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Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: the Seventh Biennial Review - 2018

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Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: the Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 ADVANCE COPY PREPUBLICATION COPY Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 Committee on Independent Scientific Review of Everglades Restoration Progress Water Science and Technology Board Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology Division on Earth and Life Studies This prepublication version of Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 has been provided to the public to facilitate timely access to the report. Although the substance of the report is final, editorial changes may be made throughout the text and citations will be checked prior to publication. The final report will be available through the National Academies Press later this year, 2018. A Consensus Study Report of Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 Support for this study was provided by the Department of the Army under Cooperative Agreement No. W912EP-04-2-0001. Support for this project was also provided by the U.S. Department of the Interior and the South Florida Water Management District. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13: X-XXX-XXX-XXXXX-X International Standard Book Number-10: X-XXX-XXXXX-X Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25198 Cover credit: David Policansky Additional copies of this report are available for sale from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu/. Copyright 2018 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/25198. PREPUBLICATION COPY Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president. The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president. The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine. Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org. PREPUBLICATION COPY Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and committee deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task. Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies. For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit nationalacademies.org/whatwedo. PREPUBLICATION COPY Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 COMMITTEE ON INDEPENDENT SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OF EVERGLADES RESTORATION PROGRESS WILLIAM G. BOGGESS, Chair, Oregon State University, Corvallis MARY JANE ANGELO, University of Florida, Gainesville CHARLES T. DRISCOLL, Syracuse University, New York M. SIOBHAN FENNESSY, Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio WENDY D. GRAHAM, University of Florida, Gainesville KARL E. HAVENS, University of Florida, Gainesville FERNANDO R. MIRALLES-WILHELM, University of Maryland, College Park DAVID H. MOREAU, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill GORDON H. ORIANS, University of Washington, Seattle DENISE J. REED, University of New Orleans, Louisiana JAMES E. SAIERS, Yale University, Connecticut ERIC P. SMITH, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg DENICE H. WARDROP, Pennsylvania State University, University Park GREG D. WOODSIDE, Orange County Water District, Fountain Valley, California Staff STEPHANIE E. JOHNSON, Study Director, Water Science and Technology Board BRENDAN R. MCGOVERN, Research Assistant, Water Science and Technology Board DAVID J. POLICANSKY, Scholar, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology P REPUBLICATION COPY v Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 PREPUBLICATION COPY Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 Acknowledgments Many individuals assisted the committee and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine staff in their task to create this report. We would like to express our appreciation to the following people who provided presentations or public comment to the committee or served as field trip guides. Nick Aumen, U.S. Geological Survey James Beerens, U.S. Geological Survey Laura Brandt, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Tim Breen, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Trisston Brown, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Rich Budell, Budell Water Group Cara Capp, National Parks Conservation Association Dean Carpenter, Albemarle-Pamlico National Estuary Partnership Bill Causey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Bahram Charkhian, South Florida Water Management District Cris Costello, Sierra Club Dan Crawford, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Steve Culberson, Delta Stewardship Council Steve Davis, Everglades Foundation Celeste De Palma, Audubon Florida Michael Drog, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Dennis Duke, U.S. Geological Survey Gretchen Ehlinger, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Shannon Estenoz, Department of Interior Michelle Ferree, South Florida Water Management District Brad Foster, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Jim Fourqurean, Florida International University Tom Frankovich, Florida International University Evelyn Gaiser, Florida International University Donna George, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Alex Gillen, Bull Sugar David Gillings, Palm Beach County Howie Gonzales, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Patti Gorman, South Florida Water Management District Susan Gray, South Florida Water Management District Paul Gray, Audubon Florida Tim Gysan, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers PREPUBLICATION COPY vii Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018 viii Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades Chuck Hanlon, South Florida Water Management District Rainer Hoenicke, Delta Stewardship Council Bud Howard, Loxahatchee River District Tom James, South Florida Water Management District LTC Jennifer Reynolds, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Kang-Ren Jin, South Florida Water Management District Bob Johnson, U.S. National Park Service Paul Julian, Florida Department of Environmental Protection Kelly Keefe, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Chris Kelble, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration William “Chad” Kennedy, Florida Department of Environmental Protection Kevin Kotun, U.S. National Park Service Glenn Landers, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Jennifer Leeds, South Florida Water Management District Andy LoSchiavo, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Ernie Marks, South Florida Water Management District Jenna May, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Agnes McLean, U.S. National Park Service Miles Meyer, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Brenda Mills, South Florida Water Management District June Mirecki,
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