The Many Faces of Poverty

Volume 5 The Many Faces of Poverty: Volume 5 Copyright © PEP-CBMS Network Office, 2014

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—whether virtual, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the written permission of the copyright owner.

Published by De La Salle University Publishing House for the CBMS International Network Coordinating Team

First printing, 2014

Published and distributed by De La Salle University Publishing House 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines 1004 Tel. No: (632) 524-4611 loc. 271 Telefax: (632) 523-4281 Emails: [email protected] [email protected] Website: www.dlsu.edu.ph

The De La Salle University Publishing House is the publications office of De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines.

Printed in the Philippines

Acknowledgments

The publication of this volume has been made possible through the PEP- CBMS Network Office based at the Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies of De La Salle University-Manila with the aid of a grant from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Ottawa, Canada and the Department for International Development, United Kingdom. CONTENTSCONTENTS

i Foreword

1 Introduction

3 Explanatory Text

The Many Faces of Poverty

9 City of Antipolo

37 City of Legazpi

65 City of Marikina

97 City of Naga

125 City of Puerto Princesa

153 City of Tacloban

187 City of Valenzuela FOREWORDFOREWORD

The official poverty monitoring system (PMS) in the Philippines relies mainly on family income and expenditure surveys. Information on other aspects of well-being is generally obtained from representative health surveys, national population and housing censuses, and others. However, these surveys and censuses are (i) too costly to be replicated frequently; (ii) conducted at different time periods, making it impossible to get a comprehensive profile of the different socio-demographic groups of interest at a specific point in time; and (iii) have sampling designs that do not usually correspond to the geographical disaggregation needed by local government units (LGUs). In addition, the implementation of the decentralization policy, which devolves to LGUs the function of delivering basic services, creates greater demand for data at the local level. The Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) seeks to address these gaps by providing data at the local level appropriate for diagnosing the cause and extent of local poverty, formulating appropriate policies and programs, identifying eligible beneficiaries, and assessing the impact of policies and programs. It also supports the decentralization process by capacitating the LGUs to collect, analyze, and use data in local planning, budgeting, and program implementation. This fifth volume of statistical tables and poverty maps of seven cities generated through the CBMS methodology represents part of what we hope will be a series of publications that will emerge from the collaborations between the CBMS Network Coordinating Team and its partner-LGUs. These partnerships have been in place for several years now, and these partner-LGUs are finally enjoying the fruits of their hard labor. The CBMS poverty maps will identify who and where the poor are as they provide a comprehensive picture of the different faces of poverty in different parts of the country. They will also aid in identifying the most pressing needs of the community, assist in prioritizing interventions to address these needs, and facilitate the targeting of programs for those who need the assistance most. The cities featured in this volume are Antipolo, Legazpi, Marikina, Naga, Puerto Princesa, Tacloban, and Valenzuela. The statistics presented in this report are based on the CBMS censuses conducted in these cities during a 5-year period–from 2009-2013. The work leading to the publication of this book owes much to the unwavering support and commitment of our partners both at the local and national levels. For so many months now, we have worked hand-in-hand with them in consolidating databases and validating our findings. And now, with their consent, we are sharing their data to a wide range of CBMS stakeholders all over the country – indeed a glowing testament of their dedication to make their development planning processes more efficient and effective! Tremendous thanks are therefore in order to all our partner LGUs, national government agencies, non-government organizations, donors and other development partners for making this possible. It is hoped that this publication will provide the necessary data to facilitate evidence-based decision- making toward improving local governance and reducing poverty in the country.

CELIA M. REYES CBMS Network Leader

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) i INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Considered a foremost legislation that ushered in a new era of local governance, the Local Government Code (LGC) of 1991 has paved the way not only for greater autonomy but also for increased expenditure responsibility and revenue authority of local government units. Since then, the local government units (LGUs) have assumed a greater role in local government management and service delivery. The devolution is substantial not only in the magnitude of responsibilities that were shifted to LGUs but also in the amount of resources now at their disposal to effectively discharge the devolved functions. Today, LGUs have access to multiple revenue sources, chief of which is their share in the national internal revenues—the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA). For the period 2006–2008, the average IRA per year is P176.4 billion (see Table 1).

Table 1. Internal Revenue Allotment of Local Government Units, 2006–2008

Amount Year (in P billion)

2008 210.7 2007 183.9 2006 134.5 TOTAL 529.1 Ave. per year 176.4 Source: DBM

While experts agree that local governments are not awash with cash, the P529.1 billion worth of IRA that the LGUs have received over the 3-year period is certainly a big amount. This underscores the importance of making sure that LGUs are equipped with the right tools, systems, and procedures to ensure the effective use of these public financial resources. One way to do this is by providing them access to comprehensive socioeconomic data, on the basis of which they can craft their development plans and budgets.

Statistical Issues and Concerns at the Subnational Level

With decentralization, the types of data demanded by a wide range of users—policymakers, program implementers, civil society, and others—are changing. Data disaggregated to correspond to the different levels of government are needed by LGUs to adequately assess their local situation. Moreover, longitudinal data are needed to track welfare changes over time. Household-level data are also needed to identify eligible beneficiaries of different programs. In 2005, 14 years after the LGC enactment, the ADB-WB released a report highlighting statistical issues and concerns at the subnational level. It said: “The most comprehensive and consistent comparative subnational data is at the regional level although this is simply an administrative level of government that has no responsibilities for delivery of social services. More data is gradually becoming available at the provincial level, but not at lower levels, which are at the frontline of efforts to reduce poverty.”1

1 Decentralization in the Philippines: Strengthening Local Government Financing and Resource Management in the Short-Term, 2005 (A joint document of the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank).

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 1 Local Poverty Monitoring Systems Rise up to the Challenge

Owing to still unresolved statistical issues and concerns at the subnational level, an increasing number of LGUs all over the country have taken the initiative to establish their own Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS). As of March 2014, CBMS is being implemented in 70 provinces (32 of which are implementing the system province-wide), 801 municipalities, and 63 cities, covering a total of 21,582 barangays. Data generated by CBMS have so far been used in diagnosing the nature and extent of poverty in their localities, identifying appropriate interventions, identifying eligible beneficiaries of poverty reduction programs, and assessing the impact of some of these programs. National government agencies have likewise taken notice of the CBMS initiative. Today, CBMS is recognized as a tool for (i) building the capacity of LGUs on poverty diagnosis and planning, (ii) localizing the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and (iii) generating local poverty statistics for evidence- based development planning and budgeting. Parallel with efforts to establish databanks at each geopolitical level, an initiative on building the national repository of CBMS data has also been jumpstarted with the installation of the repository at the National Anti-Poverty Commission (NAPC) and at the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). The national repository is envisioned to facilitate data sharing across government agencies, the private sector, donor agencies, and other relevant stakeholders. Specifically, the national repository will (i) facilitate the access and use of the integrated CBMS database by national entities in their advocacy work with key decisionmakers, (ii) support government and non-government funding sources in strengthening evidence-based planning and monitoring and in aligning their interventions to national priorities, and (ii) facilitate the implementation of targeted programs.

Concluding Remarks

Public statistics will increasingly shape public agenda at the local level as more and more LGUs establish their own monitoring systems to make their development planning processes more efficient and effective. In this scenario, local poverty monitoring systems such as the CBMS will have an extremely important role to play. The country’s experience with local-level poverty monitoring systems clearly demonstrates that there can be a comprehensive picture of the poverty situation. Very few, if any, national surveys collect information on the different dimensions of poverty. There is a survey on income and expenditure, another on health, another on education, another on employment, another on nutrition, and others. As the samples and the reference periods are different, there is no comprehensive picture of the poverty status of the population at any point in time. This is where CBMS can make a difference as it addressess these gaps through its set of core indicators relating to the different dimensions of poverty.

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 2 EXPLANATORYEXPLANATORY TEXTTEXT

A. CBMS Core Indicators

The statistical tables and poverty maps presented in this volume pertain to the CBMS Core Indicators (also known as Core Local Poverty Indicators1), which were generated using the CBMS methodology.

Box 1. Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS)

The CBMS is an organized way of collecting ongoing or recurring information at the local level to be used by local governments, national government agencies, non-government organization (NGOs), and civil society for planning, budgeting, and implementing local development programs, as well as for monitoring and evaluating their performance. It is a tool for improved local governance and democratic decisionmaking that promotes greater transparency and accountability in resource allocation.

It involves the following steps: Step 1 – Advocacy/organization Step 2 – Data collection and field editing Step 3 – Data encoding and map digitization Step 4 – Data consolidation, database-building and poverty mapping Step 5 – Data validation and community consultation Step 6 – Knowledge (database) management Step 7 – Plan formulation Step 8 – Dissemination, implementation, and monitoring

The CBMS Core Indicators are a set of carefully selected indicators that capture the multiple dimensions of poverty. They define the basic criteria for attaining a decent quality of life and correspond to the minimum basic needs covering (a) health, (b) nutrition, (c) housing, (d) water and sanitation, (e) basic education, (f) income, (g) employment, and (h) peace and order. Together, these indicators provide information not only on how poor a community is, but also on who in the community is poor, and where.

The CBMS Core Indicators are presented in Table 1. Meanwhile, the poverty and food thresholds used are presented in Table 2.

1 The Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) has issued Memorandum Circular 2003-92 (April 2003) to set policy guidelines for the adoption of the 13 core local poverty indicators, for planning and Memoradum Circular 2004-152 (November 2004) to encourage LGUs to intensify efforts toward the achievement of the millennium development goals (MDGs). The latter circular also enjoins LGUs to use monitoring systems such as MBN-CBIS, CBMS, IRAP, etc., to monitor and diagnose the nature and extent of poverty in their respective localities. CBMS was adopted by the DILG as the data collection and processing system for the CLPIMS which was the tool adopted to monitor the MDGs for LGUs.

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 3 Table 1. The CBMS Core Indicators

BASIC NEEDS CORE INDICATORS Computation/Formula Simple Scoring

A. Health 1 Proportion of children Total number of children aged 0 to less than One (1) if the household has a under 5 years old who 5 years old who died divided by (the sum of member under 5 years old who died; died total number of children aged 0 to less than zero (0) otherwise. 5 years old plus the total number of child deaths 0 to less than 5 years old) 2 Proportion of women who Total number of women who died due to One (1) if the household has a died due to pregnancy- pregnancy related causes divided by (the female member who died due to related causes total number of children less than one year pregnancy-related causes; zero (0) old plus total number of women who died otherwise. due to pregnancy-related causes) B. Nutrition 3 Proportion of children 0-5 Total number of children 0-5 years old who One (1) if the household has a years old who are are moderately or severely underweight over member 0-5 years old who is malnourished total number of children 0-5 years old malnourished; zero (0) otherwise. C. Housing 4 Proportion of households Total number of households living in housing One (1) if the household lives in living in makeshift housing with makeshift roof and/or walls over total makeshift housing; zero (0) number of households otherwise. 5 Proportion of households Total number of households occupying One (1) if the household is an who are informal settlers house and/or lots without permission of informal settler; zero (0) otherwise. owner over total number of households D. Water and 6 Proportion of households Total number of households without access One (1) if the household does not Sanitation without access to safe to community water system, artesian deep have access to safe water supply; water supply and shallow wells or bottled water over total zero (0) otherwise. number of households 7 Proportion of households Total number of households without access One (1) if the household does not without access to sanitary to water-sealed toilet or closed pit over total have access to sanitary toilet toilet facilities number of households facilities; zero (0) otherwise. E. Education 8 Proportion of children 6-11 Total number of children 6-11 years old who years old who are not are not attending elementary school over attending elementary total number of children 6-11 years old school 9 Proportion of children 12- Total number of children 12-15 years old 15 years old who are not who are not attending secondary school over attending secondary total number of children 12-15 years old school 8-9 Proportion of children 6-15 Total number of children 6-15 years old who One (1) if the household has a years old who are not are not attending school over total number of member 6-15 years old not attending school children 6-15 years old attending school; zero (0) otherwise.

F. Income 10 Proportion of households Total number of households with income One (1) if the household has a per with income below the below the poverty threshold over total capita income below poverty poverty threshold number of households threshold; zero (0) otherwise. 11 Proportion of households Total number of households with income One (1) if the household has a per with income below the below the food (subsistence) threshold over capita income below food threshold; food threshold total number of households zero (0) otherwise. 12 Proportion of households Total number of households who One (1) if the household has who experienced hunger experienced hunger due to food shortage experienced hunger due to food due to food shortage over total number of households shortage; zero (0) otherwise. G. Employment 13 Proportion of persons in Total number of persons aged 15 and above One (1) if the household has the labor force who are who are not working but actively seeking unemployed member/s; zero (0) unemployed work over total number of labor force otherwise.

H. Peace and 14 Proportion of persons who Total number of persons who are victims of One (1) if the household has Order are victims of crimes crimes over total population victim/s of crime; zero (0) otherwise.

CBMS Average number of unmet Sum of unmet needs of households over Sum of the scores (number of Composite needs total number of households unmet needs) of the 13 indicators. Indicator

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 4 Table 2. Poverty and Food Thresholds

Month of Data Year of Data R e fe re n ce Poverty Threshold Food Threshold C ity C o lle ction C o lle ctio n Ye a r U rba n R u ra l U rb a n R ura l January - June 2011 2010 19,638 18,690 13,716 13,054 July - December 2011 2011 20,341 19,359 14,207 13,521 City of Antipolo January - June 2012 2011 20,341 19,359 14,207 13,521 July - December 2012 2012 20,676 19,678 14,441 13,744 January - June 2009 2008 18,228 17,290 12,731 12,076 July - December 2009 2009 19,382 18,385 13,537 12,841 January - June 2010 2009 19,382 18,385 13,537 12,841 City of Legazpi July - December 2010 2010 20,236 19,195 14,134 13,407 January - June 2011 2010 20,236 19,195 14,134 13,407 July - December 2011 2011 20,927 19,851 14,617 13,865 January - June 2012 2011 20,907 20,907 14,602 14,602 City of Marikina July - December 2012 2012 21,100 21,100 14,737 14,737 January - June 2011 2010 18,369 17,628 12,830 12,312 July - December 2011 2011 18,996 18,230 13,268 12,733 City of Naga January - June 2012 2011 18,996 18,230 13,268 12,733 July - December 2012 2012 19,484 18,698 13,608 13,060 January - June 2013 2012 19,484 18,698 13,608 13,060 City of Puerto January - June 2009 2008 13,994 13,364 9,774 9,334 P rin c es a July - December 2009 2009 14,550 13,895 10,162 9,705 January - June 2011 2010 16,770 15,780 11,713 11,022 July - December 2011 2011 17,265 16,246 12,059 11,347 City of Tacloban January - June 2012 2011 17,265 16,246 12,059 11,347 July - December 2012 2012 17,681 16,637 12,349 11,620 City of Valenzuela April-June 2012 2011 20,907 20,907 14,602 14,602

B. Authority for the Survey

The National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) has issued Resolution No. 6 (2005), which recognizes and enjoins support to the CBMS as a tool for strengthening the statistical system at the local level. It also directs the NSCB Technical Staff to initiate and coordinate an advocacy program for the adoption of the CBMS by the LGUs, through the Regional Statistical Coordination Committees (RSCCs), the technical arm of the NSCB Executive Board in the regions. The NSCB has also approved the CBMS Survey Instruments (NSCB Approval No. DILG-1237-01)

C. Survey Operations

All survey operations were undertaken under the supervision of the CBMS Technical Working Groups (TWGs) at the provincial and municipal Levels. They identified the local personnel who were trained as enumerators and field supervisors. Technical assistance was provided by the PEP-CBMS Network Office, the Bureau of Local Government Development (BLGD) and Regional Office 8 of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), and the National Anti- Poverty Commission (NAPC).

Training is mainly conducted at two levels. The first level training (Training of Trainors) is conducted for members of the TWGs. This is usually conducted by members of the research staff of the PEP-CBMS Network Office and CBMS-accredited trainors from the DILG, NAPC and NEDA.

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 5 Meanwhile, a second level training (Training of Enumerators) is conducted for enumerators-- usually composed of barangay health workers and students. Members of the TWG act as trainors in this training.

D. Data Processing System

The CBMS Data Processing System includes the CBMS Data Encoding System, Statistics Simulator (StatSim) and the CBMS-Natural Resources Database (NRDB).

The CBMS Encoding System uses CSPro (Census and Survey Processing), a software developed by the United States Bureau of Census for entering, editing, tabulating, and disseminating data from censuses and surveys. The CSPro-based Encoding System converts survey data into electronic data. It produces text files (ASCII) described by data dictionaries, which adds flexibility to the output data. This feature facilitates the interface between the CBMS data and other database systems and statistical softwares.

The CBMS-NRDB is capable of creating and storing spatial (shapefiles) and non-spatial (texts and numbers) data as well as generating maps, reports and graphs ideal for presentation and analysis of poverty attributes in the community. This has significantly addressed the need for a simple yet powerful and free geographically-oriented database.

The data presented through poverty maps using the CBMS-NRDB are processed using the CBMS StatSim which has been developed by the PEP-CBMS Network Office to address the particular need of LGUs to harness outputs from the CBMS Database such as custom tables, reports, case lists and queries. The StatSim simulates simple computations and tabulations usually done through statistical software or other tabulation applications, and also exports indicators and statistics for use in dissemination, such as tables and maps.

These software are provided for free to CBMS-implementing LGUs.

E. CBMS Poverty Maps

The poverty map for each indicator is prepared at two levels. The first level is the provincial map disaggregated by municipality while the second level is the provincial map by barangay.

A simple color scheme is used for the poverty maps. Green, light green, pink and red represents the four ranges of data for each indicator. Each indicator, however, used a different range relative to the provincial data.

2 The NRDB was developed by Mr. Richard Alexander, a British volunteer who spent three years working for the Bohol Environment Management Office through the assistance of the Voluntary Service Overseas (vso.org.uk).

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 6 F. Limitations of the Data

While observations are taken from the entire population, the user of the data presented in this report should bear in mind that due to some difficulties, the CBMS was not carried out in the following five barangays in the City of Tacloban: 109 (V&G Subd.), 109-A, 62-B, 77, and 80 (Marasbaras).

Estimates on poverty and subsistence incidence may also be affected by under- and/or over-reporting of income or reluctance on the part of the respondents to reveal their true levels of income. As in other surveys, the CBMS enumerators may also have encountered interview non-response and item non-response.

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 7

The Many Faces of Poverty in the City of Antipolo

CBMS Core Indicators, City of Antipolo, 2011-2012

Households Population Ma gni tu de Proportion Ma gni tu de Pro po r tio n INDICATOR

DEMOGRAPHY Population 122,098 546,075 Average household size 5 Children under 1 year old 14,554 Children under 5 years old 68,378 Children 0-5 years old 80,910 Children 6-11 years old 73,584 Members 12-15 years old 46,660 Members 6-15 years old 120,244 Members 10 years old and above 416,279 Members of the labor force 54,313

HEALTH AND NUTRITION Children under 5 years old who died 77 0.1 Women who died due to pregnancy related-causes 9 0.1 Malnourished children 0-5 years old 691 0.9

HOUSING Households living in makeshift housing 5,810 4.8 Households who are informal settlers 5,812 4.8

WATER AND SANITATION Households without access to safe water supply 14,132 11.6 Households without access to sanitary toilet facilities 830 0.7

BASIC EDUCATION Children 6-11 years old not attending elementary school 12,337 16.8 Children 12-15 years old not attending high school 19,435 41.7 Children 6-15 years old not attending school 10,988 9.1

INCOME AND LIVELIHOOD Households with income below poverty threshold 21,452 17.6 Households with income below food threshold 9,994 8.2 Households who experienced hunger due to food shortage 591 0.5 Unemployment rate (15 years old and above) 16,335 8.6

PEACE AND ORDER Victims of crime 493 0.1

CBMS Composite Indicator, City of Antipolo, 2011-2012 Av era g e CBMS Composite Indicator 0.7

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 13 Total Number of Households and Population, by Barangay, City of Antipolo, 2011-2012

B a ra n g a y Total households Total population

Bagong Nayon 7,170 31,566 Beverly Hills 167 725 Calawis 1,048 4,570 Cupang 18,864 82,437 Dalig 6,984 32,148 Dela Paz (Pob.) 10,101 46,728 Inarawan 4,326 19,450 Mambugan 8,048 34,806 Mayamot 7,612 32,893 Muntindilaw 2,844 12,756 San Isidro (Pob.) 10,478 46,617 San Jose (Pob.) 15,860 70,916 San Juan 1,742 8,048 San Luis 9,219 42,441 San Roque (Pob.) 7,433 33,361 Sta. Cruz 10,202 46,613

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 14 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 1. Proportion of Children under 5 Years Old who Died, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 10 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n Calawis 4 0.6 San Juan 5 0.4 San Luis 14 0.3 Mambugan 9 0.2 Muntindilaw 3 0.2 San Roque (Pob.) 8 0.2 Bagong Nayon 4 0.1 Cupang 7 0.1 Dalig 5 0.1 Inarawan 3 0.1

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 15 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 2. Proportion of Women who Died Due to Pregnancy-Related Causes, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 6 Barangays B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

San Jose (Pob.) 3 0.2 San Isidro (Pob.) 2 0.2 Inarawan 1 0.2 San Luis 1 0.1 Sta. Cruz 1 0.1 Cupang 1 0.0

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 16 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 3. Proportion of Children 0-5 Years Old who are Malnourished, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 11 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n Beverly Hills 3 4.1 Mayamot 64 1.6 San Jose (Pob.) 151 1.4 San Luis 88 1.4 San Juan 19 1.4 Cupang 160 1.3 Dalig 35 0.8 Muntindilaw 12 0.8 San Roque (Pob.) 34 0.7 Sta. Cruz 33 0.5 Calawis 4 0.5

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 17 Table 1. Health and Nutrition Indicators, by Barangay, City of Antipolo, 2011-2012

B a ra n g a y Number of Children under Number of Women deaths due Number of Malnourished children 5 years old children to pregnancy-related ch ildren ch ildren (under who died (under c a u s e s (0-5 years old) (0-5 years old) 5 years old) 1 year old) M a g ni tu de Propor tion M a g ni tu de Pr opo r ti on M a g ni tu de Propor tion

Bagong Nayon 4,094 4 0.1 832 0 0 4,807 13 0.3 Beverly Hills 62 0 0 10 0 0 74 3 4.1 Calawis 644 4 0.6 142 0 0 759 4 0.5 Cupang 10,728 7 0.1 2449 1 0.0 12,644 160 1.3 Dalig 3,797 5 0.1 847 0 0 4,548 35 0.8 Dela Paz (Pob.) 5,627 0 0 1271 0 0 6,639 15 0.2 Inarawan 2,565 3 0.1 531 1 0.2 3,027 11 0.4 Mambugan 4,424 9 0.2 929 0 0 5,223 21 0.4 Mayamot 3,307 3 0.1 688 0 0 3,949 64 1.6 Muntindilaw 1,308 3 0.2 297 0 0 1,577 12 0.8 San Isidro (Pob.) 6,185 5 0.1 1200 2 0.2 7,179 28 0.4 San Jose (Pob.) 9,108 4 0 1883 3 0.2 10,762 151 1.4 San Juan 1,146 5 0.4 230 0 0 1,368 19 1.4 San Luis 5,172 14 0.3 1084 1 0.1 6,177 88 1.4 San Roque (Pob.) 4,251 8 0.2 895 0 0 5,124 34 0.7 Sta. Cruz 5,960 3 0.1 1266 1 0.1 7,053 33 0.5

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 18 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 4. Proportion of Households Living in Makeshift Housing, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 10 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

San Isidro (Pob.) 1,381 13.2 San Roque (Pob.) 557 7.5 Cupang 1,193 6.3 San Luis 542 5.9 San Juan 91 5.2 Inarawan 195 4.5 Mambugan 358 4.4 Santa Cruz 379 3.7 San Jose (Pob.) 456 2.9 Muntindilaw 82 2.9

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 19 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 5. Proportion of Households who are Informal Settlers, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 10 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

San Isidro (Pob.) 1,461 13.9 Cupang 2,496 13.2 Mayamot 351 4.6 San Juan 65 3.7 Mambugan 280 3.5 San Luis 281 3.0 Muntindilaw 84 3.0 Bagong Nayon 197 2.7 Sta. Cruz 231 2.3 San Roque (Pob.) 149 2.0

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 20 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 6. Proportion of Households without Access to Safe Water Supply by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 10 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

Calawis 986 94.1 San Juan 956 54.9 Inarawan 1,053 24.3 San Jose (Pob.) 3,380 21.3 San Luis 1,866 20.2 Cupang 3,269 17.3 Bagong Nayon 659 9.2 San Roque (Pob.) 513 6.9 Mambugan 290 3.6 Dalig 228 3.3

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 21 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 7. Proportion of Households without Access to Sanitary Toilet Facilities, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 13 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

Calawis 177 16.9 San Juan 38 2.2 San Luis 139 1.5 San Jose (Pob.) 186 1.2 Muntindilaw 34 1.2 Bagong Nayon 51 0.7 Mayamot 40 0.5 San Roque (Pob.) 28 0.4 Dalig 18 0.3 Cupang 43 0.2 San Isidro (Pob.) 22 0.2 Sta. Cruz 21 0.2 Mambugan 14 0.2

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 22 Table 2. Housing, Water and Sanitation Indicators, by Barangay, City of Antipolo, 2011-2012

B a ra n g a y Households living in Households who are Households without access Households without access makeshift housing informal settlers to safe water supply to sanitary toilet facilities

M a g ni tu de P r o p or t i o n M a g ni tu de P r o p or t i o n M a g ni tu de P r o p or t i o n M a g ni tu de P r o p or t i o n

Bagong Nayon 126 1.8 197 2.7 659 9.2 51 0.7 Beverly Hills 0 0 0 0.0 4 2.4 0 0 Calawis 18 1.7 17 1.6 986 94.1 177 16.9 Cupang 1,193 6.3 2,496 13.2 3,269 17.3 43 0.2 Dalig 124 1.8 21 0.3 228 3.3 18 0.3 Dela Paz (Pob.) 195 1.9 33 0.3 315 3.1 15 0.1 Inarawan 195 4.5 8 0.2 1,053 24.3 4 0.1 Mambugan 358 4.4 280 3.5 290 3.6 14 0.2 Mayamot 113 1.5 351 4.6 151 2.0 40 0.5 Muntindilaw 82 2.9 84 3.0 50 1.8 34 1.2 San Isidro (Pob.) 1,381 13.2 1,461 13.9 85 0.8 22 0.2 San Jose (Pob.) 456 2.9 138 0.9 3,380 21.3 186 1.2 San Juan 91 5.2 65 3.7 956 54.9 38 2.2 San Luis 542 5.9 281 3.0 1,866 20.2 139 1.5 San Roque (Pob.) 557 7.5 149 2.0 513 6.9 28 0.4 Sta. Cruz 379 3.7 231 2.3 327 3.2

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 23 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 8. Proportion of Children 6-11 years old Not Attending Elementary School, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 10 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

Inarawan 742 26.7 Calawis 144 20.4 Dalig 843 19.6 San Luis 1,112 19.0 San Roque (Pob.) 846 17.9 Mambugan 807 17.7 San Juan 205 17.6 San Isidro (Pob.) 1,053 17.5 San Jose (Pob.) 1,738 17.2 Sta. Cruz 1,069 16.9

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 24 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 9. Proportion of Children 12-15 years old Not Attending High School, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 10 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n Calawis 247 57.2 Inarawan 845 50.7 San Juan 328 46.1 Sta. Cruz 1,741 44.1 Bagong Nayon 1,121 43.7 San Luis 1,620 43.6 San Jose (Pob.) 2,757 43.5 San Roque (Pob.) 1,286 42.7 Dalig 1,120 41.5 San Isidro (Pob.) 1,690 41.4

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 25 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 10. Proportion of Children 6-15 years old Not Attending School, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 10 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

Inarawan 984 22.1 Calawis 188 16.5 San Luis 984 10.3 Sta. Cruz 1,023 9.9 Dalig 683 9.8 San Jose (Pob.) 1,512 9.2 Bagong Nayon 611 9.0 Mambugan 665 8.9 San Roque (Pob.) 674 8.7 San Juan 162 8.6

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 26 Table 3. Education Indicators, by Barangay, City of Antipolo, 2011-2012

B a ra n g a y Number of Children not attending Number of Children not attending Number of Children not ch ildren elementary school ch ildren high school ch ildren attending school (6-11 years old) (6-11 years old) (12-15 years old) (12-15 years old) (6-15 years old) (6-15 years old)

M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n M ag nitude P r o p or t i o n M ag nitude P r o p or t i o n

Bagong Nayon 4,203 664 15.8 2,568 1,121 43.7 6,771 611 9.0 Beverly Hills 54 7 13.0 59 21 35.6 113 9 8.0 Calawis 705 144 20.4 432 247 57.2 1,137 188 16.5 Cupang 11,309 1,738 15.4 6,795 2,795 41.1 18,104 1,345 7.4 Dalig 4,303 843 19.6 2,698 1,120 41.5 7,001 683 9.8 Dela Paz (Pob.) 6,069 638 10.5 4,142 1,402 33.8 10,211 681 6.7 Inarawan 2,776 742 26.7 1,668 845 50.7 4,444 984 22.1 Mambugan 4,564 807 17.7 2,873 1,174 40.9 7,437 665 8.9 Mayamot 3,871 488 12.6 2,546 888 34.9 6,417 394 6.1 Muntindilaw 1,522 243 16.0 1,067 400 37.5 2,589 220 8.5 San Isidro (Pob.) 6,027 1,053 17.5 4,087 1,690 41.4 10,114 853 8.4 San Jose (Pob.) 10,093 1,738 17.2 6,334 2,757 43.5 16,427 1,512 9.2 San Juan 1,167 205 17.6 711 328 46.1 1,878 162 8.6 San Luis 5,848 1,112 19.0 3,716 1,620 43.6 9,564 984 10.3 San Roque (Pob.) 4,735 846 17.9 3,015 1,286 42.7 7,750 674 8.7 Sta. Cruz 6,338 1,069 16.9 3,949 1,741 44.1 10,287 1,023 9.9

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 27 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 11. Proportion of Households with Income Below the Poverty Threshold, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 10 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

Calawis 563 53.7 San Juan 389 22.3 San Jose (Pob.) 3,420 21.6 Sta. Cruz 2,057 20.2 Inarawan 862 19.9 San Isidro (Pob.) 1,967 18.8 San Luis 1,698 18.4 Cupang 3,086 16.4 Dalig 1,132 16.2 Mambugan 1,289 16.0

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 28 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 12. Proportion of Households with Income Below the Food Threshold, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 10 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

Calawis 422 40.3 San Jose (Pob.) 1,679 10.6 San Juan 180 10.3 Santa Cruz 1,013 9.9 Inarawan 394 9.1 San Isidro (Pob.) 909 8.7 San Luis 791 8.6 Muntingdilaw 215 7.6 Cupang 1,422 7.5 Dalig 518 7.4

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 29 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 13. Proportion of Households who Experienced Hunger due to Food Shortage, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 11 Barangays B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

Calawis 25 2.4 San Luis 143 1.6 Dalig 85 1.2 San Isidro (Pob.) 108 1.0 San Juan 18 1.0 Sta. Cruz 67 0.7 San Roque (Pob.) 28 0.4 San Jose (Pob.) 50 0.3 Bagong Nayon 18 0.3 Dela Paz (Pob.) 16 0.2 Inarawan 7 0.2

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 30 Table 4. Income Indicators, by Barangay, City of Antipolo, 2011-2012

B a ra n g a y Households with income Households with income Households who experienced below the poverty threshold below the food threshold hunger due to food shortage M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

Bagong Nayon 1,139 15.9 511 7.1 18 0.3 Beverly Hills 15 9.0 10 6.0 0 0 Calawis 563 53.7 422 40.3 25 2.4 Cupang 3,086 16.4 1,422 7.5 10 0.1 Dalig 1,132 16.2 518 7.4 85 1.2 Dela Paz (Pob.) 1,370 13.6 562 5.6 16 0.2 Inarawan 862 19.9 394 9.1 7 0.2 Mambugan 1,289 16.0 550 6.8 5 0.1 Mayamot 952 12.5 403 5.3 7 0.1 Muntindilaw 451 15.9 215 7.6 4 0.1 San Isidro (Pob.) 1,967 18.8 909 8.7 108 1.0 San Jose (Pob.) 3,420 21.6 1,679 10.6 50 0.3 San Juan 389 22.3 180 10.3 18 1.0 San Luis 1,698 18.4 791 8.6 143 1.6 San Roque (Pob.) 1,062 14.3 415 5.6 28 0.4 Sta. Cruz 2,057 20.2 1,013 9.9 67 0.7

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 31 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 14. Unemployment Rate (15 years old and above), by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 10 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

San Luis 1556 11.0 San Isidro (Pob.) 1733 10.9 Inarawan 668 10.6 San Juan 317 10.6 Dela Paz (Pob.) 1743 10.2 Dalig 1173 10.1 San Roque (Pob.) 1081 9.2 Sta. Cruz 1409 8.9 Cupang 2301 8.1 Mambugan 951 7.6

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 32 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 15. Proportion of Persons who are Victims of Crime, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 7 Barangays

B ar a n g a y M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

Cupang 170 0.2 San Isidro (Pob.) 105 0.2 San Roque (Pob.) 49 0.1 San Luis 44 0.1 Mayamot 27 0.1 Bagong Nayon 18 0.1 San Juan 6 0.1

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 33 Table 5. Unemployment and Victims of Crime Indicators, by Barangay, City of Antipolo, 2011-2012

B a ra n g a y Number of persons Unemployment rate Persons who are victims of in the labor force (15 years old and above) crim es (15 years old and above) M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n M ag n i tu d e P r o p or t i o n

Bagong Nayon 11,185 825 7.4 18 0.1 Beverly Hills 262 5 1.9 0 0 Calawis 1,537 61 4.0 0 0 Cupang 28,397 2301 8.1 170 0.2 Dalig 11,576 1173 10.1 13 0.0 Dela Paz (Pob.) 17,127 1743 10.2 7 0.0 Inarawan 6,301 668 10.6 3 0.0 Mambugan 12,448 951 7.6 16 0.0 Mayamot 11,560 630 5.4 27 0.1 Muntindilaw 4,447 231 5.2 6 0.0 San Isidro (Pob.) 15,868 1733 10.9 105 0.2 San Jose (Pob.) 23,771 1651 6.9 17 0 San Juan 2,999 317 10.6 6 0.1 San Luis 14,095 1556 11.0 44 0.1 San Roque (Pob.) 11,800 1081 9.2 49 0.1 Sta. Cruz 15,866 1409 8.9 12 0.0

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 34 CBMS Poverty Maps: City of Antipolo

Map 16. CBMS Composite Indicator, by Barangay, 2011-2012

Bottom 13 Barangays

B ar a n g a y A v er a g e Calawis 2.3 San Juan 1.2 Inarawan 0.8 San Luis 0.8 Cupang 0.8 San Isidro (Pob.) 0.8 San Jose (Pob.) 0.7 Sta. Cruz 0.6 San Roque (Pob.) 0.6 Bagong Nayon 0.5 Dalig 0.5 Mambugan 0.5 Muntindilaw 0.5

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 35 Table 6. CBMS Composite Indicator, by Barangay, City of Antipolo, 2011-2012

B a ra n g a y CBMS Composite Indicator

Bagong Nayon 0.5 Beverly Hills 0.3 Calawis 2.3 Cupang 0.8 Dalig 0.5 Dela Paz (Pob.) 0.4 Inarawan 0.8 Mambugan 0.5 Mayamot 0.4 Muntindilaw 0.5 San Isidro (Pob.) 0.8 San Jose (Pob.) 0.7 San Juan 1.2 San Luis 0.8 San Roque (Pob.) 0.6 Sta. Cruz 0.6

The Many Faces of Poverty (Volume 5) 36