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Evropska Ljudska Stranka in Njeno Delovanje V Okviru Evropskih Integracij

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Evropska Ljudska Stranka in Njeno Delovanje V Okviru Evropskih Integracij UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA DRUŽBENE VEDE Timotej Henrik Neubauer Evropska ljudska stranka in njeno delovanje v okviru evropskih integracij Diplomsko delo Ljubljana, 2010 UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA DRUŽBENE VEDE Timotej Henrik Neubauer Mentor: doc. dr. Damjan Lajh Evropska ljudska stranka in njeno delovanje v okviru evropskih integracij Diplomsko delo Ljubljana, 2010 ZAHVALA Zahvaljujem se staršem, ki so mi med študijem stali ob strani in me vztrajno spodbujali, naj ga dokončam. Zahvaljujem se tudi mentorju za nasvete ter vsem tistim v Sloveniji in v Evropi, ki so mi omogočili, da sem dolga leta tudi sam pobliže spoznaval delovanje Evropske ljudske stranke. EVROPSKA LJUDSKA STRANKA IN NJENO DELOVANJE V OKVIRU EVROPSKIH INTEGRACIJ Evropska ljudska stranka je predstavljena kot primer transnacionalne evropske politične stranke, ki ima v današnji Evropski uniji in njenih procesih odločanja pomembno vlogo, po eni strani prek supranacionalnih institucij, kot sta Evropski parlament in Evropska komisija, po drugi strani pa prek nacionalnih vlad, kjer so ključni akterji nacionalne politične stranke, ki so tudi same članice Evropske ljudske stranke. Korenine tega strankarskega združenja, ki je bilo ustanovljeno leta 1976, izhajajo iz utemeljiteljev procesa evropskega povezovanja ter stranko zavezujejo k prizadevanju za svobodno, demokratično in učinkovito Evropo, ki temelji na načelu subsidiarnosti in je blizu svojim državljanom. Stranka deluje v skladu z uredbo o predpisih, ki urejajo delovanje političnih strank na evropski ravni, in pravilih glede njihovega financiranja, ter združuje krščansko-demokratske, konservativne in sorodne desno-sredinske stranke iz vse Evrope. Danes je ena izmed vodilnih političnih sil v Evropi, kar je posledica njenega razvoja, ki je potekal sočasno z razvojem evropskih integracij. Stranka se je uspešno prilagajala spremembam v procesu evropskega povezovanja, medtem ko ji je velika ideološka in zemljepisna širina omogočila, da je vzpostavila in ohranila vpliv na strukture in politike Evropske unije. Ključne besede: transnacionalne politične stranke, evropske integracije, Evropska unija, Evropska ljudska stranka. THE EUROPEAN PEOPLE'S PARTY AND ITS ACTIVITY WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION The European People's Party is presented as an example of a transnational European political party, which has an important role in the modern European Union and its decision-making processes, on the one hand through supranational institutions, such as the European Parliament and the European Commission, and on the other hand through national governments, where the key players are national political parties, which are themselves members of the European People's Party. This alliance of parties, which was founded in 1976, has its roots in the founding fathers of the European integration process, binding the party to strive for a free, democratic and efficient Europe, based on the principle of subsidiarity and close to its citizens. The party, operating in accordance with the Regulation on the regulations governing political parties at European level and the rules regarding their funding, unites Christian democratic, conservative and like- minded centre-right parties from all over Europe. It is today one of the leading political forces in Europe, which is the consequence of its development, which occurred concurrently with the development of European integration. The party has successfully adapted to changes in the process of European integration, while its great ideological and geographic breadth has allowed it to establish and maintain an influence on the structures and policies of the European Union. Key words: transnational political parties, European integration, European Union, European People's Party. KAZALO SEZNAM UPORABLJENIH KRATIC……………..…………………………………..7 1 UVOD……………………….……………………………………………...………...10 2 TRANSNACIONALNE POLITIČNE STRANKE IN NJIHOVA UREDITEV NA EVROPSKI RAVNI……………………………………...………………………….12 2.1 Vloga političnih strank………………………………..............................….12 2.2 Evropeizacija političnih strank………...……….……….....………..……...13 2.3 Razvoj in pravna ureditev evropskega strankarskega sistema……………...17 3 NASTANEK IN RAZVOJ EVROPSKE LJUDSKE STRANKE…….………...……22 3.1 Začetki krščansko-demokratskega sodelovanja……………………….……22 3.2 Ustanovitev Evropske ljudske stranke………………………………….…..24 3.3 Evropska demokratska unija…………………………………………..……27 3.4 Novi izzivi po neposrednih volitvah v Evropski parlament…...……….…..28 3.5 Priprave na širitev na vzhod…..…………………………………….…..….30 3.6 Prizadevanja za večino v Evropskem parlamentu……………...……….….31 3.7 Razvojne stopnje Evropske ljudske stranke…...…………………………...34 4 STRUKTURA IN DELOVANJE EVROPSKE LJUDSKE STRANKE……...……..38 4.1 Normativna podlaga za delovanje Evropske ljudske stranke………………38 4.2 Vrste članstva…...…………………………………………….……………39 4.3 Organi Evropske ljudske stranke in njihovi postopki odločanja….......……41 4.3.1 Kongres EPP………………………...………………………..…..41 4.3.2 Predsedstvo EPP……………………...…………………………..43 4.3.3 Politična skupščina EPP……………...…………………...………45 4.3.4 Generalni sekretar EPP………………..………………………….47 4.3.5 Vrh EPP…………...…………………...……………….…...……47 4.4 Financiranje stranke………………………………………………….……..48 4.5 Združenja in zveze……………………………………………………...…..50 4.5.1 Mladi Evropske ljudske stranke………..………………..……......50 4.5.2 Evropski demokratski študenti……….………….. ...……....…….51 4.5.3 Ženska zveza EPP…………………………………..…….………51 4.5.4 Evropska seniorska zveza………………………….……..….…...51 4.5.5 Zveza malih in srednje velikih podjetij EPP………..…….………52 5 4.5.6 Evropska zveza krščansko-demokratskih delavcev………………52 4.5.7 Center za evropske študije………………………………………..53 4.6 Vpliv Evropske ljudske stranke na evropskem političnem prizorišču...……54 5 POLITIKA IN VREDNOTE EVROPSKE LJUDSKE STRANKE………………….60 5.1 Temeljne vrednote…………………….……………………………………60 5.2 Zamisli o nadaljnjem razvoju evropskih integracij…...….…………………64 5.3 Evropska programska politika Evropske ljudske stranke……....…….…….68 6 EVROPSKA LJUDSKA STRANKA IN DEMOKRATIČNA LEGITIMNOST EVROPSKIH INTEGRACIJ…………………………………………...………..…..75 7 SKLEP....………………………………………………………….………………….80 8 LITERATURA………………………………………….……..……….…………….83 PRILOGA A: Seznam članic Evropske ljudske stranke.…...…………..……...………88 PRILOGA B: Statut Evropske ljudske stranke……...……..……………...……………91 PRILOGA C: Temeljni program Evropske ljudske stranke…….…….………………105 PRILOGA Č: Uredba (ES) št. 2004/2003 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 4. novembra 2003 o predpisih, ki urejajo delovanje političnih strank na evropski ravni, in pravilih glede njihovega financiranja………………………………..………124 6 SEZNAM UPORABLJENIH KRATIC AISBL Association internationale sans but lucratif ARP Anti-Revolutionaire Partij BVP Bayerische Volkspartei CCD Centro Cristiano Democratico CDA Christen Democratisch Appèl CDI Centrist Democrat International CDS Centre des démocrates sociaux CDS Centro Democrático Social CDU Christlich Demokratische Union CDU Cristiani Democratici Uniti CD&V Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams CES Centre for European Studies CHU Christelijk-Historische Unie COCDYC Conservative and Christian Democratic Youth Community of Europe CSU Christlich-Soziale Union CVP Christelijke Volkspartij CVP Christlichdemokratische Volkspartei CSV Chrëschtlech Sozial Vollekspartei DC Democrazia Cristiana DEMYC Democrat Youth Community of Europe DSS Demokratska stranka Srbije EALRER European Association of Locally and Regionally Elected Representatives ECR European Conservatives and Reformists EDS European Democrat Students EDU European Democrat Union EFTA European Free Trade Association EPC European Political Cooperation EPP European People's Party EPP-ED European People's Party–European Democrats ES Evropska skupnost ESCU European Senior Citizens' Union 7 ESPJ Evropska skupnost za premog in jeklo EU Evropska unija EUCD European Union of Christian Democrats EUCDW European Union of Christian Democratic Workers EYCD European Young Christian Democrats FG Fine Gael FI Forza Italia Fidesz Fiatal Demokraták Szövetsége GERB Graždani za evropejsko razvitie na Balgarija HDZ Hrvatska demokratska zajednica HSS Hrvatska seljačka stranka ICCS International of Christian-Democrat and Conservative Students IDU International Democrat Union JL Jaunais laiks KD Kristdemokraterna KF Det Konservative Folkeparti KVP Katholieke Volkspartij NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation ND Néa Dimokratía NEI Nouvelles Equipes Internationales ÖVP Österreichische Volkspartei PD-L Partidul Democrat-Liberal PdL Il Popolo della Libertà PDP Parti démocrate populaire PDP Partido Demócrata Popular PN Partit Nazzjonalista PNV Partido Nacionalista Vasco PO Platforma Obywatelska PP Partido Popular PPI Partito Popolare Italiano PSC Parti social chrétien PSD Partido Social Democrata RPR Rassemblement pour la République SIPDIC Secrétariat International des Partis Démocratiques d'Inspiration Chrétienne 8 SME Small and medium enterprises TP Tautas partija TS-LKD Tėvynės sąjunga – Lietuvos krikščionys demokratai UCDEC Union chrétienne démocrate d'Europe centrale UDC Unió Democràtica de Catalunya UMP Union pour un mouvement populaire USE United Students for Europe YEPP Youth of the European People's Party ZDA Združene države Amerike 9 1 UVOD „Ekonomska integracija, na poti uresničevanja katere smo zdaj, ne bo delovala brez minimalne politične integracije. To je logična in nujna dopolnitev.“ Robert Schuman (1886–1963; francoski predsednik vlade in zunanji minister, prvi predsednik Evropske parlamentarne skupščine) (EPP 2007) V diplomskem delu
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