DOCSLIB.ORG

Jet Physics at High Energy Colliders

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Jet Physics at High Energy Colliders The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Chien, Yang-Ting. 2013. Jet Physics at High Energy Colliders. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11181071 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Jet Physics at High Energy Colliders A dissertation presented by Yang-Ting Chien to The Physics Department in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Physics Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts May 2013 c 2013 - Yang-Ting Chien All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Professor Matthew Schwartz Yang-Ting Chien Jet Physics at High Energy Colliders Abstract The future of new physics searches at the LHC will be to look for hadronic signals with jets. In order to distinguish a hadronic signal from its background, it is important to develop advanced collider physics techniques that make accurate theoretical predictions. This work centers on phenomenological and formal studies of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), including resummation of hadronic observables using Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET), calculating anomalous dimensions of multi-Wilson line operators in AdS, and improving jet physics analysis using multiple event interpretations. Hadronic observables usually involve physics at different energy scales, and the calculations depend on large logarithms of the energy ratios. We can prove factorization theorems of observ- ables and resum large logarithms using renormalization-group techniques. The heavy jet mass distribution for e+e− collisions is calculated at next-to-next-to-next-to leading logarithmic order (N3LL), and we measure the strong coupling constant at 0.3% accuracy. We also calculate the jet-mass distribution at partial N2LL in γ + jet events at the LHC. The effect of non-global logarithms in resummation estimated, and it is significant only at the peak region. Soft QCD interactions among jets can be described by multi-Wilson line operators, with each Wilson line pointing along one of the jet directions. The anomalous dimensions of these operators are key for higher-order resummation. We study these operators using radial quanti- zation and conformal gauge, which leads to a drastic simplification of the two-loop anomalous dimension calculation. We also find that the anomalous dimension calculation is closely related to a corresponding Witten diagram calculation. Jets are complicated objects to identify in high energy collider experiments. A single inter- pretation of each event can only extract a limited amount of information. We propose telescoping jet algorithms which give multiple event interpretations by varying the parameter R in the jet definition. We can redefine the weight of each event in a counting experiment to be the fraction of interpretations passing the experimental cuts, and we get a 46% improvement in the statistical significance for the Higgs search with an associated Z boson at the 8 TeV LHC. iii Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Precision Jet Physics using Effective Field Theory 6 2.1 Resummation of Heavy Jet Mass and Comparison to LEP Data .... 6 2.1.1 ThrustandHeavyJetMassinSCET . 8 2.1.2 Hemisphere Soft Function and Comparison to Fixed Order ........ 12 2.1.3 αs extractionanderroranalysis . 21 2.1.4 Non-perturbative effects and quark mass corrections . .......... 27 2.1.5 Conclusions .................................. 32 2.2 Resummation of Jet Mass at Hadron Colliders ............... 39 2.2.1 KinematicsandtheObservable . .... 42 HadronicandPartonicKinematics . 42 Theobservable ................................. 44 2.2.2 Differential Cross Sections and Factorization Theorem ........... 47 Factorization of the partonic cross section . ..... 48 One-loopsoftfunction . 51 2.2.3 Refactorization of the Soft Function . ....... 55 ComparingwithpQCDresult. 58 2.2.4 ScaleChoices .................................. 59 2.2.5 Results ..................................... 62 2.2.6 The Role of Non-Global Logarithms . .... 64 2.2.7 Conclusions................................... 69 3 Jet Physics from Static Charges in AdS 72 3.1 ConformalCoordinates. ..... 81 3.2 ClassicalAdSenergies . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..... 85 3.3 One-loopresults ................................. 90 3.4 Lightlikelimit.................................. .... 91 3.5 Conformalgauges................................. 95 3.5.1 Derivation of Conformal Gauge in d-dimensions. 97 3.5.2 Comparisontoradialgauge . 100 iv 3.6 ThreeWilsonLinesatTwo-Loops . ..... 101 3.7 Relation to Witten Diagrams in the Lightlike Limit . ............ 106 3.8 Conclusions ..................................... 108 4 Telescoping Jets: Multiple Event Interpretations with Multiple R’s 110 4.1 JetClusteringAlgorithms . ...... 110 4.2 Jet Algorithms with Multiple R’s........................... 112 4.3 AlgorithmandAnalysis . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... 114 4.4 Results......................................... 116 A heavy jet mass 118 A.1 Softfunction .................................... 118 A.2 Expandedsoftfunction . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... 120 A.3 Singular terms in the heavy jet mass distribution . ............ 121 A.4 Gij expansion...................................... 122 B conformal gauge 124 B.1 GeneralClassofConformalGauges. ....... 124 B.2 GhostsinConformalGauge . .... 126 References 128 v List of Figures 2.1 Comparison of the full fixed-order calculations and expanded SCET at NLO for heavyjetmassdistribution. .... 15 2.2 Extraction of the two-loop constants in the hemisphere softfunction. 15 2.3 Comparison of the full NNLO heavy jet mass distribution and the singular terms. 17 2.4 Difference between the full NNLO heavy jet mass distribution and the singular terms. .......................................... 18 2.5 Relative error for best fit to aleph heavy jet mass data at 91.2 GeV. 22 2.6 Convergence of resummed and fixed-order heavy jet mass distributions. 23 2.7 Perturbative uncertainty of the heavy jet mass distribution at Q = 91.2 GeV. 24 2.8 Best fit values for αs(mZ). .............................. 26 2.9 Hadronization and mass corrections to the heavy jet mass distribution with pythia. 29 2.10 Contours of 2σ and 5σ confidence in the simultaneous fit of αs and a non- perturbative shift parameter ΛNP to the thrust and heavy jet mass aleph data. 31 2.11 Update of Figure 2.1 with cutoff y = 10−12 in B(ρ) from event 2......... 35 2.12 Update of Figure 2.2 with cutoff y = 10−12 in B(ρ) from event 2......... 36 −7 2.13 Update of Fig 2.3 with cutoff y0 = 10 in C(ρ). .................. 37 −7 2.14 Update of Fig 2.4 with cutoff y0 = 10 in C(ρ). .................. 38 2.15 Event topology of direct photon production. ............ 42 2.16 Kinematics of the hardest jet in events with a high pT photon. .. .. 46 2.17 Illustration of dynamical threshold enhancement. ............... 47 2.18 Diagrams that contribute to the one-loop soft function in direct photon production. 51 2.19 Renormalization-group evolution of the hard, jet and softfunctions. 60 2.20 NLO corrections of the hard, jet and soft functions to the jet mass distribution as a function of the renormalization scale. ........ 61 2.21 Jet and softin scales as a function of jet mass with two different cone sizes. 62 2.22 Comparison of the leading order jet mass distribution calculated with MCFM and the prediction from expanding the resummed result to leadingorder. .. 63 2.23 Comparison of the jet mass distributions with different orders of precision to pythia.......................................... 64 2.24 Scale uncertainties of the jet mass distribution for pT = 500 GeV and R = 0.5. 65 2.25 Scale uncertainties of the jet mass distribution for pT = 2 TeV and R = 0.4. 66 vi 2.26 Resummed NLL jet mass distribution for different cone sizes for pT = 500 GeV and 2 TeV compared to pythia. ........................... 67 2.27 Estimation of the effect of leading non-global log resummation. .. .. 69 3.1 Definitions for the cusp angles β12 and γ12. ..................... 77 3.2 A coordinate change maps Minkowski space to R AdS............... 80 × 3.3 In radial quantization, final state lines map to a copy of AdS3 at positive Minkowski times, while initial state lines map to a second copy of AdS3 at negative Minkowski times. .......................................... 84 3.4 The naive solution to Laplace’s equation on the Euclidean cylinder represents the potential in the presence of additional phantom charges. ........... 86 3.5 Electric field lines for two charges in flat space and in AdS. ............ 92 3.6 2-loop graphs contributing to the coefficient F (γij, γjk, γki) of the antisymmetric color structure in Γcusp(vi). .............................. 102 3.7 Dimensional reduction from R AdS to AdS and Witten diagrams. 106 × 4.1 Cartoon calorimeter plot distinguishing the width of the localized energy distri- bution of a jet from the parameter R in the anti-kT algorithm. 111 4.2 Two b jets with the same partonic kinematics but different widths. ....... 111 4.3 Invariant mass distribution of the two b jets for a ZH event with multiple inter- pretations using the telescoping jet algorithms. ........... 112 4.4 Signal and background mjj distributions reconstructed using the anti-kT algo- rithm with R=0.7,
Recommended publications
  • Jul/Aug 2013

    Jul/Aug 2013

    I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF H IGH -E NERGY P HYSICS CERNCOURIER WELCOME V OLUME 5 3 N UMBER 6 J ULY /A UGUST 2 0 1 3 CERN Courier – digital edition Welcome to the digital edition of the July/August 2013 issue of CERN Courier. This “double issue” provides plenty to read during what is for many people the holiday season. The feature articles illustrate well the breadth of modern IceCube brings particle physics – from the Standard Model, which is still being tested in the analysis of data from Fermilab’s Tevatron, to the tantalizing hints of news from the deep extraterrestrial neutrinos from the IceCube Observatory at the South Pole. A connection of a different kind between space and particle physics emerges in the interview with the astronaut who started his postgraduate life at CERN, while connections between particle physics and everyday life come into focus in the application of particle detectors to the diagnosis of breast cancer. And if this is not enough, take a look at Summer Bookshelf, with its selection of suggestions for more relaxed reading. To sign up to the new issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/sign-up. To subscribe to the magazine, the e-mail new-issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/how-to-subscribe. ISOLDE OUTREACH TEVATRON From new magic LHC tourist trail to the rarest of gets off to a LEGACY EDITOR: CHRISTINE SUTTON, CERN elements great start Results continue DIGITAL EDITION CREATED BY JESSE KARJALAINEN/IOP PUBLISHING, UK p6 p43 to excite p17 CERNCOURIER www.
  • Arxiv:2009.11310V2 [Hep-Ph] 30 Nov 2020 Contents

    Arxiv:2009.11310V2 [Hep-Ph] 30 Nov 2020 Contents

    Prepared for submission to JHEP IPPP/20/42 ZU-TH 17/20 CERN-TH-2020-160 Scale and isolation sensitivity of diphoton distributions at the LHC Thomas Gehrmann,a Nigel Glover,b Alexander Huss,b,c James Whiteheadb aPhysik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland bInstitute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK cTheoretical Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: Precision measurements of diphoton distributions at the LHC display some tension with theory predictions, obtained at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD. We revisit the theoretical uncertainties arising from the approximation of the experimental photon isolation by smooth-cone isolation, and from the choice of functional form for the renormalisation and factorisation scales. We find that the resulting variations are substantial overall, and enhanced in certain regions. We discuss the infrared sensitivity at the cone boundaries in cone-based isolation in related distributions. Finally, we compare predictions made with alternative choices of dynamical scale and isolation prescriptions to experimental data from ATLAS at 8 TeV, observing improved agreement. This contrasts with previous results, highlighting that scale choice and isolation prescription are potential sources of theoretical uncertainty that were previously underestimated. Keywords: QCD, Photon production,
  • High-Precision $\Alpha S $ Measurements from LHC to FCC-Ee

    High-Precision $\Alpha S $ Measurements from LHC to FCC-Ee

    CERN-PH-TH-2015-299, CoEPP-MN-15-13 High-precision αs measurements from LHC to FCC-ee Workshop Proceedings, CERN, Geneva, 12{13 October 2015 Editors David d'Enterria (CERN), Peter Z. Skands (Monash) Authors S. Alekhin (U. Hamburg), A. Banfi (U. Sussex), S. Bethke (MPI, M¨unchen), J. Bl¨umlein(DESY), K.G. Chetyrkin (KIT, Karlsruhe), D. d'Enterria (CERN), G. Dissertori (ETH Zurich), X. Garcia i Tormo (Bern), A. H. Hoang (U. Wien), M. Klasen (U. M¨unster), T. Klijnsma (ETH Zurich), S. Kluth (T.U. M¨unchen), J.-L. Kneur (U. Montpellier 2), B.A. Kniehl (U. Hamburg), D. W. Kolodrubetz (MIT), J. K¨uhn(KIT, Karlsruhe), P. Mackenzie (Fermilab), B. Malaescu (LPNHE, Paris), V. Mateu (U. Wien/U. A. Madrid), L. Mihaila (KIT, Karlsruhe), S. Moch (U. Hamburg), K. M¨onig(DESY), R. P´erez-Ramos(Paris), A. Pich (U. Val`encia),J. Pires (U. Milano/MPP Munich), K. Rabbertz (KIT, Karlsruhe), G. P. Salam (CERN), F. Sannino (CP3-Origins, Odense), J. Soto i Riera (U. Barcelona), M. Srebre (U. Ljubljana), I. W. Stewart (MIT) Abstract This document provides a writeup of all contributions to the workshop on \High precision measurements of αs: From LHC to FCC-ee" held at CERN, Oct. 12{13, 2015. The workshop explored in depth the latest developments on the determination of the QCD coupling αs from 15 methods where high precision measurements are (or will be) available. Those include low-energy observables: (i) lattice QCD, (ii) pion decay factor, (iii) quarkonia and (iv) τ decays, (v) soft parton-to-hadron fragmentation functions; as well as high-energy observables: (vi) global fits of parton distribution functions, (vii) hard parton-to-hadron fragmentation functions, (viii) jets in e±p DIS and γ-p photoproduction, (ix) photon structure function in γ-γ, (x) event shapes + and (xi) jet cross sections in e e− collisions, (xii) W boson and (xiii) Z boson decays, and (xiv) jets and (xv) top-quark cross sections in proton-(anti)proton collisions.
  • Membership of Sectional Committees 2015

    Membership of Sectional Committees 2015

    Membership of Sectional Committees 2015 The main responsibility of the Sectional Committees is to select a short list of candidates for consideration by Council for election to the Fellowship. The Committees meet twice a year, in January and March. SECTIONAL COMMITTEE 1 [1963] SECTIONAL COMMITTEE 3 [1963] Mathematics Chemistry Chair: Professor Keith Ball Chair: Professor Anthony Stace Members: Members: Professor Philip Candelas Professor Varinder Aggarwal Professor Ben Green Professor Harry Anderson Professor John Hinch Professor Steven Armes Professor Christopher Hull Professor Paul Attfield Professor Richard Kerswell Professor Shankar Balasubramanian Professor Chandrashekhar Khare Professor Philip Bartlett Professor Steffen Lauritzen Professor Geoffrey Cloke Professor David MacKay Professor Peter Edwards Professor Robert MacKay Professor Malcolm Levitt Professor James McKernan Professor John Maier Professor Michael Paterson Professor Stephen Mann Professor Mary Rees Professor David Manolopoulos Professor John Toland Professor Paul O’Brien Professor Srinivasa Varadhan Professor David Parker Professor Alex Wilkie Professor Stephen Withers SECTIONAL COMMITTEE 2 [1963] SECTIONAL COMMITTEE 4 [1990] Astronomy and physics Engineering Chair: Professor Simon White Chair: Professor Hywel Thomas Members: Members: Professor Girish Agarwal Professor Ross Anderson Professor Michael Coey Professor Alan Bundy Professor Jack Connor Professor Michael Burdekin Professor Laurence Eaves Professor Russell Cowburn Professor Nigel Glover Professor John Crowcroft
  • Di-Lepton Rapidity Distribution in Drell-Yan Production to Third Order in QCD

    Di-Lepton Rapidity Distribution in Drell-Yan Production to Third Order in QCD

    KA-TP-17-2021, ZU-TH 33/21, CERN-TH-2021-110, IPPP/21/13 Di-lepton Rapidity Distribution in Drell-Yan Production to Third Order in QCD Xuan Chen,1, 2, 3, ∗ Thomas Gehrmann,1, y Nigel Glover,4, z Alexander Huss,5, x Tong-Zhi Yang,1, { and Hua Xing Zhu6, ∗∗ 1Physik-Institut, Universit¨atZ¨urich,Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Z¨urich,Switzerland 2Institute for Theoretical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany 3Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany 4Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK 5Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland 6Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China We compute for the first time the lepton-pair rapidity distribution in the photon-mediated Drell- Yan process to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO) in QCD. The calculation is based on the qT -subtraction method, suitably extended to this order for quark-antiquark initiated Born processes. Our results display sizeable QCD corrections at N3LO over the full rapidity region and provide a fully independent confirmation of the recent results for the total Drell-Yan cross section at this order. INTRODUCTION dictions. For Higgs production, distributions that are fully differential in the decay products are now available at N3LO [21] using the analytic results for the inclusive Precision physics is becoming increasingly important cross section and rapidity distribution of the Higgs bo- for the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) physics pro- son at N3LO as input [22{24].
  • Arxiv:1903.12563V1 [Hep-Ph] 29 Mar 2019 Backgrounds to New Physics Searches

    Arxiv:1903.12563V1 [Hep-Ph] 29 Mar 2019 Backgrounds to New Physics Searches

    FERMILAB-PUB-19-100-T CERN-TH-2019-038 SLAC-PUB-17411 UWTHPH-2019-9 LAPTH-019/19 CFTP/19-006 ZU-TH 16/19 LU-TP-19-10 MCnet-19-06 IPPP/19/22 Jet cross sections at the LHC and the quest for higher precision Johannes Bellm,1 Andy Buckley,2 Xuan Chen,3 Aude Gehrmann-De Ridder,4, 3 Thomas Gehrmann,3 Nigel Glover,5 Alexander Huss,6 Joao Pires,7 Stefan H¨oche,8, 9 Joey Huston,10 Silvan Kuttimalai,8 Simon Pl¨atzer,11 and Emanuele Re6, 12 1Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden 2School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK 3Institut f¨urTheoretische Physik, Universit¨atZ¨urich,CH-8057 Z¨urich,Switzerland 4Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH, CH-8093 Z¨urich,Switzerland 5Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK 6Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland 7CFTP, Instituto Superior T´ecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, P-1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal 8SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA 9Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510-0500, USA 10Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA 11Fakult¨atPhysik, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria 12Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Th´eorique,Universit´eGrenoble Alpes, Universit´eSavoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74940 Annecy, France We perform a phenomenological study of Z plus jet, Higgs plus jet and di-jet production at the Large Hadron Collider. We investigate in particular the dependence of the leading jet cross section on the jet radius as a function of the jet transverse momentum.
  • Icecube Brings News from the Deep

    Icecube Brings News from the Deep

    I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF H IGH -E NERGY P HYSICS CERNCOURIER WELCOME V OLUME 5 3 N UMBER 6 J ULY /A UGUST 2 0 1 3 CERN Courier – digital edition Welcome to the digital edition of the July/August 2013 issue of CERN Courier. This “double issue” provides plenty to read during what is for many people the holiday season. The feature articles illustrate well the breadth of modern IceCube brings particle physics – from the Standard Model, which is still being tested in the analysis of data from Fermilab’s Tevatron, to the tantalizing hints of news from the deep extraterrestrial neutrinos from the IceCube Observatory at the South Pole. A connection of a different kind between space and particle physics emerges in the interview with the astronaut who started his postgraduate life at CERN, while connections between particle physics and everyday life come into focus in the application of particle detectors to the diagnosis of breast cancer. And if this is not enough, take a look at Summer Bookshelf, with its selection of suggestions for more relaxed reading. To sign up to the new issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/sign-up. To subscribe to the magazine, the e-mail new-issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/how-to-subscribe. ISOLDE OUTREACH TEVATRON From new magic LHC tourist trail to the rarest of gets off to a LEGACY EDITOR: CHRISTINE SUTTON, CERN elements great start Results continue DIGITAL EDITION CREATED BY JESSE KARJALAINEN/IOP PUBLISHING, UK p6 p43 to excite p17 CERNCOURIER www.
  • Renaissance for Hypernuclear Physics

    Renaissance for Hypernuclear Physics

    INTERNATIONACERL JOURNAL OF HIGH-ENERGNY PHYSIC S COURIER VOLUME 43 NUMBER 3 APRIL 2003 Renaissance for hypernuclear physics HERA CHINA QCD New polarization record p5 BEPCII approved p8 DESYTheory Workshop p24 /\J exans Switzerland : active in the cable business tor 125 years Thomas, Technical Department in Breitenbach, Rafael : Production Department in Cossonaysunuy, niyiiIngriud .: Communicatiov_ummumi~uiiuini L>>C|JUDepartmenI line t in Cortaillod, and their colleague^ues throughout Nexans Switzerland, are dedicated to manufacturing excellentntt cables. Their commitment and competence ensurem e effective transmissiomission of current and informationinformatic . i\e\>b^V- W# e V^ , afe0*est on-\^ \ e9 raoDt^ > a sheets \oo\. I Juexans Global expert in cables and cabling systems Nexans Suisse SA - 2, rue de la Fabrique - CH - 2016 Cortaillod - www.nexans.ch CONTENTS Covering current developments in high- energy physics and related fields worldwide CERN Courier (ISSN 0304-288X) is distributed to member state governments, institutes and laboratories affiliated with CERN, and to their personnel. It is published monthly, except for January and August, in English and French editions. The views expressed are not necessarily those of the CERN management. Editor Christine Sutton CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] Fax:+41 (22) 782 1906 Web: cerncourier.com COURIER Advisory Board R Landua (Chairman), P Sphicas, K Potter, E Lillest0l, C Detraz, H Hoffmann, R Bailey VOLUME 43 NUMBER 3 APRIL 2003 Laboratory correspondents:
  • Statement on the Research Excellence Framework Proposals

    Statement on the Research Excellence Framework Proposals

    Statement on the Research Excellence Framework proposals The latest proposal by the higher education funding councils is If implemented, these proposals risk undermining support for for 25% of the new Research Excellence Framework (REF) to basic research across all disciplines and may well lead to an be assessed according to 'economic and social impact'. As academic brain drain to countries such as the United States academics, researchers and higher education professionals we that continue to value fundamental research. believe that it is counterproductive to make funding for the best research conditional on its perceived economic and social Universities must continue to be spaces in which the spirit of benefits. adventure thrives and where researchers enjoy academic freedom to push back the boundaries of knowledge in their The REF proposals are founded on a lack of understanding of disciplines. how knowledge advances. It is often difficult to predict which research will create the greatest practical impact. History We, therefore, call on the UK funding councils to shows us that in many instances it is curiosity-driven research withdraw the current REF proposals and to work with that has led to major scientific and cultural advances. academics and researchers on creating a funding regime which supports and fosters basic research in our universities and colleges rather than discourages it. Signed: Name Institution Relevant titles/positions Sir Tim Hunt Cancer Research UK FRS, Nobel Laureate 2001 Professor John Dainton University of Liverpool Fellow of the Royal Society Fellow of the Institute of Physics Fellow of the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA) Name Institution Relevant titles/positions Professor Venki Ramakrishnan University of Cambridge FRS, Nobel Prize in Chemistry Professor Brian Josephson University of Cambridge Nobel Laureate in Physics Professor Harry Kroto The Florida State University FRS Professor Donald W Braben UCL Sir John Walker Medical Research Council and University of FRS, F.
  • Appendix A: Facilities

    Appendix A: Facilities

    Appendix A: Facilities We describe in more detail the facilities that are summarised in the main report. In each case we give a context for the facility, relevant facility details, a summary of the UK track record and expertise, the current UK involvement, future opportunities for the UK, and relevant milestones and/or decision points. A.1 Theoretical Particle Physics A.1.1 Formal Theory Context: Supersymmetry and string theory are widely considered to be most promising ingredients in finding a single consistent quantum theory of all four forces including gravity. The solution of this very long standing problem would represent one of the crowning achievements of human intellectual endeavour. While experiments directly probing the Planck scale, the scale at which the unification with gravity should occur, are far beyond reach, it is possible that there will be imprints at lower energies. Moreover, such fundamental research frequently leads to theoretical developments which have an enormous, but unexpected, impact on lower energy experiments. For example, the recent discovery of a duality between supersymmetric field theory and topological string theory has directly led to developments in phenomenology such as the computation of the W+3 jet rate at the LHC. Another example is that the famous AdS/CFT correspondence, which has transformed our theoretical understanding of the relationship between gravity and quantum field theory, can be successfully used to model the RHIC thermal plasma by studying black holes in anti-de-Sitter spacetimes. Furthermore, supersymmetry and extra dimensions provide the eagerly expected signatures of new physics at the LHC. Typical timescales for bringing new theoretical ideas to experimental realisation can be very long.
  • Cerncourier Www

    Cerncourier Www

    CERN Courier July/August 2013 CERN Courier July/August 2013 Faces & Places Faces & Places A WARDS A PPOINTMENTS Prize time at EPS-HEP 2013 Nigel Lockyer becomes director of Fermilab The ATLAS and CMS collaborations are among the winners of the 2013 European Physical Society High Energy Physics prizes. Physicist Nigel Lockyer, head of TRIUMF, Nigel Lockyer will be Fermilab’s next The High-Energy and Particle-Physics Canada’s national laboratory for particle director. (Image credit: TRIUMF.) Prize, for an outstanding contribution to and nuclear physics, will in September high-energy physics, is awarded to the become the sixth director of Fermi National two collaborations, “for the discovery Accelerator Laboratory. of a Higgs boson, as predicted by the Lockyer will be a familiar face to many. Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism”, and to He spent 22 years as a researcher on the CDF future of the fi eld looks to be very exciting; it Michel Della Negra, Peter Jenni and Tejinder experiment at Fermilab, starting in 1984. He is a great time to be a particle physicist.” Virdee, “for their pioneering and outstanding was co-spokesperson of the 600-member Lockyer is an accomplished physicist and leadership roles in the making of the ATLAS experiment from 2002 to 2004. leader. In 2006 he won the Panofsky Prize for and CMS experiments”. The Board of Directors of the Fermi measuring the lifetime of the bottom quark. The Young Experimental Physicist Research Alliance, which operates Fermilab During his time as director of TRIUMF, Prize for outstanding work by one or more for the US Department of Energy, offered starting in 2007, the laboratory opened new young physicists in the fi eld of particle Lockyer the top job at the conclusion of a facilities, developed new technology for physics and/or particle astrophysics also Left to right: EPS-HEP prize-winners Tejinder “Jim” Virdee and Michel Della Negra of nine-month, international search.
  • Trustees' Report and Financial Statements

    Trustees' Report and Financial Statements

    TRUSTEES’ REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1 Trustees’ report and financial statements For the year ended 31 March 2014 2 TRUSTEES’ REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Trustees Executive Director The Trustees of the Society are the Dr Julie Maxton members of its Council, who are elected Statutory Auditor by and from the Fellowship. Council is Deloitte LLP chaired by the President of the Society. Abbots House During 2013/14, the members of Council Abbey Street were as follows: Reading President RG1 3BD Sir Paul Nurse Bankers Treasurer The Royal Bank of Scotland Professor Anthony Cheetham 1 Princess Street London Biological Secretary EC2R 8BP Sir John Skehel** Dame Jean Thomas DBE* Investment Managers Rathbone Brothers PLC Physical Secretary 1 Curzon Street Sir John Pethica London Foreign Secretary W1J 5FB Professor Martyn Poliakoff CBE Internal Auditors PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Members of Council Cornwall Court Professor Gillian Bates * 19 Cornwall Street Sir John Beddington CMG Birmingham Professor Geoffrey Boulton OBE B3 2DT Professor Andrea Brand ** Dr Simon Campbell * Professor Michael Cates ** Professor John Collinge * Registered Charity Number 207043 Dame Athene Donald DBE Professor Carlos Frenk Registered address Dame Wendy Hall DBE ** 6 – 9 Carlton House Terrace Professor Alexander Halliday * London SW1Y 5AG Professor Judith Howard * Dame Frances Kirwan DBE royalsociety.org Professor Ottoline Leyser CBE Dr Robin Lovell-Badge * Professor Angela McLean ** Professor Georgina Mace CBE ** Professor Roger Owen Professor Timothy Pedley Dame Nancy Rothwell DBE ** Professor Nicholas Tonks * Professor John Wood * Up to 29 November 2013 ** From 29 November 2013 TRUSTEES’ REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 3 Contents President’s foreword ................................................................................................. 4 Executive Director’s report ........................................................................................