DOCSLIB.ORG

YAGIITE, a NEW SODIUM-MAGNESIUM ANALOGUE of OSUMILITE Tnnooono E. Buncn, Ames Research Center, 1R,4S,4, Mofett Field,, Calijorni

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
YAGIITE, a NEW SODIUM-MAGNESIUM ANALOGUE of OSUMILITE Tnnooono E. Buncn, Ames Research Center, 1R,4S,4, Mofett Field,, Calijorni T}IE AMERICAN MINERALOGIST, VOL 54, JANUARY-FEBRUARY' 1969 YAGIITE, A NEW SODIUM-MAGNESIUM ANALOGUE OF OSUMILITE TnnooonoE. BuNcn,Ames Research Center, 1r,4S,4,Mofett Field,,CaliJornio 94035 AND Lours H. Fucns, Argonne National Loboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60139. Assrnacr Yagiite, a new osumilite-type sodium-magnesium-aiuminum silicate is {ound in silicate inclusions of the Colomero iron meteorite associated with aluminous titanian diopside, whitlockite, tridymite and plagioclase. The mineral is colorless, uniaxial positive, and weakly pleochroic; relractive indices are e:1.544, o:1.536. Average composition, de- termined by the electron microprobe, is SiOz61.7; ALOr 19.1; CrrOr 0.1;TiOz 0.8; FeO 2 4; MgO 10.5;MnO 0.2; CaO 01;NarO 3.7 and KzO 14, sum 100.0wt /g. X-ray data show that yagiite is isostructural with osumilite; unit cell dimensions are a:10.09+0.01 it, c:14.20+o.03 A. StrongestX-ray lines are: 3'228 OW),5.059 (65), 3.726 (50). Calculated density is 2.70 g/cm3. INrnonucrroN Yagiitel, (pronounced'ya-gc-ite), a new osumilite-typemineral with the structural formula (Na, ,o Ko.ao)(Mgz oo) (Mgo oo Feo.r+Tio.ro Alr.so) (Siro.z:Alr.zs) Oro, has been found in silicateinclusions of the Colomera iron meteorite.X-ray powder data indicate that yagiite is very similar to osumilite, and to two other osumilite-type meteorite minerals, roed- derite and merrihueite; there are only minor differencesin line spacings and intensities. The mineral was named for Dr. Kenzo Yagi, Professorof Geology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo,Japan in honor of his contributions to mineralogl' and petrology. Occurrenceand opt'icalproperties. Yagiite occurs interstitially to small equant grains of aluminous titanian diopside in a small silicate inclusion (0.8 mm in diameter)surrounded by nickel-iron;minor amountsof whit- Iockite, tridymite and plagioclaseare alsopresent. A detaileddescription of the mineralogy and mineral chemistry of the Colomerameteorite is given by Wasserburget al. (1968) and in a paper in preparation by Bunch and oihers. In reflected light yagiite has much lower reflectivity than the co-ex- isting pyroxene, approximately equal to that of plagioclase.fn trans- mitted light it showsf aint pleochroism (e: colorless,c,l: very light blue) l The name yagiite has been approved by the Commission on New Mineral Names of the International Mineralogical Association. t+ YAGIITD 15 T,tern 1. Soun PnoponrrBsol Y.q.curp,q.Nn RBleroo Osuurr,rrn-TvpB MrNlner-s Roedderite, Merrihueiteb Osumilite" Yagiite @(A) 10139+0.01 10.16+0.06 10.17 10.09+0.01 c (A) 14.275+0 01 14.32+006 t+.34 t4 29+0.O3 p, g/cc (meas.) 2.6 2.87 (calc.) 2.64 2.70(calc.) |.537 1.546(avg.) 1.536 e | 542 1.559-1.592 1.550 (avg.) 1.544 e-6 0.005 0.004 0.008 colorless greenishblue dark blue colorless (pleochroic) (pleochroic) 'Fuchs, et aJ. (1966). b Dodd, et al,. (1965). " Miyashiro (1956). and is uniaxial positive. Refractive indices are €:1.544*0.002 and o:1.536*0.002. Optical and physicalproperties of yagiite are compared with those of other osumilite-typeminerals in Table 1. X-ray data. An X-ray powder pattern of yagiite was obtained using a Norelco powder camera,diameter of 11.45cm with Ni-filtered CuKa1,a2 radiation.The pattern wasindexed on a hexagonalunit cell with a:10.09 +0.01 A and r:14.29+0.03 A. CalculatedX-ray density(Z:2) is2.70 g/cmt. X-ray data for yagiite are compared with those for osumilite, roedderite and merrihueite in Table 2. Yagiite is isostructural with other osumilite-type minerals as indicated by the simifar X-ray powder pat- terns and unit cell parameters.Differences in line spacingsand intensities for yagiite compared to osumilite and roedderite'areminor, but show more marked variations compared to merrihueite. Chemistry.Analyses were carried out with an ARL-EMX electron micro- probe usingwet-chemically analyzed mineral standardssimilar in compo- sition to yagiite. Correctionswere madefor drift, deadtime,background, mass absorption and fluorescence.No atomic number correctionswere made becauseof standard-samplesimilarity. To minimize volatilization of alkalis during analysesa lolv sample current (0.02 microampere), short counting time (10 seconds)and an acceleratingvoltage of 15 kV were used.Sample grains of the type osumilite (Sakkabira,Japan) were ana- lyzed simultaneouslywith yagiite for comparativepurposes. Results of these analysesalong with published electron microprobe analysesof roedderite and merrihueite are listed in Table 3. It is apparent that yagiite is most similar in composition to osumilite THEODORE D, BUNCH AND LOUIS II . FUCITS T,s.sr,r2. X-R.qv Pownnn Drpl rcrroN Dnre Merrihueite Roedderite Osumilite Yagiite Mezo-Mad,a,ras Indarch Sakkabira, Japan Col,omera r d(L) r d(L) r d(A) d(L) 1010 10 8.827 30 8.827 5 873 0002 80 7.13 50 7.126 70 7.126 30 7.r2 l0t2 10 5.50 10 5.532 60 5.532 15 5.529 lt20 30 5.03 80 5.062 70 5.091 65 5.059 2020 5 4.40 90 4.383 60 4 392 15 4.368 ll22 10 4.13 80 +.t29 80 4.129 20 4.127 2022 100 3.73 90 3.729 80 3.745 50 3.726 0004 5 3.60 80 3.567 60 s.567 25 3.565 1230,10T41 30 3.295 60 3.300 l5 3.299 l23r 90 323 100 3.229 t00 3.225 t00 3.228 r2B2 10 3.01 10 3.006 40 3.006 20 2.990 1124 10 2.940 303-0 60 2.92 90 2.916 90 2.916 40 2.909 2024 loo 2.774 90 2.761 90 2.770 50 2.765 lz6J 30 2.7r7 30 2.721 t0 2.716 2240 60 2.531 40 2 536 15 2.523 2t34,t3401 l0 2.432 20 2.432 5 2.428 1341 10 2 393 40 2.388 5 2.390 1343,1126l 40 2.168 30 2.168 10 2.159 2026,4ti42]l 30 2 099 t0 2.096 5 2.090 10 2.067 10 2.069 1s44,23501 50 2.0r2 50 2.Ot4 30 2.003 4151 40 t.897 10 1.918 10 1.890 2353,1345\ 40 r.852 50 1.853 25 1.846 3086,4r82J in that it has aluminum as a major component,whereas merrihueite and roedderite are low in aluminum. Yagiite contains more MgO and Na2O, and lessAIzOs, FeO and K2O than osumilite.It shouldbe pointed out that the original wet-chemicalanalysis reported by Miyashiro (1956)is prob- ably in error owing to contaminationby cordieriteor other mineralsthat coexist with osumilite. Electron microprobe analyses of the two other known osumilite occurrences(Obsidian Cliffs, Oregon and Monte Arci, Sardinia) (Bunch and Olsen,in preparation) are very similar to our micro- probe analysis of Sakkabira osumilite and indicate a narrow composition- al range.Osumilite in thesethree known occurrenceshas crystallizedin cavitiesof rhyolitesin associationwith eitherfayalite or ferrohypersthene and at least one iron oxide (hematite or magnetite).fn contrast, yagiite has crystallized in a magnesium-rich environment with aluminous titani- YAGIITE 17 T,tsr-r 3. Er,nctnoN Mrcnopnosn ANelvsrs ol Osulrrr,nr-Tvpr MrNnnels Yagiite Osumilite Roedderite" Merrihueiteb Colomera Sakkabira,Japan Ind,arch Mezo-Mad.aras SiOr 61.7 61.6 71.0 61.8 Al2os t9 l 21.4 0.4 0.2 CrzO: 01 <0.02 TiOz 0.8 0.1 ')i I'eO 2.4 8.6 zJ.l MnO 0.2 08 Mso 10.5 J. ' 19.5 4.4 CaO 0.1 0.1 0.3 Naro J. ' 1.0 4.0 2.0 KzO t.4 2.9 3.3 3.8 Total 100.0 r00.2 100.2 96.7 Structural Formulas for Osumilite-Tvoe Minerals Coordination XII VI Iv IV Basic Formula" (Alk or Me) Mez Mes (si,ADu Oao Osumilite Sakkabira (K, Na, Ca)o rs (Fe, Mg), oo (Mg, Al, Mn), e5 (Si, Al)1, Oso Yagiite Colomero (Na, K)r -11 Mgr oo (Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)r oo (Si, Al)12 Oao Roedderite' Indarch (Na, K)r nn Mgz oo (Mg, Fe)3 tr Sit, Oro Merrihueiteb Mezo-Madaros (K, Na)1 zz Fe2 6s (Fe. Mg)a zo Sirs Oro " Fuchs, et al (1966). b Dodd, et al. (1965). " Schreyer and Schairer (1962). an diopside. These environmental differencesare reflected in the relative amounts of MgO and FeO in yagiite and osumilite. Similarly, roedderite, the sodium magnesium analogue of merrihueite, coexists with the mag- nesium-rich minerals enstatite and clinoenstatite (Fuchs et al., 1966), while merrihueite is associatedwith a more iron-rich mineral, "fayalitic olivine" (Dodd et al.1965). On the basis of thirty oxygensper unit cell the analysesin Table 3 can be recast into structural formulas that clearly show the complex solid solution that is possiblefor osumilite-type minerals. At least two substi- tutional pairs (K-Na; Fe-Mg) are possiblefor these minerals, and a com- plete solution series probably exists between the aluminum-poor mem- bers, merrihueite and roedderite, by mutual substitutions of K and Na, 18 THEODOITE ].:, BUNCH AND LOLTIS TI. FUCHS and Fe and Mg, and from both minerals to the aluminum-rich member osumilite. The basic formula (Table 3) shows that the l2-coordinated positions are occupied by alkalis, but alkalis are not necessarilyessential in forming the structure,as Schreyerand Schairer(1962) have suggested. A further complication is indicated by the possibility that vacancy sites exist in the 12-coordinatedpositions. The formula should contain 2.Oal- kali atoms; osumilite,however, contains only one, yagiite 1.5 and merri- hueite 1.7.In addition, Olsen(1967) has shown that roedderitecan have as many as 0.5 alkali atoms in excessof the empirical formula, and that theseare probably "stuffed" into the structure.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Brannockite, a New Tin Mineral by John S
    Fig. 1. Cluster of brannockite crystals photographed while fluorescing under short- wave ultraviolet light. Photograph by Julius Weber. Brannockite, A New Tin Mineral by John S. White, Jr., Joel E. Arem, and Joseph A. Nelen (Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.), Peter B. Leavens (University of Delaware, Newark) and Richard W. Thomssen (Tucson, Arizona) INTRODUCTION brannockite is the only tin and lithium bearing member In 1968 one of the authors (JSW) was informed of the of the group and also the only one found in a pegmatite. existence of a fluorescent mineral from the Foote Mineral Osumilite occurs in volcanic rocks; roedderite, merrihueite Company's spodumene mine at Kings Mountain, Cleveland and yagiite all are limited in occurrence to meteorites. County, North Carolina. The informant was Mr. Carter Milarite, a hydrous potassium, calcium and beryllium Hudgins of Marion, North Carolina, who collected and aluminosilicate is considered a structural analog, however donated to the National Museum of Natural History an its anomalous optics (biaxial") casts doubt upon its true extremely fine specimen. structural nature. An x-ray powder diffraction pattern was immediately brannockite taken. The pattern bears a strong resemblance to that of (K,Na)LiaSn2lSi120aol osumilite in terms of line positions, but intensities show merrihueite substantial differences. The habit - very thin, transparent (K,NabFe2(Fe,Mg)alSi120aO] hexagonal plates - extended the analogy. The early evi- osumilite dence appeared to suggest that the mineral is a structural (K,Na,Ca)(Fe,Mg)2(Al,Fe',Fe"')alAI2SiloOaoleH20 analog of osumilite, and ensuing studies proved this to be roedderite the case. (Na,K)2Mg2(Mg,Fe)alSi120ao] Brannockite is the lithium-tin analog of osumilite, with yagiite the formula KLiaSn2Si120ao.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Processing
    Mineral Processing Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy 1st English edition JAN DRZYMALA, C. Eng., Ph.D., D.Sc. Member of the Polish Mineral Processing Society Wroclaw University of Technology 2007 Translation: J. Drzymala, A. Swatek Reviewer: A. Luszczkiewicz Published as supplied by the author ©Copyright by Jan Drzymala, Wroclaw 2007 Computer typesetting: Danuta Szyszka Cover design: Danuta Szyszka Cover photo: Sebastian Bożek Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27 50-370 Wroclaw Any part of this publication can be used in any form by any means provided that the usage is acknowledged by the citation: Drzymala, J., Mineral Processing, Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy, Oficyna Wydawnicza PWr., 2007, www.ig.pwr.wroc.pl/minproc ISBN 978-83-7493-362-9 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................9 Part I Introduction to mineral processing .....................................................................13 1. From the Big Bang to mineral processing................................................................14 1.1. The formation of matter ...................................................................................14 1.2. Elementary particles.........................................................................................16 1.3. Molecules .........................................................................................................18 1.4. Solids................................................................................................................19
    [Show full text]
  • Journal Crystallization of 60Sio2–20Mgo–10Al2o3–10Bao Glass Ceramics
    J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 88 [8] 2249–2254 (2005) DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00337.x Journal Crystallization of 60SiO2–20MgO–10Al2O3–10BaO Glass Ceramics E. Manor Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jerusalem College of Engineering, Jerusalem, Israel R. Z. Shneckw Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel Three distinctly different microstructures of silica (as quartz and of glass ceramics, that of uniformly dispersed small crystals, crystobalite), alumina, enstatite, and celsian, were found to de- is obtained by the intentional introduction of nucleating 1,2,4,12,13 velop in a 60SiO2–20MgO–10Al2O3–10BaO glass ceramic. At agents, or by choosing compositions prone to liquid- 10101C, growth of wormy fibrillar crystals was observed, indi- phase separation at certain temperatures. The small dispersed cating that crystal growth was diffusion controlled. At the droplets of the second liquid phase enhance the nucleation of intermediate temperature of 10801C, a coarse cellular micro- crystals of similar composition.3,14 Otherwise, a great variety of structure developed with multiple spherical particles nucleated morphologies are observed. Diffusion-controlled growth is en- on their surfaces and in the surrounding glass. At 12001C, the countered when the crystallization takes place at low tempera- glass crystallizes in a denderitic morphology but the dendrites tures. In these cases, fine fibrillar crystals typically grow in were actually fragmented into multiple cube-shaped enstatite spherulitic,15 rosette4 or cellular5 morphologies. At higher tem- crystals, indicating a transition to interface-controlled growth. peratures, growth becomes interface controlled. A high rate of The crystals coarsen with time but maintain their order along growth takes place parallel to preferred crystal planes, forming the dendrite skeletons.
    [Show full text]
  • New Data Оn Minerals
    RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES FERSMAN MINERALOGICAL MUSEUM VOLUME 48 New Data оn Minerals FOUNDED IN 1907 MOSCOW 2013 ISSN 5-900395-62-6 New Data on Minerals. 2013. Volume 48. 162 pages, 128 photos, drawings and schemes. Publication of Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman Mineralogical Museum RAS. This volume contains description of laptevite-(Ce), a new vicanite group mineral found in the Darai-Pioz alkaline massif, rare minerals of the baratovite-katayamalite solid solution from the Khodzha-Achkan alkaline massif in Kirgizia, listvenite-like phlogopite-magnesite gumbeites of the Berezovsky gold deposit in the Urals, polycrys- talline diamond aggregates from the Lomonosov deposit in the Arkhangelsk diamond province, and gypsum seg- regations from the bottom of the Okhotsk and Japan Seas. The results of fine investigation of trace elements in the crystal structure of molybdenite and experimental modeling of Pt and Pd sulfide crystallization during cooling in the central part of the Cu-Fe-S system are given. Separate section is devoted to 150th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Vernadsky. It contains papers about geo- chemical mineralogy of V.I. Vernadsky, his activity in nuclear power, and mineralogical taxonomies suggested by V.I. Vernadsky, J.D. Dana, A.G. Betekhtin, I.N. Kostov, G.P. Barsanov, and A.A. Godovikov. In the section Mineralogical Museums and Collections, the first information on products of Chinese stone-cut art in the collection of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, brief historical review of the collection of diamond crystals of the same museum, and detail information on the new acquisitions in the muse- um in 2011–2012 are given.
    [Show full text]
  • POUDRETTEITE, Knarb3si12o3e, a NEW MEMBER of the OSUMILITE GROUP from MONT SAINT-HILAIRE, OUEBEC, and ITS CRVSTAL STRUCTURE Assr
    Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 25, pp.763-166(1987) POUDRETTEITE,KNarB3Si12O3e, A NEW MEMBEROF THE OSUMILITEGROUP FROM MONT SAINT-HILAIRE,OUEBEC, AND ITS CRVSTALSTRUCTURE JOEL D. GRICE, T. SCOTT ERCIT AND JERRY VAN VELTHUIZEN Mineral SciencesDivision, National Museumof Natural Sciences,Ottawa, Ontario KIA 0M8 PETE J. DUNN Departmentof Mineral Sciences,Smithsonian Institution, Washington,D.C, 20560,U,S.A. Assrnact positionC d coordinanceXII, le sodium,la position,4d unecoordinance VI, le bore,la position72 ir coordinance Poudretteiteis a newmineral species from the Poudrette IV, le silicium,la position71 i coordinanceIV, etla posi- quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire,Quebec. It occursin a marble tion B estvacante. xenolith includedin nephelinesyenite, associated with pec- tolite, apophyllite, quartz and minor aegirine.It forms clear, Mots-clds: poudrettdite, nouvelle espbce min6rale, groupe colorlessto very pale pink, equidimensional,subhedral del'osumilite, mont Saint-Hilaire, borosilicate, affi ne. prismsup to 5 mm. It is brittle, H about 5, with a splin- mentde Ia structure. tery fracture;Dmetr. 2.51(l) g/cml, D"6".2.53 g/cm3. Uniaxialpositive, co 1.516(l), e 1.532(l).It is-hexagonal, spacegroup P6/ mcc, a I 0.239(l), c 13.485(3)A and,Z : 2. INTRoDUcTIoN The strongestten X-ray-diffractionlines in the powderpat- tern [d in A(r\(hkDl are: 6.74(30)(002),5.13 (100)(110), The optical and physical propertiesof members 4.07(30)(r 12), 3.70(30)(202), 3.3 6e(30)(004), 3.253 ( I 00) of the osumilite group are similar to those of com- (2r r), 2.9s6(40)(3 00), 2.8 I 5(60)(I I 4), 2.686(50)(213,204) mon mineralssuch as quartz and cordierite;for this and 2.013(30)(321).An analysisby electron microprobe reason, they are probably generally overlooked.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Abbreviations
    List of Abbreviations Ab albite Cbz chabazite Fa fayalite Acm acmite Cc chalcocite Fac ferroactinolite Act actinolite Ccl chrysocolla Fcp ferrocarpholite Adr andradite Ccn cancrinite Fed ferroedenite Agt aegirine-augite Ccp chalcopyrite Flt fluorite Ak akermanite Cel celadonite Fo forsterite Alm almandine Cen clinoenstatite Fpa ferropargasite Aln allanite Cfs clinoferrosilite Fs ferrosilite ( ortho) Als aluminosilicate Chl chlorite Fst fassite Am amphibole Chn chondrodite Fts ferrotscher- An anorthite Chr chromite makite And andalusite Chu clinohumite Gbs gibbsite Anh anhydrite Cld chloritoid Ged gedrite Ank ankerite Cls celestite Gh gehlenite Anl analcite Cp carpholite Gln glaucophane Ann annite Cpx Ca clinopyroxene Glt glauconite Ant anatase Crd cordierite Gn galena Ap apatite ern carnegieite Gp gypsum Apo apophyllite Crn corundum Gr graphite Apy arsenopyrite Crs cristroballite Grs grossular Arf arfvedsonite Cs coesite Grt garnet Arg aragonite Cst cassiterite Gru grunerite Atg antigorite Ctl chrysotile Gt goethite Ath anthophyllite Cum cummingtonite Hbl hornblende Aug augite Cv covellite He hercynite Ax axinite Czo clinozoisite Hd hedenbergite Bhm boehmite Dg diginite Hem hematite Bn bornite Di diopside Hl halite Brc brucite Dia diamond Hs hastingsite Brk brookite Dol dolomite Hu humite Brl beryl Drv dravite Hul heulandite Brt barite Dsp diaspore Hyn haiiyne Bst bustamite Eck eckermannite Ill illite Bt biotite Ed edenite Ilm ilmenite Cal calcite Elb elbaite Jd jadeite Cam Ca clinoamphi- En enstatite ( ortho) Jh johannsenite bole Ep epidote
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Talc in Mixtures with Fly Ash on Sintering Crystalline Phases and Porosity of Mullite-Cordierite Ceramics
    minerals Article Effect of Talc in Mixtures with Fly Ash on Sintering Crystalline Phases and Porosity of Mullite-Cordierite Ceramics Marta Valášková 1,* , Veronika Blah ˚ušková 1, Alexandr Martaus 1, So ˇnaŠtudentová 2, Silvie Vallová 1,2 and Jonáš Tokarský 1,3 1 Institute of Environmental Technology, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; [email protected] (V.B.); [email protected] (A.M.); [email protected] (S.V.); [email protected] (J.T.) 2 Department of Chemistry, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic; [email protected] 3 Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +420-597-327-308 Abstract: The effect of talc in the two mixtures with the representative sample of fly ash (Class F) was investigated at sintering temperatures of 1000, 1100, and 1200 ◦C. X-ray diffraction, thermal DTA/TGA, and mercury intrusion porosimetry analyses were applied to characterize the mineral phase transformation of talc and fly ash in cordierite ceramic. The influence of iron oxide on talc transformation to Fe-enstatite was verified by the simulated molecular models and calculated XRD patterns and the assumption of Fe-cordierite crystallization was confirmed. The fly ash mixtures ◦ ◦ with 10 mass% of talc in comparison with 30 mass% of talc at 1000 C and 1100 C showed higher linear shrinkage and lower porosity. At a temperature of 1200 ◦C, sintering expansion and larger Citation: Valášková, M.; Blah ˚ušková, pores in mullite and cordierite ceramics also containing sapphirine and osumilite demonstrated V.; Martaus, A.; Študentová, S.; that magnesium in FA and Tc structure did not react with the other constituents to form crystalline Vallová, S.; Tokarský, J.
    [Show full text]
  • Silicate-Bearing Iron Meteorites and Their Implications for the Evolution Of
    Chemie der Erde 74 (2014) 3–48 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Chemie der Erde j ournal homepage: www.elsevier.de/chemer Invited Review Silicate-bearing iron meteorites and their implications for the evolution of asteroidal parent bodies ∗ Alex Ruzicka Cascadia Meteorite Laboratory, Portland State University, 17 Cramer Hall, 1721 SW Broadway, Portland, OR 97207-0751, United States a r t a b i c s t l r e i n f o a c t Article history: Silicate-bearing iron meteorites differ from other iron meteorites in containing variable amounts of sili- Received 17 July 2013 cates, ranging from minor to stony-iron proportions (∼50%). These irons provide important constraints Accepted 15 October 2013 on the evolution of planetesimals and asteroids, especially with regard to the nature of metal–silicate Editorial handling - Prof. Dr. K. Heide separation and mixing. I present a review and synthesis of available data, including a compilation and interpretation of host metal trace-element compositions, oxygen-isotope compositions, textures, miner- Keywords: alogy, phase chemistries, and bulk compositions of silicate portions, ages of silicate and metal portions, Asteroid differentiation and thermal histories. Case studies for the petrogeneses of igneous silicate lithologies from different Iron meteorites groups are provided. Silicate-bearing irons were formed on multiple parent bodies under different con- Silicate inclusions Collisions ditions. The IAB/IIICD irons have silicates that are mainly chondritic in composition, but include some igneous lithologies, and were derived from a volatile-rich asteroid that underwent small amounts of silicate partial melting but larger amounts of metallic melting. A large proportion of IIE irons contain fractionated alkali-silica-rich inclusions formed as partial melts of chondrite, although other IIE irons have silicates of chondritic composition.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Silicate Mineral with 14Er Single Chain
    Zeitschrift fUr Kristallographie 200, 115 -126 (1992) by R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Miinchen 1992 - 0044-2968/92 $ 3.00 + 0.00 Liebauite, Ca3CusSi9026: A new silicate mineral with 14er single chain M. H. Z611er*, E. Tillmanns** Mineralogisches Inslilul dcr Universitiit, D-8700 Wiirzburg, Federal Republic of Germany and G. Hentschel Plilznerslr. 5, D-6200 Wiesbaden, Federal Republic of Germany Dedicated to Prof Dr. F. Liebau on the occasion olhis 65th birthday Rcccived: June 19, 1991 Liebauite / New mineral/Calcium copper silicate / 14er single chain Abstract. The new calcium copper silicate liebauite has been found in cavities of a mudstone xenolith from the Sattelberg scoria cone near Kruft in the Eifel district, Germany. It occurs as bluish-green transparent crystals with a vitreous lustre and a Mohs hardness between 5 and 6. The analytical formula for liebauite based on 26 oxygen atoms is Ca2.99Cu4.91 Sig.os026' the idealized formula is Ca3CusSig026, and the structural formula Ca6Cul0{1B, 1~W4Si180d. The mineral is monoclinic, space group C2/c with a=10.160(1), h=1O.001(1), c=19.973(2)A, f)=91.56(1)'" v= 2028.7 A3 and Z = 4. The strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are [d(A),!, hkfj 7.13(60) (110), 6.70(70) (111,111),3.58(40) (220), 3.12(90) (131, 131),3.00(100) (116, 312), 2.45(60) (226), 2.41(70) (226), 1.78(50) (440). Liebauite is biaxial positive with rx= 1.722, /3= 1.723, and y = 1.734 (Ie= 589 nm). Determination and refinement of the crystal struc- ture led to a conventional R value of 0.046 for 818 observed reflections Present address: Universitiit Bremen, Fachbereich Geowissenschaflen, Postfach * 330440, D-2800 Bremcn 33, Fedcral Republic of Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Compiled Thesis
    SPACE ROCKS: a series of papers on METEORITES AND ASTEROIDS by Nina Louise Hooper A thesis submitted to the Department of Astronomy in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Bachelor’s Degree with Honors Harvard College 8 April 2016 Of all investments into the future, the conquest of space demands the greatest efforts and the longest-term commitment, but it also offers the greatest reward: none less than a universe. — Daniel Christlein !ii Acknowledgements I finished this senior thesis aided by the profound effort and commitment of my thesis advisor, Martin Elvis. I am extremely grateful for him countless hours of discussions and detailed feedback on all stages of this research. I am also grateful for the remarkable people at Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics of whom I asked many questions and who took the time to help me. Special thanks go to Warren Brown for his guidance with spectral reduction processes in IRAF, Francesca DeMeo for her assistance in the spectral classification of our Near Earth Asteroids and Samurdha Jayasinghe and for helping me write my data analysis script in python. I thank Dan Holmqvist for being an incredibly helpful and supportive presence throughout this project. I thank David Charbonneau, Alicia Soderberg and the members of my senior thesis class of astrophysics concentrators for their support, guidance and feedback throughout the past year. This research was funded in part by the Harvard Undergraduate Science Research Program. !iii Abstract The subject of this work is the compositions of asteroids and meteorites. Studies of the composition of small Solar System bodies are fundamental to theories of planet formation.
    [Show full text]
  • Chance and Necessity in the Mineral Diversity of Terrestrial Planets
    295 The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 53, pp. 295-324 (2015) DOI: 10.3749/canmin.1400086 MINERAL ECOLOGY: CHANCE AND NECESSITY IN THE MINERAL DIVERSITY OF TERRESTRIAL PLANETS § ROBERT M. HAZEN Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015, U.S.A. EDWARD S. GREW School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, U.S.A. ROBERT T. DOWNS AND JOSHUA GOLDEN Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, 1040 E. 4th Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0077, U.S.A. GRETHE HYSTAD Department of Mathematics, University of Arizona, 617 N. Santa Rita Ave., Tucson, Arizona 85721-0089, U.S.A. ABSTRACT Four factors contribute to the roles played by chance and necessity in determining mineral distribution and diversity at or near the surfaces of terrestrial planets: (1) crystal chemical characteristics; (2) mineral stability ranges; (3) the probability of occurrence for rare minerals; and (4) stellar and planetary stoichiometries in extrasolar systems. The most abundant elements generally have the largest numbers of mineral species, as modeled by relationships for Earth’s upper continental crust (E) and the Moon (M), respectively: 2 LogðNEÞ¼0:22 LogðCEÞþ1:70 ðR ¼ 0:34Þð4861 minerals; 72 elementsÞ 2 LogðNMÞ¼0:19 LogðCMÞþ0:23 ðR ¼ 0:68Þð63 minerals; 24 elementsÞ; where C is an element’s abundance in ppm and N is the number of mineral species in which that element is essential. Several elements that plot significantly below the trend for Earth’s upper continental crust (e.g., Ga, Hf, and Rb) mimic other more abundant elements and thus are less likely to form their own species.
    [Show full text]
  • New Mineral Names*,†
    American Mineralogist, Volume 98, pages 2201–2204, 2013 New Mineral Names*,† DMITRIY BELAKOVSKIY Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia IN THIS ISSUE This New Mineral Names has entries for five new minerals, including christofschäferite-(Ce), kasatkinite, osumilite-(Mg), steklite, and vigrishinite. These new minerals have been published in Zapiski Rossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society) and in Novye dannye o mineralakh (New data on minerals). CHRISTOFSCHÄFERITE‑(CE)* chemical analyses (WDS, valency of Mn by XANES data, N.V. Chukanov, S.M. Aksenov, R.K. Rastsvetaeva, D.I. Bela- wt%) is: CaO 2.61 (2.24–2.98), La2O3 19.60 (19.20–19.83), kovskiy, J. Göttlicher, S.N. Britvin, and S. Möckel (2012) Ce2O3 22.95 (22.84–23.06), Pr2O3 0.56 (0.43–0.68), Nd2O3 2.28 2+ 3+ 3+ (2.01–2.50), MgO 0.08 (0–0.20), MnO 4.39 (4.27–4.51), total Christofschäferite-(Ce), (Ce,La,Ca)4Mn (Ti,Fe )3(Fe , 2+ Fe as FeO 6.98 (6.74–7.26) (apportioned in the proportions Fe ,Ti) (Si2O7)2O8, a new chevkinite-group mineral from 2+ 3+ the Eifel area, Germany. Novye dannye o mineralakh, 47, Fe :Fe = 3:2, by structural data: FeO 4.18, Fe2O3 3.11), Al2O3 33–42 (in English). 0.08 (0–0.19), TiO2 19.02 (18.64–19.39), Nb2O5 0.96 (0.83–1.11), SiO2 19.38 (19.16–19.52), total 99.20. The empirical formula 2+ 2+ A new mineral, christofschäferite-(Ce), was discovered at based on 22 O is (Ce1.72La1.48Nd0.17Pr0.04Ca0.57)Σ3.98Mn 0.76Fe 0.72 3+ the famous outcrop Wingertsbergwand (Wingertsberg Mt.) Mg0.02Ti2.935Fe 0.48Al0.02Nb0.09Si3.98O22.
    [Show full text]