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Side, Stern and Front Doors

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Side, Stern and Front Doors TECHNICAL INFORMATION RoRo Side, stern and front doors Planning the side, stern or front door Our aim is to design a MacGregor door which is efficient, economic and safe, while fully meeting the specific operating require ments. The more information that can be given on these prerequisites, the greater the chance to find the optimum solution. Under the following headings information requirements can found before commencing the project. If these answers are available at the earliest stage possible, work will be saved during the later stages, gaining valuable time by shortening the lead time between initial contact and delivery. Door type and size Loadings Interface between door and ship In order to establish the type and size of In order to dimension the steel structure When you design the hull in the area the door we require information about we need to know the following: of the door, adequate space must be the purpose of the door and drawings of reserved for the door and its associated • the ship’s area of operation (shortsea, the ship. Has the ship double hull, a side equipment. deepsea etc) casing or open web construction? Is the In most cases the door requires a door located in a straight or curved area • the vessel speed space of about 150 mm around the of the shell? • where the door is located (in the front perimeter for the rubber packing. Are there transverse bulkheads, bulkhead, stern, side shell or close to In addition space is needed for both stairways or other items intruding in the the bow) stowing and operation of the door. door opening area? Three measurements The space requirement varies with the • the height above waterline are vital for the planning: different door options indicated in the illustrations on nex page. If you need • the height between the decks The steel structure of the door will be further assistance during the design, designed with equal strength to that of • the depth of the shell girders please do not hesitate to contact us. the surrounding plating. • the door clear opening The normal clear opening for the most common door purposes (width x height) • Doors for bunker stations, 800 x 1 600 mm • Doors for pilot access, 1 500 x 2 200 mm Clear width Height • Doors for passenger access, between 1 500 to 2 000 x 2 200 mm the decks • Doors for vehicle access in the side shell, 5 000 x 4 500 mm. These doors can also Clear be equipped to function as combined height doors and ramps • Doors for vehicle access in the deckhouse front, 5 000 to 10 000 x 4 500 mm • Doors for side loading equipment, 5 000 to 10 000 x 10 000 to 15 000 mm • Doors for stern access, Depth of the 5 000 to 25 000 x 4 500 to 6 500 mm shell girders Top-hinged side shell door Side-hinged door Side door Front door and bulwark visor Hydraulic capacity Reserve space for associated door equipment. The determing factors in dimensioning Several of the doors can be electrically operated. the capacity of the hydraulic system are the size of the door, number of sections ~ 500 mm and the required speed of opening and closing. A typical time for opening or closing a 5 x 5 m door is about a minute, b + 150 mm excluding opening and closing of the securing devices. The corresponding time This door may for a pilot door is about 30 seconds. The be designed without sill if shorter the time, the more costly the vehicle access is requested required hydraulics. An indication should 150 mm 150 mm be given of the maximum and minimum Top-hinged door ambient temperatures in which the b hydraulic system is to operate. Mini Power Pack 200 mm 150 mm To install a mini power pack near a small door instead of connecting the 500 mm 200 mm door to a central power pack has some Vertically sliding door advantages: 350 mm 275 mm 500 • Less hydraulic piping in the ship mm • Less piping in sensitive accomodation areas • Less electric power consumption if Side-hinged door 300 the door need to be opened at sea mm (e.g. pilot door). h + t b b + 150 mm Horizontally sliding door The mini power pack is complete, consisting of a tank, electric driven t hydraulic pump, operating valves, and a hand pump for emergency operation. Regulatory bodies h Please specify which demands are to be Top hinged door operated by direct met by the equipment. In other words, hydraulic cylinders which classification societies, national t = 300-500 mm authorities and other regulations (e.g. Inboard vertically sliding door IMO) are to be satisfied. The door is with horizontal stowage always classified as part of the side shell or deckhouse front of the ship. Options ~b x 0,5 b On the right page, we show the equip- 400 mm ment or accessories which require your decision, also optional equipment which Horizontally sliding door operated by may be added to the door. These should Swing-arm type (outboard only) hydraulic motor and chain Horizontal sliding stern door. Rampway door Front door (view from inside ship). be studied point by point when making strong back beams, or similar devices, best operated by wire ropes anchored an initial evaluation, based upon the to avoid the pressure from the sea being in the door with a hydraulic jigger-winch particular operating conditions. transmitted to the cleating system. mounted at the deck-head beside the door. MacGregor door opening options Operating options All of the above hydraulic operating You can choose between outboard or The operating options vary with every options can be exchanged for inboard opening direction for all types type of door according to the list. electrically-driven solutions. of doors, except for the swing-arm type, which is opened only in the outboard • direct-acting hydraulic cylinders Control options direction. • wires operated by jigger-winches Two different systems are available; The pilot access door must be opened manual, where each step in the opera- • hydraulic motor and chain inboard. This is required by the Inter- tion is controlled by hand operated national Pilot Association to ensure safe • hydraulic motor with rack and hydraulic valves, or automated (whereby pilot embarkation. pinion drive the touch of a single button will initiate The passenger access door is also • electric drive operation and complete the whole opening or usually opened inboard, otherwise closing sequence). it would encroach in the passenger For hinged and swingarm-type doors, The greater the degree of automation gangway area onshore. hydraulic cylinders acting directly of the system, the easier and faster the Doors larger than 12m2, e.g. access on the door work most effectively. operation. doors for trailers, are normally opened When operating horizontal sliding An automated system will be outboard because it is regarded as doors, the optimum solution is a particularly cost effective on shorter runs a safer solution by the classification hydraulically-operated motor and chain where there is a need for fast loading societies. system. An effective alternative is a and unloading. If you still request inboard opening, hydraulically-driven rack and pinion drive the door must be reinforced by extra configuration. Vertical sliding doors are Vertically sliding door operated by Horizontally sliding door operated jigger-winch and by hydraulic motor with rack and wire ropes pinion drive Side-hinged door operated by direct hydraulic cylinders Inboard vertically sliding door with horizontal stowage operated Swing-arm type door operated by by jigger-winch and wire ropes direct hydraulic cylinders Combined side door/ramp Ramp option Sealing and securing quality The shell door can be equipped to The team of MacGregor engineers have function as a combined side door/ramp. developed an efficient and secure water- This solution is normally used in tight seal. The result is a simple but high- combination with shore ramps that are performance design. A rubber packing adjustable in height, or for vessels that is placed in and around the perimeter of will sail in waters with a minimum of tide. the opening of the hull. It is important that the threshold of the The rubber packing is pressed against combined door/ramp is always above compression bars made of stainless the quay level. steel. These have a very smooth surface Further information is available in the to protect against any ingress of water. Finger cleat for side-hinged and datasheet Straight stern ramps. The door is secured in the closed swing-arm doors watertight position by hydraulically The MacGregor standard for side, operated bolts cleats, finger cleats and stern and front doors cleat mechanism. They are well-proven Over the years MacGregor has designed MacGregor innovations which can be and manufactured a great variety of side, relied upon. stern and front doors for different types There are two types of seal design of ships. We therefore promise that your as standard. When the door must be door will meet your needs in terms of without sill, mostly for vehicle access, Cleat mechanism for sliding doors quality, efficiency, security and overall a sliding packing design will be utilised, economy. Yet it will be standardised in all which also allows relatively large racking Safety quality major functions. deflection of the opening. In all other Being the market leader, MacGregor’s In other words, you will be supplied cases the conventional design is used. ship experts are invited by national with well-proven equipment which is authorities and classification societies easy to repair in the event of an accident to use its expertise and experience, and easy to maintain for long-term gained from numerous installations, to Rubber trouble-free operation.
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