Proceedings of the XI International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds Quality and Other Forms of Predation (Wheeler & Center Than H

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Proceedings of the XI International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds Quality and Other Forms of Predation (Wheeler & Center Than H Hydrellia pakistanae and H. balciunasi, insect biological control agents of hydrilla: boon or bust? Michael J. Grodowitz,1 Michael Smart,2 Robert D. Doyle,3 Chetta S. Owens,2 Robin Bare,2 Christie Snell,2 Jan Freedman1 and Harvey Jones1 Summary Of four insect species released in North America for the management of hydrilla ( Hydrilla verticillata, Hydrocharitaceae), only the two leaf-mining flies Hydrellia pakistanae and H. balciunasi have become established. While the flies have exhibited impressive range extensions since their first release in 1987, populations at most sites have remained below what was considered damaging. Recently, modest to large increases in fly populations followed by hydrilla declines have been observed at several sites including Lake Seminole, Florida, Coleto Creek Reservoir, Texas, and Sheldon Reservoir, Texas, United States of America (USA). Long-term, large tank experimentation has shown that even modest levels of fly damage can significantly reduce hydrilla biomass (50%) and tuber numbers (25%), appar- ently by reducing photosynthesis and thereby decreasing plant vigour and production. Field studies have also substantiated these findings where lower numbers of tubers (60%) were observed at sites on Lake Seminole impacted by fly feeding. While more detailed field evaluations are needed, it appears that these agents have the potential to suppress hydrilla populations over the long term. However, a complex of factors can influence their effectiveness, including temperature, plant nutrition, especially protein levels, crowding and the presence of a capable pupal parasite. Further research is needed, including overseas work to identify additional agents and the implementation of new release programs. Based on field surveys, fly releases may increase the likelihood of impact since US release sites now have as much as seven-fold higher fly numbers and associated damage than non-release sites. Keywords: biological control, Hydrellia, Hydrilla verticillata. Introduction subsequently in Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia, Texas and California, United States of America (USA). Its Beginning in 1987, two species of leaf-mining flies in distribution has expanded considerably, now extending the family Ephydridae were introduced to North throughout the Florida peninsula, upwards into the America for the management of hydrilla (Hydrilla vert- Florida panhandle and Georgia, mainly on Lake Semi- icillata, Hydrocharitaceae) (Center et al. 1997, nole, north and west into Alabama, and throughout Grodowitz, et al. 1997). The first species, Hydrellia many locations in eastern and south-eastern Texas. pakistanae Deonier, was introduced into Florida and Direct impact to hydrilla by H. pakistanae has been observed at several locations mainly in northern Alabama, Texas, and Florida (Grodowitz et al. 1995, 1 US Army Engineers Research and Development Center (ERDC), Grodowitz et al. 1999, 2000b), but long-term moni- CEERD-EE-A, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. toring for impact has been limited. In many areas, intro- 2 US Army Engineers Research and Development Center (ERDC), duced Hydrellia spp. population levels and associated CEERD-EE-A, Lewisville Aquatic Ecology Research Facility, Lewis- damage have been low (Grodowitz 1999, Wheeler & ville, TX 75056 USA. 3 Baylor University, Department of Biology, Waco, TX 76798 USA. Center 2001). Unfortunately, factors accounting for Corresponding author: Michael J. Grodowitz such low populations have not been quantified, but may <[email protected]>. include high levels of parasitism, plant nutritional 529 Proceedings of the XI International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds quality and other forms of predation (Wheeler & Center than H. pakistanae and this may account for the differ- 1996, Dr Jim Cuda, pers. comm., unpublished data). ences in the release effort. The three other introduced insect agents have had limited, if any measurable success. These include the Expansion closely related leaf-mining fly H. balciunasi Bock (Grodowitz et al. 1997), the tuber-feeding weevil Another important measure of success for an agent Bagous affinis Hustache and the stem-feeding weevil B. is its ability to disperse extended distances after initial hydrillae O’Brien (Grodowitz et al. 1995). Of these releases have been discontinued. Hydrellia pakistanae three species, the only agent to become established has has exhibited impressive range expansion since 1987. been H. balciunasi, but expansion in distribution and Considering that this species was released at only about population size has been severely limited. Recent 30 locations in 5 states, it is impressive that it is found surveys have shown the presence of this species at sites in almost every location examined. During surveys in Texas that are substantially removed from the orig- conducted in 2000 (Grodowitz et al. 2000b), new popu- inal release sites in Texas. lations of H. pakistanae were located at sites on the Rio The purpose of this paper is to review the existing Grande near McAllen and Rio Grande City, Texas, that evidence and present new information on the impact of are well over 300 km and 400 km, respectively, from the introduced Hydrellia spp. in the US. Information on the nearest deliberately established populations. establishment success, expansion in distribution, popula- Surveys conducted in 2001 showed that it was present tion increase and ultimate impact will mainly be directed in 50% of non-release sites examined in Louisiana even toward H. pakistanae, since much of the current work though it was released in only one isolated system has focused on this species. The information has been (Lake Boeuf) south-west of New Orleans, Louisiana. obtained from a variety of published and unpublished Sites examined in Louisiana in 2001 ranged throughout research from both controlled experimentation and the state and encompassed almost every considerable actual field studies. Limited information on abiotic or type of hydrilla habitat. Wheeler & Center (2001) noted biotic factors that could possibly be influential, including the occurrence of H. pakistanae in almost every site plant nutrition and parasitism, is also included. examined in Florida. In contrast, Hydrellia balciunasi has exhibited only minimal range expansion. As indicated previously, H. Results and discussion balciunasi was established in only two Texas sites (i.e. Establishment Lake Raven, Huntsville State Park, and Sheldon Reser- voir, near Houston) located in the eastern portion of the Since the first release of H. pakistanae in North state. Surveys conducted in the early- to mid-1990s America in 1987, over 3 million individuals have been failed to reveal its presence in any other location, even released at close to 30 different sites from Florida to with extensive sampling. However, in 1997, H. balciu- California. Establishment success has been high, with nasi was discovered in locations north and north-east of at least 70% of the release attempts having H. pakis- the original two release locations, often in combination tanae present six months or longer after terminating the with H. pakistanae. These sites include ponds at the introductions (Center et al. 1997). Surveys conducted Lewisville Aquatic Ecosystem Research Facility during 2001 and 2002 at release sites in Louisiana and (LAERF) and Cypress Springs Lake near the town of Texas have shown that establishment success may be Mount Pleasant, Texas. Reasons for its recent expan- higher, since H. pakistanae has subsequently been sion are unknown, but offer encouragement for its found at sites where it was thought not to have initially continued expansion success. established. However, observing the agent after such an Determining mechanisms for such large expansions is extended period subsequent to termination of releases difficult, at best, for these species. First of all, they may be due to natural expansion from nearby popula- appear to be relatively weak fliers and are often seen tions. hopping from one resting place to another instead of Compared to H. pakistanae, H. balciunasi has flying. Human or animal transportation of hydrilla sprigs shown substantially lower establishment success. For containing immatures seems plausible, but established example, establishment success for H. balciunasi was sites and associated population size of the introduced only 18% in 1997, nearly four-fold lower than what was Hydrellia spp. was minimal during this time, hence the observed for H. pakistanae (Grodowitz et al. 1997). In odds of man or animals carrying Hydrellia spp. laden fact, only two release sites have had verified establish- sprigs seem unlikely. Additional research is warranted. ment of this species, both of which are in Texas. Reasons for such low establishment success for H. balciunasi are unknown. However, much less effort Population increase went into its release in comparison to H. pakistanae. Another important criterion of success is the ability For example, H. balciunasi was introduced in only 11 of the released agents to substantially increase in sites in two states with less than 300,000 individuals. population size. While large expansion in distribution Hydrellia balciunasi was always more difficult to rear is desirable, it is often more important to have corre- 530 Insect biocontrol agents of hydrilla sponding increases in population levels to effect damage (Grodowitz et al. 1994). Collectively, these control. data demonstrate that substantial population increases In closed, controlled
Recommended publications
  • 27April12acquatic Plants
    International Plant Protection Convention Protecting the world’s plant resources from pests 01 2012 ENG Aquatic plants their uses and risks Implementation Review and Support System Support and Review Implementation A review of the global status of aquatic plants Aquatic plants their uses and risks A review of the global status of aquatic plants Ryan M. Wersal, Ph.D. & John D. Madsen, Ph.D. i The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of speciic companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.All rights reserved. FAO encourages reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Non-commercial uses will be authorized free of charge, upon request. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes, including educational purposes, may incur fees. Applications for permission to reproduce or disseminate FAO copyright materials, and all queries concerning rights and licences, should be addressed by e-mail to [email protected] or to the Chief, Publishing Policy and Support Branch, Ofice of Knowledge Exchange,
    [Show full text]
  • Field Host Range, Foraging Depth, and Impact Of
    FIELD HOST RANGE, FORAGING DEPTH, AND IMPACT OF CRICOTOPUS LEBETIS SUBLETTE (DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE), A BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT OF HYDRILLA VERTICILLATA (L.F.) ROYLE (HYDROCHARITACEAE) By EUTYCHUS MUKURE KARIUKI A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2017 © 2017 Eutychus Mukure Kariuki To my loving family ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my Major Advisor, Dr. Raymond L. Hix, and my Co-Advisor, Dr. James P. Cuda, for their support and guidance during my Ph.D. program. I am also thankful to my committee members, Dr. Stephen D. Hight for his invaluable support and mentorship during the course of my research; Dr. Jennifer Gillett-Kaufman for her constant support, especially through the writing process of my dissertation; and Dr. Lyn Gettys for always being available to help with questions. I am grateful to all others who provided their assistance, including Dr. Edzard van Santen (University of Florida), Dr. Lazarus Mramba (University of Florida), Dr. Emma Weeks (University of Florida), John Mass (United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Tallahassee, Florida), Kelle Sullivan (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission), Dr. Lamberth Kanga (Florida A&M University), and Dr. Muhammad Haseeb (Florida A&M University). I am thankful to all my colleagues and lab mates at the University of Florida who reviewed this manuscript and offered valuable comments and suggestions. I am equally thankful to the USDA for providing funding to this study through the Hydrilla Integrated Pest Management Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Project (IPM RAMP) grant 2010-02825 and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture Crop Protection and Pest Management (NIFA CPPM) grant 2014-70006-22517.
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Full Report Pdf, 2.9 MB
    VKM Report 2016:50 Assessment of the risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of aquarium and garden pond plants Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety Report from the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) 2016:50 Assessment of the risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of aquarium and garden pond plants Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 01.11.2016 ISBN: 00000-00000 Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) Po 4404 Nydalen N – 0403 Oslo Norway Phone: +47 21 62 28 00 Email: [email protected] www.vkm.no www.english.vkm.no Suggested citation: VKM (2016). Assessment of the risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of aquarium and garden pond plants. Scientific Opinion on the on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety ISBN: 978-82-8259-240-6, Oslo, Norway. VKM Report 2016:50 Title: Assessment of the risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of aquarium and garden pond plants Authors preparing the draft opinion Hugo de Boer (chair), Maria G. Asmyhr (VKM staff), Hanne H. Grundt, Inga Kjersti Sjøtun, Hans K. Stenøien, Iris Stiers. Assessed and approved The opinion has been assessed and approved by Panel on Alien organisms and Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Members of the panel are: Vigdis Vandvik (chair), Hugo de Boer, Jan Ove Gjershaug, Kjetil Hindar, Lawrence Kirkendall, Nina Elisabeth Nagy, Anders Nielsen, Eli K.
    [Show full text]
  • Metacommunities and Biodiversity Patterns in Mediterranean Temporary Ponds: the Role of Pond Size, Network Connectivity and Dispersal Mode
    METACOMMUNITIES AND BIODIVERSITY PATTERNS IN MEDITERRANEAN TEMPORARY PONDS: THE ROLE OF POND SIZE, NETWORK CONNECTIVITY AND DISPERSAL MODE Irene Tornero Pinilla Per citar o enllaçar aquest document: Para citar o enlazar este documento: Use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://www.tdx.cat/handle/10803/670096 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.ca Aquesta obra està subjecta a una llicència Creative Commons Reconeixement- NoComercial Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial licence DOCTORAL THESIS Metacommunities and biodiversity patterns in Mediterranean temporary ponds: the role of pond size, network connectivity and dispersal mode Irene Tornero Pinilla 2020 DOCTORAL THESIS Metacommunities and biodiversity patterns in Mediterranean temporary ponds: the role of pond size, network connectivity and dispersal mode IRENE TORNERO PINILLA 2020 DOCTORAL PROGRAMME IN WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISED BY DR DANI BOIX MASAFRET DR STÉPHANIE GASCÓN GARCIA Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements to obtain the Degree of Doctor at the University of Girona Dr Dani Boix Masafret and Dr Stéphanie Gascón Garcia, from the University of Girona, DECLARE: That the thesis entitled Metacommunities and biodiversity patterns in Mediterranean temporary ponds: the role of pond size, network connectivity and dispersal mode submitted by Irene Tornero Pinilla to obtain a doctoral degree has been completed under our supervision. In witness thereof, we hereby sign this document. Dr Dani Boix Masafret Dr Stéphanie Gascón Garcia Girona, 22nd November 2019 A mi familia Caminante, son tus huellas el camino y nada más; Caminante, no hay camino, se hace camino al andar.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrilla Verticillata Threatens South African Waters
    Hydrilla verticillata threatens South African waters J.A. Coetzee1 and P.T. Madeira2 Summary South Africa’s inland water systems are currently under threat from hydrilla, Hydrilla verticillata L. Royle (Hydrocharitaceae), the worst submerged aquatic weed in the USA. The presence of the weed was confirmed for the first time in South Africa in February 2006, on Pongolapoort Dam in KwaZulu-Natal. An aerial survey revealed that the infestation on this dam covers approximately 600 ha, which is far greater than initially thought. Despite reports that it may be present in other water bodies, surveys have shown that it is restricted to Pongolapoort Dam. We conducted a boater survey which showed that there is significant potential for this devastating weed to spread beyond Pongo- lapoort Dam, and containment of hydrilla is of utmost priority. Research into the suitability of the already established biological control agents, Hydrellia pakistanae Deonier and H. balciunasi Bock (Diptera: Ephydridae), from the USA, as potential agents in South Africa, is also being conducted. However, the South African hydrilla biotype is different from the biotypes in the USA, and this needs to be borne in mind when considering which agents to release. Keywords: potential spread, management, genetic analysis. Introduction Current distribution of The confirmation of Hydrilla verticillata L. Royle hydrilla in South Africa (Hydrocharitaceae) (hydrilla) in South Africa from and potential for spread Pongolapoort Dam, KwaZulu-Natal province (KZN), in early 2006 (L. Henderson, personal communication, Hydrilla is one of the most problematic submerged 2006) prompted immediate action to contain and con- plants worldwide, invading both tropical and temperate trol this weed, and prevent further spread to other wa- regions because of its tolerance to a wide range of envi- ter bodies around South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team Biological Control of Invasive
    Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the Eastern United States Roy Van Driesche Bernd Blossey Mark Hoddle Suzanne Lyon Richard Reardon Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team—Morgantown, West Virginia United States Forest FHTET-2002-04 Department of Service August 2002 Agriculture BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES Technical Coordinators Roy Van Driesche and Suzanne Lyon Department of Entomology, University of Massachusets, Amherst, MA Bernd Blossey Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY Mark Hoddle Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA Richard Reardon Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, USDA, Forest Service, Morgantown, WV USDA Forest Service Publication FHTET-2002-04 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the authors of the individual chap- We would also like to thank the U.S. Depart- ters for their expertise in reviewing and summariz- ment of Agriculture–Forest Service, Forest Health ing the literature and providing current information Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, West on biological control of the major invasive plants in Virginia, for providing funding for the preparation the Eastern United States. and printing of this publication. G. Keith Douce, David Moorhead, and Charles Additional copies of this publication can be or- Bargeron of the Bugwood Network, University of dered from the Bulletin Distribution Center, Uni- Georgia (Tifton, Ga.), managed and digitized the pho- versity of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, (413) tographs and illustrations used in this publication and 545-2717; or Mark Hoddle, Department of Entomol- produced the CD-ROM accompanying this book.
    [Show full text]
  • The Anal Plates of Larval Hydrellia Pakistanae (Diptera: Ephydridae)
    82 Florida Entomologist (95)1 March 2012 THE ANAL PLATES OF LARVAL HYDRELLIA PAKISTANAE (DIPTERA: EPHYDRIDAE) BRIAN DURHAM AND MICHAEL J. GRODOWITZ U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, MS, 39180 Abstract The objective of this research was to describe the anal plates of the larval stages of the ephydrid fly,Hydrellia pakistanae Deonier, a biological control agent of hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle). This was accomplished using light microscopy coupled with a spe- cialized staining technique; and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All 3 instars of H. pakistanae were collected from hydrilla cultured in outdoor concrete-lined ponds. To ascribe a function to the anal plates, a modified staining technique was employed that uses a 5% silver nitrate solution, which, upon ionization, binds with chloride ions suggesting an os- moregulatory function. Under light microscopy the two anal plates appeared smooth, flat crescent moon-shaped structures that encircled the anus of the larva. SEM revealed the anal plates to be relatively smooth with an undulating surface pattern possibly an artifact of the high vacuum conditions associated with the SEM. This may therefore indicate a difference in cuticle thickness for the anal plates since the overall body cuticle did not exhibit the same surface changes. A distinct delineation in the form of a thin raised line of cuticle between the anal plates and the outer body cuticle could be discerned from both light microscopy and SEM. The anal plates vary in size from 200 µm to 750 µm in perimeter and 1800 µm² to 14000 µm² in area depending on instar.
    [Show full text]
  • ISSUE 58, April, 2017
    FLY TIMES ISSUE 58, April, 2017 Stephen D. Gaimari, editor Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch California Department of Food & Agriculture 3294 Meadowview Road Sacramento, California 95832, USA Tel: (916) 262-1131 FAX: (916) 262-1190 Email: [email protected] Welcome to the latest issue of Fly Times! As usual, I thank everyone for sending in such interesting articles. I hope you all enjoy reading it as much as I enjoyed putting it together. Please let me encourage all of you to consider contributing articles that may be of interest to the Diptera community for the next issue. Fly Times offers a great forum to report on your research activities and to make requests for taxa being studied, as well as to report interesting observations about flies, to discuss new and improved methods, to advertise opportunities for dipterists, to report on or announce meetings relevant to the community, etc., with all the associated digital images you wish to provide. This is also a great place to report on your interesting (and hopefully fruitful) collecting activities! Really anything fly-related is considered. And of course, thanks very much to Chris Borkent for again assembling the list of Diptera citations since the last Fly Times! The electronic version of the Fly Times continues to be hosted on the North American Dipterists Society website at http://www.nadsdiptera.org/News/FlyTimes/Flyhome.htm. For this issue, I want to again thank all the contributors for sending me such great articles! Feel free to share your opinions or provide ideas on how to improve the newsletter.
    [Show full text]
  • 7 HYDRILLA PEST STATUS of WEED Nature of Damage 91
    7 HYDRILLA J. K. Balciunas1, M. J. Grodowitz 2, A. F. Cofrancesco2, and J. F. Shearer2 1 USDA-ARS, Exotic and Invasive Weed Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, USA 2 U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA Nature of Damage PEST STATUS OF WEED Economic damage. In the United States, hydrilla of- Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle (hereafter, referred ten dominates aquatic habitats causing significant eco- to as “hydrilla”) (Fig. 1) is a submersed, rooted nomic damage (Fig. 2). Hydrilla interferes with a wide aquatic plant that forms dense mats in a wide variety variety of commercial operations. Thick mats hinder of freshwater habitats (canals, springs, streams, ponds, irrigation operations by reducing flow rates by as lakes, rivers, and reservoirs) (Langeland, 1990). Plants much as 90% (CDFA, 2000a) and impede the opera- grow from the substrate to the water’s surface in both tion of irrigation structures (Godfrey et al., 1996). shallow and deep water (0-15 m in depth) (Langeland, Hydroelectric power generation also is hindered by 1990; Buckingham, 1994). This plant is listed on the fragmented plant material that builds up on trash 1979 federal noxious weed list (USDA-NRCS, 1999) racks and clogs intakes. During 1991, hydrilla at Lake and also is identified in the noxious weed laws of Moultrie, South Carolina shut down the St. Stephen Florida (FDEP, 2000), Louisiana (LDWF, 2000), powerhouse operations for seven weeks resulting in Texas (TPWD, 2000), California (CDFA, 2000a), $2,650,000 of expenses due to repairs, dredging, and South Carolina (SCDNR, 2000), North Carolina fish loss.
    [Show full text]
  • Overwintering Biology of Hydrellia Pakistanae, a Biological Control Agent of Hydrilla
    J. Aquat. Plant Manage. 49: 114-117 Overwintering biology of Hydrellia pakistanae, a biological control agent of hydrilla NATHAN E. HARMS AND MICHAEL J. GRODOWITZ* INTRODUCTION Hydrellia pakistanae originates in Asia, and specimens have been collected from India, Pakistan, and China (Deonier Hydrellia pakistanae Deonier (Diptera: Ephydridae), the 1993). The species has been collected as far north as Shier Li Asian leaf-mining fly, was first introduced into the United Piao Marsh, Heilongjiang Province, China (46°30’0”N; States as a host-specific biocontrol agent of the dioecious bio- 125°12’0”E), where January temperatures average -19 C and type of Hydrilla verticillata L.f. Royle (hydrilla) in 1987 (Buck- winter can last from 5 to 8 months (http://www.britanni- ingham and Grodowitz 2004). Female H. pakistanae oviposit ca.com/EBchecked/topic/259646/Heilongjiang). This on emergent hydrilla, and 3 larval instars mine submersed northern range suggests that H. pakistanae is able to survive leaves of the plant before pupating at the base of a leaf. The cold temperatures and may possess a behavioral or genetic life cycle of H. pakistanae from egg to adult is completed in adaptation to deal with winter and absence of dense, sur- approximately 23 d at 27 ± 1 C (Buckingham and Okrah faced hydrilla for ovipositing and feeding. 1993). Feeding by larvae reduces photosynthesis, thereby de- creasing hydrilla biomass; additional indirect negative im- MATERIALS AND METHODS pacts include reduced tuber and turion production and fragment viability (Doyle et al. 2002, 2005, Grodowitz et al. During winter 2005-2006, qualitative observations were 2003, Owens et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Cover Page 2017 James P. Cuda, Ph.D. Professor and Fulbright
    IPM Award Nomination 1 James Cuda Cover Page 2017 James P. Cuda, Ph.D. Professor and Fulbright Scholar Charles Steinmetz Hall UF/IFAS Entomology & Nematology Dept. Bldg. 970, Natural Area Drive PO Box 110620 Gainesville, FL 32611-0620 (352) 273-3921 [email protected] IPM Award Nomination 2 James Cuda College of Agricultural and Life Sciences Steinmetz Hall, Bldg. 970 Entomology and Nematology Department 1881 Natural Area Drive P.O Box 110620 Gainesville, FL 32611-0620 352-273-3901 352-392-0190 Fax January 24, 2017 Southeastern Branch of the ESA Awards Committee Dear Committee: Although I have only recently joined the Entomology and Nematology Department at the University of Florida, I have quickly come to learn of Dr. Jim Cuda’s accomplishments and passion for research and education in in biocontrol and integrated pest management. As a consequence, I have decided to nominate him for the ESA SEB Recognition Award in IPM and believe he is deserving of your strongest consideration. Jim has developed an internationally recognized program in biocontrol of invasive weeds and has become a globally recognized authority in identifying and evaluating potential biocontrol agents of invasive weeds. He has made significant contributions to the successful management of important invasive weed species in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. He also has made important discoveries in understanding the attributes of successful introduction of exotic biocontrol agents in a manner that successfully mitigates the invasion without disruption of native species. Information from this work has been critical to the management of important invasive plant species such as the tropical soda apple.
    [Show full text]
  • The Aquatic Plant Management Society, Inc
    49th Annual Meeting of the Aquatic Plant Management Society PROGRAM Hyatt Regency Milwaukee, Wisconsin July 12-15, 2009 The Aquatic Plant Management Society, Inc. is an international organization of scientists, educators, students, commercial pesticide applicators, administrators, and concerned individuals interested in the management and study of aquatic plants. The membership reflects a diversity of federal, state, and local agencies, universities and colleges around the world, corporations, and small businesses. Membership applications are available at the meeting registration desk. The Objectives of the Society are to assist in promoting the management of nuisance aquatic plants, to provide for the scientific advancement of members of the society, to encourage scientific research, to promote university scholarship, and to extend and develop public interest in the aquatic plant science discipline. Our Mission: The Aquatic Plant Management Society strives to promote environmental stewardship through operations, research, education and outreach related to integrated management of vegetation in aquatic systems. Table of Contents APMS Board Members and Committee Chairs ................................................................................................... 2 APMS Presidents and Meeting Sites.................................................................................................................... 3 Past APMS Award Recipients.............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]