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March 2011 September 2008 March 2011 September 2008 P.O.P.O. Box Box 550 550 • Sharpsburg,• Sharpsburg, MD MD 21782 21782 • • 301.432.2996 301.432.2996 • • [email protected] [email protected] •• www.shaf.org www.shaf.org President’s First let me start Letter off the New Year by thanking you for your kind donations to The SHAF board of directors is pleased to present our new SHAF. It is gratifying to know that many of you share our respect and love for this NEW LOGO As summer winds down and the leaves begin to fall, it must be time logo, which graces the cover very special place. On behalf of our board of directors, thank you. As we approach the MERCHANDISE for another Antietam anniversary. This year’s Sharpsburg Heritage Festival of this newsletter. We deter- willsesquicentennial expand to two year days of the and battle will we again anticipate feature several several big members events, and of SHAFwe plan to step minedup last yearIS HERE!to incorporate providingto the plate free with lectures. our help whenWe hope an opportunity to meet you presents there itself.and we’ll be happy to into our logo what is perhaps the singleM mosterch recognizableandise spend someThat time thought chatting leads me about to another our favorite one. Earlierhistoric this site. week I posted a notice on Civil War(hats, battlefield shirts, icon, etc) the my Facebook page, yes “like 500 million other people I have one” that I was pleased to Another exciting event this season is a tour of the Shepherdstown lower bridge,featuring today known as take my first battlefield walk with our yellow Labrador Retriever in over a month. A Battlefield including wading the Potomac River and visiting some of the Burnside’sour Bridge. new Ourlogo new are logo friend at work saw it and asked quite innocently if I ever got tired of walking the same fighting areas which are on private property. Details can be found on our says “Antietam”available at a glance, visit and website,trails and SHAF.org. places year afterThe year.proceeds Of coursebenefit I answered the Shepherdstown in the negative, battlefield but it did make was designed by Eric Olson, a Preservationme think. Why Association, don’t I get tired a most of it? worthy Is it the organization. varied settings, terrain, and vegetation? Shepherd www.shaf.org University Art forand Or the ever-changing improvements performed by various NPS staff members and Graphicmore Design information. student. SHAF October will also feature a great chance to get a personal tour of the merchandise and promotional volunteers like us? Is it the full four seasons we experience so that it never really looks West Woods attack and the Bloody Lane fight by the author of the best literature featuring the Bridge bookthe same? on the Those topic. are Dr.all good M.V. thoughts, Armstrong and maybewill speak that atis parta dinner of the October reason why 10 I never logo will be available in the tire of it. But I contend there is a more important aspect that constantly draws me to near future. and then lead tours the next day covering these two critical parts of the Our Mission battle.Antietam. Again, So many details times are theon terrainSHAF.org was soand crucial we encourage to the action your of attendance.the battle. It takes Spacelittle imagination is limited, to so walk act quickly.the West Woods trail, see those rock outcroppings and the rugged ground and be able to picture a few grim-faced stalwart Confederates using this cover to Long-time members may note that this is a busier season than we Our Mission havestave hadoff an for advancing some time. Union That force. is true, It takes and littlewe’re imagination glad we can to offerwalk somethe heights on both newsides andof Burnside exciting Bridge things and to putdo. myself Our work in the still shoes goes of Unionon, as yousoldier can valiantly see from striving ourto capture signing the over bridge Tolson’s despite Chapel fire raining to a newdown Friends from the group, west bank,replacing or to thevisualize old those hospitalfew Confederates signs and using donation the cover to paint of trees and and restore rocks whilethe Poffenberger picking off their house. opponents We as arethey grateful, approached always, the bridge. for your It takessupport, little and imagination hopeful tothat walk the the Antietam Roulette Valleyfarm fields andand thepretend environs you’re of in the the battlefieldIrish Brigade, will moving remain in linethe formationbest preserved up the battlefieldhill towards the inwithering the country. fire of the southerners using the Sunken Road as a bulwark of defense. It can all seem so real,Sincerely, so visceral, so omnipresent. Because Antietam is so well preserved, these scenarios, and dozensTom Clemens of others, can easily be imagined. No, I will never tire of walking these special places at Antietam, and I hope you feel the same way. Tom Clemens President SEPT_SHAF.indd 1 9/10/08 8:52:51 AM Forgotten Sacrifice: The Deaths of Colonels Marcellus Douglass & William B. Goodrich at Antietam by John David Hoptak deaths of these six generals, there were also two other he sanguinary struggle that occurred on brigade commanders who also gave their last full measure SeptemberT 17, 1862, along the banks of the Antietam of devotion at Antietam; two men nearly lost to history. Creek and near the small western Maryland village of For the Army of Northern Virginia, it was the youthful Sharpsburg ranks easily among the most consequential and brave Colonel Marcellus Douglass, who died after battles of the American Civil War. The retreat of the Army suffering no less than eight wounds during the first hour of Northern Virginia the following night signaled the and a half of combat. On the Federal side, it was Colonel end of the first Confederate invasion of Union soil. Most William Bingham Goodrich, who fell mortally wounded significantly, the Union victory at Antietam provided shortly after Douglass on the open fields immediately east President Abraham Lincoln the opportunity to announce of the West Woods. his intention to issue a proclamation of emancipation, Described by historian Robert Krick as a “small, which redefined the Federal war effort, allowed for the fair-skinned man with light blue eyes and blonde curly enlistment of nearly 200,000 African-American soldiers hair,” Marcellus Douglass was born in Thomaston, into Union blue, and went far in deterring Great Britain Georgia, on October 5, 1830. An 1848 graduate of the from recognizing the independence of the Confederate University of Georgia, Douglass was a member of the States of America. Yet for all of this, the battle of Antietam Georgia Secession Convention and, with the outbreak of is still best remembered for its appalling casualties. With civil war, entered service as Captain of Company E, 13th more than 23,100 soldiers killed, wounded, captured, or Georgia Infantry. A short time later, Douglass was elected listed among the missing in action, Antietam remains the lieutenant colonel; in the winter of 1861, he advanced bloodiest single-day battle in American history. in rank once more and assumed command of the 13th Included among this grim and unimaginable upon the death of Colonel Walter Ector. Attached to toll were six general officers—three Union and three Alexander Lawton’s brigade of Georgians, Colonel Confederate—who gave their lives on that bloody late Douglass ably led his men during the Seven Days’ Battles summer day. With the loss of these men, the Army of near Richmond and at Second Manassas. It was during the Potomac lost two reliable divisional commanders this latter fight that General Lawton assumed divisional and one corps commander, while the Army of Northern command, replacing a seriously wounded Richard Ewell. Virginia lost three promising brigadier generals. Only Colonel Douglass, the brigade’s ranking officer, assumed one other Civil War battle—Franklin—equaled the Lawton’s place at the helm of the brigade, a command he number of generals who died at Antietam and only still held three weeks later at Antietam.1 one—Gettysburg, where eleven generals fell—surpassed Douglass’s five regiments—the 13th, 26th, 31st, it. Standing in silent tribute today to the six generals 38th, and 61st Georgia—totaled just 1,150 officers and who died at Antietam are Mortuary Cannon. Erected by men at Antietam. During the late afternoon and early the U.S. War Department in the 1890s, these Mortuary evening of September 16, Douglass formed his brigade Cannon—a cannon barrel standing upright, with its into position on the left flank of the Confederate army. muzzle facing downward, cemented into a block of His line extended east of and ran perpendicular to the stone—enable visitors to Antietam National Battlefield to identify the location where these men fell. However, 1 Robert K. Krick, Lee’s Colonels: A Biographical Register of the Field Officers of the Army of Northern Virginia. 3rd ed. (Dayton, Ohio: while the loss in leadership was harsh enough with the Morningside, 1991), 109. Hagerstown Turnpike about 225 yards south of farmer Seeing the massive Federal columns advance toward his David R. Miller’s twenty-four acre cornfield. While his line, Colonel Douglass made his way from regiment to line extended roughly parallel with the southern edge of regiment, “exhorting the men not to fire until the enemy the cornfield, Douglass refused his brigade’s right flank reached the fence [at the southern edge of the cornfield]. to face northeast, in the direction of the East Woods, a . to shoot low and make every bullet count.”3 position already held by Union First Corps troops under Duryee’s 1,100 New Yorkers and Pennsylvanians General Truman Seymour.
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