DOCSLIB.ORG

IPA REVIEW ESTABLISHED in 1947 by CHARLES KEMP, FOUNDING DIRECTOR of the INSTITUTE of PUBLIC AFFAIRS Vol

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

IPA REVIEW ESTABLISHED IN 1947 BY CHARLES KEMP, FOUNDING DIRECTOR OF THE INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS Vol. 45 No. 4,1992 Business Must Defend Itself 6 Australia, Vanuatu and the British Connection 48 Richard Craig Mark Uhlmann The current campaign against foreign-owned The view that Australia has been the pawn of British companies in Australia is misguided. foreign policy in the South Pacific is false. Bounties or Tariffs, Someone Pays 12 Millennium: Getting Tribal Rites Wrong 51 Bert Kelly Ron Brunton The cost of protection — whatever its form — must A lavish production, with a vacuous message. be borne by somebody. Menzies and the Middle Class 53 The New Constitutionalism 13 C.D. Kemp Kenneth Minogue Menzies embodied the best and the worst of his Changing constitutions is a fashionable, but `forgotten people. unreliable way of achieving political objectives. Catholicisms Condition 56 The Constitution and its Confused Critics 15 T.C. de Lacey S.E.K Hulme All is not well in the Catholic Church, but Paul Calls to update The Constitution are ill-informed. Collinss `remedies would only make things worse. Blowing the Police Whistle 20 Eric Home Whistleblowers need legislative protection. Genesis Revisited 26 From the Editor Brian J. OBrien Revolution and restraint in capitalism. In the beginning the earth was formless — then there were forms in triplicate. Moore Economics 4 Des Moore Reforming Public Sector Enterprises 30 How Victoria found itself in such a mess. Bill Scales Why its urgent and how to approach it. IPA Indicators 8 Social class figures hardly at all in Australians Delivery Postponed ^" J 34 definition of themselves. Nick Renton ^,;tt^^ r Australia Posts customers deserve better than a Debate 10 money-back guarantee. Should prostitution be legal? A Revolution in the Public Service 35 Strange Times 24 Derek Parker Ken Baker Party policy now extends deep into the machinery of "World opinion" looks to Labor. 1 government. Down to Earth 27 Third-Born Children: The New Scapegoats 37 Ron Brunton Rita M. Joseph No risk, no gain. Senator Coulter has stepped onto a slippery path with IPA News and Directors Report 61 his advocacy of population control. Supply-Side Demography 39 Karl Zinsmeister Editor: Ken Baker Population control policies assume that people only Design: Bob Calwell Associates. Production Assistant: Tracey Seto. Editorial Assistant: Robert Stove. Advertising: Rod Tremain Media consume and pollute. Ph: (02) 955 3545; Fx (02) 955 3646. Printing: Wilke Color, 37 Browns Road, Clayton, 3168. Updating Family Values 43 Brian Trainor Published by the Institute of Public Affairs Ltd (Incorporated in the ACT). ACN 008 627 727. ISSN: 1030 4177. Family policy needs to reflect the experiences and Editorial and Production Office: Ground Floor, 128-136 Jolimont aspirations of real women. Road, Jolimont, Vic, 3002. Ph: (03) 654 7499; Fx: (03) 650 7627. Letter from America 45 Subscriptions: $40 per annum (includes quarterly Facts). Harry Gelber Unsolicited manuscripts are welcomed. However, potential cc,a- tributors are advised to discuss proposals for articles with the Editor. The US election result reveals curious underlying Views expressed in the publications of the IPA are those of the trends. authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Institute. FRO M THE E D I T O R Enterprise and Virtue once received a letter from a lady, in were closed, selfishness would equation moral qualms, ennui, or the Iresponse to an article I had written diminish. In fact, self-interest would work ethic , but that their influence is on politics and the churches, rebuking find another, almost certainly less hard to quantify or predict is no excuse me for having been critical of the social productive, outlet (in the seeking of for failing to take adequate account of justice statements of certain church political power, for example). Egoism is them. commissions. "After all," she wrote, universal; prosperity is not. The market Perhaps this criticism is unfair. "its not the churches fault if God is a system does not create avarice; it merely We cannot expect economists to be socialist." Socialism may have fallen recognizes the role of egoism in human psychologists or moral philosophers, from grace since then but, in the wake motivation and harnesses it to produc- any more than we are justified in finding of the turbulent 1980s, the moral status tive purposes, from which the whole fault with engineers because they are of private enterprise in the eyes of the society benefits. As Adam Smith ob- not also poets. An engineer does not public has not improved as a conse- served, the butcher does not supply his need poetry to build a sturdy bridge: all quence. Church commissions are not customers with meat because he loves he needs to understand are the proper- alone in their view that the free market, them, but because he profits from the ties of inert matter and the laws of whatever its practical merits, is a moral- transaction. The transaction is entered physics. But the subject matter of an ly impoverished system, an impression into voluntarily because both parties see economist is not inert matter: it is man. reinforced by depictions of the business benefits to themselves. Any system, As Hayek, an economist who under- world in films such as Wall Street and however noble its ideals, which does not stood this, said, an economist who is Pretty Woman and, occasionally, as take account of the egoism embedded only an economist is not a good Richard Craig notes in this IPA Review, in human nature is destined to fail. economist. Human motivation is far in television series such as Murphy more convoluted than the model of the Brown. `Greed is good is seen as the rational calculator allows. David Hume maxim of the market. The free-market Taking Morality out wrote that human life is governed more philosophy, concurs J.K. Galbraith, is of the Market by passion and fortune than by reason. merely a rationalization of selfishness. For a long time the best historians, That this view has currency has Nevertheless, there is more to the psychologists, philosophers and writers serious implications for business. It spirit of enterprise than enlightened have known that human action arises enables the opponents of business suc- self-interest. In this, Galbraith has a out of a complex interaction of rational cessfully to claim the high moral ground point: free-marketeers have too often and irrational, conscious and uncon- in their campaigns. Green groups and been guilty of divorcing morality from scious intentions and drives, often cul- radical consumerist organizations can markets. Some, such as Ayn Rand, have turally conditioned. Successful present themselves as defenders of the elevated egoism to a moral imperative advertisers seem often to comprehend public interest against companies which (one of her best-known tracts is The this better than do economists. pursue only narrow selfish interests. Virtue of Selfishness). Milton Friedman The poorer the moral reputation of expounds the view that the sole duty of business, the more conducive is the business managers is to maximize Liberation and Restraint political climate to the enactment of profits (albeit within the limits of the law hostile government regulation. and the ethical customs of society). If the spirit of enterprise is more It is true, of course, that the More generally, economists have than enlightened self-interest, of what enlightened pursuit of self-interest is tended to base their explanations on a does it consist? This is an important and central to the free-market philosophy. utilitarian model of man as the rational intriguing question to which there is no Where Galbraith and his supporters are calculator of costs and benefits. It might easy answer. It invites speculation. wrong is in assuming that if markets be difficult to factor in to an economic There seem to be two conflicting IPA Review, Vol. 45 No. 4, 1992 FROM THE EDITOR moral impulses which drive Western industries and new corporate images. Wall Street Journal), Johnson was capitalist economies: one liberating, the The other side to capitalism is prodigal, enormously ambitious and other restrainng. The former is sug- what, since the 19th century, has been perpetually unsettled. When Nabisco gested by the title of a book by the called — usually pejoratively — the merged with the leading tobacco com- American sociologist Peter Berger: The bourgeois ethos: the virtues of per- pany, RJ Reynolds, Johnson was Capitalist Revolution. Contrary to the sonal responsibility, sobriety, prudence, obliged to set up residence in Winston- left-wing view of capitalism as a reac- thrift, diligence, punctuality, honesty, Salem, North Carolina, which had tionary force, the free market has been civic pride and constancy. These are all housed RJ Reynolds Industries for over probably the most revolutionary force secular versions of the Protestant ethic 100 years. The entire city relied on the in human history. No other form of which Max Weber identified as pivotal industry; it was the towns lifeblood. But economic organization has so trans- to the spirit of capitalism. small town life bored Johnson. "You formed the societies which it has Both moral impulses — the revolu- keep running into the same people over touched. Marx saw this and wrote about tionary and the bourgeois — are essen- and over," he complained to his New it, in somewhat colourful terms, in his tial to the buoyancy of business activity York friends. Johnsons ostentation Communist Manifesto: and thus of the economy. Without the aroused suspicion among the locals and spirit of innovation and risk-taking in the speed at which he purged the ranks "The bourgeoisie, during its rule business, the economy stagnates. of Reynolds old guard unnerved them. of scarce one hundred years, has Most weekends he took the corporate created more massive and more jet to some distant golf club, or tended colossal productive forces than to his suntan in Florida, or roamed have all preceding generations Risk-taking untempered Manhattan.
Recommended publications
  • Pol.9100.0001.0616 0001

    Pol.9100.0001.0616 0001

    POL.9100.0001.0616_0001 Dear Commissioner, WHEREAS Australia has one of the strongest and most stable banking, superannuation and financial services industries in the world, which performs critical roles in pinning under the Australian economy, yielding profit for the Money Power, shareholders and their acolytes and burdening the citizens of Australia who have little choice but to use this industry. A banking industry serving the prophesied "Banana Republic" with its demolished productive sector AND a superannuation industry from which said acolytes may siphon AND a financial services industry boasting speculation which dwarfs that of the "Pokie Nation", non-banking speculative sector. AND Australia's banking system is systemically strong and applies this strength in concealing its speculative activities and squashing what is left of the productive sector under internationally recognised and world's best prudential regulation and oversight on behalf of the Money Power. AND most Australians are consumers of banking, superannuation and other financial services. The superannuation system alone has created more than a $2 trillion retirement savings pool. AND this superannuation continues to grow rapidly and compels all working Australians to defer income today for their retirement, which most may never see because of siphoning mentioned earlier. AND to fulfil the prophesied end of "the age of entitlement" all banking entities are being protected by Too-Big-To-Fail status, able to be propped up at all cost regardless of detriment to individual citizens (through 100% bail-in of 100% of financial instruments by APRA) and the collective Australian public (through bailout by the Australian Government) so that further the prophesy may be fulfilled that "the poorest people either don't have cars or actually don't drive very far in many cases".
  • Ensuring a Sustainable Australian Steel Industry in the 2020S and Beyond

    Ensuring a Sustainable Australian Steel Industry in the 2020S and Beyond

    ENSURING A SUSTAINABLE AUSTRALIAN STEEL INDUSTRY IN THE 2020s AND BEYOND WHITE PAPER | OCTOBER 2020 www.steel.org.au 02 8748 0180 [email protected] ABOUT THE The Australian Steel Institute (ASI) is the nation’s peak body representing the entire AUSTRALIAN steel supply chain, from the primary producers right through to end users in building and construction, resources, heavy engineering and STEEL INSTITUTE manufacturing. Steel is the backbone of Australia’s construction, resources, infrastructure and manufacturing sectors. It is a vital and COORDINATION sustainable source of innovation, employment and capability in The ASI acts as the focal point for the steel industry, providing our cities and our regional communities. leadership on all major strategic issues affecting the industry. A member-based organisation, the ASI’s activities extend It focuses particularly on economic, environmental and social to, and promote, advocacy and support, steel excellence, sustainability, and works with government, the media and other standards and compliance, training, events and publications. associations to provide an independent voice for industry. This includes promoting the advantages of local content LEADERSHIP AND ADVOCACY procurement in the nation’s interest, both to the client and to government. The ASI provides marketing and technical leadership to promote Australian-made steel as the preferred material to TECHNICAL SUPPORT the building, construction, resources, and manufacturing industries, as well as policy advocacy to government. The technical support arm of the ASI facilitates events and technical training at both shop floor vocational and degree It exists to represent the Australian steel industry and to qualified continuing professional development level, as well support its future growth, so that the industry can maintain and as case study seminars and awards.
  • WELLBEING, RESILIENCE and PROSPERITY for AUSTRALIA FINANCIAL SYSTEM INQUIRY March 2014

    WELLBEING, RESILIENCE and PROSPERITY for AUSTRALIA FINANCIAL SYSTEM INQUIRY March 2014

    WELLBEING, RESILIENCE AND PROSPERITY FOR AUSTRALIA FINANCIAL SYSTEM INQUIRY March 2014 CBA0416 FSI Doc_Final.indd 1 31/03/14 5:46 PM COMMONWEALTH BANK’S SUBMISSION IS FOCUSED ON IMPROVING THE LONG-TERM WELLBEING OF AUSTRALIANS, CONSISTENT WITH OUR VISION TO SECURE AND ENHANCE THE FINANCIAL WELLBEING OF PEOPLE, BUSINESSES AND COMMUNITIES. COMMBANK CAN. CBA0416 FSI Doc_Final.indd 2 31/03/14 5:46 PM TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 SECTION IV: SAFEGUARDING SECTION I: AUSTRALIA’S RETIREMENT BUILDING ON SOLID WITH A SUSTAINABLE FINANCIAL SYSTEM SUPERANNUATION FOUNDATIONS 9 SYSTEM 72 CHAPTER 1: HOW THE FINANCIAL CHAPTER 10: IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY SYSTEM HAS SUPPORTED OF THE SUPERANNUATION SYSTEM 72 ECONOMIC STABILITY 9 CHAPTER 11: FUND AUSTRALIA’S CHAPTER 2: A FREE MARKET RETIREMENT 79 PHILOSOPHY FOR AUSTRALIA’S FINANCIAL SYSTEM 24 SECTION V: CHAPTER 3: POSITIONING AUSTRALIA ENHANCING REGULATORY FOR A PROSPEROUS FUTURE 27 EFFICIENCY 87 SECTION II: CHAPTER 12: IMPROVE EFFICIENCY SUPPORTING A STRONG AND ADAPTABILITY OF THE REGULATORY SYSTEM 87 BANKING SYSTEM 33 CHAPTER 4: ENSURE SUSTAINABLE SECTION VI: FUNDING FOR AUSTRALIAN BANKS 34 ADDRESSING OTHER CHAPTER 5: ENABLE COMPARABILITY IMPORTANT ISSUES FOR OF AUSTRALIAN BANK CAPITAL CUSTOMERS 96 RATIOS TO INTERNATIONAL PEERS 42 CHAPTER 6: EMBED A SUPPORTIVE CHAPTER 13: IMPROVE FINANCIAL OPERATING FRAMEWORK FOR LITERACY 96 AUSTRALIAN BANKS 47 CHAPTER 14: FUND INFRASTRUCTURE CHAPTER 7: ENSURE AN APPROPRIATE DEVELOPMENT 102 FRAMEWORK FOR THE SHADOW CHAPTER 15: IMPROVE ACCESS BANKING SECTOR 52 TO
  • Adt-NU20050104.16174502Whole

    Adt-NU20050104.16174502Whole

    Banking on the Customer ‘BANKING ON THE CUSTOMER’ Customer Relations, Employment Relations, and Worker Identity in the Australian Retail Banking Industry Leanne Cutcher Work and Organisational Studies School of Business Faculty of Economics and Business The University of Sydney Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2004 Banking on the Customer In memory of My mother, Joan Lyddiard. Banking on the Customer Declaration I declare the work contained in this thesis is the result of original research and has not been submitted for a higher degree at any other university. Banking on the Customer ABSTRACT Previously consigned to the anonymity of ‘the product market’ by researchers in traditional fields such as labour economics and industrial relations, the customer has recently attracted the attention of scholars from a diverse range of disciplines, including organisational behaviour, work psychology, labour process studies, gender studies, and critical management studies. In large part, this emerging interest in the customer is a result of the increasing dominance of service industries in developed economies and the recognition that service work entails a complex, three-way interaction between customers, management and workers. The literature identifies a range of competing and, at times, contradictory images of the customer. Rather than seeking to reconcile these competing representations, this thesis explores the multi- faceted nature of the customer presence and the implications for managers and workers in the retail banking industry in Australia. The thesis highlights how structural change and shifting discourses of the ‘customer’ have influenced customer relations, employment relations, and worker identity in three areas of the retail banking industry: traditional retail banks, the credit union movement, and community banks.
  • STOLEN GENERATIONS’ REPORT by RON BRUNTON

    STOLEN GENERATIONS’ REPORT by RON BRUNTON

    BETRAYING Backgrounder THE VICTIMS THE ‘STOLEN GENERATIONS’ REPORT by RON BRUNTON The seriousness of the ‘stolen generations’ issue should not be underestimated, and Aborigines are fully entitled to demand an acknowledgement of the wrongs that many of them suffered at the hands of various authorities. But both those who were wronged and the nation as a whole are also entitled to an honest and rigorous assessment of the past. This should have been the task of the ‘stolen generations’ inquiry. Unfortunately, however, the Inquiry’s report, Bringing Them Home, is one of the most intellectually and morally irresponsible official documents produced in recent years. In this Backgrounder, Ron Brunton carefully examines a number of matters covered by the report, such as the representativeness of the cases it discussed, its comparison of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal child removals, and its claim that the removal of Aboriginal children constituted ‘genocide’. He shows how the report is fatally compromised by serious failings. Amongst many others, these failings include omitting crucial evidence, misrepresenting important sources, making assertions that are factually wrong or highly questionable, applying contradictory principles at different times so as to make the worst possible case against Australia, and confusing different circumstances under which removals occurred in order to give the impression that nearly all separations were ‘forced’. February 1998, Vol. 10/1, rrp $10.00 BETRAYING THE VICTIMS: THE ‘STOLEN GENERATIONS’ REPORT bitterness that other Australians need to comprehend INTRODUCTION and overcome. A proper recognition of the injustices that Aborigi- nes suffered is not just a matter of creating opportuni- ties for reparations, despite the emphasis that the Bring- The Inquiry and its background ing Them Home report places on monetary compensa- Bringing Them Home, the report of the National Inquiry tion (for example, pages 302–313; Recommendations into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Is- 14–20).
  • Tatz MIC Castan Essay Dec 2011

    Tatz MIC Castan Essay Dec 2011

    Indigenous Human Rights and History: occasional papers Series Editors: Lynette Russell, Melissa Castan The editors welcome written submissions writing on issues of Indigenous human rights and history. Please send enquiries including an abstract to arts- [email protected]. ISBN 978-0-9872391-0-5 Genocide in Australia: By Accident or Design? Colin Tatz © Indigenous Human Rights and History Vol 1(1). The essays in this series are fully refereed. Editorial committee: John Bradley, Melissa Castan, Stephen Gray, Zane Ma Rhea and Lynette Russell. Genocide in Australia: By Accident or Design? Colin Tatz © Colin Tatz 1 CONTENTS Editor’s Acknowledgements …… 3 Editor’s introduction …… 4 The Context …… 11 Australia and the Genocide Convention …… 12 Perceptions of the Victims …… 18 Killing Members of the Group …… 22 Protection by Segregation …… 29 Forcible Child Removals — the Stolen Generations …… 36 The Politics of Amnesia — Denialism …… 44 The Politics of Apology — Admissions, Regrets and Law Suits …… 53 Eyewitness Accounts — the Killings …… 58 Eyewitness Accounts — the Child Removals …… 68 Moving On, Moving From …… 76 References …… 84 Appendix — Some Known Massacre Sites and Dates …… 100 2 Acknowledgements The Editors would like to thank Dr Stephen Gray, Associate Professor John Bradley and Dr Zane Ma Rhea for their feedback on earlier versions of this essay. Myles Russell-Cook created the design layout and desk-top publishing. Financial assistance was generously provided by the Castan Centre for Human Rights Law and the School of Journalism, Australian and Indigenous Studies. 3 Editor’s introduction This essay is the first in a new series of scholarly discussion papers published jointly by the Monash Indigenous Centre and the Castan Centre for Human Rights Law.
  • AUSTRALIA Executive Summary

    AUSTRALIA Executive Summary

    Underwritten by CASH AND TREASURY MANAGEMENT COUNTRY REPORT AUSTRALIA Executive Summary Banking Australia’s central bank, the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA), is an independent body with sole responsibility for monetary policy, as well as other central bank functions such as banker to the state, lender of last resort and issuer of notes and coin. The RBA is also charged with maintaining the stability of the financial system, but financial sector supervision is undertaken by the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA). The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) collects information on balance of payments statistics using monthly, quarterly and annual surveys, and administrative data. All resident companies engaging in transactions with non-residents are surveyed annually, apart from approximately 1,000 resident companies engaging in the largest amount of transactions with non-resident companies which submit international investment surveys every quarter. Approximately 1,600 resident companies submit International Trade in Services (SITS) monthly surveys. Unprompted reporting is not required and companies are contacted individually. Resident entities are permitted to hold convertible domestic and foreign currency bank accounts within and outside Australia. Non-resident entities are permitted to hold convertible domestic and foreign currency bank accounts within Australia. The banking system is dominated by National Australia Bank, Commonwealth Bank of Australia, ANZ Bank and Westpac, and also includes another 27 domestic commercial banks, seven foreign bank subsidiaries, 45 branches of foreign banks, 15 representative offices of foreign banks, 4 building societies and 46 credit unions. Payments Australia’s national payment system includes the Reserve Bank Information and Transfer System (RITS), the High-Value Clearing System (HVCS), the Australian Paper Clearing System (APCS), the Bulk Electronic Clearing System (BECS) and the Issuers and Acquirers Community (IAC).
  • FIGHTING OVER COUNTRY: Anthropological Perspectives

    FIGHTING OVER COUNTRY: Anthropological Perspectives

    FIGHTING OVER COUNTRY: Anthropological Perspectives Edited by D.E. Smith and J. Finlayson Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research The Australian National University, Canberra Research Monograph No. 12 1997 First published in Australia 1997. Printed by Instant Colour Press, Canberra, Australia. © Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research, The Australian National University. This book is copyright Apart from any fair dealings for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission. Inquiries should be directed to the publisher, Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia. National Library of Australia. Cataloguing-in-publication entry. Fighting over country: anthropological perspectives ISBN 07315 2561 2. 1. Aborigines, Australian - Land tenure. 2. Native title - Australia. 3. Torres Strait Islanders - Land tenure. 4. Land use - Australia. I. Finlayson, Julie, n. Smith, Diane (Diane Evelyn). ID. The Australian National University. Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research. (Series: Research monograph (The Australian National University. Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research); no. 12). 306.320899915 Acknowledgments A number of people assisted in the organisation and conduct of the workshop Fighting Over Country: Anthropological Perspectives held in Canberra in late September 1996. The workshop was the latest in a series sponsored by the Australian Anthropological Society focusing on land rights and native title issues. Diane Smith, Julie Finlayson, Francesca Merlan, Mary Edmunds and David Trigger formed the organising committee, and ongoing administrative support was provided by the Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research (CAEPR). The Native Titles Research Unit of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) provided modest but very helpful financial assistance towards catering for the workshop.
  • Productivity in the Mining Industry: Measurement and Interpretation, Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper, December

    Productivity in the Mining Industry: Measurement and Interpretation, Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper, December

    Productivity in the Mining Industry: Productivity Commission Measurement and Interpretation Staff Working Paper December 2008 Vernon Topp Leo Soames Dean Parham Harry Bloch The views expressed in this paper are those of the staff involved and do not reflect those of the Productivity Commission. @ COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA 2008 ISBN 978-1-74037-271-8 This work is subject to copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, the work may be reproduced in whole or in part for study or training purposes, subject to the inclusion of an acknowledgment of the source. Reproduction for commercial use or sale requires prior written permission from the Attorney-General’s Department. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney-General’s Department, Robert Garran Offices, National Circuit, Canberra ACT 2600. This publication is available in hard copy or PDF format from the Productivity Commission website at www.pc.gov.au. If you require part or all of this publication in a different format, please contact Media and Publications (see below). Publications Inquiries: Media and Publications Productivity Commission Locked Bag 2 Collins Street East Melbourne VIC 8003 Tel: (03) 9653 2244 Fax: (03) 9653 2303 Email: [email protected] General Inquiries: Tel: (03) 9653 2100 or (02) 6240 3200 An appropriate citation for this paper is: Topp, V., Soames, L., Parham, D. and Bloch, H. 2008, Productivity in the Mining Industry: Measurement and Interpretation, Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper, December. JEL code: D, Q The Productivity Commission The Productivity Commission, is the Australian Government’s independent research and advisory body on a range of economic, social and environmental issues affecting the welfare of Australians.
  • Black and White Children in Welfare in New South Wales and Tasmania, 1880-1940

    Black and White Children in Welfare in New South Wales and Tasmania, 1880-1940

    ‘Such a Longing’ Black and white children in welfare in New South Wales and Tasmania, 1880-1940 Naomi Parry PhD August 2007 THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: Parry First name: Naomi Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: PhD School: History Faculty: Arts and Social Sciences Title: ‘Such a longing’: Black and white children in welfare in New South Wales and Tasmania, 1880-1940 Abstract 350 words maximum: When the Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission tabled Bringing them home, its report into the separation of indigenous children from their families, it was criticised for failing to consider Indigenous child welfare within the context of contemporary standards. Non-Indigenous people who had experienced out-of-home care also questioned why their stories were not recognised. This thesis addresses those concerns, examining the origins and history of the welfare systems of NSW and Tasmania between 1880 and 1940. Tasmania, which had no specific policies on race or Indigenous children, provides fruitful ground for comparison with NSW, which had separate welfare systems for children defined as Indigenous and non-Indigenous. This thesis draws on the records of these systems to examine the gaps between ideology and policy and practice. The development of welfare systems was uneven, but there are clear trends. In the years 1880 to 1940 non-Indigenous welfare systems placed their faith in boarding-out (fostering) as the most humane method of caring for neglected and destitute children, although institutions and juvenile apprenticeship were never supplanted by fostering. Concepts of child welfare shifted from charity to welfare; that is, from simple removal to social interventions that would assist children's reform.
  • Contents 183

    Contents 183

    contents 183 Appendices 1. ABC Television Program Analysis 184 2. ABC Radio Networks Content Analysis 186 3. ABC Organisation, as at 30 June 2007 187 4. ABC Board and Board Committees 188 5. ABC Audit and Risk Committee 189 6. ABC Commercial Tax Equivalent Calculation 190 7. Consultants 191 8. Overseas Travel Costs 192 9. Reports Required Under s80 of the ABC Act 192 10. Other Required Reports 192 11. Advertising and Market Research 193 12. Occupational Health and Safety 193 13. Commonwealth Disability Strategy 196 14. Performance Pay 198 15. Staff Profile 198 16. Ecologically Sustainable Development and Environmental Performance 199 17. ABC Advisory Council 199 18. Independent Complaints Review Panel 202 19. Freedom of Information 203 20. ABC Code of Practice 2007 203 21. Performance Against Service Commitment 209 22. ABC Awards 2006–07 210 23. ABC Television Transmission Frequencies 215 APPENDICES 24. ABC Radio Transmission Frequencies 221 25. Radio Australia Frequencies 227 06–07 26. ABC Offices 228 27. ABC Shops 233 ANNUAL REPORT 20 184 Appendices for the year ended 30 June 2007 Appendix 1—ABC Television Program Analysis ABC Television Main Channel Program Hours Transmitted—24 hours Australian Overseas Total First Total First Total 2006 2005 Release Repeat Australian Release Repeat Overseas –07 –06 Arts and Culture 98 112 209 67 40 107 316 254 Children’s 76 432 508 352 1 080 1 432 1 941 2 033 Comedy 1 20 21 33 85 118 139 149 Current Affairs 807 287 1 094 0 1 1 1 095 895 Documentary 57 120 177 213 198 411 588 476 Drama 7 40 46 370
  • Framing the Global Economic Downturn Crisis Rhetoric and the Politics of Recessions

    Framing the Global Economic Downturn Crisis Rhetoric and the Politics of Recessions

    Framing the global economic downturn Crisis rhetoric and the politics of recessions Framing the global economic downturn Crisis rhetoric and the politics of recessions Edited by Paul ’t Hart and Karen Tindall Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/global_economy_citation. html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Framing the global economic downturn : crisis rhetoric and the politics of recessions / editor, Paul ‘t Hart, Karen Tindall. ISBN: 9781921666049 (pbk.) 9781921666056 (pdf) Series: Australia New Zealand School of Government monograph Subjects: Financial crises. Globalization--Economic aspects. Bankruptcy--International cooperation. Crisis management--Political aspects. Political leadership. Decision-making in public administration. Other Authors/Contributors: Hart, Paul ‘t Tindall, Karen. Dewey Number: 352.3 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by John Butcher Cover images sourced from AAP Printed by University Printing Services, ANU Funding for this monograph series has been provided by the Australia and New Zealand School of Government Research Program. This edition © 2009 ANU E Press John Wanna, Series Editor Professor John Wanna is the Sir John Bunting Chair of Public Administration at the Research School of Social Sciences at The Australian National University and is the director of research for the Australian and New Zealand School of Government (ANZSOG). He is also a joint appointment with the Department of Politics and Public Policy at Griffith University and a principal researcher with two research centres: the Governance and Public Policy Research Centre and the nationally-funded Key Centre in Ethics, Law, Justice and Governance at Griffith University.