DOCSLIB.ORG

Ƒヽƒ® ½Ƒä—Ý'ƒö›͕ Ýêçã«›ÙÄ T›Ýã›ÙÄ

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ƒヽƒ® ½Ƒä—Ý'ƒö›͕ Ýêçã«›ÙÄ T›Ýã›ÙÄ :ŽƵƌŶĂůŽĨdŚƌĞĂƚĞŶĞĚdĂdžĂͮǁǁǁ͘ƚŚƌĞĂƚĞŶĞĚƚĂdžĂ͘ŽƌŐͮϮϲEŽǀĞŵďĞƌϮϬϭϯͮϱ;ϭϱͿ͗ϰϵϰϱʹϰϵϱϮ Western Ghats Zò®ó Special Series DĞŐŚĂŵĂůĂŝƐƉĞĐŝĂůƐĞĐƟŽŶ DÃýÝÊ¥ã«D¦«Ã½®½ÄÝÖ͕ÝÊçã«ÙÄtÝãÙÄ /^^E KŶůŝŶĞϬϵϳϰʹϳϵϬϳ '«ãÝ͕/Ä®ͲÙò®ó WƌŝŶƚϬϵϳϰʹϳϴϵϯ KWE^^ ^ĂŶƚŚĂŶĂŬƌŝƐŚŶĂŶĂďƵϭ͕'ŽƉĂůĂŬƌŝƐŚŶĂŶ^ƌŝŶŝǀĂƐϮ͕,ŽŶŶĂǀĂůůŝE͘<ƵŵĂƌĂϯ͕ <ĂƌƚŚŝŬdĂŵŝůĂƌĂƐƵϰΘ^ĂŶũĂLJDŽůƵƌϱ 1,3 _ĂůŝŵůŝĞŶƚƌĞĨŽƌKƌŶŝƚŚŽůŽŐLJĂŶĚEĂƚƵƌĂů,ŝƐƚŽƌLJ͕ŶĂŝŬĂƩLJ;WKͿ͕ŽŝŵďĂƚŽƌĞ͕dĂŵŝůEĂĚƵϲϰϭϭϬϴ͕/ŶĚŝĂ 1,2,5 tŝůĚůŝĨĞ/ŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ>ŝĂŝƐŽŶĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ^ŽĐŝĞƚLJ͕ϵϲ͕<ƵŵƵĚŚĂŵEĂŐĂƌ͕sŝůĂŶŬƵƌŝĐŚŝZŽĂĚ͕ŽŝŵďĂƚŽƌĞ͕ dĂŵŝůEĂĚƵϲϰϭϬϯϱ͕/ŶĚŝĂ 5 ŽŽKƵƚƌĞĂĐŚKƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƟŽŶ͕ϵϲ͕<ƵŵƵĚŚĂŵEĂŐĂƌ͕sŝůĂŶŬƵƌŝĐŚŝZŽĂĚ͕ŽŝŵďĂƚŽƌĞ͕dĂŵŝůEĂĚƵϲϰϭϬϯϱ͕/ŶĚŝĂ ϰĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨŽŽůŽŐLJ͕sŽůůĞŐĞ͕DĂŶŶĂŵƉĂŶĚĂů͕DĂLJŝůĂĚƵƚŚƵƌĂŝ͕dĂŵŝůEĂĚƵϲϬϵϯϬϱ͕/ŶĚŝĂ 1 ƐĂŶďĂďƐΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ;ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚŝŶŐĂƵƚŚŽƌͿ͕2 ƐƌŝŶŝŚĞƌƉΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ͕3 ŚŽŶŶĂǀĂůůŝŬΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ͕ ϰŬĂƌƚŚŝŬŚĞƌƉΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ͕5 ŚĞƌƉŝŶǀĞƌƚΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ ďƐƚƌĂĐƚ͗ZĞƉŽƌƚƐŽŶƚŚĞĐŽŶĐƵƌƌĞŶĐĞŽĨŵĂŵŵĂůƐŝŶƚŚĞDĞŐŚĂŵĂůĂŝ Prionailurus viverrinusŝŶƐŽƵƚŚĞƌŶ/ŶĚŝĂƌĞŵĂŝŶƐƵŶƌĞƐŽůǀĞĚ͘ƵƌŝŶŐ ůĂŶĚƐĐĂƉĞ ǁĞƌĞ ĐŽůůĂƚĞĚ ĨƌŽŵ ƉƵďůŝƐŚĞĚ ůŝƚĞƌĂƚƵƌĞ ĂŶĚ ĂůƐŽ ƚŚĞ ŽƵƌ ƐƚƵĚLJ͕ ĂŶƚŚƌŽƉŽŐĞŶŝĐ ƉƌĞƐƐƵƌĞƐ ƐƵĐŚ ĂƐ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐŝŽŶ ŽĨ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů ĚĂƚĂ ŽďƚĂŝŶĞĚ ĨƌŽŵ Ă ƌĞĐĞŶƚ ƐƚƵĚLJ ƐƉĂŶŶŝŶŐ ŽǀĞƌ ϭϴ ŵŽŶƚŚƐ ;:ƵŶĞ ŚĂďŝƚĂƚƐ͕ ĞŶĐƌŽĂĐŚŵĞŶƚ͕ ŚƵŶƟŶŐ͕ ĐĂƩůĞ ŐƌĂnjŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ƚŽƵƌŝƐŵ ǁĞƌĞ ϮϬϭϭʹĞĐĞŵďĞƌϮϬϭϮͿ͘^ŝdžƚLJͲƚŚƌĞĞƐƉĞĐŝĞƐďĞůŽŶŐŝŶŐƚŽϮϰĨĂŵŝůŝĞƐ ŽďƐĞƌǀĞĚƚŽĂīĞĐƚƚŚĞĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶŽĨŵĂŵŵĂůƐŝŶƚŚĞůĂŶĚƐĐĂƉĞ͘ ŽĐĐƵƌ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ůĂŶĚƐĐĂƉĞ͕ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝŶĐůƵĚĞ Ϯϰ ŐůŽďĂůůLJ ƚŚƌĞĂƚĞŶĞĚ ;ŽŶĞ ƌŝƟĐĂůůLJ ŶĚĂŶŐĞƌĞĚ͖ ƐĞǀĞŶ ŶĚĂŶŐĞƌĞĚ͖ ϭϭ sƵůŶĞƌĂďůĞ ĂŶĚ ĮǀĞ <ĞLJǁŽƌĚƐ͗ ƌďŽƌĞĂů ŵĂŵŵĂůƐ͕ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶ ŝƐƐƵĞƐ͕ ĞŶĚĞŵŝƐŵ͕ EĞĂƌ dŚƌĞĂƚĞŶĞĚͿ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ͘ KĨ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĐŽƌĚĞĚ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ͕ ĨŽƵƌ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐƌŝĐŚŶĞƐƐ͕tĞƐƚĞƌŶ'ŚĂƚƐ͘ ĂƌĞ ĞŶĚĞŵŝĐ ƚŽ /ŶĚŝĂ ĂŶĚ ŶŝŶĞ ĂƌĞ ĞŶĚĞŵŝĐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ tĞƐƚĞƌŶ 'ŚĂƚƐ͘ dŚĞ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚ ƐƚƵĚLJ ĂĚĚĞĚ ĮǀĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ͕ ǀŝnj͕͘ ZƵƐƚLJͲƐƉŽƩĞĚ Ăƚ Prionailurus rubiginosus͕DĂůĂďĂƌ^ƉŝŶLJdƌĞĞDŽƵƐĞPlatacanthomys lasiurus͕ 'ƌŝnjnjůĞĚ 'ŝĂŶƚ ^ƋƵŝƌƌĞů Ratufa macroura͕ ŽŵŵŽŶ WĂůŵ dŚĞ DĞŐŚĂŵĂůĂŝ ůĂŶĚƐĐĂƉĞ ŝƐ ƐŝƚƵĂƚĞĚ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ŝǀĞƚ Paradoxurus hermaphrodites ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ /ŶĚŝĂŶ 'ƌĞLJ DŽŶŐŽŽƐĞ ŶŽƌƚŚĞĂƐƚĞƌŶƐŝĚĞŽĨWĞƌŝLJĂƌdŝŐĞƌZĞƐĞƌǀĞ͕ĞŶĐŽŵƉĂƐƐŝŶŐ Herpestes edwardsiiƚŽƚŚĞƐŝdžĚĞĐĂĚĞŽůĚŵĂŵŵĂůůŝƐƚ͘Ƶƚ͕ϭϯƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ ƌĞƉŽƌƚĞĚ ďLJ ,ƵƩŽŶ ǁĞƌĞ ŶŽƚ ƌĞĐŽƌĚĞĚ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƵĚLJ͘ ŵŽŶŐ ,ŝŐŚ tĂǀLJ DŽƵŶƚĂŝŶƐ͕ sĂƌƵƐĂŶĂĚ sĂůůĞLJ ĂŶĚ ,ŝůů͕ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞŵ͕ŽĐĐƵƌƌĞŶĐĞŽĨDĂůĂďĂƌŝǀĞƚsŝǀĞƌƌĂĐŝǀĞƫŶĂĂŶĚ&ŝƐŚŝŶŐĂƚ sĞůůŝŵĂůĂŝ͘ ,ŝŐŚ tĂǀLJ DŽƵŶƚĂŝŶƐ ŝƐ ƉŽƉƵůĂƌůLJ ƌĞĨĞƌƌĞĚ K/͗ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĚdž͘ĚŽŝ͘ŽƌŐͬϭϬ͘ϭϭϲϬϵͬ:Ždd͘Žϯϱϵϲ͘ϰϵϰϱͲϱϮͮŽŽĂŶŬ͗ƵƌŶ͗ůƐŝĚ͗njŽŽďĂŶŬ͘ŽƌŐ͗ƉƵď͗ϴ&ϮϭϵϭͲϲϵϭ&ͲϰϴͲϬϭϵͲϱϴϳϴ&ϵ&ϭϭ ĚŝƚŽƌ͗DĞǁĂ^ŝŶŐŚ͕DLJƐŽƌĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕DLJƐƵƌƵ͕/ŶĚŝĂ͘ ĂƚĞŽĨƉƵďůŝĐĂƟŽŶ͗ϮϲEŽǀĞŵďĞƌϮϬϭϯ;ŽŶůŝŶĞΘƉƌŝŶƚͿ DĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚĚĞƚĂŝůƐ͗DƐηŽϯϱϵϲͮZĞĐĞŝǀĞĚϮϲƉƌŝůϮϬϭϯͮ&ŝŶĂůƌĞĐĞŝǀĞĚϬϯƵŐƵƐƚϮϬϭϯͮ&ŝŶĂůůLJĂĐĐĞƉƚĞĚϬϱKĐƚŽďĞƌϮϬϭϯ ŝƚĂƟŽŶ͗ ĂďƵ͕^͕͘'͘^ƌŝŶŝǀĂƐ͕,͘E͘<ƵŵĂƌĂ͕<͘dĂŵŝůĂƌĂƐƵΘ^͘DŽůƵƌ;ϮϬϭϯͿ͘DĂŵŵĂůƐŽĨƚŚĞDĞŐŚĂŵĂůĂŝůĂŶĚƐĐĂƉĞ͕ƐŽƵƚŚĞƌŶtĞƐƚĞƌŶ'ŚĂƚƐ͕/ŶĚŝĂͲĂƌĞǀŝĞǁ͘ Journal of Threatened Taxaϱ;ϭϱͿ͗ϰϵϰϱʹϰϵϱϮ; ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĚdž͘ĚŽŝ͘ŽƌŐͬϭϬ͘ϭϭϲϬϵͬ:Ždd͘Žϯϱϵϲ͘ϰϵϰϱͲϱϮ ŽƉLJƌŝŐŚƚ͗ ©ĂďƵĞƚĂů͘ϮϬϭϯ͘ƌĞĂƟǀĞŽŵŵŽŶƐƩƌŝďƵƟŽŶϯ͘ϬhŶƉŽƌƚĞĚ>ŝĐĞŶƐĞ͘:ŽddĂůůŽǁƐƵŶƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚĞĚƵƐĞŽĨƚŚŝƐĂƌƟĐůĞŝŶĂŶLJŵĞĚŝƵŵ͕ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶĂŶĚ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶďLJƉƌŽǀŝĚŝŶŐĂĚĞƋƵĂƚĞĐƌĞĚŝƚƚŽƚŚĞĂƵƚŚŽƌƐĂŶĚƚŚĞƐŽƵƌĐĞŽĨƉƵďůŝĐĂƟŽŶ͘ &ƵŶĚŝŶŐ͗ dŚŝƐǁŽƌŬŝƐƉĂƌƚŽĨƚŚĞdZͲW&ĂŶĚZƵīŽƌĚ^ŵĂůů'ƌĂŶƚƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚƉƌŽũĞĐƚĂŶĚǁĞĂƉƉƌĞĐŝĂƚĞƚŚĞŵĨŽƌƚŚĞĮŶĂŶĐŝĂůƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͘ ŽŵƉĞƟŶŐ/ŶƚĞƌĞƐƚ͗dŚĞĂƵƚŚŽƌƐĚĞĐůĂƌĞŶŽĐŽŵƉĞƟŶŐŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚƐ͘ ĐŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞŵĞŶƚƐ͗tĞƚŚĂŶŬdĂŵŝůEĂĚƵ&ŽƌĞƐƚĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚĂŶĚdŚĞŶŝ&ŽƌĞƐƚŝǀŝƐŝŽŶĨŽƌƚŚĞƉĞƌŵŝƐƐŝŽŶƚŽĐĂƌƌLJŽƵƚƚŚŝƐƐƚƵĚLJ͖ƚŚĞĚŝƌĞĐƚŽƌƐĂŶĚŽƚŚĞƌĐŽůͲ ůĞĂŐƵĞƐŝŶ^KEĂŶĚt/>ĨŽƌƚŚĞĨĂĐŝůŝƟĞƐĂŶĚƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͖sEDĂŶĚtZĨŽƌƚŚĞŝƌůŽŐŝƐƟĐƐƵƉƉŽƌƚĚƵƌŝŶŐĮĞůĚǁŽƌŬ͘ dŚŝƐĂƌƟĐůĞĨŽƌŵƐƉĂƌƚŽĨĂƐƉĞĐŝĂůƐĞƌŝĞƐŽŶƚŚĞtĞƐƚĞƌŶ'ŚĂƚƐŽĨ/ŶĚŝĂ͕ĚŝƐƐĞŵŝŶĂƟŶŐƚŚĞƌĞƐƵůƚƐŽĨǁŽƌŬƐƵƉƉŽƌƚĞĚďLJƚŚĞƌŝƟĐĂůĐŽƐLJƐƚĞŵWĂƌƚŶĞƌƐŚŝƉ&ƵŶĚ ;W&Ϳ͕ĂũŽŝŶƚŝŶŝƟĂƟǀĞŽĨů͛ŐĞŶĐĞ&ƌĂŶĕĂŝƐĞĚĞĠǀĞůŽƉƉĞŵĞŶƚ͕ŽŶƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů͕ƚŚĞƵƌŽƉĞĂŶŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ͕ƚŚĞ'ůŽďĂůŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ&ĂĐŝůŝƚLJ͕ƚŚĞ'ŽǀͲ ĞƌŶŵĞŶƚŽĨ:ĂƉĂŶ͕ƚŚĞDĂĐƌƚŚƵƌ&ŽƵŶĚĂƟŽŶĂŶĚƚŚĞtŽƌůĚĂŶŬ͘ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůŐŽĂůŽĨW&ŝƐƚŽĞŶƐƵƌĞĐŝǀŝůƐŽĐŝĞƚLJŝƐĞŶŐĂŐĞĚŝŶďŝŽĚŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶ͘ /ŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƟŽŶŽĨƚŚĞW&ŝŶǀĞƐƚŵĞŶƚƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŝŶƚŚĞtĞƐƚĞƌŶ'ŚĂƚƐŝƐůĞĚĂŶĚĐŽŽƌĚŝŶĂƚĞĚďLJƚŚĞƐŚŽŬĂdƌƵƐƚĨŽƌZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚŝŶĐŽůŽŐLJĂŶĚƚŚĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ ;dZͿ͘ ϰϵϰϱ Mammals of Meghamalai Babu el al. to as ‘Pachchaikoomachi’ and ‘Meghamalai’ by locals of three decades, Hutton (1949) made collections and that explicate dense forest and cloud covered hill described the behaviour, habitat and distribution of 56 respectively (Fig. 1). Summit ridges of the landscape mammalian species including a few range restricted and receive high precipitation during the south-west and threatened species. More than two decades later (1972), north-east monsoons and have a narrow strip of wet while working on the specimens of megachiropterans forests. Meghamalai forms an imperative wildlife at BNHS, Thonglongya had noticed that the specimen corridor with Periyar Tiger Reserve to the south-west, labelled Cynopterus sphinx, collected at the High Wavy Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary to the south and the Mountains, was wrongly identified. He identified it as Cumbum West forests to the north. Furthermore, it is a new genus Latidens and named the species Latidens bestowed with certain remnant patches of wet forests salimalii (Thonglongya 1972), which is endemic to in high elevation plateaus (>1400m), which have been southern India. A subsequent survey by BNHS and severely fragmented and over-exploited for raising Harrison Zoological Museum rediscovered L. salimalii at commercial crops and plantations that have left the the High Wavy Tea and Coffee Estates (Kardana Coffee natural forests as fragments or islands. Estate). In addition, a few short surveys were also In spite of being an important wildlife corridor, attempted to address the roost site characteristics of updated data on mammals of the landscape is lacking. the bat (Singaravelan & Marimuthu 2003a,b). Kumara The earliest survey on mamals in the hill range was et al. (2011) highlighted that the landscape harbours started in the beginning of the 19th century by Prater. one of the largest populations of globally threatened He explored and collected mammals from the Cumbum Lion-tailed Macaque Macaca silenus. Bhupathy et al. Valley and the northern slopes of High Wavy Mountains, (2012) have highlighted the conservation significance and these specimens were preserved in Bombay of the landscape using select vertebrates. Although the Natural History Society (BNHS) Museum collections. landscape has been well explored in terms of mammals Subsequently, Wroughton (1917) wrote the descriptions over the decades (1917–2012) through a series of short- for collections made by Prater, from which he identified term studies at different time periods (1917–2012), 24 species mainly of rodents and bats. After a lapse the updated list of mammals and their current status Figure 1. Surveyed areas in Meghamalai landscape, southern Western Ghats 4946 Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 November 2013 | 5(15): 4945–4952 Mammals of Meghamalai Babu el al. (qualitative) in the landscape has not been attempted. In family Muridae (rats and mouse) was recorded with this context, we update the mammals of the Meghamalai a maximum number of species (Fig. 2) followed by landscape based on primary (June 2011–December Sciuridae (squirrels) and Felidae (cats). Among the 2012) and secondary information. 63 species, 24 are globally threatened (including one Critically Endangered; seven Endangered; 11 Vulnerable Materials and Methods and five Near Threatened species), nine are endemic We carried out a study on the status and distribution to the Western Ghats and four to India (Fig. 3). The of large mammals in the landscape between June 2011 number of species recorded as common (C) and very and December 2012. The entire landscape was gridded common (VC) were lower than Hutton’s observation, into 133 grids on the base map and each grid was however uncommon (UC) and rare (RR) were higher sampled for the presence/absence of the mammals by than the earlier observation (Fig. 4). Five species, viz., walking on pre-determined paths. During these walks Rusty-spotted Cat, Malabar Spiny Tree Mouse, Indian all sighted animals were recorded, droppings on trail Grey Mongoose, Grizzled Giant Squirrel and Common were recorded with species identity, and also animal Palm Civet were added for the first time to the existing presence was recorded based on tracks and signs. We list of mammals in Meghamalai. Further, three species also conducted night surveys using flash lights or by of bats, viz., Salim Ali Fruit bat Latidens salimalii, Lesser using a motor vehicle with lights by driving slowly and Dog-faced Fruit Bat Cynopterus brachyotis and Rufous recording animals found on either side of the road. The Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus rouxii were not recorded by total sampling effort amounted to 85km. Further, we Hutton though recorded by Singaravelan & Marimuthu also reviewed the literature to prepare a comprehensive (2003a,b). Some of the sight records of earlier notes list of mammals for the landscape (Wroughton raise doubts of its accuracy, in particular the sightings 1917; Hutton 1949; Thonglongya 1972; Muni 1994; of Malabar Civet and Fishing Cat. Detailed species Singaravelan & Marimuthu 2003a,b). The status of each information, for each new site record, obtained from the mammal species observed by Hutton was compared present study is presented here. with the current population status (consolidated from Rusty-spotted Cat Prionailurus rubiginosus: Four the study) to understand the influence of six decades of observations of the Rusty-spotted Cat (RSC) were disturbance on the distribution of large mammals (41 obtained during the present study. This included two species). IUCN status, endemism and schedule category direct sightings (June 2012; Vannathiparai of Gudalur
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Western Ghats & Sri Lanka Biodiversity Hotspot
    Ecosystem Profile WESTERN GHATS & SRI LANKA BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT WESTERN GHATS REGION FINAL VERSION MAY 2007 Prepared by: Kamal S. Bawa, Arundhati Das and Jagdish Krishnaswamy (Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology & the Environment - ATREE) K. Ullas Karanth, N. Samba Kumar and Madhu Rao (Wildlife Conservation Society) in collaboration with: Praveen Bhargav, Wildlife First K.N. Ganeshaiah, University of Agricultural Sciences Srinivas V., Foundation for Ecological Research, Advocacy and Learning incorporating contributions from: Narayani Barve, ATREE Sham Davande, ATREE Balanchandra Hegde, Sahyadri Wildlife and Forest Conservation Trust N.M. Ishwar, Wildlife Institute of India Zafar-ul Islam, Indian Bird Conservation Network Niren Jain, Kudremukh Wildlife Foundation Jayant Kulkarni, Envirosearch S. Lele, Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Environment & Development M.D. Madhusudan, Nature Conservation Foundation Nandita Mahadev, University of Agricultural Sciences Kiran M.C., ATREE Prachi Mehta, Envirosearch Divya Mudappa, Nature Conservation Foundation Seema Purshothaman, ATREE Roopali Raghavan, ATREE T. R. Shankar Raman, Nature Conservation Foundation Sharmishta Sarkar, ATREE Mohammed Irfan Ullah, ATREE and with the technical support of: Conservation International-Center for Applied Biodiversity Science Assisted by the following experts and contributors: Rauf Ali Gladwin Joseph Uma Shaanker Rene Borges R. Kannan B. Siddharthan Jake Brunner Ajith Kumar C.S. Silori ii Milind Bunyan M.S.R. Murthy Mewa Singh Ravi Chellam Venkat Narayana H. Sudarshan B.A. Daniel T.S. Nayar R. Sukumar Ranjit Daniels Rohan Pethiyagoda R. Vasudeva Soubadra Devy Narendra Prasad K. Vasudevan P. Dharma Rajan M.K. Prasad Muthu Velautham P.S. Easa Asad Rahmani Arun Venkatraman Madhav Gadgil S.N. Rai Siddharth Yadav T. Ganesh Pratim Roy Santosh George P.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Rese Arch in B Iolog Y
    Journal of Research in Biology An International Scientific Research Journal Original Research Population density of Indian giant squirrel Ratufa indica centralis (Ryley, 1913) in Satpura National Park, Madhya Pradesh, India Authors: ABSTRACT: 1 Raju Lal Gurjar , 1* Amol .S. Kumbhar , Jyotirmay Jena1, 1 Information on population and distributional status of Indian giant squirrel Jaya Kumar Yogesh , Ratufa indica centralis is poorly known from central Indian hills. The species is Chittaranjan Dave1, endemic to India and widely distributed in Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats and Central Ramesh Pratap Singh2, India. In this study using line transect distance sampling we estimated population Ashok Mishra2. density of giant squirrel in Satpura Tiger Reserve (STR), which is a major biosphere Institution: reserve in central India that harbors wide variety of rare endemic and endangered 1. WWF - India, Nisha species. Density estimate with total effort of 276km line transect shows 5.5 (± 0.82) 2 Building, Near Forest squirrels/Km . This study provides first baseline information on ecological density Barrier, Katra, Mandla, estimate of Ratufa indica centralis in central Indian landscape. Reduction of Madhya Pradesh, India. anthropogenic pressure should be the first priority for park managers in Satpura Tiger reserve. 2. Field Director Office, Satpura Tiger Reserve, Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh, India. Corresponding author: Keywords: Amol S. Kumbhar Central Indian landscape, Distance sampling, density estimation, Ratufa indica centralis. Email Id: Article Citation: Raju Lal Gurjar, Amol S. Kumbhar, Jyotirmay Jena, Jaya Kumar Yogesh, Chittaranjan Dave, Ramesh Pratap Singh and Ashok Mishra. Population density of Indian giant squirrel Ratufa indica centralis (Ryley, 1913) in Journal of Research in Biology Research Journal of Satpura National Park, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    [Show full text]
  • 1St Cover Nov Issue.Indd
    SHORT FEATURE BIJUIJU DHARMAPALAN AND SHONE THOMAS The Indian giant squirrel photographed from the Periyar Tiger Reserve area (Photo: Shone Thomas) visit to any deciduous evergreen forest in peninsular India A would be welcomed with the presence of a small mammal with its unique barking sound and coloured fur. A peculiar animal known for its shyness and lightning pace, the Indian giant squirrel is an a raction for every wildlife enthusiast. Ratufa indica, as it is named scientifi cally, the giant squirrel is endemic to India. It is the state animal of Maharashtra. The Indian giant squirrel is a Schedule–II animal, according to the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 which provides it absolute protection and is classifi ed as of Least Concern (LC) by the IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature). The Indian giant squirrel is one of the world’s most beautiful squirrels. They have two or three tone colour scheme with shades Indian giant squirrel feeding on fruits of black, brown, and deep red. The colour of its body is deep red (Photo: Shone Thomas) to brown, and it has white furs in the belly area. The under parts and the front legs are usually dirty white or cream coloured. The The Indian giant squirrel is omnivorous, feeding on fruits, ears are round, a pronounced hand with an inner paw that is of fl owers, nuts, bark, bird eggs, and insects. They feed by standing course used for gripping. on the hind legs and using their hands to handle the food. They also use their large tail as a counter-weight, improving their The squirrel generally stays high in the forest canopy, rarely balance.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Local Hunting on Abundance of Large Mammals in Three Protected Areas of the Western Ghats, Karnataka
    Technical Report -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Impact of local hunting on abundance of large mammals in three protected areas of the Western Ghats, Karnataka H. N. Kumara Submitted to Rufford Maurice Laing Foundation, UK March 2007 Impact of local hunting on abundance of large mammals in three protected areas of the Western Ghats, Karnataka H. N. Kumara National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore, India Submitted to Rufford Maurice Laing Foundation, UK Ecology, Behaviour and Conservation Group National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore 560012, India Contributors H. N. Kumara1 and Anindya Sinha¹, ² ¹National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore 560012, India ²Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, India 2 Contents Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4 Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………………………….5 1. General Introduction, Study sites and Methods………………………………………………6 2. Mammals of Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary, Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary and Sharavathi Valley Wildlife Sanctuary…………………….....................15 3. People and Hunting practice in Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary, Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary and Sharavathi Valley Wildlife Sanctuary…….......24 4. Major findings and Implications for Conservation……………………………………..… 29 Appendix1. Decline of lion-tailed macaque populations in the Western Ghats, India: Identification of a viable population and its conservation in Karnataka state………………………………………………………………..……. 32 Appendix 2. The
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on the Flora of Periyar Tiger Reserv
    KFRI Research Report 150 STUDIES ON THE FLORA OF PERIYAR TIGER RESERV N. Sas idharan KERALA FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE PEECHI, THRISSUR July 1998 Pages: 558 CONTENTS Page File Index to Families r.150.2 Abstract r.150.3 1 Introduction i r.150.4 2 Study Area ii r.150.5 3 Method viii r.150.6 4 Results viii r.150.7 5 Discussion xix r.150.8 6 Families 1 r.150.9 7 References 555 r.150.10 Index to families ACANTHACEAE 290 COCHLOSPERMACEAE 16 AGAVACEAE 452 COMBRETACEAE 133 AIZOACEAE 160 COMMELINACEAE 459 ALANGIACEAE 166 CONNARACEAE 85 AMARANTHACEAE 327 CONVOLVULACEAE 262 AMARYLLIDACEAE 452 CORNACEAE 166 ANACARDIACEAE 81 CRASSULACEAE 130 ANCISTROCLADACEAE 28 CUCURBITACEAE 153 ANNONACEAE 3 CYPERACEAE 481 APIACEAE 161 DATISCACEAE 158 APOCYNACEAE 240 DICHAPETALACEAE 62 AQUIFOLIACEAE 65 DILLENIACEAE 2 ARACEAE 471 DIOSCOREACEAE 453 ARALIACEAE 164 DIPTEROCARPACEAE 27 ARECACEAE 466 DROSERACEAE 131 ARISTOLOCHIACEAE 335 EBENACEAE 229 ASCLEPIADACEAE 246 ELAEGNACEAE 354 ASTERACEAE 190 ELAEOCARPACEAE 41 BALANOPHORACEAE 361 ERICACEAE 219 BALSAMINACEAE 44 ERIOCAULACEAE 477 BEGONIACEAE 159 ERYTHROXYLACEAE 42 BIGNONIACEAE 289 EUPHORBIACEAE 361 BOMBACACEAE 34 FABACEAE (LEGUMINOSAE) 86 BORAGINACEAE 260 FLACOURTIACEAE 17 BRASSICACEAE 13 GENTIANACEAE 256 BUDDLEJACEAE 256 GESNERIACEAE 287 BURMANNIACEAE 396 HAEMODORACEAE 451 BURSERACEAE 56 HALORAGACEAE 132 BUXACEAE 361 HIPPOCRATEACEAE 69 CAMPANULACEAE 215 HYDROCHARITACEAE 396 CANNABACEAE 389 HYPERICACEAE 23 CAPPARIDACEAE 14 HYPOXIDACEAE 453 CAPRIFOLIACEAE 166 ICACINACEAE 63 CARYOPHYLLACEAE 22 JUNCACEAE 466 CELASTRACEAE
    [Show full text]
  • Gharial News Letter A-W Final Backup Copy-01 Ra
    INDIA NEWSLETTER JULY - SEPTEMBER 2012 NEWSLETTER IND PANDA 2012 IND SG & CEO’S FOREWORD Dear friends, On a weekend like any other in June, I received this message that pleasantly conveyed, more than adequately, the understated excitement of its bearer - “Traced to Aligarh - nearly 400 km downstream from Hastinapur!” The message had been sent by Sanjeev Yadav, Senior Project Officer with WWF-India, who had been attempting to capture a female gharial that had swum a distance of nearly 400 km through the Ganga canal system, from Hastinapur to an area in Aligarh district. The gharial had finally been located, but after much clamour. A regular racket had been created, and yet this was a happy noise that had been raised - one that we would hope to be caused for other threatened species as well. People did not merely cooperate; they went out of their way to assist the team from WWF-India. The township of Sikandarpur extended heartwarming hospitality and both the media and the Uttar Pradesh Forest Department proved accommodating and supportive. The greatest feat however, was undertaken by the Irrigation Department that so generously offered to lower the level of water in the canal to facilitate the search. Battling the monsoon and other impediments to their pursuit, the team was able to successfully recapture and release the gharial back in Hastinapur. The cause of this transformative effect, more than the confluence of various sections of people that facilitated it, was their desire for such transformation. Nature gives us this incredible capacity - to take our weaknesses and turn them into verve, if only we so desire.
    [Show full text]
  • Journaloffthreatenedtaxa
    OPEN ACCESS All arfcles publfshed fn the Journal of Threatened Taxa are regfstered under Creafve Commons Atrfbufon 4.0 Interna - fonal Lfcense unless otherwfse menfoned. JoTT allows unrestrfcted use of arfcles fn any medfum, reproducfon and dfstrfbufon by provfdfng adequate credft to the authors and the source of publfcafon. Journal of Threatened Taxa The fnternafonal journal of conservafon and taxonomy www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Onlfne) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Prfnt) Short Communfcatfon Small carnfvores of Parambfkulam Tfger Reserve, southern Western Ghats, Indfa R. Sreeharf & P.O. Nameer 26 September 2016 | Vol. 8 | No. 11 | Pp. 9306–9315 10.11609/ jot. 2311 .8.1 1.9306 -9315 For Focus, Scope, Afms, Polfcfes and Gufdelfnes vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/About_JoTT.asp For Arfcle Submfssfon Gufdelfnes vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/Submfssfon_Gufdelfnes.asp For Polfcfes agafnst Scfenffc Mfsconduct vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/JoTT_Polfcy_agafnst_Scfenffc_Mfsconduct.asp For reprfnts contact <[email protected]> Publfsher/Host Partner Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 September 2016 | 8(11): 9306–9315 Small carnivores of Parambikulam Tiger Reserve, southern Western Ghats, India ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) 1 2 Short Communication Short R. Sreehari & P.O. Nameer ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) 1,2 Centre for Wildlife Sciences, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala 680656, India OPEN ACCESS 1 Current address: Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected] (corresponding author) Abstract: The first ever detailed study on the small carnivores of the (Mustelidae) and small cats (Felidae). They are mostly Parambikulam Tiger Reserve (PkTR) in the southern Western Ghats, nocturnal and solitary animals and also one of the less using camera trap techniques, reported 11 species.
    [Show full text]
  • By the Lion-Tailed Macaque (Macaca Silenus) in the Western Ghats, India
    Hunting of Indian giant squirrel (Ratufa indica) by the lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) in the Western Ghats, India In most primate species, with the excep- of an adult squirrel17 is about 2 kg with a holding it by the scruff of its neck. It was tion of Colobinae and Indriidae, faunal body length of 35–41 cm and tail length still alive when the monkey started to prey constitutes a significant portion of of about 60 cm. Here we report an inci- bite its head. In a few seconds, the squir- the diet1. The prey mainly includes arthro- dent of predation on a sub-adult Indian rel was dead. The monkey ripped-off the pods and small vertebrates. The type of giant squirrel (Ratufa indica) by an adult, skin on its head and started to eat the prey species varies with the body size of male, lion-tailed macaque. flesh around the neck. None of the other the primate species, with small-bodied This incident took place during our group members showed any interest, primates such as prosimians feeding study on resource partitioning among except a sub-adult male who came to the mainly on insects. The relatively large- sympatric, diurnal, arboreal mammals in tree in which the adult male was present bodied primates included small vertebrates the evergreen forests of the Indira Gandhi and sat in proximity. When the adult such as lizards, birds, small mammals, Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, India. male finally dropped the carcass, the etc. in their diet2–4. Occurrence of larger The study site, Pachchapalmalai Shola sub-adult male quickly descended to the vertebrate prey such as hare, fawn of an- (10°24′35.38″N and 77°0′31.34″E), is an branch from which the carcass hung and telopes and other species of monkeys has evergreen forest fragment with an area grabbed it.
    [Show full text]
  • 26 29 Geoscope Civit.Indd 26-27 6/18/09 2:05:34 AM Geoscope
    GEOscope Shadowing Civets On the trail of Asia’s most elusive small carnivores By T. R. Shankar Raman (text) and Kalyan Varma (photos) EEP IN THE rainforest, the monotonous to a lull as dawn broke. Our task was to In retrospect, it is curious that even continue to occur in altered tropical Dplip-plip of the radio receiver kept locate K70 within his home range and this basic aspect of the civet’s ecology habitats such as logged forests or shade- strange rhythm with the chill-chill calls identify the day-bed chosen by the civet. was unknown when the researcher began coffee plantations. Yet, their populations of the stream frogs. Dawn sent gentle Civets are small cat-sized mammalian her studies in 1998 with a WCS Research are reduced and their long-term survival probing fingers of light through the carnivores, primarily active by night and Fellowship. Yet, this was so for the Brown in these rapidly transforming landscapes dense canopy, barely lighting the leaf- known to use tree hollows and notches palm civet and remains the case for the remains questionable. Whether civets can strewn forest floor. Through the lifting to rest during the daytime. Yet, when many civet species of South and South-east continue to survive in plantations if there mist we walked, the rich earthy scent of we finally located K70, we were in for a Asia. Being nocturnal and cryptic, often are no remnant forest tracts in the vicinity the forest in our nostrils, the morning air surprise. This was no hollow or tree-notch; restricted to dense forests, civets have is yet to be established.
    [Show full text]
  • Prioritisation of Conservation Areas in the Western Ghats, India
    BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION 133 (2006) 16– 31 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon Prioritisation of conservation areas in the Western Ghats, India Arundhati Dasa,c,*, Jagdish Krishnaswamya,c, Kamaljit S. Bawaa,b, M.C. Kirana, V. Srinivasc,d, N. Samba Kumarc, K. Ullas Karanthc aAshoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, #659, 5th ‘A’ Main Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560 024, India bDepartment of Biology, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA cWildlife Conservation Society (India Program), Centre for Wildlife Studies, 403, Seebo Apartments, 26/2 Aga Abbas Ali Road, Bangalore 560 042, India dFoundation for Ecological Research, Advocacy and Learning, Post Box 28, Pondicherry 605 001, India ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Areas of high conservation value were identified in the Western Ghats using a systematic Received 12 February 2006 conservation planning approach. Surrogates were chosen and assessed for effectiveness Received in revised form on the basis of spatial congruence using Pearson’s correlations and Mantel’s tests. The 5 May 2006 surrogates were, threatened and endemic plant and vertebrate species, unfragmented Accepted 8 May 2006 forest areas, dry forests, sub-regionally rare vegetation types, and a remotely sensed sur- Available online 14 July 2006 rogate for unique evergreen ecosystems. At the scale of this analysis, amphibian richness was most highly correlated with overall threatened and endemic species richness, Keywords: whereas mammals, especially wide-ranging species, were better at capturing overall ani- Western Ghats mal and habitat diversity. There was a significant relationship between a remote sensing Reserve networks based habitat surrogate and endemic tree diversity and composition.
    [Show full text]
  • Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas in India Priority Sites for Conservation
    IMPORTANT BIRD AND BIODIVERSITY AREAS IN INDIA Priority sites for conservation Second Edition: Revised and Updated Volume II Asad R. Rahmani, M. Zafar-ul Islam and Raju M. Kasambe Maps prepared by Mohit Kalra and Noor I. Khan Team Members Noor I. Khan, Siddesh Surve, Abhijit Malekar and Nandkishor Dudhe Significant Contribution to this edition Anwaruddin Choudhury, Arvind Mishra, Ajai Saxena, Dhananjai Mohan, Himmat Singh Pawar, Intesar Suhail, Khursheed Ahmad, Neeraj Srivastava, P.O. Nameer, Manoj Nair, Mrutyumjaya Rao, Praveen, J., Sanjeeva Pandey, S. Subramanya, Satya Prakash Editors Gayatri Ugra and Maithreyi, M.R. Layout and Design V. Gopi Naidu With major sponsorship from Pavillion Foundation, Singapore Recommended citation: Rahmani, A.R., Islam, M.Z. and Kasambe, R.M. (2016) Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas in India: Priority Sites for Conservation (Revised and updated). Bombay Natural History Society, Indian Bird Conservation Network, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds and BirdLife International (U.K.). Pp. 1992 + xii © 2016 Authors. Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Road, Mumbai-400001, INDIA. Telephone: 0091-22-28429477 and 0091-22-22821811. Fax: 0091-22-22837615. Email: [email protected]; websites: www.bnhs.org and www.ibcn.in Bombay Natural History Society in India is registered under Bombay Public Trust Act 1950: F244 (Bom) dated 06th July 1953. ISBN: 978-93-84678-02-9 Cover Photographs: Design and collage by Gopi Naidu conceptualized by IBA Team. First published: 2004 by IBCN: Bombay Natural History Society. Second Revised Edition: 2016. Printed by Akshata Arts Pvt Ltd. 22, A to Z Industrial Estate, G.
    [Show full text]
  • Ratufa Indica (Erxleben, 1777) Received: 09-01-2017 Accepted: 10-02-2017 and Ratufa Macroura Pennant, 1769
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(2): 983-985 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Identification of hairs of Ratufa bicolor JEZS 2017; 5(2): 983-985 © 2017 JEZS (Sparrman, 1778), Ratufa indica (Erxleben, 1777) Received: 09-01-2017 Accepted: 10-02-2017 and Ratufa macroura Pennant, 1769 Manokaran Kamalakannan Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, Manokaran Kamalakannan India Abstract Characteristics of hair of three giant squirrel species namely, Ratufa bicolor, R. indica and R. macroura was evaluated using the optical light microscope for its species identification. This study was conducted at the Mammal & Osteology section of Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata during January – July, 2016. Although the microscopic hair of three species studied showed almost similar characteristics, the cuticular scales and shape of cross-section of hair of R. bicolor was varied among the species. The other two remaining species can be differentiated by combination of other hair characteristics. The high- resolution photo-micrographs and key characteristics of hair were presented in the present study can be used as an appropriate reference for species identification. Keywords: Ratufa bicolor, Ratufa indica, Ratufa macroura, hair characteristics 1. Introduction There are three species of giant squirrels found in India namely black giant squirrel Ratufa bicolor (Sparrman, 1778), Indian giant squirrel Ratufa indica (Erxleben, 1777) and grizzled giant squirrel Ratufa macroura Pennant, 1769 [1]. These giant squirrels differentiated from other squirrels by its size and richest colour pelage [5]. The pelage colour varies among the three species, the R. bicolor is having a deep brown or blackish coat on upperparts with buff- coloured underparts; R.
    [Show full text]