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AY19 Strategic Deterrence Research Papers (Vol II)
FutureNon-U.S. Warfare Deterrence Series No. 10203040 DefendingAvoidingTheTheStrategies “WorriedAnthrax thePanic :American WhatVaccine Well”and KeepingMust Response Debate: Homeland the the A MedicalUnitedPorts Open Statesto Review CBRN1993-2003 in Be a Events:for ChemicalPrepared Commanders andFor? BiologicalAY19Analysis Strategic Threat and Solu�onsDeterrenceEnvironment ResearchA Literature Papers Review (Vol II) TanjaLieutenantRandallMajor M. Korpi J.Richard ColonelLarsen and A.Christopherand Fred Hersack, Patrick P. Stone, USAF D.Hemmer EllisUSAF Edited by: Dr. Paige P. Cone Dr. James Platte Dr. R. Lewis Steinhoff United States Air Force Center for Strategic Deterrence Studies 30204010 Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama Non-U.S. Deterrence Strategies: What Must the United States Be Prepared For? AY19 Strategic Deterrence Research Papers (Vol II) Edited by Dr. Paige P. Cone Dr. James E. Platte Dr. R. Lewis Steinhoff U.S. Air Force Center for Strategic Deterrence Studies 125 Chennault Circle Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama 36112 October 2019 Table of Contents Chapter Page Disclaimer.…………………………………….………….….……….………...ii Preface…………………………………………………….….…………………iii Chapter 1. Introduction ……………………………………….……….………1 Chapter 2. Pakistan’s Low-Yield in the Field: Diligent Deterrence or De-escalation Debacle Mr. Daniel Hooey, DIA/USCENTCOM.………………………………….……5 Chapter 3. Entanglement Risks and Nuclear Deterrence Theory Colonel Anthony Shafer, U.S. Air Force………………….……………………33 Chapter 4. Don’t Be Caught in the Dark: Examining Deterrence Options for a High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse Limited Nuclear Attack Dr. Lyndon “Kyle” McKown, U.S. Air Force………………….………………51 Chapter 5. Russian Information Warfare: Precursor to Aggression Lieutenant Commander Shawn Hughes, U.S. Navy……………….…………...69 Chapter 6. Conclusion ………….…………...……...……...……...……..……87 i Disclaimer The views expressed in this academic research paper are those of the individual authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States government, the Department of Defense, or Air University. -
Distributed Kill Chains: Drawing Insights for Mosaic Warfare from the Immune System and from the Navy
Distributed Kill Chains NATIONAL DEFENSE RESEARCH INSTITUTE C O R P O R A T I O N NICHOLAS A. O’DONOUGHUE, SAMANTHA MCBIRNEY, n Mosaic warfare, individual warfighting platforms are assembled—like BRIAN PERSONS the ceramic tiles in mosaics—to make a larger picture or, in this case, a force package. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is developing this novel warfighting construct to acquire, field, and employ forces. To reveal the value of Mosaic warfare and uncover Distributed Kill Ipotential challenges in the transition to this system, the authors of this report present a pair of case studies: (1) an analysis of the human immune system’s response to pathogens and (2) an analysis of the U.S. Navy’s Naval Integrated Fire Control—Counter Air (NIFC-CA) project. Chains Noting that the human immune system has evolved over 500 million years to exhibit mosaiclike properties—meaning that these properties have Drawing Insights for Mosaic Warfare from the conferred some evolutionary advantage—the authors suggest that Mosaic Immune System and from the Navy warfare might have similar advantages, such as resilience and adaptability, over other approaches to defeating a threat. They then discuss lessons and best practices from the NIFC-CA project, which largely owes its success to its unique approach to development and fielding. For example, NIFC-CA used preexisting testing infrastructure; approached testing in a scientific manner, in which failure was viewed as a learning opportunity rather than a setback; and had a lengthy development timeline. From these lessons, the authors derive a cohesive set of policy recommendations for DARPA. -
Fy2010 Defense Budget
U N I T E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F D E F E N S E FISCAL YEAR 2010 BUDGET REQUEST S U M M A R Y J U S T I F I C A T I O N • M A Y 2 0 0 9 On behalf of the President, I am pleased to transmit to Congress this volume that presents the Department of Defense’s budget request of $533.8 billion for Fiscal Year 2010. The purpose of the Secretary’s Summary Justification is to inform Cong ress and provide the American people a clear understanding of how their tax dollars are being invested to provide for our Nation’s defense. It includes: • An explanation of the Department’s missions, accomplishments, and priorities; • A summary of the request by Military Department and Defense agencies; • Information on special areas of interest and emphasis for Fiscal Year 2010; and • Details on the Department’s major weapons programs. The Military Departments and Defense agencies will provide Congress with additional detailed justification materials on this request. The requested funds would: provide military pay, benefits, and world-class healthcare for 2.3 million Soldiers, Sailors, Marines, and Airmen ($163.9 billion); support military operations and force readiness ($160.9 billion); invest in modernization ($186.1 billion); and support family housing and facilities ($23.0 billion). In addition to the $533.8 billion request, the Administration requests $130.0 billion for Fiscal Year 2010 to support ongoing Overseas Contingency Operations. -
UN Peacekeeping As a Public Good: Analyses of the UN Member States' Peacekeeping Financial Contribution Behavior Hirofumi Shimizu Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1999 UN peacekeeping as a public good: analyses of the UN member states' peacekeeping financial contribution behavior Hirofumi Shimizu Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the International and Area Studies Commons, International Economics Commons, International Law Commons, International Relations Commons, Military, War, and Peace Commons, and the Peace and Conflict Studies Commons Recommended Citation Shimizu, Hirofumi, "UN peacekeeping as a public good: analyses of the UN member states' peacekeeping financial contribution behavior " (1999). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 12435. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/12435 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
Why Small Force Deployments Do Not Deter Aggression
The Scholar THE TRUTH ABOUT TRIPWIRES: WHY SMALL FORCE DEPLOYMENTS DO NOT DETER AGGRESSION Dan Reiter Paul Poast 33 The Truth About Tripwires: Why Small Force Deployments Do Not Deter Aggression A pillar of American grand strategy since 1945 has been the deployment of forces — sometimes smaller and sometimes larger — abroad. A key logic underpinning smaller deployments is that they serve as tripwires: Attacking them is assumed to inevitably trigger broader intervention, deterring aggression. We question this logic. Not only are small tripwire deployments unlikely to prevent an attacker from capturing its objective and establishing a strong defensive position, tripwire-force fatalities may be insufficient to provoke broader intervention. To deter, forward deployments must be sufficiently substantial to shift the local balance of power. Our claim is examined in three 20th- century deterrence attempts: the successful 1949 American attempt to deter a North Korean attack on South Korea; the unsuccessful 1950 American attempt to deter a North Korean attack on South Korea; and the unsuccessful 1914 British attempt to deter a German attack on Belgium. asing U.S. troops close to the front lines local balance of power, the idea is that such small of an area where war is likely to break deployments can still boost deterrence by in- out has been a cornerstone of American creasing the likelihood of American intervention. grand strategy since World War II.1 From According to this approach, the deaths of these theB demilitarized zone between North and South Ko- troops in the early stages of fighting would com- rea to the plains of West Germany during the Cold pel a larger military response because, if America’s War, U.S. -
NL ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies 2020 Deterrence in the 21St Century—Insights from Theory and Practice
NL ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies 2020 Deterrence in the 21st Century—Insights from Theory and Practice Frans Osinga Tim Sweijs Editors NL ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies Editor-in-Chief Patrick Oonincx, Breda, The Netherlands This peer-reviewed series offers an overview of cutting-edge scientific research on military sciences drawing on scholarship from researchers at the Faculty of Military Sciences (FMS) of the Netherlands Defence Academy and colleagues around the world. Research at the Faculty is military-relevant and typically multi-disciplinary in nature. It is concerned with themes including but not limited to: - The conduct of contemporary war - Military strategy - Leadership and ethics - Military law and history - Command and control in military operations - Cyber security - Operational analysis - Navigation - Combat systems With NL ARMS the Netherlands Defence Academy seeks to contribute to a growing body of international comparative research in military sciences. Editorial Office Faculty of Military Sciences Netherlands Defence Academy P.O. Box 90 002 4800 PA Breda The Netherlands More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13908 Frans Osinga • Tim Sweijs Editors NL ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies 2020 Deterrence in the 21st Century—Insights from Theory and Practice 123 Editors Frans Osinga Tim Sweijs Faculty of Military Sciences Faculty of Military Sciences Netherlands Defence Academy Netherlands Defence Academy Breda, The Netherlands Breda, The Netherlands ISSN 1387-8050 ISSN 2452-235X (electronic) NL ARMS ISBN 978-94-6265-418-1 ISBN 978-94-6265-419-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-419-8 Published by T.M.C. -
Theater Missile Defense: Issues for Congress
Order Code IB98028 CRS Issue Brief for Congress Received through the CRS Web Theater Missile Defense: Issues for Congress Updated March 19, 2001 Robert Shuey Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress CONTENTS SUMMARY MOST RECENT DEVELOPMENTS BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS Patriot PAC-3 (Patriot Advanced Capability-3, MIM-104 Patriot/ERINT) Navy Area Missile Defense Medium Extended Air Defense System (MEADS) Theater High-Altitude Air Defense (THAAD) Navy Theater Wide Defense Airborne Laser (ABL) Systems Description Regional Theater Missile Defense Options NATO TMD Cooperation The Israeli “Arrow” and Regional Defense Gulf Cooperation Council Theater Missile Defense East Asia Theater Missile Defense Issues for Congress TMD Funding Pace of Development and Schedules of Deployment Redundancy of TMD Systems ABM Treaty Implication Program Management 106th Congress Legislation IB98028 03-19-01 Theater Missile Defense: Issues for Congress SUMMARY U.S. troops deployed abroad and U.S. smaller programs. It also required that NTW allies are increasingly threatened by biological, and THAAD be funded and managed as sepa- chemical, and even nuclear weapons that could rate programs, contrary to the BMDO plan to be delivered by ballistic or cruise missiles. have them compete for funds from a single Missile production by North Korea and Iran line. has caused concern and has generated consid- erable support in Congress to develop and The Bush Administration announced it deploy missile defense systems. would request an additional $1 billion for national and theater missile defense for FY For fiscal year 2001, the President 2002. requested about $2.5 billion for Theater Mis- sile Defense (TMD), $400 million less than the THAAD successfully intercepted Hera amount approved the previous year. -
European Military Contributions to UN Peace Operations in Africa
European Military Contributions to UN Peace Operations in Africa Maximizing Strategic Impact A report by the Center on International Cooperation Global Peace Operations Richard Gowan Review December 2015 GLOBAL PEACE OPERATIONS REVIEW The Global Peace Operations Review is an interactive web-portal presenting in-depth analysis and detailed data on military peacekeeping operations and civilian-led political missions by the United Nations, regional organizations, and ad-hoc coalitions. The web-portal is a product of the New York University Center on International Cooperation (CIC) and a continuation of its long-standing print publications the Annual Review of Global Peace Operations and the Review of Political Missions. Providing the most comprehensive overview of multilateral contributions to peacekeeping, conflict prevention, and post- conflict peacebuilding, the Review aims to initiate and inform discussions on the comparative advantages and appropriateness of different missions, and through constructive analysis to further strengthen existing partnerships necessary for them to succeed. Through the Country & Regional Profile pages, the Review provides background information and regularly updated key developments on peace operations and the contexts in which they operate. The analysis is further enhanced by the provision of detailed data on each of the UN’s peace operations, and headline data on missions fielded by regional organizations and ad hoc missions, which can be accessed in full through the Data & Trends section. Data on non-UN peace operations was compiled by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). For more details, please see our Data guide. The Strategic Summary provides an overview of main developments in mission settings over the past year and presents analysis on trends and the impact these may have on shaping peace operations of the future. -
Cruise Missiles and NATO Missile Defense Under the Radar? ______
PPrroolliiffeerraattiioonn PPaappeerrss ______________________________________________________________________ Cruise Missiles and NATO Missile Defense Under the Radar? ______________________________________________________________________ In collaboration with the Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) Dennis M. Gormley Spring 2012 Security Studies Center The Institut Français des Relations Internationales (Ifri) is a research center and a forum for debate on major international political and economic issues. Headed by Thierry de Montbrial since its founding in 1979, Ifri is a non-governmental, non-profit organization. As an independent think tank, Ifri sets its own research agenda, publishing its findings regularly for a global audience. Using an interdisciplinary approach, Ifri brings together political and economic decision-makers, researchers and internationally renowned experts to animate its debate and research activities. With offices in Paris and Brussels, Ifri stands out as one of the rare French think tanks to have positioned itself at the very heart of European debate. The opinions expressed in this text are the responsibility of the author alone. Thérèse Delpech (1948 – 2012) Thérèse Delpech passed away on January 18, 2012. As Director of Strategic Affairs of the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Thérèse was instrumental in promoting and supporting several research programs on proliferation in France and abroad. But for her and her continuous support along the years, the Proliferation Papers would not exist. Ifri’s Security -
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018
1 115TH CONGRESS " ! REPORT 1st Session HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 115–200 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2018 R E P O R T OF THE COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ON H.R. 2810 together with ADDITIONAL VIEWS [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office] JULY 6, 2017.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed VerDate Sep 11 2014 10:45 Jul 07, 2017 Jkt 026108 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6012 Sfmt 6012 E:\HR\OC\HR200.XXX HR200 congress.#13 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2018 VerDate Sep 11 2014 10:45 Jul 07, 2017 Jkt 026108 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6019 Sfmt 6019 E:\HR\OC\HR200.XXX HR200 1 115TH CONGRESS " ! REPORT 1st Session HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 115–200 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2018 R E P O R T OF THE COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ON H.R. 2810 together with ADDITIONAL VIEWS [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office] JULY 6, 2017.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 26–108 WASHINGTON : 2017 VerDate Sep 11 2014 10:45 Jul 07, 2017 Jkt 026108 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4012 Sfmt 4012 E:\HR\OC\HR200.XXX HR200 congress.#13 COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS WILLIAM M. ‘‘MAC’’ THORNBERRY, Texas, Chairman WALTER B. JONES, North Carolina ADAM SMITH, Washington JOE WILSON, South Carolina ROBERT A. -
Lessons from the Enhanced Forward Presence, 2017-2020Edited By
Lessons from the Enhanced Forward Presence, 2017-2020 Edited by Alexander Lanoszka Christian Leuprecht Alexander Moens No. 14 Nov 2020 Lessons from the Enhanced Forward Presence, 2017-2020 Edited by Alexander Lanoszka, Christian Leuprecht, and Alexander Moens NDC Research Paper No.14 – November 2020 NATO DEFENSE COLLEGE NATO Defense College Cataloguing in Publication-Data: “Lessons from the Enhanced Forward Presence, 2017-2020” (NATO Defense College “NDC Research Papers Series”) NDC Research Paper 14 Edited by Alexander Lanoszka, Christian Leuprecht, and Alexander Moens Series editor: Thierry Tardy ISSN: 2618-0057 ISSN (online): 2618-0251 NDC 2020 The NATO Defense College applies the Creative Common Licence “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs’ (CC-BY-NC-ND) Limited copies of this NDC Research Paper are available and may be obtained directly from NATO Defense College, Research Division Via Giorgio Pelosi, 1 - 00143 Rome, Italy Fax +39-06-50 52 57 97 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.ndc.nato.int Follow us on twitter: https://twitter.com/NDC_Research Printed and bound by http://www.lightskyconsulting.com/ The views expressed in this NDC Research Paper are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the NATO Defense College, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, or any other institution represented by the contributors. Table of contents Contributors vii List of abbreviations ix Acknowledgments xi Foreword xiii Ambassadors Kevin Rex (Canada), Theresa Bubbear (United Kingdom), and Matthias -
Conference on Oct. 15 - 16, 2019 “Russia Policy Under the Next U.S
Conference on Oct. 15 - 16, 2019 “Russia Policy Under the Next U.S. President” October 15-16, 2019 In the United States, a presidential election kicks into full swing after Labor Day. With party conventions in the rearview mirror, and with the summer winding down, the candidates begin campaigning in earnest. On the stump, in interviews, and during debates, they outline their policy positions on a wide-range of issues, including national security. This year, President Trump and his challenger, former Vice-President Joe Biden, have focused on the challenges posed by the pandemic, the struggling economy, protests over police shootings and the disorder that has accompanied them. A perennial issue facing presidents is American policy towards Russia. Specifically, the next President will need to address some recent Russian moves: interference in our elections, intervention in Syria, support for Taliban attacks against U.S. forces in Afghanistan, assistance to insurgents in Ukraine, and difficult negotiations over a new START Treaty. With these challenges in mind, the Albritton Center for Grand Strategy and the Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs at the Bush School of Government and Public Service hosted a conference last fall that asked experts to advise the next U.S. president on Russia policy. The gathering provided a forum for practitioners, journalists, and scholars to outline the issues they believed will shape the future relationship between the United States and Russia. We organized the conference around three panels that addressed the following questions: • What drives Russian foreign policy? • What is the future for the U.S.-Russia security relationship? • What are the foundations of Russia’s economy? After the conference, we asked our panelists to provide a summary of their comments and the subsequent discussion.