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KL HISTORY OF LAW. THE ANCIENT ORIENT KL History of law. The ancient orient Class here works on the ancient/early and defunct legal systems of the Middle East, including Asia Minor (Anatolia), that are not clearly identified with a particular modern jurisdiction, and including historico-legal works on ancient/early nations (civilizations) in the region For the ancient/early periods of legal history of an individual jurisdiction, see the jurisdiction, e.g., India, China For the colonial periods, see the jurisdiction 2 Bibliography 6 Periodicals For periodicals consisting predominantly of articles on Roman law see KJA6 54 Encyclopedias. Law dictionaries 56 Terms and phrases. Vocabularies Methodology see KL190 Auxiliary sciences 74 General works 75 Diplomatics 76 Paleography (77) Papyrology see KL190 78 Archaeology. Symbolism in law 80 Linguistics. Semantics 83 Seals. Flags. Insignia. Armory Law and lawyers in literature see subclasses PB - PZ Biography of lawyers 122 Collective 124 Collections of portraits 135 Congresses. Seminars. By date of the congress or seminar Ancient legal systems compared. General works Class here general works on law development and comparisons of ancient legal systems in the region Including compends, essays, festschriften, etc. For works on the law development of national systems, see the appropriate region For general works on the colonial periods, see the appropriate jurisdiction For comparisons of particular subjects, see KL8015+ 147 General Particular systems compared Including general works on groups of systems treated as a whole Roman law compared with ancient legal systems see KJA168+ 170 Babylonian and Egyptian 172 Egyptian and Greek 174 Semitic legal systems (General) 175 Indo-Europeans (176) Mosaic (Jewish) and other ancient legal systems (e.g. Babylonian law) see KB201+ 177 Other (not A-Z) Philosophy, jurisprudence, and theory of law see the appropriate place in KL700+ Sources 190 Studies on sources Including history and methodology (e.g., epigraphy, papyrology, etc.) For philological studies, see classes P, PJ, PK, and PL Collections. Compilations. Lists of specimens. Selections 195 Comprehensive e.g. 195.S73 Die Staatsverträge des Altertums 197 Indexes. Chronologies. Concordances, etc. 1 KL HISTORY OF LAW. THE ANCIENT ORIENT KL Sources Collections. Compilations. Lists of specimens. Selections -- Continued Sources in cuneiform script Class here collections and selections of legal sources in cuneiform characters on stone, metal, and other hard surfaces, and on clay tablets, of two or more ancient jurisdictions in the region 200 Texts Including facsimiles and originals; and including typographical reproductions of the text entirely in ancient type, or transliterated in Roman characters 210 Translations (without edition of original text) 220 Indexes. Chronologies. Concordances, etc. Sources in Egyptian script Class here collections and selections of legal sources in hieroglyphic, hieratic, or demotic script on stone, ostraca, or papyri, of two or more ancient jurisdictions in the region 300 Texts Including facsimiles and originals; and including typographical reproductions of the text entirely in ancient type, or transliterated in Roman characters 310 Translations (without edition of original text) 320 Indexes. Chronologies. Concordances, etc. Sources in Mediterranean script Class here collections of selections in ancient Mediterranean characters on hard surfaces, clay tablets, etc., of two or more ancient jurisdictions in the region 400 Texts Including facsimiles and originals; and including typographical reproductions of the text entirely in ancient type, or transliterated in Roman characters 410 Translations (without edition of original text) 420 Indexes. Chronologies. Concordances, etc. Individual sources or groups of sources see the jurisdiction 425 General (Comprehensive) Cuneiform laws (Keilschriftrecht) see KL200+ Mesopotamia. Assyro-Babylonian law 701-999 General (Table KL-KWX1) 1001-1299 Sumer (General) (Table KL-KWX1) 1601-1899 Assyria (General) (Table KL-KWX1 modified) Sources Individual sources and groups of sources. By period 1611 Early (to ca. 2000 B.C.) 1612 Later (to ca. 1780 B.C.). Age of Hammurabi 1613 Kassite period (to ca. 689 B.C.) 1614 Neo-Babylonian and Persian period (to ca. 100 B.C.) 2201-2499 Babylonia (General) (Table KL-KWX1 modified) Sources Individual sources and groups of sources. By period 2211 Early (to ca. 2000 B.C.) 2212 Later (to ca. 1780 B.C.). Age of Hammurabi Royal statutes. Codes of law 2212.1 Code of Hammurabi 2213 Kassite period (to ca. 689 B.C.) 2214 Neo-Babylonian and Persian period (to ca. 100 B.C.) 2215.A-Z Sources of particular states and city states, territories, cities, and colonies. By state, city state, etc., A-Z Including inscriptions (Stelae), clay tablets, papyri, etc. in ancient character 2215.A77 Assur 2215.A78 Arrapha 2215.B33 Babylon 2 KL HISTORY OF LAW. THE ANCIENT ORIENT KL Mesopotamia. Assyro-Babylonian law Babylonia (General) Sources Sources of particular states and city states, territories, cities, and colonies -- Continued 2215.L36 Larsa 2215.N56 Nippur 2215.N89 Nuzi Cretan law see KL4115.C74 2801-3099 Egypt (General) (Table KL-KWX1 modified) Sources Individual sources and groups of sources. By period 2811 Old Egyptian (Dynasties I-VIII, ca. 3400-2400 B.C.) 2812 Middle Egyptian (Dynasties IX-XVIII, ca. 2400-1350 B.C.) 2813 Late (New) Egyptian (Dynasties XIX-XXIV, ca. 1580-710 B.C.) 2814 Demotic (Dynasties XXV to end, ca. 700 B.C - 332 B.C.) 2814.5 Ptolemaic and Roman periods, ca. 332 B.C.-639 A.D. 2815.A-Z Particular states and city states, territories, cities, colonies, etc. A-Z 2815.A64 Aphrodito 3501-3799 Elam (General) (Table KL-KWX1) 4101-4399 Greek law (General) (Table KL-KWX1 modified) Class here sources of, and treatises on, the ancient periods Including treaties and interstate arbitration For medieval Greece (Byzantine Empire), see class KJA For Rhodian laws see K1163.R45 Sources Individual sources and groups of sources. By period 4111 Archaic periods (to ca. 500 B.C.) 4112 Polis (city states) (to ca. 360 B.C.) 4113 Macedonian Hellenic periods (to ca. 146 B.C.) 4114 Roman period (to ca. 323 A.D.) 4115.A-Z Particular states and city states (Polis), territories, cities, colonies, etc., A-Z Including peace treaties and treaties of territorial settlements e.g. 4115.A75 Athens 4115.C74 Crete (Mycenaean and Minoan civilizations) 4115.C97 Cyrene 4115.D4 Delphi 4115.E65 Ephesus 4115.E83 Euboea Island 4115.I84 Ithake 4115.M33 Macedonia 4115.M55 Milet 4115.S63 Sparta 4115.T54 Thebes 4115.T56 Thrace Constitutional law By period 4361 Archaic periods (to ca. 500 B.C.) Including age of tyrants (ca. 560-510 B.C.) Period of the Polis (city states) and Macedonian Hellenic Periods (to ca. 146 B.C.) 4361.3 General 4361.32.A-Z Particular city states, A-Z 4361.32.A75 Athens 4361.32.S63 Sparta 4361.5 Roman period (to ca. 323 A.D.) Foreign relations. International law 3 KL HISTORY OF LAW. THE ANCIENT ORIENT KL Greek law (General) Individual sources and groups of sources. By period Constitutional law Foreign relations. International law -- Continued 4384 Treaties. Confederations and alliances. Interstate arbitration Including peace treaties For text of treaties, see the sources in the appropriate period 4384.2 Law and rules of armed conflict. War 4701-4999 Hittite law (General) (Table KL-KWX1) 5301-5599 Persia (General) (Table KL-KWX1 modified) Sources Individual sources or groups of sources. By period 5311 Median empire (640-558 B.C.) 5312 Persian empire (558-330 B.C.) 5313 Parthian empire (246 B.C.-226 A.D.) 5314 Sassanian empire (226-651 A.D.) 5315.A-Z Particular states and city states, territories, cities, colonies, etc., A-Z Macedonian law see KL4115.M33 5901-6199 Phoenicia (General) (Table KL-KWX1 modified) Sources 5915.A-Z Sources of particular states and city states, territories, cities, and colonies. By state, city state, etc., A-Z 5915.B33 Baalbek 5915.S37 Sarepta 5915.S54 Sidon 5915.T97 Tyre Sumer see KL1001+ Thracian law see KL4115.T56 6901-7199 Syria. Asia Minor (Table KL-KWX1) Including all Roman provinces in Asia unless otherwise provided for For Jewish law in Palestine see KBM 8015-8299 Comparative works on particular subjects Subarrange by Table KL-KWX1 using only numbers 15-299. Add number from table to KL8000 For comparisons of Roman law and another legal system, see KJA For comparisons of legal systems not limited to a subject, see KL170+ 4 KL EURASIA: REGIONAL COMPARATIVE AND UNIFORM LAW KL Eurasia: Regional comparative and uniform law 9001-9999 General (Table KL-KWX2) 5 EURASIA: TURKEY Eurasia: Turkey see KKX1+ 6 KLA EURASIA: RUSSIA, SOVIET UNION KLA Eurasia: Russia, Soviet Union Class here Russian statutory and decree law and the socialist law of the Soviet Union to 1991 Class here also works on the law of two or more former Soviet republics, and works on the law of the Commonwealth of Independent States For the law of a particular republic or state after independence, see the jurisdiction in KLB - KLW 0-4999 General (Table KL-KWX4 modified) Add number in table to KLA0 History of law 85 Bibliography 86 Encyclopedias 86.2 Law dictionaries. Terms and phrases. Vocabularies Including early works Law dictionaries. Vocabularies. Terms and phrases see KLA86.2 Auxiliary sciences 87 General works 90 Paleography 92 Linguistics. Semantics Archaeology. Folklife studies 94 General works 96.5.A-Z By place or nation, A-Z 100 Heraldry. Seals. Flags. Insignia 120 General works. Treatises By period Ancient/early to ca. 1480 Including Kievan Rus' (to 1237) and Mongol domination (Golden Horde) (to 1480) For the history of a subject, see the subject 122 General works Sources For the sources of a territory or town, see the appropriate jurisdiction 123 Studies on sources Including history and methodology (e.g. epigraphy, papyrology, etc.) For philological studies, see class PG 124 Collections. Compilations. Selections Class here comprehensive collections of legal sources in various vernacular scripts 125.A-Z Individual sources and groups of sources, A-Z 125.R87 Russkaia Pravda.
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  • Gender Equality in Burundi: Why Does Support Not Extend to Women's Right

    Gender Equality in Burundi: Why Does Support Not Extend to Women's Right

    Gender equality in Burundi: Why does support not extend to women’s right to inherit land? By Alain Ndikumana Afrobarometer Policy Paper No. 22 | July 2015 Introduction With 27,834 km² of surface area and a population of 10.5 million, Burundi’s population density is seven times that of Tanzania and second only to Rwanda’s on the African mainland (World Bank, 2014). Its population grows at an annual rate of 2.4%, and more than 90% of the population lives primarily on agriculture. These factors make land a vital and scarce resource in Burundi, leading to frequent conflicts and particular complications in questions of inheritance (Kazoviyo & Gahungu, 2011). The situation is even more problematic for women and girls, who traditionally inherit nothing from their fathers. In Burundi, women’s right to inherit land faces the triple barriers of demography, tradition, and the law. Promoting gender equality and especially women’s right to inherit land is a major focus of women’s-rights activists. Although Burundi has signed and incorporated in its constitution most international instruments promoting gender equality, women’s succession rights do not yet have full legal protection. Since 2004, government legislation on women’s inheritance laws awaits consideration by the National Assembly. “But problems related to the scarcity of land and overpopulation seem to veil the face of leaders who end up believing that a law on female succession would be a problem rather than a solution” (Kazoviyo & Gahungu, 2011, p. 1). Even if the proposed law is passed, evidence suggests that gender inequality in access to and control over land will remain a problem.