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Home , Ephesus

HISTORY

OF THE CHURCH AT EPHESUS CHAPTER 2 4 The church at Ephesus was a significant Location Commerce wealth they might secure from their craft church in the first century. It became the (Witherington, The , Ephesus was located at the mouth of the During the reign of , the city base of operations for the Apostle Paul in 593). Cayster River on the Aegean coast—in the experienced substantial growth, benefit- 2 3 Asian Minor or modern day . The six 1 Southwestern corner of present day Tur- ing economically from the Pax Romana The shrine in Ephesus provided other churches addresses in Revela- key. Roads from the city spread out in ev- (Peace of Rome). Ephesus was a major the area with a lucrative tourist business tion were planted by the church at Ephe- ery direction along the coast and through commercial port, but the harbor required from pilgrims traveling to the temple. In sus. The church had a great pastoral team the interior of the province. constant dredging. It seems that remark- addition, the temple served as a financial over the course of time. Paul founded the able feats of engineering kept the harbors institution and lent out money from the church, Timothy and the Apostle John also of Ephesus from silting up. Silting was a wealth deposited at the shrine (Stark, Cit- pastored there. Many of the epistles were Population common problem for all Mediterranean ies of God, 42). The temple was perceived written to or about Ephesus, (Ephesians, Ephesus was the third largest city in the ports at the mouths of rivers because the to be a safe place to store resources be- 1 & 2 Timothy, I,II,III John and Revelation) . Its population is estimat- small tides were inadequate to clean them cause no one dared to violate its sacred which speaks to its influence and impor- ed to have been around 250,000 during out (Stark,Cities of God, 42). space (Dio Chrysostom, Rhod. 31:54). tance in the first century. However, this did not prevent corruption the time of early . The ethnic Some of the major public buildings dis- ( , Ephesos). On the west coast of and inappropriate use of the funds by tem- Ἔφεσος make-up of the inhabitants of Ephesus in- covered at the site of ancient Ephesus in- Minor. Made the of the Roman ple officials (Trebilco, “Asia,” 343–344). cluded (but was not limited to): , clude the famous , public province of Asia Minor by Augustus (27 Ephesus acquired its first imperial temple , Greeks, a native population of Ana- squares, stadiums, gymnasiums, and the- BC—AD 14). Ephesus is the setting for during the reign of the emperor tolians (Strelan, Paul, Artemis, 33), and a aters. One significant theater built into the . Paul taught daily there for two (ca. AD 81–96). For a city to be the owner large Jewish constituency (Josephus, Ant. of Mount Pion accommodated about years (Acts 19:9). The elders from Ephe- or warden of an imperial temple was very 14.225–27; 16.162–68, 172–273). Rome 24,000 people. sus came to see Paul on his last journey to sent many of its citizens to its provinc- prestigious. The city was home to various artisans. The (Acts20:17–18), and in 1 Cor es—as a colonial strategy—to protect the - Holman Christian Study artisans were considered of lower social 15:32, Paul says that he fought the beasts interests of the Empire. there. The city was originally founded ca. status, in part because they worked with their hands (, Per. 2.1–2). The 1000 BC by the Greeks. It came under Ro- man control in 133 BC. only basis for their social identity was the

28 / 29 :1-7 Keyword “Write to the angel of the church in Ephesus: “The One who holds the seven stars in His right hand and who walks among the “Love” / Greek: “agapē” seven gold lampstands says: 2 I know your works, your labor, and your endur- Phonetic Pronunciation: ag-ah’-pay ance, and that you cannot tolerate evil. You have tested those who call them- Definition: Brotherly love, affection, good will, love, benevolence selves apostles and are not, and you have found them to be liars. 3 You also possess endurance and have tolerated many things because of My name and CHAPTER 2 have not grown weary. 4 But I have this against you: You have abandoned the Questions to consider love you had at first. 5 Remember then how far you have fallen; repent, and do the works you did at first. Otherwise, I will come to you and remove your lamp- 1. What was the church at Ephesus doing right? stand from its place—unless you repent. 6 Yet you do have this: You hate the 2. What mistake did they make? How do we make the same mistake? 4 practices of the Nicolaitans, which I also hate. 7 “Anyone who has an ear should 3. Why do you think they abandoned the love they had a first? listen to what the Spirit says to the churches. I will give the victor the right to 4. How does Jesus the church to respond to the problem? eat from the tree of life, which is in God’s paradise. 2 3

5. Take a minute to examine your life and ask yourself the question, “Do I really love 1 God?” What do you need to do in order to make Jesus your first love?

Additional passages

John 14:15, Matthew 22:36-40

30 / 31 REVELATION 2:1-7 Sermon notes / journal

Observations / what does god want me to know? CHAPTER 2 4 Commands / what does god want me to do? 2 3 1

Promises / why does god want me to do these things?

Principles / examples

Practical application

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