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Ciaiacciaiac Comisión De Investigación De Accidentes E Incidentes De Aviación Civil CIAIACCIAIAC COMISIÓN DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE ACCIDENTES E INCIDENTES DE AVIACIÓN CIVIL Informe CIAIAC-ULM 2017 Accidentalidad de las aeronaves ultraligeras motorizadas (ULM) en España durante el año 2017 Informe CIAIAC-ULM 2017 Accidentalidad de las aeronaves ultraligeras motorizadas (ULM) en España durante el año 2017 Fecha de aprobación: 25 de abril de 2018 SUBSECRETARÍA COMISIÓN DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE ACCIDENTES E INCIDENTES DE AVIACIÓN CIVIL © Ministerio de Fomento Secretaría General Técnica Centro de Publicaciones NIPO Línea: 161-14-157-4 NIPO Papel: 161-15-061-X Depósito legal: M-16719-2018 Maquetación: David García Arcos Impresión: Centro de Publicaciones COMISIÓN DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE ACCIDENTES E INCIDENTES DE AVIACIÓN CIVIL Tel.: +34 91 597 89 63 E-mail: [email protected] C/ Fruela, 6 Fax: +34 91 463 55 35 http://www.ciaiac.es 28011 Madrid (España) Accidentalidad de ULM en España durante el año 2017 CIAIAC-ULM 2017 Índice Página 1. INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................................... 1 2. RESUMEN EJECUTIVO .......................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Hechos relevantes ......................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Conclusiones de accidentalidad ULM en 2017 ............................................................... 4 3. RECOMENDACIONES DE SEGURIDAD ................................................................................. 4 3.1 Recomendaciones de seguridad emitidas en 2017 ......................................................... 5 3.2 Evaluaciones de las respuestas ....................................................................................... 6 3.2.1 Respuestas evaluadas en 2017 ......................................................................... 6 3.2.2 Relación de respuestas a Recomendaciones evaluadas en 2017 ........................ 8 3.2.3 Respuestas pendientes de evaluación al finalizar 2017 ..................................... 35 4. DATOS DE ACCIDENTALIDAD DE ULM ................................................................................ 35 4.1 Datos globales .............................................................................................................. 36 4.2 Objeto del vuelo............................................................................................................ 37 4.3 Fase del vuelo ............................................................................................................... 38 4.4 Lesiones a personas....................................................................................................... 39 4.5 Daños materiales........................................................................................................... 40 4.6 Tipo de construcción del ultraligero ............................................................................... 40 4.7 Tipo de ala del ultraligero .............................................................................................. 41 4.8 Tipo de evento característico ......................................................................................... 42 4.9 Época del año ............................................................................................................... 43 5. ACTIVIDADES DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE SUCESOS ULM ....................................................... 43 5.1 Distribución Geográfica ................................................................................................. 44 5.2 Investigaciones iniciadas por la CIAIAC en 2017 ............................................................ 44 5.3 Investigaciones finalizadas por la CIAIAC en 2017 ......................................................... 46 5.4 Avances de investigaciones en curso a fecha 31 de diciembre de 2017 .......................... 48 ANEXO I – Clasificación de estatus asignados a las recomendaciones de seguridad ............. 50 ANEXO II – Investigaciones iniciadas por la CIAIAC en 2017 .................................................... 53 ANEXO III – Investigaciones finalizadas por la CIAIAC en 2017 ................................................ 65 ANEXO IV – Avances de investigaciones en curso a fecha 31 de diciembre de 2017 .............. 87 ANEXO V – Acrónimos ................................................................................................................. 89 Índice de figuras Figura 1. Distribución geográfica de sucesos de ULM en 2017 .................................................... 44 iii Accidentalidad de ULM en España durante el año 2017 CIAIAC-ULM 2017 1. INTRODUCCIÓN El objeto de este documento es la presentación de los datos relativos a la accidentalidad de las aeronaves ultraligeras motorizadas (denominadas comúnmente ultraligeros o ULM) en España durante el año 2017. Según lo dispuesto en el Real Decreto 1591/1999, de 15 de octubre, esta denominación aplica a todos los aerodinos motorizados comprendidos en alguna de las siguientes categorías: Categoría A. Aviones terrestres, acuáticos o anfibios que no tengan más de dos plazas para ocupantes, cuya velocidad calibrada de pérdida en configuración de aterrizaje no sea superior a 65 km/h y cuya masa máxima autorizada al despegue no sea superior a: a) 300 kg para aviones terrestres monoplazas b) 450 kg para aviones terrestres biplazas c) 330 kg para hidroaviones o aviones anfibios monoplazas d) 495 kg para hidroaviones o aviones anfibios biplazas Categoría B. Giroaviones terrestres, acuáticos o anfibios que no tengan más de dos plazas para ocupantes, y cuya masa máxima autorizada al despegue no sea superior a: a) 300 kg para giroaviones terrestres monoplazas b) 450 kg para giroaviones terrestres biplazas c) 330 kg para giroaviones acuáticos o anfibios monoplazas d) 495 kg para giroaviones acuáticos o anfibios biplazas y quedan excluidos de la categoría de ultraligeros los aerodinos no motorizados (planeadores), los aerostatos, y las aeronaves motorizadas o no, para cuyo despegue o aterrizaje sea necesario el concurso directo del esfuerzo físico de cualquier ocupante, actuando éste en sustitución de algún elemento estructural, tales como las alas delta, los paracaídas motorizados, los aerostatos con barquillas motorizadas y cualquier otro ingenio que necesite de tal esfuerzo para el despegue o el aterrizaje, quedando por tanto los accidentes relativos a éstos excluidos del objeto de este informe. Esta publicación tiene un carácter exclusivamente técnico, orientado a la prevención de futuros accidentes e incidentes, no encontrándose entre sus fines la determinación 1 Accidentalidad de ULM en España durante el año 2017 CIAIAC-ULM 2017 ni establecimiento de culpa o responsabilidad alguna. En consecuencia, el uso de este informe para cualquier propósito distinto supone un uso inapropiado del mismo y puede derivar en conclusiones e interpretaciones erróneas. La Comisión de Investigación de Accidentes e Incidentes de Aviación Civil (CIAIAC) adquirió la responsabilidad del desarrollo de las investigaciones de accidentes de ULM en mayo de 2013. Desde esta fecha, y de conformidad con el Reglamento (UE) No 996/2010 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 20 de octubre de 2010, Artículo 5, por el que se establece que es decisión de las autoridades encargadas de las investigaciones de seguridad decidir investigar aquellos accidentes o incidentes graves no sujetos a la obligatoriedad de ser investigados con arreglo a la legislación nacional de los Estados miembros, con el fin de extraer enseñanzas en materia de seguridad de tales investigaciones, la investigación de accidentes de ULM acaecidos en espacio aéreo español pasa a formar parte de las actividades a desarrollar por la CIAIAC. En su afán por prevenir futuros accidentes e incidentes, en 2014 la CIAIAC incluyó además entre sus funciones la investigación de incidentes de ULM. 2. RESUMEN EJECUTIVO Este documento pretende proporcionar una visión general de los condicionantes operativos relacionados con la actividad de aeronaves ultraligeras motorizadas en el ejercicio 2017, en base a la información disponible a fecha 31 de marzo de 2018 y a las valoraciones contempladas en ese momento. Con este objeto, el informe se ha estructurado en las secciones que se mencionan a continuación: • Recomendaciones de seguridad derivadas de la investigación de sucesos ULM • Datos de accidentalidad de ULM en el año 2017 • Actividades de investigación relativas a sucesos de ULM ocurridos durante 2017 o en años anteriores La sección 3 de este informe recopila las 27 recomendaciones de seguridad emitidas por la CIAIAC en el año 2017. Además, en 2017 la CIAIAC ha continuado evaluando las respuestas recibidas en relación a las recomendaciones de seguridad emitidas en años anteriores. Toda la información relativa a la emisión y seguimiento de las recomendaciones de seguridad emitidas por la CIAIAC en 2017 y en años anteriores en relación a los accidentes de ultraligeros queda recogida en la sección 3 de este documento. Para el seguimiento y control de las recomendaciones de seguridad emitidas por la CIAIAC se han empleado tres bases de datos diferentes: 2 Accidentalidad de ULM en España durante el año 2017 CIAIAC-ULM 2017 • una base de datos interna, para el propio control de las recomendaciones, su estado y seguimiento; • una base de datos interna de apoyo al investigador con la que los investigadores pueden conocer rápidamente si una recomendación similar a
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