DOCSLIB.ORG

'Onipa'a Ka 'Oiato Hearing Voices: Long Ignored

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
'Onipa'a Ka 'Oiato Hearing Voices: Long Ignored 'ONIPA'A KA 'OIATO HEARING VOICES: LONG IGNORED INDIGENOUS-LANGUAGE TESTIMONY CHALLENGES THE CURRENT HISTORIOGRAPHY OF HAWAI'I NEI A THESIS SUBMmED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OFTHE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN PACIFIC ISLAND STUDIES MAY 2008 By Ronald Clayton Williams Jr. Thesis Committee: Jonathan Kay Kamakawiwo'ole Osorio, Chairperson David Hanlon Kanalu Young We certify that we have read this thesis and that, in our opinion, it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a thesis for the degree of Master of Arts in Pacific Island Studies. THESIS COMMmEE Chairperson ii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to all those kUpuna who continued, through everything, to tell their stories. May we be wise enough to take the time to listen. I ka wii mamua, ka wii mahope. III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Throughout this work I have been assisted, supported and loved by wonderful kopuna, kumu, colleagues and friends. Without the help of some, the work could not have been done. I start by thanking those whose voices led me here, the kopuna who wrote of their lives and told stories for us to hear. I thank Akoni Akana, for years ago letting a niele haole boy hang around and bug him for stories. I thank my first kumu, KI'ope Raymond, for helping a passion grow and for teaching me to slow down and listen. I am so grateful to Mehana Hind and all those at Kamakakookalani for welcoming me from the first moment on and for supporting me on what became a very bumpy ride. I wish to thank my thesis committee for their guidance. Any 'ike I might have gained has a genealogy. Mahalo nO to my kumu Haunani­ Kay Trask, Lilikali! Kame'eleihiwa, Jonathan K. Osorio, Kanalu Young, David Hanlon, Carlos Andmde, John Charlot and Karen Kosasa. Thanks also to my kumu Puakea Nogelmeier, whose dissertation gave foundation too much of my work. I am specifically indebted for much of the inspimtion on this thesis to Noenoe Silva. Her work, her teaching and her support were and are invaluable. The amazing and patient staffs of the archives around the islands were a tremendous help. Thank you so much Leah CaIdeim, Desoto Brown, B. J. Short, Barbam Dunn and others. A huge thanks to the great staff at the Hawaiian Pacific Floor at Hamilton Libmry, U .H. Milnoa. How many thousands of times did I come sit and ask some odd question? Nearly every time I got a helpful answer. You are all so good at what iv you do. Mahalo noho'i Joan Hori. Dore Minatodani. Stu Dawrs. Lynette Furuhashi. Karen Peacock. and Krissy Kahikina. Lastly I'd like to thank the person who is perhaps more than anyone responsible for me accomplishing this goal. Donna (Lanakila) Willard. I cannot explain the importance of the things you've shared with me. Your wise spiritual and loving guidance reminds me what this is all about. You always say just what I need to hear. Most importantly. you were perhaps the only one who never doubted I could do this. you were right. v ABSTRACf Defining this work can be best accomplished by starting with what it isn't. This is not simply a work of revisionist history. It is not merely the "other side of the story." Those things are merely answers; replies to certain histories that often devolve into "you say, I say" debates that seek to call forth choirs on each side eager to be preached to. It is not a "balancing of the scales," a "righting of a wrong" or any other work dependant on the present master process. While it does critique the previously dominant way of presenting Hawaiian history, it is at its core an attempt to highlight Hawaiian voices that have been demanding to be heard. I believe that giving platform to the Hawaiian­ language archive disables the exclusionary historiography that has demanded that we speak for those who have themselves already spoken. I do however question the dominant historiography; the foundation upon which these earlier histories are allowed to be produced. That platform is uneven, skewed. It is foundationally unsound and no amount of tinkering is going to set it right. It needs to be discarded. The national narrative that is Hawai'i has previously relied on haole sources while overtly excluding Native ones. For much of its production the lie was told that these Native sources just simply didn't exist in significant number. When the existence of a vast collection of primary source material in the Indigenous language was highlighted, the exclusionary practice rested on a new principle; the Native was not competent to record her / his own history. Over the last three-plus decades, a growing number of Native Hawaiian scholars that includes Jonothan Kamakawiwo'ole Osorio, Haunani-Kay Trask, Lilikalll. Kame'eleihiwa, Noenoe Silva, Carlos Andrade, Davianna McGregor and vi many others have begun to change that dynamic by making their voices heard on a wide variety of topics including the history of their kopuna. Students are graduating from Hawaiian Studies and Hawaiian-language programs in an ever-increasing number. The Kamakakookalani Center for Hawaiian Studies has begun a Masters program in Hawaiian Studies and is looking ahead towards producing Ph.D. gradutes. Just this recent school year the Hawaiian Studies, Hawaiian Language and Klinewai Lo'i programs came together to create their own college, Hawai'inuillkea School of Hawaiian Knowledge. There is much to be excited about. The main focus of this thesis however, is not the producers of history but rather the process. Its focus is not historians but instead. historiography. I contend that a long developed historiography, based on English-language sources continues to be the foundation for much of what we are still using and producing. My 2003 undergraduate course entitled History ofHawai'i was taught using Gawan Daws' Shoal of Time (a problematic book critiqued later in this thesis) as its text. The course, History 284, is taught with this source today. The biographies of Hawaiian-historical figures that are the basis for student and community research are almost solely derived from English­ language sources. These resources continue to form a significat portion of our new work. This argument is furthered by the understanding that history is, by far, not only produced in the halls of academia. Consumers of history today get their product from magazine articles, television and film. museum and historical place tours, the internet and many other places. Very little of this history is sourced with a historiography that is inclusive of the vast archive that exists in Hawaiian language. This thesis seeks to make blatant the repercussions of ignoring that archive and ask why it is still allowed to vii happen. It will show that within the prolific archive of Hawaiian-language material is testimony that contradicts long-held understandings of certain events. It will use two case studies. One of these describes an event from the late-nineteenth century and follows a trail of exclusion and preferenced voice that results in a universally accepted false history of that event. A second modern example of exclusion details how the process that was built and supported in the past has given us a faulty historiography that continues to be used to produce exclusionary histories that very much affect our present. Note on orthography: In this text I follow commonly accepted modern use of diacritical marks in Hawaiian words and names except in quoting original sources that did not contain them and in the case of showing respect to Mrs. Mary Kawenaulaokalaniahiiakaikapoliopelekawahineaihonua Pukui who made known the preference that her name be written without them. Note on translation: All translations within this thesis are mine except within the "Mele / Oli" section of the Survey of Archive where I have left intact the translations within the archive file: translator as noted. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................i v Abstract............................................................................................................................... vi List of Figures ....................................................................................................................xii Preface ............................................................................................................................ xiii Chapter I: What's Missing? Survey of Archive .................................................. .1 A. NOpepa 'Olelo Hawai·i ...................................................................................... .3 Appropriation of the New Technology ....................................................... 5 A Change in Representation ........................................................................8 Alternate Hawaiian-Language View ...........................................................9 Summary of Examples from the Hawaiian-Language Newspapers .........12 Examples ............................................................................ 13 B. Leka 'Olelo Hawai·i .......................................................................................... 14 Kapi'olani-Kalaniana'ole Collection ......................................................... 15 Henriques Collection ................................................................................. 16 LiIi'uokalani Manuscript Collection .......................................................... 17 Leka 'Olelo Hawai'i mai nii Kiihuna Kalikiano ................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Regional Concerns During the Age of Imperialism. Marshall E
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1995 The outhS and American Foreign Policy, 1894-1904: Regional Concerns During the Age of Imperialism. Marshall E. Schott Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Schott, Marshall E., "The outhS and American Foreign Policy, 1894-1904: Regional Concerns During the Age of Imperialism." (1995). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 6134. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/6134 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master.UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
    [Show full text]
  • ©2013 Luis-Alejandro Dinnella-Borrego ALL RIGHTS
    ©2013 Luis-Alejandro Dinnella-Borrego ALL RIGHTS RESERVED “THAT OUR GOVERNMENT MAY STAND”: AFRICAN AMERICAN POLITICS IN THE POSTBELLUM SOUTH, 1865-1901 By LUIS-ALEJANDRO DINNELLA-BORREGO A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in History written under the direction of Mia Bay and Ann Fabian and approved by ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey May 2013 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION “That Our Government May Stand”: African American Politics in the Postbellum South, 1865-1913 by LUIS-ALEJANDRO DINNELLA-BORREGO Dissertation Director: Mia Bay and Ann Fabian This dissertation provides a fresh examination of black politics in the post-Civil War South by focusing on the careers of six black congressmen after the Civil War: John Mercer Langston of Virginia, James Thomas Rapier of Alabama, Robert Smalls of South Carolina, John Roy Lynch of Mississippi, Josiah Thomas Walls of Florida, and George Henry White of North Carolina. It examines the career trajectories, rhetoric, and policy agendas of these congressmen in order to determine how effectively they represented the wants and needs of the black electorate. The dissertation argues that black congressmen effectively represented and articulated the interests of their constituents. They did so by embracing a policy agenda favoring strong civil rights protections and encompassing a broad vision of economic modernization and expanded access for education. Furthermore, black congressmen embraced their role as national leaders and as spokesmen not only for their congressional districts and states, but for all African Americans throughout the South.
    [Show full text]
  • Essays on the Persecution of Religious Minorities by David Thomas Smith
    Essays on the Persecution of Religious Minorities by David Thomas Smith A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Political Science) in the University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor William R. Clark, co-chair Professor Anna M. Grzymala-Busse, co-chair Professor Robert J. Franzese, Jr. Professor Andrei S. Markovits Professor Robert W. Mickey i Acknowledgements Throughout the last six and a half years I have benefited enormously from the mentorship and friendship of my wonderful dissertation committee members: Bill Clark, Anna Grzymala-Busse, Andy Markovits, Rob Mickey and Rob Franzese. I assembled this committee before I even knew what I wanted to write about, and I made the right choices—I cannot imagine a more supportive, patient and insightful group of advisers. They gave me badly-needed discipline when I needed it (which was all the time) and oversaw numerous episodes of Schumpeterian “creative destruction.” They also gave me more ideas than I could ever hope to assimilate, ideas which will be providing me with directions for future research for many years to come. But these huge contributions are minor in comparison to the fact that they taught me how to think like a political scientist. I couldn’t ask for anything more. All of these papers had trial runs in various internal workshops and seminars at the University of Michigan, and I profited greatly from the structured feedback that I received from the Michigan political science community, faculty and grad students alike. Thanks to everyone who was a discussant for one of these papers—Zvi Gitelman, Chuck Shipan, Sana Jaffrey, Cassie Grafstrom (twice!), Ron Inglehart, Ken Kollman, Allison Dale, Pam Brandwein, Andrea Jones-Rooy, Rob Salmond and Jenna Bednar.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Studies
    201 OAlabama Course of Study SOCIAL STUDIES Joseph B. Morton, State Superintendent of Education • Alabama State Department of Education For information regarding the Alabama Course of Study: Social Studies and other curriculum materials, contact the Curriculum and Instruction Section, Alabama Department of Education, 3345 Gordon Persons Building, 50 North Ripley Street, Montgomery, Alabama 36104; or by mail to P.O. Box 302101, Montgomery, Alabama 36130-2101; or by telephone at (334) 242-8059. Joseph B. Morton, State Superintendent of Education Alabama Department of Education It is the official policy of the Alabama Department of Education that no person in Alabama shall, on the grounds of race, color, disability, sex, religion, national origin, or age, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program, activity, or employment. Alabama Course of Study Social Studies Joseph B. Morton State Superintendent of Education ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION STATE SUPERINTENDENT MEMBERS OF EDUCATION’S MESSAGE of the ALABAMA STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION Dear Educator: Governor Bob Riley The 2010 Alabama Course of Study: Social President Studies provides Alabama students and teachers with a curriculum that contains content designed to promote competence in the areas of ----District economics, geography, history, and civics and government. With an emphasis on responsible I Randy McKinney citizenship, these content areas serve as the four Vice President organizational strands for the Grades K-12 social studies program. Content in this II Betty Peters document focuses on enabling students to become literate, analytical thinkers capable of III Stephanie W. Bell making informed decisions about the world and its people while also preparing them to IV Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Pastoral Letter ‘Aukake 2016 August 2016
    GLAD TIDINGS Nu ‘Oli Pastoral Letter ‘Aukake 2016 August 2016 Nu ‘Oli / Glad Tidings Kahu Dennis v m WAIOLA CHURCH Members and Friends of Waiola UCC: Aloha Mai; Aloha Aku (United Church of Christ) Congregations, like most other organizations and families, do best when communication is prompt, accurate, focused, and useful. Transparency is crucial 535 Wainee Street to trust within the church, and regular communication is crucial to the endeavor. Lahaina, HI 96761 So it is that we have begun a monthly printed newsletter. Phone/ Fax: 808.661.4349 Facebook and the Waiola web page are of similar importance. It is my goal to see [email protected] that each is both current and inviting. In my experience, seekers find information these days by a group’s “web presence.” The website offers useful historical and logistical information; Facebook provides a day-to-day perspective, as we can post Interim Minister: the Stillspeaking Devotional and up-to-the-minute reminders for interested Kahu Dennis Alger persons. Through these forms of communication, as well as through Sunday reflections, you are able to get an idea about me and what I am up to in our sojourn together. Lay Minister: As a reminder, the kuleana of an interim minister is to build relationships (trust), Kahu Anela Rosa ask a lot of questions (learn from you), offer encouragement (speak and act on your truth), assist in clarifying complicated matters (find a particular tree in the forest), provide feedback (challenge and console), point to your desired future Moderator: (through Profile development and search for your next kahu), and keep a sense of Grale Lorenzo-Chong humor.
    [Show full text]
  • (Letters from California, the Foreign Land) Kānaka Hawai'i Agency A
    He Mau Palapala Mai Kalipōnia Mai, Ka ʻĀina Malihini (Letters from California, the Foreign Land) Kānaka Hawai’i Agency and Identity in the Eastern Pacific (1820-1900) By April L. Farnham A thesis submitted to Sonoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in History Committee Members: Dr. Michelle Jolly, Chair Dr. Margaret Purser Dr. Robert Chase Date: December 13, 2019 i Copyright 2019 By April L. Farnham ii Authorization for Reproduction of Master’s Thesis Permission to reproduce this thesis in its entirety must be obtained from me. Date: December 13, 2019 April L. Farnham Signature iii He Mau Palapala Mai Kalipōnia Mai, Ka ʻĀina Malihini (Letters from California, the Foreign Land) Kānaka Hawai’i Agency and Identity in the Eastern Pacific (1820-1900) Thesis by April L. Farnham ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis is to explore the ways in which working-class Kānaka Hawai’i (Hawaiian) immigrants in the nineteenth century repurposed and repackaged precontact Hawai’i strategies of accommodation and resistance in their migration towards North America and particularly within California. The arrival of European naturalists, American missionaries, and foreign merchants in the Hawaiian Islands is frequently attributed for triggering this diaspora. However, little has been written about why Hawaiian immigrants themselves chose to migrate eastward across the Pacific or their reasons for permanent settlement in California. Like the ali’i on the Islands, Hawaiian commoners in the diaspora exercised agency in their accommodation and resistance to Pacific imperialism and colonialism as well. Blending labor history, religious history, and anthropology, this thesis adopts an interdisciplinary and ethnohistorical approach that utilizes Hawaiian-language newspapers, American missionary letters, and oral histories from California’s indigenous peoples.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 the Eugene D. Genovese and Elizabeth Fox-Genovese Library
    The Eugene D. Genovese and Elizabeth Fox-Genovese Library Bibliography: with Annotations on marginalia, and condition. Compiled by Christian Goodwillie, 2017. Coastal Affair. Chapel Hill, NC: Institute for Southern Studies, 1982. Common Knowledge. Duke Univ. Press. Holdings: vol. 14, no. 1 (Winter 2008). Contains: "Elizabeth Fox-Genovese: First and Lasting Impressions" by Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham. Confederate Veteran Magazine. Harrisburg, PA: National Historical Society. Holdings: vol. 1, 1893 only. Continuity: A Journal of History. (1980-2003). Holdings: Number Nine, Fall, 1984, "Recovering Southern History." DeBow's Review and Industrial Resources, Statistics, etc. (1853-1864). Holdings: Volume 26 (1859), 28 (1860). Both volumes: Front flyleaf: Notes OK Both volumes badly water damaged, replace. Encyclopedia of Southern Baptists. Nashville: Broadman Press, 1958. Volumes 1 through 4: Front flyleaf: Notes OK Volume 2 Text block: scattered markings. Entrepasados: Revista De Historia. (1991-2012). 1 Holdings: number 8. Includes:"Entrevista a Eugene Genovese." Explorations in Economic History. (1969). Holdings: Vol. 4, no. 5 (October 1975). Contains three articles on slavery: Richard Sutch, "The Treatment Received by American Slaves: A Critical Review of the Evidence Presented in Time on the Cross"; Gavin Wright, "Slavery and the Cotton Boom"; and Richard K. Vedder, "The Slave Exploitation (Expropriation) Rate." Text block: scattered markings. Explorations in Economic History. Academic Press. Holdings: vol. 13, no. 1 (January 1976). Five Black Lives; the Autobiographies of Venture Smith, James Mars, William Grimes, the Rev. G.W. Offley, [and] James L. Smith. Documents of Black Connecticut; Variation: Documents of Black Connecticut. 1st ed. ed. Middletown: Conn., Wesleyan University Press, 1971. Badly water damaged, replace.
    [Show full text]
  • The Vice President in the U.S. Senate: Examining the Consequences of Institutional Design
    The Vice President in the U.S. Senate: Examining the Consequences of Institutional Design. Michael S. Lynch Tony Madonna Asssistant Professor Assistant Professor University of Kansas University of Georgia [email protected] [email protected] January 25, 2010∗ ∗The authors would like to thank Scott H. Ainsworth, Stanley Bach, Ryan Bakker, Sarah A. Binder, Jamie L. Carson, Michael H. Crespin, Keith L. Dougherty, Trey Hood, Andrew Martin, Ryan J. Owens and Steven S. Smith for comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Madonna also thanks the University of Georgia American Political Development working group for support and comments, and Rachel Snyder for helpful research assistance. All errors remain the authors. Abstract The constitutional designation of the vice president as the president of the United States Senate is a unique feature of the chamber. It places control over the Senate's rules and precedents under an individual who is not elected by the chamber and receives no direct benefits from the maintenance of its institutions. We argue that this feature of the Senate has played an important, recurring role in its development. The vice president has frequently acted in a manner that conflicted with the wishes chamber majorities. Consequently, the Senate has developed rules and precedents that insulate the chamber from its presiding officer. These actions have made the Senate a less efficient chamber, but have largely freed it from the potential influence of the executive branch. We examine these arguments using a mix of historical and contemporary case studies, as well as empirical data on contentious rulings on questions of order.
    [Show full text]
  • Honolulu Advertiser & Star-Bulletin Obituaries January 1
    Honolulu Advertiser & Star-Bulletin Obituaries January 1 - December 31, 2004 K ANNIE "TAXI ANNIE" AKI KA, 78, of Kailua, Hawai'i, died Aug. 12, 2004. Born in Honaunau, Hawai'i. A professional lei maker, lei wholesaler, and professional hula dancer; member of 'Ahahui Ka'ahumanu O Kona (Ka'ahumanu Society, Kona); owner of Triple K Taxi Service; longtime Jack's Tours and Taxi Service employee; owner of a bicycle rental business, and Kona Inn Hotel bartender. Survived by sons, Joseph Sr., Harry and Jonathan; daughters, Annie Leong and Lorraine Wahinekapu; 13 grandchildren; 17 great-grandchildren; brothers, Archie, Ernest and Walter Aki; sisters, Lillian Hose, Dolly Salas and Elizabeth Aki. Visitation 8:30 to 10 a.m. Saturday at Lanakila Church, Kainaliu, Hawai'i; memorial service 10 a.m.; burial of urn to follow in church cemetery. No flowers; monetary donations accepted. Casual attire. Arrangements by Dodo Mortuary, Kona, Hawai'i. [Adv Aug 24, 2004] MYRTLE KAPEAOKAMOKU KAAA, 75, of Hilo, Hawai'i, died April 18, 2004. Born in Kapapala, Ka'u, Hawai'i. A homemaker. Survived by husband, William Jr.; sons, Kyle and Kelsey; daughter, Kawehi Walters and Kimelia Ishibashi; sister, Iris Boshard; 15 grandchildren; five great- grandchildren. Visitation 10 a.m. to noon Saturday at Haili Congregational Church; service noon; burial to follow at Hawai'i Veterans Cemetery No. 2. Aloha attire. Arrangements by Dodo Mortuary, Hilo. [Adv 27/04/2004] WILLIAM KELEKINO "JUNIOR" KAAE, 72, of Kane'ohe, died Jan. 17, 2004. Born in Honolulu. Spats nightclub employee; and a Waikiki beachboy. Survived by wife, Georgette; daughters, Danell Soares-Haae, Teresa Marshall and Kuulei; sons, Leonard, Dudley, Joe and Everett; brothers, George, Naleo and Leonard Kaae, and Nick and Sherman Tenn; sisters, Rose Gelter, Ethel Hanley and Wanda Naweli; 18 grandchildren; three great-grandchildren.
    [Show full text]
  • APUS Commencement Program 2020
    COMMENCEMENT 2020 CONGRATULATIONSto the Class of 2020! You have successfully completed the requirements of your respective degree programs and now join the ranks of over 93,000 other American Military University (AMU) and American Public University (APU) alumni. You should be very proud of this accomplishment! This year’s graduating class comprises more than 11,000 graduates. The paths that each of you took to reach this accomplishment are quite diferent. Many of you studied while serving our country, domestically and abroad. Some of you studied between shifs at your local fre and rescue departments. Others studied while at home, raising your families and/or working full-time. Regardless of the route you took, you persevered; you earned your degree. At American Public University System (APUS), we appreciate your trust in us to provide you with a quality education relevant to your careers and lives afer graduation. With feedback from each of you during your time spent as students, we have been able to continuously improve our courses, programs, processes, and practices. From our beginnings nearly 30 years ago when we ofered a single master’s degree to today where we ofer more than 200 associate, bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees, our decisions resulted from listening to you, our students and alumni. We understand the challenges of balancing work, family, and college and are aware of the sacrifces made in order to reach your academic goal. Cherish this moment and celebrate this occasion with your family, friends, and classmates. Recognize your achievement for the major milestone this accomplishment represents.
    [Show full text]
  • To Enlarge the Machinery of Government Hoffer, Williamjames Hull
    To Enlarge the Machinery of Government Hoffer, Williamjames Hull Published by Johns Hopkins University Press Hoffer, Williamjames Hull. To Enlarge the Machinery of Government: Congressional Debates and the Growth of the American State, 1858–1891. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007. Project MUSE. doi:10.1353/book.3490. https://muse.jhu.edu/. For additional information about this book https://muse.jhu.edu/book/3490 [ Access provided at 25 Sep 2021 08:37 GMT with no institutional affiliation ] This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To Enlarge the Machinery of Government Reconfiguring American Political History Ronald P. Formisano, Paul Bourke, Donald DeBats, and Paula M. Baker Series Founders To Enlarge the Machinery of Government Congressional Debates and the Growth of the American State, 1858–1891 Williamjames Hull Hoffer The Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore © 2007 The Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2007 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 987654321 The Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363 www.press.jhu.edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hoffer, Williamjames Hull. To enlarge the machinery of government : congressional debates and the growth of the American state, 1858–1891 / Williamjames Hull Hoffer. p. cm. — (Reconfiguring American political history) Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn-13: 978-0-8018-8655-3 (hardcover : alk. paper) isbn-10: 0-8018-8655-4 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. United States—Politics and government—19th century. 2. Federal government—United States. 3. United States. Congress. 4. Debates and debating—United States.
    [Show full text]
  • The Negro Worker in the Progressive Imagination
    “To Make the Negro Anew:” The African American Worker in the Progressive Imagination, 1896-1928 by Paul Raymond Din Lawrie A Thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Graduate Department of History, in the University of Toronto ©Copyright by Paul R.D. Lawrie, 2011 Abstract “To Make the Negro Anew”: The African American Worker in the Progressive Imagination, 1896-1928 Paul Raymond Din Lawrie Doctor of Philosophy University of Toronto, Department of History 2011 This dissertation examines how progressive era social scientists thought about African American workers and their place in the nation‘s industrial past, present, and future. Turn of the century racial thought held that certain peoples were naturally equipped to perform certain forms of labor. African Americans were confined to, or excluded from, certain industrial spaces on the pretext that they were congenitally unfit for the rigors of modern industrial life. Elites argued that freed from the protective embrace of slavery African Americans were doomed to degeneration. However, the imperatives of industrialization, migration, and world war soon required new forms of racial labor evaluation and hierarchies. Despite their differences, observers across the color line drew on a common discourse of industrial evolution that linked racial development with labor fitness. Evolutionary science merged with scientific management to create new taxonomies of racial labor fitness. I chart this process from turn of the century actuarial science which defined African Americans as a dying race, to wartime mental and physical testing that acknowledged the Negro as a vital -albeit inferior- part of the nation‘s industrial workforce.
    [Show full text]