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Muzaffargarh
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! Overview - Muzaffargarh ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Bhattiwala Kherawala !Molewala Siwagwala ! Mari PuadhiMari Poadhi LelahLeiah ! ! Chanawala ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Ladhranwala Kherawala! ! ! ! Lerah Tindawala Ahmad Chirawala Bhukwala Jhang Tehsil ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Lalwala ! Pehar MorjhangiMarjhangi Anwarwal!a Khairewala ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Wali Dadwala MuhammadwalaJindawala Faqirewala ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! MalkaniRetra !Shah Alamwala ! Bhindwalwala ! ! ! ! ! Patti Khar ! ! ! Dargaiwala Shah Alamwala ! ! ! ! ! ! Sultanwala ! ! Zubairwa(24e6)la Vasawa Khiarewala ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Jhok Bodo Mochiwala PakkaMochiwala KumharKumbar ! ! ! ! ! ! Qaziwala ! Haji MuhammadKhanwala Basti Dagi ! ! ! ! ! Lalwala Vasawa ! ! ! Mirani ! ! Munnawala! ! ! Mughlanwala ! Le! gend ! Sohnawala ! ! ! ! ! Pir Shahwala! ! ! Langanwala ! ! ! ! Chaubara ! Rajawala B!asti Saqi ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! BuranawalaBuranawala !Gullanwala ! ! ! ! ! Jahaniawala ! ! ! ! ! Pathanwala Rajawala Maqaliwala Sanpalwala Massu Khanwala ! ! ! ! ! ! Bhandniwal!a Josawala ! ! Basti NasirBabhan Jaman Shah !Tarkhanwala ! !Mohanawala ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Basti Naseer Tarkhanwala Mohanawala !Citiy / Town ! Sohbawala ! Basti Bhedanwala ! ! ! ! ! ! Sohaganwala Bhurliwala ! ! ! ! Thattha BulaniBolani Ladhana Kunnal Thal Pharlawala ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Ganjiwala Pinglarwala Sanpal Siddiq Bajwa ! ! ! ! ! Anhiwala Balochanwala ! Pahrewali ! ! Ahmadwala ! ! ! -
The Informal Sector and Economic Growth of South Africa and Nigeria: a Comparative Systematic Review
Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity Review The Informal Sector and Economic Growth of South Africa and Nigeria: A Comparative Systematic Review Ernest Etim and Olawande Daramola * Department of Information Technology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 652, South Africa; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 17 August 2020; Accepted: 10 October 2020; Published: 6 November 2020 Abstract: The informal sector is an integral part of several sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries and plays a key role in the economic growth of these countries. This article used a comparative systematic review to explore the factors that act as drivers to informality in South Africa (SA) and Nigeria, the challenges that impede the growth dynamics of the informal sector, the dominant subsectors, and policy initiatives targeting informal sector providers. A systematic search of Google Scholar, Scopus, ResearchGate was performed together with secondary data collated from grey literature. Using Boolean string search protocols facilitated the elucidation of research questions (RQs) raised in this study. An inclusion and exclusion criteria became necessary for rigour, comprehensiveness and limitation of publication bias. The data collated from thirty-one (31) primary studies (17 for SA and 14 for Nigeria) revealed that unemployment, income disparity among citizens, excessive tax burdens, excessive bureaucratic hurdles from government, inflationary tendencies, poor corruption control, GDP per capita, and lack of social protection survival tendencies all act as drivers to the informal sector in SA and Nigeria. Several challenges are given for both economies and policy incentives that might help sustain and improve the informal sector in these two countries. -
Austria FULL Constitution
AUSTRIA THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF 1920 as amended in 1929 as to Law No. 153/2004, December 30, 2004 Table of Contents CHAPTER I General Provisions European Union CHAPTER II Legislation of the Federation CHAPTER III Federal Execution CHAPTER IV Legislation and Execution by the Länder CHAPTER V Control of Accounts and Financial Management CHAPTER VI Constitutional and Administrative Guarantees CHAPTER VII The Office of the People’s Attorney ( Volksanwaltschaft ) CHAPTER VIII Final Provisions CHAPTER I General Provisions European Union A. General Provisions Article 1 Austria is a democratic republic. Its law emanates from the people. Article 2 (1) Austria is a Federal State. (2) The Federal State is constituted from independent Länder : Burgenland, Carinthia, Lower Austria, Upper Austria, Salzburg, Styria, Tirol, Vorarlberg and Vienna. Article 3 (1) The Federal territory comprises the territories ( Gebiete ) of the Federal Länder . (2) A change of the Federal territory, which is at the same time a change of a Land territory (Landesgebiet ), just as the change of a Land boundary inside the Federal territory, can—apart from peace treaties—take place only from harmonizing constitutional laws of the Federation (Bund ) and the Land , whose territory experiences change. Article 4 (1) The Federal territory forms a unitary currency, economic and customs area. (2) Internal customs borders ( Zwischenzollinien ) or other traffic restrictions may not be established within the Federation. Article 5 (1) The Federal Capital and the seat of the supreme bodies of the Federation is Vienna. (2) For the duration of extraordinary circumstances the Federal President, on the petition of the Federal Government, may move the seat of the supreme bodies of the Federation to another location in the Federal territory. -
Roman Large-Scale Mapping in the Early Empire
13 · Roman Large-Scale Mapping in the Early Empire o. A. w. DILKE We have already emphasized that in the period of the A further stimulus to large-scale surveying and map early empire1 the Greek contribution to the theory and ping practice in the early empire was given by the land practice of small-scale mapping, culminating in the work reforms undertaken by the Flavians. In particular, a new of Ptolemy, largely overshadowed that of Rome. A dif outlook both on administration and on cartography ferent view must be taken of the history of large-scale came with the accession of Vespasian (T. Flavius Ves mapping. Here we can trace an analogous culmination pasianus, emperor A.D. 69-79). Born in the hilly country of the Roman bent for practical cartography. The foun north of Reate (Rieti), a man of varied and successful dations for a land surveying profession, as already noted, military experience, including the conquest of southern had been laid in the reign of Augustus. Its expansion Britain, he overcame his rivals in the fierce civil wars of had been occasioned by the vast program of colonization A.D. 69. The treasury had been depleted under Nero, carried out by the triumvirs and then by Augustus him and Vespasian was anxious to build up its assets. Fron self after the civil wars. Hyginus Gromaticus, author of tinus, who was a prominent senator throughout the Fla a surveying treatise in the Corpus Agrimensorum, tells vian period (A.D. 69-96), stresses the enrichment of the us that Augustus ordered that the coordinates of surveys treasury by selling to colonies lands known as subseciva. -
Barking Riverside, London First Options Testing of Options: Sketch (Neighborhood Scale)
CLIMATE-RESILIENT URBAN PLANS AND DESIGNS QUEZON CITY Tools for Design Development I - Urban Design as a Tool Planning Instruments •Philippine Development Plan / Regional Development Plan Comprehensive Plans, NEDA – National Economic and Development Authority •The Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) ~1:40 000 - 1: 20 000 strategic planning approach, specific proposals for guiding, regulating growth and development; considers all sectors significant in the development process consistent with and supportive of provincial plan provides guidelines for city/municipality, including •Zoning Ordinances (implementing tool of the CLUP) divides a territory into zones (residential, commercial, industrial, open space, etc) and specifies the nature and intensity of use of each zone. It is required to be updated every 5 years. •Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) Medium-term plan of action implementing the CLUP (3-6 years), covers the social, economic, infrastructure, environment and institutional sectors •Barangay Development Plan (BDP) socio-economic and physical plan of the barangay; includes priority programmes, projects and activities of the barangay development council enumerates specific programmes and projects and their costs; justifies the use of the Barangay’s share of the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) coming from the national government. Usually a list of projects. Urban Design “CityLife Masterplan” - Milano II - The Design Brief as Tool for Resilient Urban Design Instruments per Scale, New ZealandMetropolitan City-wide (urban area) Urban District PrivateNeighborhood Space Street Purpose of the Design Brief 1. The Task specifies what a project has to achieve, by what means, in what timeframe so the design team works towards the right direction (e.g. environmental targets, programme, demands for m²) 2. -
San Casciano Val Di Pesa, Province of Florence, Italy
Title of the experience : Community Mobility Network (Muoversi in Comune) Name of city/region : San Casciano Val di Pesa, Province of Florence, Italy Promoting entity: Promoted by the Municipality of San Casciano Val di Pesa (Italy) with the Support of the Regional Authority for Participation of the Region of Tuscany. Country: Italy Starting date: 03/2015 Finishing date : 07/2015 Name of the contact person: Leonardo Baldini Position of the contact person: Responsabile del servizio Cultura e Sport – Municipality of San Casciano Val di Pesa Contact telephone: E-mail: [email protected] +39 055 8256260 Population size: 17 201 (01-01-2015) Surface area: 107,83 km² Population Density: 159,52 ab./km² Collaborative service design in smart X Type of experience mobility Regional scope District X Thematic area Transportation X Accessibility, in the sense of the concrete and effective possibility of accessing the workplace, social services, health centers, educational spaces, but also cultural and recreational facilities is a fundamental component in the fight against social exclusion and a discriminating factor in the promotion of social well-being and quality of life. In this context, public and private transports can present high barriers to entry: timetables, routes and costs may preclude their use, especially among the most vulnerable and less autonomous sectors of the population. The City Council of San Casciano Val di Pesa (Italy) suffering in recent years from repeated cuts at the central and regional level to the financial resources needed to provide adequate public transportation, decided to share with its citizens not only the investment choices in new services but also to actively involve the local community and key stakeholders in the participatory design of an innovative integrated mobility network. -
Provincia Codice Istat Della Provincia Codice Istat Del Comune
Rilevazione statistica "rapida" dei permessi di costruire Elenco dei Comuni campione (anno 2020) - Cod. PSN IST-1675 Codice Istat della Codice Istat del Provincia Denominazione del Comune Provincia Comune 001 006 Almese 001 007 Alpette 001 018 Baldissero Torinese 001 024 Beinasco 001 047 Caluso 001 063 Caselle Torinese 001 071 Cercenasco 001 077 Chiaverano 001 078 Chieri 001 090 Collegno 001 097 Cumiana 001 099 Druento 001 115 Giaveno 001 127 La Loggia 001 130 Leini 001 144 Marentino 001 156 Moncalieri 001 168 None 001 180 Pavarolo Torino 001 181 Pavone Canavese 001 191 Pinerolo 001 194 Piossasco 001 214 Rivalta di Torino 001 218 Rivarossa 001 224 Ronco Canavese 001 248 San Maurizio Canavese 001 249 San Mauro Torinese 001 254 San Secondo di Pinerolo 001 255 Sant'Ambrogio di Torino 001 260 Scalenghe 001 272 Torino 001 276 Trana 001 292 Venaria Reale 001 302 Villarbasse 001 309 Vinovo 001 310 Virle Piemonte 001 314 Volpiano 001 318 Valchiusa 002 008 Balmuccia 002 061 Gattinara Vercelli 002 156 Varallo 002 158 Vercelli 002 170 Alto Sermenza 003 016 Bellinzago Novarese 003 024 Borgomanero 003 070 Gargallo 003 079 Grignasco Novara 003 097 Mezzomerico 003 106 Novara 003 130 Romagnano Sesia 003 138 Sillavengo 003 149 Trecate 004 019 Bene Vagienna 004 025 Borgo San Dalmazzo 004 044 Cartignano 004 078 Cuneo 004 082 Dronero 004 089 Fossano 004 101 Guarene 004 117 Marene 004 143 Moretta Cuneo 004 163 Peveragno 004 165 Pianfei 004 169 Piozzo 004 198 Ruffia 004 215 Savigliano 004 224 Stroppo 004 227 Torre Mondovì 004 239 Vernante 004 244 Villafalletto Rilevazione statistica "rapida" dei permessi di costruire Elenco dei Comuni campione (anno 2020) - Cod. -
Codici Statistici Delle Unità Amministrative Territoriali
30 giugno 2021 Codici statistici delle unità amministrative territoriali NOVITÀ PER L'ANNO 2021 1. Numero dei comuni 17 giugno 2021 Modifica confini regionali Con Legge n. 84/2021 è disposta la modifica dei confini delle Marche e dell’Emilia-Romagna a seguito del passaggio dei comuni di Montecopiolo e Sassofeltrio dalla Provincia di Pesaro e Urbino a quella di Rimini. 20 febbraio 2021 I comuni sono 7.904. Istituito il comune di Misiliscemi (TP) mediante scorporo dal comune di Trapani delle località Fontanasalsa, Guarrato, Rilievo, Locogrande, Marausa, Palma, Salinagrande e Pietretagliate. 2. Cambi denominazione Non si registrano variazioni fino alla data di riferimento del documento. 3. Le tipologie di ripartizioni sovracomunali Negli ultimi anni l’assetto amministrativo nazionale ha subìto numerosi cambiamenti, non solo in termini di numerosità di comuni, ma anche di organizzazione dei livelli gerarchici superiori (Province, Città metropolitane e Liberi consorzi di comuni). Cambiamenti che si ripercuotono sul tema delle unità territoriali da utilizzare, sia per la produzione di statistiche, sia come dimensione per la diffusione dell’informazione al livello territoriale intermedio tra Regione e Comune. Pertanto, a fronte dei cambiamenti amministrativi intervenuti, l’Istat introduce, il termine di Unità territoriale sovracomunale ad indicare le diverse tipologie di enti intermedi di secondo livello (Province, Città metropolitane e Liberi consorzi di comuni) in conseguenza delle leggi di riforma degli assetti territoriali. Restano invariati i loro codici statistici. L’Istat chiarisce, inoltre, che il termine di Unità territoriale sovracomunale ricomprende anche le “unità non amministrative”, ossia le ex-province di Trieste, Gorizia, Pordenone e Udine, dopo la soppressione degli Enti locali intermedi nella regione Friuli-Venezia Giulia. -
Centralization, Decentralization and Conflict in the Middle East and North Africa
Middle East Centralization, and Decentralization North Africa and Confl ict in the Middle East Working Paper and North Africa Series No. 51 October 2008 by The World Bank Mehmet Serkan Tosun Produced by the Serdar Yilmaz Offi ce of the Chief Economist Summaries in Arabic and French Middle East and North Africa Working Paper Series No. 51 Centralization, Decentralization and Conflict in the Middle East and North Africa By Mehmet Serkan Tosun∗ University of Nevada, Reno and Serdar Yilmaz• World Bank October 2008 Discussion papers are not formal publications of the World Bank. They represent preliminary and often unpolished results of country analysis and research. Circulation is intended to encourage discussion and comments; citation and the use of the paper should take account of its provisional character. The findings and conclusions of the paper are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed to the World Bank, its affiliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. The authors thank Lyn Squire, Blanca Moreno-Dodson Jennifer Keller and Robert Beschel for helpful comments and suggestions, Dilek Uz and Omid Harraf for excellent research assistance. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions are entirely those of authors, and do not represent the views of the World Bank, its executive directors, or the countries they represent. Corresponding author: Serdar Yilmaz. * Department of Economics, College of Business Administration, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Mail Stop 0030. Nevada 89557; [email protected]; phone: +1-775-7846678. • Social Development Department, World Bank, 1818 H Street, NW, Washington D.C. -
Austrian Federalism in Comparative Perspective
CONTEMPORARY AUSTRIAN STUDIES | VOLUME 24 Bischof, Karlhofer (Eds.), Williamson (Guest Ed.) • 1914: Aus tria-Hungary, the Origins, and the First Year of World War I War of World the Origins, and First Year tria-Hungary, Austrian Federalism in Comparative Perspective Günter Bischof AustrianFerdinand Federalism Karlhofer (Eds.) in Comparative Perspective Günter Bischof, Ferdinand Karlhofer (Eds.) UNO UNO PRESS innsbruck university press UNO PRESS innsbruck university press Austrian Federalism in ŽŵƉĂƌĂƟǀĞWĞƌƐƉĞĐƟǀĞ Günter Bischof, Ferdinand Karlhofer (Eds.) CONTEMPORARY AUSTRIAN STUDIES | VOLUME 24 UNO PRESS innsbruck university press Copyright © 2015 by University of New Orleans Press All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage nd retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. All inquiries should be addressed to UNO Press, University of New Orleans, LA 138, 2000 Lakeshore Drive. New Orleans, LA, 70148, USA. www.unopress.org. Printed in the United States of America Book design by Allison Reu and Alex Dimeff Cover photo © Parlamentsdirektion Published in the United States by Published and distributed in Europe University of New Orleans Press by Innsbruck University Press ISBN: 9781608011124 ISBN: 9783902936691 UNO PRESS Publication of this volume has been made possible through generous grants from the the Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration, and Foreign Affairs in Vienna through the Austrian Cultural Forum in New York, as well as the Federal Ministry of Economics, Science, and Research through the Austrian Academic Exchange Service (ÖAAD). The Austrian Marshall Plan Anniversary Foundation in Vienna has been very generous in supporting Center Austria: The Austrian Marshall Plan Center for European Studies at the University of New Orleans and its publications series. -
Austria Österreich
eGovernment Factsheets January 2007 [ eGovernment in ] Version 7.0 Austria Österreich Country Profile History eGovernment Strategy eGovernment Legal Framework Actors eGovernment Who’s Who eGovernment Infrastructure Services for Citizens eGovernment Services for Businesses What’s Inside European Commission http://ec.europa.eu/idabc/egovo [ eGovernment Factsheets - Austria ] Contents: Country Profile..........................................................................Profile.........................................................................1 eGovernment History.................................................................History................................................................3 eGovernment Strategy.............................................................Strategy.............................................................109 eGovernment Legal Framework...............................................1412 eGovernment Actors................................................................Actors...............................................................1516 eGovernment Who’s Who........................................................2018 eGovernment Infrastructure.....................................................2124 eGovernment Services for Citizens...........................................2824 eGovernment Services for Businesses.......................................3530 Disclaimer: This document is not intended to be exhaustive. Its purpose is to give an overview of the general e-government situation -
Contextualising Austria's Commemorative Year 2005 Matthew .P Berg John Carroll University, [email protected]
John Carroll University Carroll Collected History 1-2008 Commemoration versus coping with the past: contextualising Austria's commemorative year 2005 Matthew .P Berg John Carroll University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://collected.jcu.edu/hist-facpub Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Berg, Matthew P., "Commemoration versus coping with the past: contextualising Austria's commemorative year 2005" (2008). History. 19. http://collected.jcu.edu/hist-facpub/19 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Carroll Collected. It has been accepted for inclusion in History by an authorized administrator of Carroll Collected. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Commemoration versus Vergangenheitsbewältigung: Contextualizing Austria’s Gedenkjahr 2005* Abstract This essay explores the politics of memory in post-1945 Austrian political culture, focusing on the shift between the fiftieth anniversary of the Anschluss and the sixtieth anniversary of the end of the Second World War. Postwar Austrian society experienced a particular tension associated with the Nazi past, manifested in communicative and cultural forms of memory. On the one hand, the support of many for the Third Reich—expressed through active or passive complicity—threatened to link Austria with the perpetrator status reserved for German society. On the other, the Allies’ Moscow Declaration (1943) created a myth of victimization by Germany that allowed Austrians to avoid confronting difficult questions concerning the Nazi era. Consequently, discussion of Austrian involvement in National Socialism became a taboo subject during the initial decades of the Second Republic. The 2005 commemoration is notable insofar as it marked a significant break with this taboo.