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Cognitive Control in Working Memory: an Individual Differences Approach Based on the Dual Mechanisms of Control Framework

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Cognitive Control in Working Memory: an Individual Differences Approach Based on the Dual Mechanisms of Control Framework Cognitive control in working memory : an individual differences approach based on the Dual Mechanisms of Control framework Corentin Gonthier To cite this version: Corentin Gonthier. Cognitive control in working memory : an individual differences approach based on the Dual Mechanisms of Control framework. Cognitive Sciences. Université de Grenoble, 2014. English. NNT : 2014GRENS035. tel-01557525 HAL Id: tel-01557525 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01557525 Submitted on 6 Jul 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THESIS Presented to the University of Grenoble In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PHILOSOPHIAE DOCTOR Specialty : Cognitive sciences, cognitive psychology and neurocognition Ministerial order: 7 August 2006 By Corentin GONTHIER Advised by Jean-Luc ROULIN and Monica BACIU prepared in the Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition – CNRS, UMR5105 – University of Grenoble and University of Savoy in the École Doctorale Ingénierie pour la Santé, la Cognition et l'Environnement (EDISCE) Cognitive control in working memory: An individual differences approach based on the Dual Mechanisms of Control framework Defended December 12, 2014. Thesis defense committee: Pr. Jacques JUHEL – Reviewer University of Rennes Pr. Pierre BARROUILLET – Reviewer University of Geneva Pr. Todd BRAVER – Examiner Washington University in St. Louis Pr. Pascal HOT – President of the committee University of Savoy Pr. Monica BACIU – Doctoral advisor Pierre Mendès France University Dr. Jean-Luc ROULIN – Doctoral advisor University of Savoy Pierre Mendès France University / University of Savoy THÈSE Pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE GRENOBLE Spécialité : Sciences cognitives, psychologie cognitive et neurocognition Arrêté ministériel : 7 août 2006 Présentée par Corentin GONTHIER Thèse dirigée par Jean-Luc ROULIN et Monica BACIU préparée au sein du Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition – CNRS, UMR 5105 – Université de Grenoble et Université de Savoie dans l'École Doctorale Ingénierie pour la Santé, la Cognition et l'Environnement (EDISCE) Contrôle cognitif en mémoire de travail : une approche différentielle dans le cadre du modèle à Deux Mécanismes de Contrôle Thèse soutenue publiquement le 12 décembre 2014, devant le jury composé de : Pr. Jacques JUHEL – Rapporteur Université de Rennes Pr. Pierre BARROUILLET – Rapporteur Université de Genève Pr. Todd BRAVER – Examinateur Université de Washington à St. Louis Pr. Pascal HOT – Président du jury Université de Savoie Pr. Monica BACIU – Directrice de thèse Université Pierre Mendès France Dr. Jean-Luc ROULIN – Directeur de thèse Université de Savoie Université Pierre Mendès France / Université de Savoie You don't use science to show that you're right, you use science to become right. – Randall Munroe, xkcd 701 And here, poor fool! with all my lore, I stand no wiser than before. – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Faust - i - ACKNOWLEDGMENTS C'est avec plaisir que je remercie les deux directeurs par lesquels ce travail de thèse a eu la bonne fortune d'être encadré. Jean-Luc, tu as su me laisser tracer ma propre route tout en étant là à chaque fois que j'ai eu besoin de toi, et critiquer mes travaux juste assez pour me pousser à les améliorer ; je te remercie d'avoir été le directeur de thèse qu'il me fallait. Merci à toi Monica d'avoir prêté plus que ton nom à cette thèse en me faisant une place dans ta mémoire de travail déjà surchargée et, plus important encore, en prenant la peine de t'intéresser à un sujet bien loin de ton domaine. Je remercie chaleureusement Jacques Juhel et Pierre Barrouillet d'avoir courageusement accepté d'évaluer cette thèse et de faire le déplacement jusqu'aux confins de la Savoie. Pascal, je te remercie d'avoir apporté ta contribution à tous les niveaux de cette thèse en me confiant un sujet de maîtrise portant sur le fonctionnement exécutif, en m'aidant à définir un protocole EEG, et en participant à mon jury. Cela a été un vrai plaisir de travailler et d'échanger avec toi depuis mon année de maîtrise et c'est tout autant un plaisir de te compter au sein de mon jury de thèse. Thank you so much Todd for giving an anonymous student the chance to work with you three years ago. I was hoping for the enriching collaboration, but I wasn't expecting to find you so kind and receptive. (And sharp. And humane.) Mes remerciements vont à ceux qui ont largement contribué au contenu de cette thèse. Merci à Cédric, Sylvain et Emilie (je maintiens que c'est un sacrilège de travailler le week-end !) d'avoir dépensé votre temps sans compter et de m'avoir prêté votre inestimable expertise. Heureusement que vous étiez là : sans votre soutien à tous les trois, le Chapitre 7 de cette thèse ne comprendrait qu'une page de titre. Merci à Méline et Joël de vous être sali les mains en assurant les passations expérimentales de l'Étude 1. - ii - Thanks go to our friends on the other side [of the Atlantic]. I thank Lauren Richmond as well as Andy Conway and the Princeton team for kindly contributing the data presented in Appendix C. I also thank all the members of the CCP lab, whose welcome made my stay in Saint Louis a highlight of my doctoral studies. Thanks Carol for your efficiency, Jo for your kettle, Kevin for your availability, Deanna for your kindness, and big thanks especially to Marie. I thank the whole team of grad students for their friendliness. And again, thank you Todd for everything – I think it is only fair that you appear twice in these acknowledgments. Je remercie l'Université de Savoie d'avoir généreusement financé les deux protocoles IRMf présentés dans ce manuscrit ainsi que l'expérience 6 réalisée en collaboration avec le CCP lab. Je remercie également le LPNC d'avoir apporté sa contribution financière sans sourciller à chaque fois que je l'ai sollicité. Une partie significative des travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit ont été rendus possibles grâce à ce soutien financier. Merci à ceux qui ont apporté une contribution invisible mais indispensable en allumant la mèche de ce travail de thèse. Un grand merci à Bernadette Naëgelé pour ton encadrement, ta gentillesse et ton intérêt toujours renouvelé dans la mémoire de travail et le fonctionnement exécutif. Il y a six ans, je voulais « faire une thèse réussie, comme Virginie ». On dirait bien que ton horrible virus de la recherche se répand... Merci de m'avoir entraîné dans ce pétrin. Merci également à Thierry d'avoir proposé un stage de recherche aux petits étudiants en licence que nous étions alors. Je remercie les enseignants-chercheurs du département de psychologie de l'Université de Savoie qui nous ont accueillis en tant que collègues et ont toujours eu un mot ou un geste d'encouragement pour les doctorants. Merci à mes collègues du bureau 603, Lucie, Vera, Morgane, Isa, Mathieu et Fanny, pour votre soutien, pour les indispensables pauses-café, pour avoir servi de cobayes lors du crash- test d'une quantité significative de protocoles expérimentaux, et surtout pour votre présence. Je remercie mes amis d'avoir prêté une oreille compatissante à mes jérémiades pendant toutes ces années, et plus particulièrement l'équipe des psychokillers – Alban et Arnaud le chat, - iii - Camille et Arnaud, Lucie et Seb –, ainsi que Cri, Christelle et Nico. Vous avez tous gagné un doctorat honoris causa ès patience. Je remercie ma famille, en particulier mes grands-parents, Flora, Hubert, Denis et Lalette, d'avoir toujours été là pour moi. Un énorme merci à mes parents, Nadège et Yvon. Vous avez toujours été un peu perplexes devant mes choix de carrière (qui pourrait vous blâmer ?), et pourtant vous avez su toujours me soutenir inconditionnellement. Je savoure aujourd'hui toute la valeur de ce soutien. Enfin, ce travail de thèse doit tout à mon irremplaçable moitié, Noémylle. Je pourrais écrire une thèse sur les raisons que j'ai de te remercier1, mais tu le sais déjà mieux que personne : sans toi, ce manuscrit ne serait qu'une page blanche. 1 Non, sans rire, je pourrais. Ça donnerait quelque chose comme ça : Chapitre 1 : merci d'avoir fait passer la moitié des participants pour les deux protocoles IRMf et pour le protocole EEG. Chapitre 2 : merci d'avoir fait passer plusieurs autres expériences, qu'elles soient incluses dans cette thèse ou pas. Chapitre 3 : merci d'avoir pré-testé chacune de mes expériences. Chapitre 4 : merci d'avoir contribué à la création du matériel et des protocoles expérimentaux et d'avoir prêté ta voix mélodieuse à mes stimuli auditifs. Chapitre 5 : merci d'avoir réfléchi avec moi à la théorie et aux hypothèses pour chaque expérience que j'ai lancée. Chapitre 6 : merci d'avoir couru de droite et de gauche pour régler mes problèmes quand j'étais débordé par ma propre thèse. Chapitre 7 : merci de m'avoir aidé à tous les niveaux de mon activité d'enseignement. Chapitre 8 : merci d'avoir eu l'idée de travailler sur le contrôle attentionnel en lien avec la mémoire de travail, parce que bon, c'était quand même ton idée. Chapitre 9 : merci de m'avoir poussé à faire une thèse, parce que ça aussi c'était ton idée. Chapitre 10 : merci de m'avoir permis d'arriver au bout de mon master.
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