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Analisis Wacana Sara Mills Dalam Film Dokumenter Battle for Sevastopol

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Analisis Wacana Sara Mills Dalam Film Dokumenter Battle for Sevastopol ANALISIS WACANA SARA MILLS DALAM FILM DOKUMENTER BATTLE FOR SEVASTOPOL Skripsi Diajukan kepada Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sosial (S. Sos) Oleh : Corri Prestita Ishaya NIM : 1112051100019 KONSENTRASI JURNALISTIK JURUSAN KOMUNKASI DAN PENYIARAN ISLAM FAKULTAS ILMU DAKWAH DAN ILMU KOMUNIKASI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 1437 H / 2016 ANALISIS WACANA SARA MILLS DALAN{ FILM DOKUMENTER , BATTLE FORSEVASTOPOL Sklipsi Diajukan kepacla Fakultas Ilmu Dakr,vah dan Ilmu Kornunikasi untuk Mernenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sosial (S. Sos) Oleh: Corri Prestita Ishaya NIM: 1112051100019 Pernbimbing: NIP. 197104122 KONSENTRASI JURNALISTIK -.T'ANITTES JURUSAN KOMUNIKASI DAN PENYIARAN ISLAM ILMI.J DAKWAH DAN ILMU KOMUNIKASI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 1438 H I 2017 PENGESAHAN PANITIA UJIAN Skripsi berjudul ANALISIS WACANA SARA MILLS DALAM FILM DOKUMENTER BATTLE FOR SEVASTOPOL telah diujikan dalam sidang munaqosyah Fakultas Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah lakarta pada Jumat,28 April 2017. Skripsi ini telah diterima sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar SarjanaSosial (S.Sos) pada Program Studi Konsentrasi Jurnalistik. Tangerang, 28 April 201 6 Sidang Munaqasyah Ketua Merangkap Anggota Sekretaris Merangkap Anggota t\ I Kholis firah Nu NrP. 19801 142009121002 NrP. 1 971 0 412200003200t Anggota Penguji II D Rizaludin Kurniawan, M. Si 197009031996031001 NIP. Pembimbing firah tlurlailv. M.A 197104122000032001 LEMBAR PERNYATAAN Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa : l. Sla'ipsi inimerupakan hasil karya asli saya yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu persyaratan untuk memperoleh gelar Strata-1 (S1) di Fakultas Ihnu Dakwah dan Ihnu Komunikasi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 2. Semua sumber yang saya ,rru*n dalarn penelitian ini telah saya canturnkan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku di Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ihnu Kornunikasi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 3. .Iika di kernudian hari saya terbukti bahwa karya. ini bukan hasil karya asli saya atau mempakan jipiakan dari karya orang lain, inaka saya bersedia menerima sanksi yang berlaku di Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan lhnu Komunikasi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakafta. Tangerang, Mei 2017 Con'i Presti ta Ish a,u'.a ABSTRAK Corri Prestita Ishaya (1112051100019) ANALISIS WACANA SARA MILLS DALAM FILM DOKUMENTER BATTLE FOR SEVASTOPOL Battle for Sevastopol merupakan film dokumenter yang bergenre dokudrama biografi karya Sergey Mokritskiy. Film ini menceritakan kehidupan seorang perempuan asal Rusia yang berprofesi sebagai penembak jitu. Perempuan yang digambarkan dalam film ini diposisikan sederajat dengan lelaki karena penembak jitu biasa dilakoni oleh seorang lelaki. Perempuan diidentifikasikan sebagai sosok yang tangguh dan mampu menyamai kedudukan seorang lelaki. Peneliti melihat dalam film tersebut terdapat pemarginalan perempuan. Ketika perempuan tidak bisa meninggalkan kehidupan di sektor domestik maka perempuan memiliki kedudukan lebih rendah dari lelaki. Berdasarkan latar belakang di atas, rumusan masalah skripsi ini adalah bagaimana penggambaran perempuan dilihat dari posisi subjek-objek dan posisi pembaca atau penonton dalam film Battle for Sevastopol? Metode yang digunakan peneliti dalam penelitian skripis ini adalah metode analisis wacana Sara Mills. Metode ini memfokuskan perhatian pada wacana feminisme. Bagaimana wanita ditampilkan dalam teks, baik dalam novel, gambar, foto ataupun berita. Selain itu, Mills juga lebih memperlihatkan posisi subjek-objek dan posisi pembaca.Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah paradigma kritis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rangkaian dialog dan gambar (scene) dalam film Battle for Sevastopol. Peneliti menggunakan teori feminisme sebagai landasan dari analisis wacana Sara Mills yang menitikberatkan pada perempuan. Posisi subjek adalah siapa aktor yang menjadi pencerita (subjek). Sedangkan, posisi objek adalah siapakah pihak yang didefinisikan dan digambarkan kehadirannya oleh orang lain (subjek). Sedangkan, posisi pembaca adalah bagaimana pembaca mengidentifikasikan dan menempatkan dirinya dalam penceritaan teks. Hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan, bahwa perempuan yang berdiri sendiri sebagai feminisme digambarkan dengan karakter tokoh utama sebagai penembak jitu perempuan yang gagah berani. Perempuan sesungguhnya tidak dapat menyamai kedudukan lelaki dalam posisi tertinggi. Karena perempuan masih memiliki kehidupan domestik seperti ingin memiliki anak dan kehidupan berumahtangga lainnya yang menurut anggapan para feminis bahwa perempuan tidak bisa memiliki pemikiran yang rasional. Salah satu faktor penghambat perempuan tidak memiliki pemikiran yang rasional karena perempuan tidak dapat memasuki sektor publik. Permasalahan utamanya adalah permasalahan biologis. Perempuan ditakdirkan sebagai makhluk yang memiliki hak untuk reproduksi. Dengan demikian perempuan tidak bisa menyamai kedudukan lelaki, sehingga lelaki tetap dalam kedudukan tertinggi. Film ini menunjukkan bagaimana perempuan termarginalkan karena profesinya sebagai penembak jitu didominasi oleh lelaki ditunjukkan dalam potongan adegan dan dialog dalam film tersebut. Kata kunci : Subjek, Objek, Pembaca, Feminisme, Perempuan, Battle for Sevastopol. i KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur peneliti panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah memberikan nikmat dan hidayah-Nya, sehingga peneliti dapat menyelesaikan skripis ini. Shalawat serta salam peneliti panjatkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW beserta keluarga, sahabat, dan umat beliau yang senantiasa mengamalkan sunnah dan ajarannya. Alhamdulillah peneliti dapat menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul “Analisis Wacana Sara Mills dalam Film Battle for Sevastopol“. Skripsi ini merupakan syarat untuk mencapai gelar strara satu (S1) di Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Peneliti menyadari bahwa skripsi ini masih terdapat kekurangan. Skripsi ini dibuat tidak dengan hasil tangan sendiri, tetapi berkat bantuan, motivasi, dan kesabaran dari berbagai pihak selama proses bimbingan skripsi berlangsung. Oleh karena itu, peneliti ingin menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih kepada: 1. Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Dr. Arief Subhan, MA. Wakil Dekan Bidang Akademik, Dr. Suparto, M. Ed, Ph.D. Wakil Dekan Bidang Administrasi Umum, Dr. Hj. Roudhonah, M. Ag. Wakil Dekan Bidang Kemahasiswaan, Dr. H. Suhaimi, M. Si. 2. Ketua konsentrasi Jurnalistik, Kholis Ridho, M. Si, yang telah membantu dan memberikan kemudahan, solusi, dan motivasi kepada peneliti dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. ii 3. Dosen pembimbing skripsi sekaligus sekretaris konsentrasi Jurnalistik, Dra. Hj. Musfirah Nurlaily, MA, terima kasih telah berkenan meluangkan waktu untuk memberikan arahan, saran, dukungan, doa, ilmu, perhatian, serta motivasi selama penyusunan skripsi ini. 4. Dosen Pembimbing Akademik Jurnalistik A 2012, Siti Nurbaya, M.Si, yang memberikan saran, arahan, dan motivasi selama proses proposal skripsi. 5. Segenap Dosen Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi yang telah memberikan ilmu dan pengetahuan yang bermanfaat dari peneliti selama masa perkuliahan. 6. Seluruh staff perpustakaan Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta yang telah membantu peneliti dalam urusan referensi buku-buku dan jurnal selama masa perkuliahan. 7. Seluruh staff dan karyawan Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunkasi yang telah membantu peneliti dalam urusan administrasi selama masa perkuliahan. 8. Kedua Orang Tua Peneliti, Ibunda Yuliani Purnamawati dan Ayahanda Haryana Razwin Ishaya, serta kakak dan adik yang telah memberikan bantuan baik materil maupun moril, serta segala doa yang dipanjatkan untuk peneliti. 9. Sahabat peneliti, Rista Dwi Septiani, Deby Novia, Hana Futari, Nuzulul Fitriani Alifta, Indah Yuni Permata, Khomisah Sya’baniah, Sindi Patika Sari, dan Dhio Prastyo yang telah sabar mendengar keluh kesah peneliti, iii memberikan motivasi, ilmu, pengalaman, dan mendoakan peneliti. Semoga kita tetap mejaga silaturahmi. 10. Teman-teman Jurnalistik Angkatan 2012 yang telah berjuang bersama- sama untuk mencapai gelar sarjana dan telah berbagi suka duka, pelajaran, pertemanan, dan pengalaman semasa perkuliahan. 11. Teman-teman KKN Wanasatya 2015 yang saling membantu menyelesaikan kewajiban bersama selama sebulan, sehingga mempermudah pembuatan skripsi ini. Kalian telah memberikan pengalaman berharga selama KKN berlangsung. 12. Kepada semua pihak yang telah memberikan kontribusi terhadap penyelesaian skripsi ini. Peneliti tidak bisa menyebutkan satu persatu. Jazakumullah Khairan Jaza, tidak ada sebaik-baik balasan kecuali dari Allah SWT. Peneliti menyadari skripsi ini belum mencapai kesempurnaan, namun peneliti berusaha untuk mencapai kesempurnaan tersebut. Semoga skripsi ini bermanfaat untuk semua pihak, khususnya mahasiswa konsentrasi Jurnalistik Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Tangerang, April 2017 Peneliti iv DAFTAR ISI ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ i KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... ii DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... v DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................
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