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The Aplocnemus Stephens, 1830, of Greece (Coleoptera, Cleroidea, Dasytidae). a Contribution to Their Knowledge

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The Aplocnemus Stephens, 1830, of Greece (Coleoptera, Cleroidea, Dasytidae). a Contribution to Their Knowledge Natural History Sciences. Atti Soc. it. Sci. nat. Museo civ. Stor. nat. Milano, 6 (1): 3-26, 2019 DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2019.389 The Aplocnemus Stephens, 1830, of Greece (Coleoptera, Cleroidea, Dasytidae). A contribution to their knowledge Gianfranco Liberti Abstract - The first part of the paper includes an overview of genus nemus) caelatus (Brullé, 1832); A. brevissimus Pic, 1908 = A. (Aploc- Aplocnemus and a discussion of the related subgenera; as a result one nemus) quercicola Mulsant & Rey, 1968; A. kiesenwetteri Schilsky, of them is placed in synonymy: Holcopleura Schilsky, 1894 = Aplocne- 1897 = A. (Aplocnemus) rufipes Miller, 1862; A. turcicus Schilsky, mus (Aplocnemus) Stephens, 1830. 1897 = A. (Aplocnemus) reitteri Schilsky, 1894; A. cribripennis Pic, The second part deals with the 16 Aplocnemus species found to 1921 = A. (Aplocnemus) serratus (Brullé, 1832); A. latior Pic, 1908, A. live in Greece. Out of these, 9 are fully discussed, with descriptions and thessalicus Pic, 1908 e A. atricornis Pic, 1921 = A. (Diplambe) abietum drawings of dissected structures (median lobe, tegmen, last sternite). Kiesenwetter, 1859. The remaining 7 have been already – and rather recently – considered and illustrated in previous papers: for them only new taxonomic and/or Parole chiave: Penisola balcanica, tassonomia, nuove specie, sino- distributional information are herewith supplied. nimie, Bulgaria, Croazia, Montenegro, Turchia. One new taxon is described: Aplocnemus henrici sp. n from nor- thern Greece and Bulgaria. 9 new synonymies, at species level, are pro- posed: A. macedonicus Pic, 1922 = A. (Aplocnemus) basalis (Küster, 1849); A. pristocerus Kiesenwetter, 1859 = A. (Aplocnemus) caelatus INTRODUCTION (Brullé, 1832); A. brevissimus Pic, 1908 = A. (Aplocnemus) quercicola Following Mayor (2007) genus Aplocnemus belongs Mulsant & Rey, 1968; A. kiesenwetteri Schilsky, 1897 = A. (Aplocne- mus) rufipes Miller, 1862; A. turcicus Schilsky, 1897 = A. (Aplocnemus) to family Dasytidae, subfamily Rhadalinae, tribe Aploc- reitteri Schilsky, 1894; A. cribripennis Pic, 1921 = A. (Aplocnemus) nemini. Family rank for Rhadalinae has been recently serratus (Brullé, 1832); A. latior Pic, 1908, A. thessalicus Pic, 1908 and suggested by Bocakova et al. (2011) based on a molecular A. atricornis Pic, 1921 = A. (Diplambe) abietum Kiesenwetter, 1859. phylogenetic analysis of the whole Melyridae group (Da- sytidae, Malachiidae, Mauroniscidae, Melyridae, Priono- Key words: Balkan Peninsula, taxonomy, new species, synony- mies, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, Turkey. ceridae, Rhadalidae) and, as a matter of facts, Rhadalinae appear rather different from the other Dasytidae. What- ever it could be, the Rhadalinae rank is not really relevant Riassunto - Aplocnemus Stephens, 1830, della Grecia (Coleotteri, to the purpose of this paper. Cleroidea, Dasytidae). Un contributo alla loro conoscenza. Genus Aplocnemus is Palaearctic and its known distri- La prima parte dell’articolo include una panoramica del genere Aplocnemus e una discussione sui relativi sottogeneri; come risultato, bution ranges from the Atlantic coasts of France to the uno di essi è posto in sinonimia: Holcopleura Schilsky, 1894 = Aploc- Altai Mountains Range in central Asia, at latitudes appro- nemus (Aplocnemus) Stephens, 1830. ximately included between 30° and 55° (see also Mayor, La seconda parte del lavoro tratta delle 16 specie di Aplocnemus la 2007). It is a large genus: in his Catalog, Mayor (2007) cui presenza in Grecia ha potuto essere verificata. Di queste, 9 vengono lists nearly 150 valid taxa. Out of them, 16 species are pienamente discusse, con descrizioni e disegni di parti anatomiche known for Greece and are here included. (lobo mediano, tegmen, ultimo sternite). Le rimanenti 7 sono già state considerate e illustrate - piuttosto recentemente - in lavori precedenti: In recent years Aplocnemus has been the subject of se- per essi vengono qui fornite solo ulteriori nuove informazioni tassono- veral papers (Majer, 1982, 1985; Peacock, 1987; Liberti, miche e/o distributive. 1995; Liberti & Zinetti, 2009; Constantin, 2005, 2007) Viene descritto un nuovo taxon: Aplocnemus henrici n. sp. dalla mainly dealing with species of central Europe and we- Grecia settentrionale e dalla Bulgaria. Si propongono 9 nuove sinoni- stern Mediterranean area (France, Spain and Italy). On the mie a livello di specie: A. macedonicus Pic, 1922 = A. (Aplocnemus) basalis (Küster, 1849); A. pristocerus Kiesenwetter, 1859 = A. (Aploc- other hand, the knowledge of Aplocnemus species living in north Africa, eastern Mediterranean Countries (the Bal- kan Peninsula, Turkey, Middle East), eastern Europe and Via Cascina Girola 81, 21040 Uboldo (VA), Italia. other Asiatic countries still is poor and mainly based on E-mail: [email protected] the Kiesenwetter (1859, 1863) and Schilsky (1894a, 1897) papers, more than one century old. The present work aims © 2018 Gianfranco Liberti at partially filling this gap, reviewing the Aplocnemus species of southern Balkans. Received: 25 January 2018 Accepted for publication: 5 September 2018 Aplocnemus are usually good flyers and can be found Online publication: 29 November 2018 by beating trees and shrubs or sweeping grass. Certain species appear to be rare or very rare although trap (flight 4 GIANFRANCO Liberti interception, Malaise etc.) collection may, at times, sug- DMHF [using a DiMethyl-Hydantoine-Formaldehyde so- gest they might be more frequent than expected. Their lution made up with 60 % weight DMHF plus 40% weight biology is rather unknown although, for several species, of a water based solvent – 40% volume water + 60% volu- there is evidence of saproxylic behaviour (Russo, 1938; me propylenglycol-monomethylether – whose manufac- Prota, 1966); information and bibliography relating to turing procedure has been described, in details, elsewhere Aplocnemus biology and larval anatomy can be found in (Liberti, 2005)] on a small transparent cellulose acetate Constantin & Klausnitzer (1996). Adults usually appear in label pinned under the insect cardboard. spring or early summer, depending on altitude, but certain This rather cumbersome procedure is necessary to ke- species may disclose in late autumn or in winter (Russo, ep the insect undamaged and to allow the dorsal lever (of 1938; Liberti, 2009). median lobe) to remain well visible after mounting. This paper is based both on materials personally col- All drawings have been made with the aid of a calibra- lected by the writer in several entomological trips to Gre- ted grid mounted on the ocular lens of a stereomicrosco- ece (1997, 1998, 2001, 2005, 2006, 2007), Croatia and pe, at variable magnifications. Montenegro (2002, 2003, 2004, 2008) and Turkey (2010, Photographs have been taken by means of a camera 2011) and on materials kept in several private and public placed on the video tube of the same stereomicroscope collections (see list of depositories). The types of many and the multiple focus frames combined with Helicon Fo- species, although not all, have been retrieved and studied cus 6 software. as below detailed. Note on explicit indication of subgenera MATERIALS AND METHODS Throughout the text subgenera have been often de- clared, as suggested by the code (ICZN 1999: art. 6.1), Territory by interpolation in parentheses between generic and spe- Included in this paper are only those species for which cific names, at times abbreviated. However, in captions, a clear evidence of their presence in Greece has been subgenera have been omitted when the species belongs found. For them, collection localities in other Balkanic to Aplocnemus subgenus Aplocnemus. That does not countries, Romania and Turkey are also reported, if any. cause any loss of clarity and − taking into account that The Countries abbreviations used in the text are listed the great majority of the Greek species belong to subge- below, under “Lists and Abbreviations”. nus Aplocnemus − results in easier reading and shorter All Greek localities, as reported under “Materials stu- captions. died”, are grouped by administrative provinces (nomos). To ease understanding their location, a sketch of the admi- nistrative structure of Greece, taken from the below men- Notes to “Systematics” tioned “Euro Atlas”, is supplied in Fig. 1. Meaning of terms used througout the paper can be found in Cooter (2006: 413, Glossary). Information on, and meaning of, a few more terms are here below Materials, dissections and drawings reported. Abbreviations used in descriptions are listed The materials actually studied, well in excess of one below. thousand specimens, are in the writer’s collection or have been borrowed from several collections, either of public access (Museums) or private, listed under “Lists and Ab- Meaning of some terms used in descriptions breviations”. Aedeagus: the assembly of tegmen and median lobe All dissections have been carried out working (in wa- (with dorsal lever) (Figs. 17, 18, 20). ter) under a stereomicroscope (at variable magnifications, Dimensions: when dimensions are supplied as sim- usually from 15x to 30 x) with the thinnest micropins found ple intervals (for example: TL = 5.8-6.5 mm) it means on the market (0.1 mm), suitably hooked at the sharp ex- that the reported numbers are the maximum and minimun tremity and fitted with a wooden handle at the other. The values actually measured on the specimens available for insects have been softened by immersion in a solution of study. When dimensions are supplied as average plus a ethyl-alcohol in
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