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Find additional works at: http://yul-fi-prd1.library.yale.internal Manchester Guar s Ian [Lc] 3, Cross Street, Manchester. Cutting from issue dated tiCe.1955. FIRST BASE READY FOR VULCANS • Waddington Aerodrome Waddington Aerodrome, near Lincoln, a war-time operational station, has been prepared as the first base for delta- winged Vulcan . An R.A.F. operational and handling section is waiting for instructions to take delivery of the aircraft from Avro's Woodford airfield in Cheshire. Mr G. R. Ward, Parliamentary Under-Secretary for Air, said at a dinner on Monday night that the Vulcan would be coming into the R.A.F." in a matter of weeks," and that the Victor was not far behind. A Student of the Air rites:w There is now justification for the belief that the delta' configuration for medium and large size bombing aircraft gives them a basic advantage in production and maintenance. There is a likelihood that the four-jet medium may be in the R.A.F. service efore tie Gloster Javelin two-jet ighter. The Vulcan is the world's largest elta-winged aircraft and its engines are Bristol Olympus turbo-jets. The Javelin n the first twin-engined delta aircraft in Britain designed for a specific operational rôle. Both aircraft have undergone minor modifications to their wing plan forms. The Vulcan differs from the Javelin in that it has no horizontal tail surfaces, which, it is claimed, is of advantage in reducing drag and improving control. • At the Farnbordugh show in Septem- ber, Wing-Commander R. Falk, the superintendent of flying of the Avro Company, performed the unprecedented *feat of rolling this large delta-winged machine. Falk has frequently performed the manoeuvre and obtained automatic •recordings during it. It ,has since been claimed that the American B-47 bomber has also been rolled, but in this instance it seems that the aircraft was " barrelled" on a big radius. The Vulcan does a true roll similar to that done by a fighter—an indication of high power of manoeuvre. 7•

ot fernuneretion t.y frill14{C111,11, jsr .t JIMA.I. NAIOTOR SERVICE MANAGER, 31. single. IV& who is Interested in travel and photography. seeki a position with prospects which would combine these three interests: well travelled with at years in Far East, AR 6 Manchester Guardian. LIRCHiASING Executive (40), seeks new P1- Appoirstment: substantial experience 'steels R: and engineering: too-level contacts: acowtorned a manegement stock/purchase control. AP 20 M.G. y's WELL Educated Sales Representative, age 33. th TV seeks position as Sales Manager, or Assistant ion to Manager, where organising abilitY and contacts nc with executives and top buyers in consumable nd goods can be ueed: wilting to Imo companies la ne. other teedts. AR 167 Manchester Guardian. 'he RKS Director seeks appointment, free Wt).lantiary: engineering degree. management consulting experience. lIA 59 M.G. VOlJNG. Active Advertising Agency Account Executive, D.A.A.. A.1.P.A., seek. oppor- tunity to Join Live Expending Agency where ali round capabilities plus experience handling national consumer and technical accounts can be tuned ro mutual advantage. VX 143 M.G. NjOLING Man (28 years old). adaptable, leeks I. to better himself: experienced in engineering anti business, present salary 4800 per annum. Box 775. Esson's Advertising Service, Dublin. Manageresses and Forewomen (31. pft (010 A CCOUNTS MANAGERESS to take charge of 1-8. offices in busy Retail Departmental Store at Halite x mum be fully experienced end able to control staff: knowledge of credit and Check trade beneficial: high selarY. Proat'verla, and security offered: Interview granted at HS ti re . Apply bY letter, stating Present and past situa- tions held, to the Managing Director, H. W. Phillip& and Co.. Ltd.. 4 Rodney St.. Liverpool 1, X4ANAGERESS Wanted for works canteen, .1V.1. Manchester area: to run canteen serving 200 work-people: hours 8 a.m. to 4 p.m., five days: state qualifications and experience. BD 63. DRESS BUYER FENWICK LTD. require for their New- castle business a Buyer for the Dress Department, (Selling price range f6/E25). Applicants should be under 35, and should have a keen sense of fashion. The post, vacant next month, offers an opportunity to join an, independent family firm In which . • 20 al 1955

EXPRESIs

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Tucking its wheels up smartly, the Valiant gets airborne for its record flight to Baghdad, first of six legs to Woomera.

Features and Procedures Observed at Departure

IRST of the V-bombers to go overseas is a M.o.S. Valiant Ceylon, but it reached on Monday. (Serial WP 209), which is spending six months on the The aircraft was captained by W/C. J. Finch, 0.B.E., D.F.C., FWoomera bomb-ballistic range gathering information on A.F.C, who will return to the after about three the trajectory and behaviour various of bombs of weights and weeks, having handed over the aircraft to the co-pilot, SIL. J. R. shapes dropped at the speeds and heights now to be expected from Tanner. Later in the programme Australian crews will probably these bombers. fly the Valiant as well. As we briefly reported last week, the Valiant left Farnborough The departure from Farnborough afforded a first view on July of the 31st to fly to Woomera via Habbaniyah, Karachi, Negom- procedures in getting these large aircraft off the ground and of bo, Singapore and Darwin, the crew taking their time over most of some of the equipment fitted. Both pilots have the the distance, Martin Baker but attempting to set up point-to-point records be- Mk 3 ejector seat and wear the leg-restraint garters associated with tween London and Baghdad and Singapore and Darwin. A record this equipment. None of the crew appeared to wear attempt pressure- over the whole distance was not feasible because the breathing waistcoats, but the new British pressure-demand mask refuelling and starting facilities available to the Canberras in the was in evidence. The other crew members (four on this occasion, England to New Zealand race were no longer there. though there are normally three) wore the new ankle-length boots, The total distance was 9,829 nautical miles, and the first 2,411- Mae Wests and a new type of back-type parachute mile with quick- leg to Habbaniyah was flown in 4 hr 51 min 28.8 sec, at adjusting harness straps and barometric release capsule in addition a speed of 523.482 m.p.h., which is being submitted as a record. to the normal rip-cord. They sit side-by-side in rearward-facing Lack of a spare part held up WP 209 for a week at Negombo, seats low down at the back of the crew compartment and have only two small oval windows, one on each side of the , each of which is inset in an oval door. That to starboard is a crash-escape cxit and the other is the main access door and parachute exit. It hinges upwards and can be jettisoned. A large blast-shield is swung out into the slipstream from inside the doorway to allow the crew to fall clear of the aircraft when baling out. Both pilots eject after jettisoning a roof panel. Valiant WP 209 showed some signs of a night out in dew-laden air and looked a little sad in its drab silver Bomber Command finish; but it is aerodynamically a very clean design. A slight anomaly was the fitting of an external windshield-wiper, presum-

(Lower left) The crew before departure: (I. to r.) WIC. J. Finch, SIL. J. R. Tanner, FIL. A. Sacks, FIL. D. Fish, navigators, FIL. C. R. La Belle, signaller, and Mr. B. A. Maries, M.o.S. engineer. (Left) Preparations for take-off. Baggage is ready for loading and the ground crew stands by. (Below) The five brake cylinders and Maxaret unit on a starboard main wheel. The chock is marked "V-bomber flight." 12 August 1955 211

TAKING SHAPE at Rad- Jett, whence it had been transported from Read- ing, is seen the first pro- totype Handley Page Herald transport, with four Alvis Leonides Major engines. lt wears the livery of Queensland Air- lines and thus adorned should fly in the S.B.A.C. display next month.

60-70 mile belt with manned delta-wing agreement recently signed by the U.S.A. and the United Kingdom. to explore the of Defence runs: "satelloids." A statement by the American Department it may be put on record that much of the original "'These joint agreements will assure a full and logical development Incidentally, requirement. The selec- design-thinking behind the American satellite project was con- programme designed to fulfil the NATO presented by K. W. Gatland, A. M. Kunesch tion of the Fiat, Bréguet and Dassault airframes and the Bristol tained in a paper study of various pro- and A. E. Dixon at the Astronautics Congress in 1950. Dr. Fred engine was based upon a detailed technical has acknowledged that their work posals conducted under the sponsorship of NATO's Advisory Singer, the American authority, the for the project which he later named "Mouse" Group for Aeronautical Research and Development. When laid the foundation been technically evaluated, a (Minimum Orbital Unmanned Satellite, Earth). The subject is prototypes of all three designs have discussed and illustrated in some detail (pages 205-212) in Mr. final decision will be made on production." Garland's book, Development of the Guided Missile, published for Flight by Iliffe and Sons, Ltd. Turboprop Fighter rirHE Republic XF-84H experimental turboprop fighter, Dowty Directorships powered with an Allison XT-40, made its first flight at the WO directorships in companies of Dowty Group, Ltd., are U.S.A.F. Flight Test Centre, Edwards Air Force Base, Cali- E. H. Bowers joins the Board of Dowty Hy- fornia, on July 27th. The machine has been built "to test Tannounced. Mr. -type fighters draulic Units, Ltd., as director an' chief designer. With Parnell the feasibility of supersonic propellers of turboprop 1939, as development engineer on hydraulic gun for operational service with America's armed forces." It was Aircraft from mostly at a height of turrets, Mr. Bowers joined the Dowty organization in 1944 to airborne on its first flight for 35 minutes, hydraulic development, and from 1949 was addi- 20,000ft. Test pilot Henry G. Baird, Jr., described it as "a real take charge of especially when an tionally responsible for hydraulic-pump design, including that honey." Certainly it should prove very fast, is fitted, as is contemplated. A maker's announce- ment runs: "Because of its speed, long range and ability to carry extremely heavy armament loads and still take off from very short runways, the `H' meets requirements for a U.S.A.F. low- level fighter/bomber or Navy carrier-based dive bomber." In its present form the machine has been built to "split" just forward of the cockpit in order to take several different forward sections, one of which mounts a three-blade supersonic airscrew built by the Aeroproducts Division of General Motors. Other supersonic airscrews by Curtiss and Hamilton Standard will be tested eventually. A remarkable aerodynamic feature is the so- called "vortex gate," a triangular dorsal fin just behind the cockpit, intended partially to neutralize airscrew torque. Capt. Lamplugh 's Retirement As recorded in our issue of June 24th, Capt. A. G. Lamplugh, z C.B.E., F.R.Ae.S., M.I.Ae.S., M.C.A.I., F.R.G.S., has been compelled by ill-health to retire from his post of underwriter and principal surveyor to the British Aviation Insurance Co., Ltd. His retirement takes effect on September 30th, but he has Mr. E. H. Bowers Mr. D. E. Wiseman accepted an invitation to join the company's Board. The directors announce the following appointments, with effect from September 30th: Mr. R. H. Jennens, deputy under- of the Verde' pump. In 1953 he was appointed chief engineer of underwriter to the company; Mr. J. H. Hine to be development writer, to be Dowty Hydraulic Units, responsible for design and deputy underwriter; Mr. C. R. Jeffs to be underwriter's assistant. of all industrial hydraulic equipment. Mr. D. E. Wiseman is appointed to the Board of Dowty Hy- draulic Units as director and general manager. His early training He became general PANTOBASED is this YC-123E designed and built for the U.S.A.F. by was with the B.S.A. and Daimler companies. to operate from division of the Pressed Steel Co., Oxford, the Stroukoff Aircraft Corporation. ¡fis intended manager of the aircraft snow, ice, or unprepared strips. and subsequently managing director of Short and Harland, Ltd. water, ordinary runways, Mr. Wiseman has also had experience in Canada, as assistant general manager, production, at A. V. Roe, Ltd., Mahon. He has latterly been general manager for Time Corporation, until he left to take up his appointment with the Dowty Group. Orpheus Power for NATO signed between the U.S. Government UBJECT of agreements S and France under the Mutual Weapons Development Pro- grammes are two light fighter/ powered with the Bristol Orpheus lightweight . They are the Bréguet 1001 Taon and Marcel Dassault Mystère XXVI. The Orpheus has already been selected for the Fiat G.91, subject of another M.W.D.P. agreement signed some weeks ago by the U.S.A. and Italy, and is, of course, the power unit of the Poland Gnat, which flew for the first time on July 18th. Three prototypes each of the Taon and of the Mystère XXVI are to be built, and three G.91s have already been ordered. Addi- tionally there will be twenty-seven G.91s for tactical trials under the direction of SHAPE. The Orpheus itself is being developed by the Bristol Aeroplane Company under a joint M.W.D.P. [LC]

213 FLIGHT, 12 August 1955 world as the Maxaret braking and gradually the crew were cut off from the outside * a• bly for use at low speeds. Also in evidence were appears impossible to see very indicating an air-conditioning various leads were detached. It on all four main wheels, panels from the cozkpit. Finally, when all was air- and nitrogen-bottle charging points. much of the airframe ground connection, and clear, the aircraft taxied out to the end of the runway and, after ahead of the twin nosewheels, and aft of the two-coloured applied against Just A slot and further exercising of controls, full power was radome nose, is the small visual bombing window. long in the still morning air, but the of the leading edge of the intake brakes. The take-off run was aerofoil slat are fitted outboard were retracted immediately the aircraft left the ground. on each side, to balance the engine-air intake in certain wheels control separator junc- A long starboard orbit brought the Valiant back over the conditions. Turbulators, now familiar at the fin/tail-plane the timing check; then it climbed cord, but less deep than those tower at an impressive speed for tion, appear to be of slightly greater already on course for Baghdad West, where the away very fast, to seen culler. second time-check was to be made before back-tracking Preparations for take-off were not too lengthy, but involved the Ilabbaniyah for the first landing. Unfortunately a detour of some topping-up of fuel tanks from a pressure refueller, while some 300 miles from the Great Circle course has to be made to avoid fuel drained into drums set under the wing-tip vent pipes. A large penetration of the Iron Curtain in the Balkans. Although a trolley was connected up for various ground tests, until was made to correct the flight time so that London generator on computation made the crew actually climbed in and their luggage was stowed was the actual starting point of the record flight, none was board. The bomb-bay, containing various equipment and spares, for the Iron Curtain detour. The record flight from Singapore was already shut. to Darwin involves no such detour and the speed was con- internal checks the ground generator was sequently expected to be somewhat higher. After preliminary fly at heights stated to be "between eight again started and a full check of flying controls, flaps and airbrakes The aircraft was to aircraft, who kept nine miles" and at unspecified speeds; but the record figures carried out, watched by an engineer outside the and has been a wandering intercom lead. give some indication of its capabilities. A spotlight in contact with the crew through the tail-cone, presumably to were moved through several complete cycles mounted to shine downwards from All flying surfaces for optical instruments on the ground. and the incidence-change exercised. give a visual indication Otherwise this Valiant appeared to be an entirely standard B.1. Following this, the Avons were started from port to starboard r,

214 FLIGHT

HERE AND THERE

Valiant Record RUSSIAN REVELATIONS: THE Valiant which is to carry out bomb- These "Flight" copyright ballistic trials at Woomera, referred to on sketches have been prepared page 212 of this issue, established—sub- —from photographic evi- ject to F.A.I. confirmation—a new point- dence—to show character- to-point record between Singapore and istic features of Russia's Darwin last Monday. It covered the turboprop bomber and the 2,080.644 statute miles in 4 hr 50.1 sec, at large military assault heli- an average speed of 518.36 m.p.h. This copter, both of which made betters the record of 4 hr 24.43 min set up their first public appearance two years ago by a Canberra. At Darwin, over Tushino on July 3rd. damage to the tail fin was expected to Significant features are the cause a 24-hour delay. heavy sweep on the bomber's wing (suggesting high per- Gyron-Sperrin at Hatfield formance and development THE Short Sperrin with a potential), and the work- Gyron turbojet in the lower port nacelle, manlike design of the heli- flew from Aldergrove, Co. Antrim, to copter, a feature of which Hatfield on August 4th. A programme of is high capacity. intensive fl "ng by Mr. C. D. Beaumont, Lc3 d 0 AUG 1955, f MAN. GUARDIAN Letters co the Editor "NOT SO FAST" To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian know that they were between 560 Sir,—In your leading article headed and 590 miles per hour. No doubt still higher speeds will be attained "Not So Fast" to-day yoU compared— at Woomera and in later tests, given to the detriment of the Valiant—the favourable conditions. speeds officially recorded by a Vickers From the corrected figures it appears Valiant bomber 'on a recent flight to that the Valiant may not compare in speed with the the speed unofficially unfavourably Australia, with American B-47. It is true that a achieved by a B-47 bomber on an east- B-47 on a routine flight in February bound transatlantic flight from Maine flew at an unofficial. speed of 641 to Gloucestershire. On the basis of that m.p.h., but that was due—in part— suggested that the to a strong tailwind. Possibly the comparison you Valiant, when it has had as long in Valiant seemed to be of inferior, per- service as the B-47, may prove to be formance, and raised the question of the faster aircraft. its being "another Service disappoint- The essential point about speed is that ment." the new bomber must be fast enough May I comment that no mention was to allow fighters and guided missiles given or allowance made in your as little margin as possible. (Its calculations for the fact that headwinds height of operation also helps.) The slow down the ground speed of an aero- doubt we raised was whether the plane, and that tailwinds enhance that Valiant will have sufficient speed to ground speed? It is only ground speed escape the coming generation of jet which counts in, point-to-point records. fighters. At an average of 523 It is for the above well-known reason m.p.h. it could not have hoped to; that the eastward-bound transatlantic at an operational speed of 600 route is much used for record flights. m.p.h. it might, although the fighters Tailwinds of 100 miles per hour or a gain may be going a good deal faster. more are not infrequent, while It is far from being our wish to of 40-50 m.p.h. is eommonplace, An "denigrate " the Valiant. Its un- example of the benevolence of the wind Australia, flyer is that of lucky outward flight to to the eastbound Atlantic taking eight days instead of two, and a Canberra which, in 1952, flew west- some returned the its apparently low speed raised bound at 456 m.p.h. and obvious. uncertainties. We must same day at 606 m.p.h. well in service, suggested on hope that it will do It should surely not be since it is to be the mainstay of the that evidence that the Canberra can in the next any more than British bomber force "only do" 456 m.p.h. year or two.—En. "GUARD."] the aircraft can be labelled "a 600 m.p.h. bomber." Your article, however, did base its denigration of the Valiant on a precisely similar unsound argument. There are two other points which were also overlooked in your article: (1) The Valiant, on its first leg London to Bagdad, had to fly 200 miles off course to avoid forbidden territory. Such a 300-mile diversion cannot be allowed for under the rigid rules which govern international records. The ground speed of the Valiant over the total distance actually flown to Bagdad was not 523 m.p.h. but 586 m.p.h. (2) The Singapore-Darwin flight was made against a reported average head- wind of over 40 m.p.h. so that the Valiant's true speed on that sector was in excess of 560 m.p.h. • The above details were, in fact, fully announced and were generally reported at the relevant time.— Yours &c. ClIARLES GARDNER. Vickers Armstrong (Aircraft) Ltd., Weybridge, Surrey. August 9. [We are grateful to Vickers Armstrong (Aircraft), Ltd., for the corrected speeds of the Valiant. It is good to [LC)

4

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210 (1st Mon) Hooton Park 9 July 16 July 4. 25 275 (Nantygle 8c Blaina tt 16 July 23 July 2 25 Cff-]

• THE GUARDIAN MANCHESTER TUESDAY AUGUST 9 1955

NOT SO FAST What is wrong with the Valiant? This is the latest British bomber to go into service. It is supposed to carry atomic or hydrogen bombs at high speed over long • distances The Under-Secretary for Air told the House of Commons in March that "it has a better performance than the American B-47, which'is the backbone of the Strategic Air Command." Has it? A Valiant has just flown to Australia, and on the way it broke the speed records between London and Bagdad and again between Singapore and Darwin. But the figures for its speed are surprisingly low. For the first stretch it went at an average of 523 miles an hour, and, for the second at 518 m.p.h. Yet in 1953 a' squadron of American 13-47 aircraft flew from Maine to Gloucestershire,,a longer hop than either that the Valiant did, at an average speed of 575 m.p.h. Perhaps the Valiant on the way to Australia was not hurrying. It has actually taken more than a week to get .there—much longer than a civil aircraft on a scheduled flight requires. That seems to have • been partly because of bad luck, since the plane developed electrical trouble in the tropics. But the apparently low speed' is disquieting. For the next year or two the•Valiant will be the mainstay of the British bomber force. Eventually it will be replaced by the Victor and the Vulcan, both of which are said to have a higher performance. But the Valiant is. as the Under- Secretary,for Air said in March. "the first answer to our requirement for a strategic) bomber." Coming into service 'mora_than four years after the B-47 aught to better, Possibly it can n--/and manoeuvre more ' easily at great heights, drop its bombs mor accurately, and land with less difficul y in bad conditions. One cannot tell. But speed is vital. The Valiant, like others in the new , generation of bombers, carries no protective 'armament. It is supposedi - to fly so fast that fighters and guided missiles cannot catch it. Unless 525 m.p.h. is Well below its average , performance, it will not escape fighters which can travel at the speed; of sound, nor will it stand much chance against the latest guided anti- aircraft r'ockets. Does the still maintain that it is , superior to the B-47? Or is this, like other recent Service aircraft, to be a disappointment? •

Won pries of eighfOve, iiMes14 m each competition. r I e ' drawings made, on readers' hot ys to thin •e been published elsewhere. production prints should be s iarp and d of not less than half•plate size by mot be considered. Prints will b returned d addressed envelope (not a stamped label will be high pictorial mirit and interest or I be no separate classification for formal mixture of media suitable for reproduction rayon; wash drawings, watercolours or ned. It must be .realised that technical and pastels cannot be accepted. Drawings or flat, and must not exceed 24m. by airs. I if they are to be returned. A high value

competition can be accepted from any one mil be taken no responsibility is accepted for

e form below. Write on the back of the nd the subject, place, and date.

411.

✓ Guardian." rose Street. Manchester I