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Unterartgliederung Und Verbreitung Des Blaunackenmausvogels Urocolius Macrourus (Coliiformes, Aves)

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Unterartgliederung Und Verbreitung Des Blaunackenmausvogels Urocolius Macrourus (Coliiformes, Aves) ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien Jahr/Year: 1975 Band/Volume: 79 Autor(en)/Author(s): Schifter Herbert Artikel/Article: Unterartgliederung und Verbreitung des Blaunackenmausvogels Urocolius macrourus (Coliiformes, Aves). 109-182 ©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Ann. Naturhistor. Mus. Wien 79 109-182 Wien, Dezember 1975 Unterartgliederung und Verbreitung des Blaunackenmausvogels Urocolius macrourus (Coliiformes, Aves) Von HERBEBT SCHIFTE» X) (Mit 4 Karten) Manuskript eingelangt am 10. April 1975 Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen der kritischen Durchsicht von Sammlungsmaterial und der Literatur sowie von Freilandstudien am Blaunackenmausvogel, Urocolius macrounis (L.) hat sich herausgestellt, daß mehr Unterarten zu unterscheiden sind, als bisher angenommen worden ist ; es werden deshalb zwei weitere Unterarten aus Abessinien bzw. Tanzania neu beschrieben. Die Überprüfung und Zusammenstellung aller Fundorte ergibt ein Bild der Verbreitung der Art, das von den bisher publizierten Verbreitungskarten etwas abweicht. Weiters werden alle verfügbaren Daten über die Fortpflanzung gesammelt und im Zusammenhang mit den klimatischen Bedingungen diskutiert. Die zweite in der Gattung Urocolius zu unterscheidende Art. U. indiens ist weiterhin als eigene Art zu betrachten. Summary During a critical review of museum material, literature and field studies of the Blue-naped Mousebird, Urocolius macrourus (L.) it has been found out that there are more subspecies than usually accepted; therefore two more subspecies from Abyssinia and Tanzania are described as new. An examination and review of all known localities shows that the distribution differs in some way from the distribution maps commonly published for this species. Also all available breeding data have been collected and are discussed in connection with the climatic conditions of the various areas. The second species of Urocolius (U. indiens) is regarded as a good species. Der Blaunackenmausvogel Urocolius macrourus (LINNÉ, 1766) ist eine von den nur 6 Arten der Ordnung Coliiformes (WETMORE, 1930) bzw. Colii (STRESEMANN, 1958) mit der einzigen Familie Coliidae und ist die Typusart der zweiten, neben Colius BRISSON 1760 zu unterscheidenden Gattung Uroco- lius BONAPARTE 1854. Obwohl Urocolius von manchen Autoren (z. B. von WHITE, 1965) nicht anerkannt oder nur als Untergattung (PETERS, 1945) betrachtet wird, ist die Abtrennung von der nominellen Gattung Colius wohl auf Grund von Merkmalen des Federkleides (OBERHOLSER, 1905), wegen x) Anschrift des Verfassers: Dr. Herbert SCHIFTEK, I. Zoolog. Abteilung, Natur- historisches Museum Wien, Burgring 7, Postfach 417, A-1014 Wien. — Österreich. ©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 110 H. SCHIFTER osteologischer Besonderheiten — siehe VERHEYEN (1956), der mit der Ein- führung einer eigenen Unterfamilie Urocoliinae die Unterschiede allerdings überbewertet, sowie POCOCK (1964) — und Abweichungen in der Jugend- entwicklung (SCHIFTER, 1967) berechtigt. Zu Urocolius ist außer U. macrourus lediglich der Brillen- oder Rotzügelmausvogel Urocolius indicus (LATHAM, 1790) zu zählen, der den Blaunackenmausvogel zwar im Süden Afrikas ver- tritt, aber zu Recht als eigene Art angesehen werden darf (siehe Diskussion S. 173). Zur Unterartgliederung von Urocolius macrourus sind seit GRANT (1915) bzw. FRIED MANN (1930) keine eingehenderen Arbeiten mehr erschienen und auch NIETHAMMER (1956) hat sich bei der Beschreibung der neuen Subspezies U. m. laeneni nur mit den Unterschieden zur benachbarten Form befaßt. So erschien es im Anschluß an die Beobachtungen des Brutverhaltens und der Jugendentwicklung (SCHIFTER, 1. c.) wünschenswert, die Zuordnung zu Unter- arten und ihre Verbreitung einer eingehenden Revision zu unterziehen. Dazu wurde das in den nachstehend angeführten Museen vorhandene Balgmaterial (insgesamt 789 Exemplare dieser Art) vergleichend untersucht, die Verbrei- tungsangaben überprüft und 1973 bzw. 1974 durch Freilandbeobachtungen zur Ökologie der Mausvögel in Ostafrika (Kenya und Tanzania) ergänzt. Für die leihweise Zusendung von Bälgen nach Wien zu Vergleichszwecken, für die Erlaubnis, das in den Sammlungen aufbewahrte Material zu studieren sowie für Aus- künfte über Literatur und Sammlungsbestände danke ich Dr. G. DIESSELHORST und Dr..J. REICHHOLF (Zoologische Staatssammlung, München), Dr. J. STEINBACHER (Natur- Museum und Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Frankfurt/Main), Prof. Dr. G. NIET- HAMMER f, Dr. H. E. WOLTERS und Dr. R. VAN DEN ELZEN (Zoologisches Forschungs- institut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn), Prof. Dr. E. SCHÜZ und Dr. C. KÖNIG (Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart), Dr. W. MEISE (Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg), H.-J. SCHULZ-HANKE (Städtisches Museum, Wiesbaden), Dr. E. SUTTER (Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel), Prof. Dr. V. ZISWELER (Zoologisches Museum der Universität, Zürich), Prof. Dr. J. DORST (Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris), Dr. A. THYS VAN DEN ATTDENAERDE und Dr. A. PRIGOGINE (Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika, Tervuren), P. DEVILLERS (Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles), Dr. G. F. MEES (Rijksmuseum van natuurlijke Historie, Leiden), Prof. Dr. F. SALOMONSEN und S. A. BRXJHN (Universitets Zoologiske Museum, Kopen- hagen), Dr. D. W. SNOW und Dr. I. C. J. GALBRAITH (British Museum, Natural History, London), Dr. D. AMADON und Dr. L. L. SHORT (American Museum of Natural History, New York), Dr. F. B. Gnx (Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia), Dr. R. L. Ztrsr (United States National Museum, Washington), M. A. TRAYLOR (Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago), K. E. STAGER (LOS Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles), A. FORBES-WATSON (National Museum of Kenya, Nairobi) und in ganz besonderem Maße für die Zusendung von Typus-Exemplaren Dr. G. MATJERSBERGER (Zoologisches Museum, Berlin). Eine große Hilfe war mir auch die von Mrs. B. P. HALL freundlicherweise zur Verfügung gestellte Liste „Gazetteers and Maps of African Bird Localities" des Dept. of Zoology, British Museum (Nat. Hist.). Weiters danke ich dem Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung für die Gewährung von Sonderurlauben und Reisekostenzuschüssen, dem British Council (Wien/London) und dem Frank M. Chapman Memorial Fund (New York) für Stipendien zu den Studien an den Museen in England und den USA. Die Freilandbeobachtungen in ©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Unterartgliederung und Verbreitung des Blaunackenmausvogels 111 Kenya und Tanzania wurden zusätzlich durch einen Förderungspreis des Theodor- Körner-Stiftungsfonds für Wissenschaft und Forschung und durch ein Wissenschafts - Stipendium des Kulturamtes der Stadt Wien ermöglicht. Die vorliegende Arbeit enthält jedoch nur einen Teil der auf den angeführten Studienreisen gesammelten Daten und Beobachtungen, da die Ergebnisse, die andere Arten der Familie Coliidae betreffen, gesondert veröffentlicht bzw. in einer monographischen Bearbeitung der Mausvögel ver- wendet werden sollen. Abkürzungen AMNH = American Museum of Natural History, New York ANSP = Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia BML = British Museum (Natural History), London CMP = Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh CNHM = Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago IFAN = Institut Francais d'Afrique Noir, Dakar IRSNB = Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles KMAT = Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika, Tervuren LACM = Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles MHNP = Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris MNSt = Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart NMBa = Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel NMK = National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi NMW = Natur historisches Museum, Wien NRS = Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Stockholm RML = Rijksmuseum van natuurlijke Historie, Leiden SMF = Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg, Frankfurt/Main SMW = Städtisches Museum, Wiesbaden USNM = United States National Museum, Washington ZFK = Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. ZMB = Zoologisches Museum, Berlin ZMH = Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg ZMK = Zoologisches Museum der Universität, Kopenhagen ZMZ = Zoologisches Museum der Universität, Zürich ZSM = Zoologische Staatssammlung, München (S) = Eigene Beobachtungen in Kenya und Tansania (1973 und 1974) Fl. = Flügellänge Schw. = Schwanzlänge L = Lauf Sehn. = Schnabellänge, Länge des Oberschnabels über den First gemessen. Entfernungsangaben in der Luftlinie, wenn nicht ausdrücklich anders angegeben. Diagnose: Ein langschwänziger Mausvogel mit großer, leicht nach hinten gebogener Haube. Kopf, Hals und übrige Oberseite graubraun, bei den östlichen und südlichen Formen mit rötlichem Schimmer und stellenweise bläulich oder grünlich verwaschen, Stirn bei einigen Unterarten mit gelblichem oder braunem Band, im Genick ein hellblauer Fleck (Tyndall-Blau : AUBER 1957), der je nach Lichteinfall türkisblau bis himmelblau glänzt. Kinn häufig weißlich, an der Brust ein mehr oder weniger deutlich oder stark ausgebildetes, beigefarbenes bis weinrötliches Band. Oberrücken und Flügel graubraun, ©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 112 H. SCHIFTER meist schwach grünlich verwaschen, Bürzel heller und reiner grau, seltener mit gelblichem oder grünlichem Anflug, Oberschwanzdecken häufiger grünlich verwaschen. Bauch und Steiß
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