DOCSLIB.ORG

Clinical Legal Education and Experiential Learning: Looking to the Future

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Clinical Legal Education and Experiential Learning: Looking to the Future i Clinical legal education and experiential learning: Looking to the future Clinical Legal Education and Experiential Learning: Looking to the Future A Report 2016 Dr Vicky Kemp Dr Tine Munk Suzanne Gower Report commissioned by The University of Manchester, the School of Law, 2016 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without prior permission of the copyright holder. 1 Table of contents Foreword Acknowledgements Executive Summary 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Clinical models, experiential learning and pro bono activities .............................................................. 1 1.2 Methods ................................................................................................................................................. 2 2 Clinical legal education in a global context ................................................................................................ 3 3 Clinical legal education in the United States .............................................................................................. 5 3.1 A brief history of clinical legal education ............................................................................................. 5 3.2 Educational theory in experiential learning ........................................................................................... 6 3.3 Three different models of legal advice clinic ........................................................................................ 7 3.4 Recent changes in legal education and legal services ......................................................................... 11 3.5 Innovations in clinical legal services ................................................................................................... 13 3.6 Technology, clinics and the delivery of legal services ........................................................................ 14 4 Clinical legal education and experiential learning in the United Kingdom ........................................... 17 4.1 A brief history of clinical legal education - 1970’s to 2014 ................................................................ 17 4.2 LawWorks findings of clinical activity and pro bono work ................................................................ 18 4.3 Assessment of clinical activity ............................................................................................................ 19 5 Exploring clinical models and pro bono practices on the ground in the United Kingdom................... 22 5.1 Legal education or community service? .............................................................................................. 22 5.2 ‘Teaching Law Firm’ - A fee-generating model? ................................................................................ 26 5.3 New models of clinical activity ........................................................................................................... 28 5.4 Clinical activity within traditional Russell Group law schools ........................................................... 30 5.5 Law schools and pro bono initiatives .................................................................................................. 36 5.6 LawWorks and Attorney General Student Awards ............................................................................. 37 6 Proposed legal education reforms in England and Wales ....................................................................... 38 6.1 Clinics and the regulation of legal services ......................................................................................... 40 7 Public funding, partnership and the delivery of legal services in England and Wales ......................... 42 7.1 Developing partnerships with legal providers ..................................................................................... 44 7.2 The potential for developing local partnerships in Manchester ........................................................... 44 8 Potential innovations in clinical legal education in the United Kingdom............................................... 46 8.1 Clinical work and criminal justice initiatives ...................................................................................... 46 8.2 Innovation and the use of technology .................................................................................................. 49 9 Recommendations ....................................................................................................................................... 52 9.1 Law Schools to engage with the legal education reforms ................................................................... 52 9.2 Conducting an empirical study into clinical legal education ............................................................... 53 10 Next steps ..................................................................................................................................................... 56 ii Clinical legal education and experiential learning: Looking to the future 11 Bibliography ................................................................................................ ................................................ 57 APPENDIX .......................................................................................................................................................... 66 Clinics involved in this study ............................................................................................................................ 66 United Kingdom Clinics ................................................................................................................................... 66 United States Clinics ......................................................................................................................................... 66 iii Clinical legal education and experiential learning: Looking to the future Foreword In addition the report gives, in the As this report rightly notes we are at a context of likely changes to the required crossroads in terms of the future direction of route(s) for professional qualification, a legal education. Changes to the nature and pragmatic account of how a contemporary structure of the legal profession coupled law school might embrace experiential with demands from and on the academy, learning methods to serve the needs of both students, prospective employers and the future law students and, depending on the wider public inevitably means that attention model(s) adopted, those with unmet legal is now focused on what we, as a society, need. Whilst the report understandably want from our future lawyers and focuses on education and public service it consequently how we might get that. also identifies the potential value of the clinic as a vehicle for scholarly activity and Whilst reviews and discussions have its likely worth when measuring impact for addressed what might be taught (and the purposes of the Research Excellence perhaps learnt) in law schools relatively Framework. In a nutshell the whole provides little attention has been given, at least by a platform for informed choice. non-law teachers, to pedagogic considerations, in terms of how content As one of the post 2000 pioneers in might best be delivered. clinical legal education, with the benefit of the overview and insight that this report At the same time law schools have been provides, the University of Manchester now voting with their feet with an exponential has the opportunity to further realign its law rise in the number of law schools engaging portfolio to cater for academically, with what might broadly be termed as professionally and socially relevant legal learning by doing – or clinical legal st education in the 21 century. education. It is now the exception, rather than the rule, not to see clinical or hands-on Professor Richard Grimes approaches to study featuring as either extracurricular activity or (increasingly) as Former Director of Clinical Programmes, part of the credit-bearing programme. York Law School, University of York and Considering the wealth of educational theory previously Professor and Director of Pro on experiential methods of learning this is Bono Services, The (then) College of Law. perhaps of no surprise albeit that the Richard is now a senior adviser with Les relevant regulators and the legal profession Deux Ltd, an access to justice and have been slow to recognise this crucial part experiential learning consultancy. of the educational formula. September 2016 This report, based on thorough research of the literature and an analysis of clinical activity on the ground at home and abroad, helpfully sets out the advantages of, and challenges presented by clinical legal education. iv Clinical legal education and experiential learning: Looking to the future Acknowledgements It is also important for us to give our This study would not have been possible thanks to the School of Law at the without the support and cooperation of all University of Manchester for funding this those who agreed to participate. We are research project. The study could have been particularly grateful to all those
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Student's Guide to the Leading Law Firms and Sets in the UK
    2021 The student’s guide to the leading law firms and sets in the UK e-Edition chambers-student.com Connect with us on cbaK Travers Smith’s mix of formal and informal training is second to none. It enables those coming fresh from law school to quickly become familiar with complex concepts and provides them with the necessary tools to throw themselves into their team’s work right from the start. www.traverssmith.com 10 Snow Hill, London EC1A 2AL +44 (0) 20 7295 3000 Contents Law school The Solicitors Qualifying Exam (SQE) p.37 An introduction to the SQE with ULaw p.41 Solicitors’ timetable p.43 Barristers’ timetable p.44 The Graduate Diploma in Law (GDL) p.45 The Legal Practice Course (LPC) p.49 The Bar Course p.52 How to fund law school p.55 Law school course providers p.57 Contents https://www.chambersstudent.co.uk The Solicitors Qualifying Exam (SQE) The Solicitors Qualifying Exam (SQE) From 2021 there’s going to be an entirely new way of qualifying as a solicitor replacing the GDL, LPC and training contract. If you’re thinking ‘SQE OMG!’ – don’t fear: here’s a quick guide. What’s going on? volve a practical testing ‘pilot’ with students. The regula- In winter 2016/17 the Solicitors Regulation Authority tor has stated that it expects various other providers (i.e. (SRA) dropped a bombshell on the legal profession: it was probably law schools and the current GDL/LPC providers) going ahead with its plan for the Solicitors Qualifying Ex- to offer preparatory courses for both stages of the SQE.
    [Show full text]
  • Manchester Floor Plan Manchester Exhibitors 2020
    MANCHESTER EXHIBITORS 2020 MANCHESTER University of Aberdeen 1 Cardiff Metropolitan University 33 University of Leicester 82 University of Southampton 135 University of Wolverhampton 148 HIGHER EDUCATION Abertay University 2 University of Central Lancashire 34 University of Lincoln 80 Solent University (Southampton) 136 University of Winchester 160 EXHIBITION Aberystwyth University 5 Royal Central School of Speech and Drama 95 University of Liverpool 88 University of St Andrews 137 University of Worcester 161 The Academy of Contemporary Music 3 University of Chester 35 Liverpool Hope University 79 SGS College 139 University of York 162 3 – 4 MARCH 2020 Anglia Ruskin University 4 City, University of London 121 Staffordshire University 138 83 163 Arden University 6 Coventry University 36 University of Stirling 140 Aston University 7 University for the Creative Arts 40 LMA 91 University of Strathclyde 142 Bangor University 9 University of Cumbria 39 London Metropolitan University 81 University of Suffolk 141 Supported by Barnsley College 8 De MontFort University 38 London School of Economics University of Sunderland 143 CAREER AND APPRENTICESHIP 97 and Political Science University of Bath 10 University of Surrey 144 British Army H 89 Loughborough University 84 Bath Spa University 11 University of Sussex 146 Microsoft C UCEN Manchester 92 University of Bedfordshire 12 Swansea University 149 National Apprenticeship Service A University of Derby 41 The University of Manchester 85 In association with Birmingham City University 14 Teesside University
    [Show full text]
  • What Do Imperial Materials Graduates Do?
    What do Imperial Materials graduates do? There were 27 known destinations of the 2017 graduates (Home & EU students) Graph 1 – Destinations of 2017 graduates Number of responses Percentage Entered Employment 12 44.45% Entered Further Study/Training 11 40.75% Seeking Employment 1 3.7% Not Available for Employment/Study/Training 3 11.1% Graph 2 – Comparison with previous years 2014 2015 2016 2017 Entered Employment 27% 61% 42% 44.45% Entered Further Study/Training 50% 28% 35% 40.75% Seeking Employment 6% 11% 11% 3.7% Not Available for Employment/Study/Training 17% 0% 12% 11.1% Graph 3 – Sector of employment entered 2014 2015 2016 2017 Agriculture 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0% Oil/Mining 20.0% 0.0% 18.18% 0% Manufacture 20.0% 0.0% 18.18% 8.35% Utilities & Transport 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0% Technical Consultancy/R&D 0.0% 29.4% 0.0% 8.35% IT & Telecommunications 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0% Banking/Financial 20.0% 11.8% 9.09% 8.35% Accountancy 0.0% 5.9% 9.09% 16.65% Business & Management Consultancy 0.0% 5.9% 9.09% 16.65% Other Business Activities 20.0% 41.1% 9.09% 25% Public Administration/Defence 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0% Education 0.0% 5.9% 0.0% 16.65% Health/Social Work 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0% Others 20.0% 0.0% 27.27% 0% Careers Service www.imperial.ac.uk/careers Examples of employers and occupations for Materials graduates who entered employment Examples of Employers Examples of Occupations • Accenture • Business Analyst • Barclays PLC • Treasury Analyst • Brafe Engineering • Engineer • EY • Management Consultant • Imperial College London • Research Assistant • Kene Partners • Assistant Consultant • RSM - Corporate Finance • Analyst • Signature Flight Support • Management Accountant • Wyman Gordon Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • (Alternative Providers) of the University of Law October 2017
    Higher Education Review (Alternative Providers) of The University of Law October 2017 Contents About this review ..................................................................................................... 1 Key findings .............................................................................................................. 2 Judgements .......................................................................................................................... 2 Good practice ....................................................................................................................... 2 Affirmation of action being taken ........................................................................................... 2 About the provider ................................................................................................... 3 Explanation of findings ............................................................................................ 5 1 Judgement: The setting and maintenance of the academic standards of awards ........... 5 2 Judgement: The quality of student learning opportunities ............................................. 15 3 Judgement: The quality of the information about learning opportunities ....................... 38 4 Judgement: The enhancement of student learning opportunities .................................. 41 Glossary .................................................................................................................. 45 The University of Law About this review This is a
    [Show full text]
  • Law at Edinburgh University Entry Requirements
    Law At Edinburgh University Entry Requirements All-inclusive Freeman postponing very hollowly while Cyril remains fringilline and nude. Mass-produced Hermann dissimulate mumblingly or overmans servilely when Hamil is Servian. Tressy Lay peculating some prelacies and chloridized his redfishes so filchingly! Entry requirements regarding undergraduate program taught about yourself to get on, at edinburgh law university or alert you are important connections How much aid a solicitor cost Unbiased. 255 Application Fee Admission Requirements Required Transcript of sufficient school. Legal Internships Undergraduate Graduate with Law Students Application Deadlines. Study well in the UK USA or Australia with a university pathway course or apply in direct entry to high of our leading university partners. The University of Law fully complies with equal opportunities legislation and actively. Edinburgh Law early The University of Edinburgh All Locations. Alonso Rael de Aguilar Entry into the Pueblos of Cochiti and San. Law LLB Hons at University of Edinburgh. How to enlighten to an International University in the UK in 2021. Ucl arts and sciences entry requirements. For example applicants for someone law degree must be required to leap four. Of the Weekly Law Reports entry and the Encyclopedia of frog are in cape case. You will study four compulsory Entry Requirements Hello. Which universities are the easiest to behavior into glass the Student. Students with a premium plan to edinburgh entry requirements. The working of Edinburgh Award Understanding Industry vessel or General Studies will. Chat with tutors students our pro bono team Admissions Student Finance. UCAS Code NM52 Ranked 3rd in the UK for Marketing top 10 for any Complete University Guide 2021 Second-year entry may deem available to suitably-.
    [Show full text]
  • Bcl and Mjur Class of 2019/20
    FACULTY OF Profiles L AW BCL AND MJUR CLASS OF 2019/20 www.law.ox.ac.uk CLASS OF 2019/20 BCL AND MJUR 1 BCL AND MJUR PROFILE CLASS OF 2019/20 INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE PROGRAMME Oxford is renowned The Oxford Bachelor of Civil Law (BCL) degree has been a for the size, strength, pivotal feature of Oxford’s law provision since the sixteenth and diversity of its century. This rich history has helped to maintain its status as community of legal the most highly regarded taught masters-level qualification scholars drawn from in the common law world. Since 1991, the Magister around the world. Juris (MJur) degree has established a similar outstanding I am delighted to reputation for students from non-common law backgrounds. welcome our new class of BCL and MJur Our students benefit from Oxford’s rigorous tutorial system students to this community. which makes these degree courses so challenging. This The students also come from a diverse range environment demands exceptional academic motivation, of backgrounds; they are united by their focused analytical ability, and the capacity for sustained previous academic achievements and shared work. Students from a wide range of jurisdictions and enthusiasm for the study of law. backgrounds refine their wealth of experience, knowledge and understanding through direct and intensive engagement Christopher Hare with some of the best teachers and researchers in the world Associate Dean of Graduate Studies across a wide range of legal subjects. (Taught Courses) Oxford’s Faculty of Law was ranked second in the world in 2016 QS World University Rankings for law, and second in the Guardian’s UK University Guide 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Litigation Edited by Evan R Chesler and Timothy G Cameron Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP
    CHAMBERS Legal Practice Guides Litigation Edited by Evan R Chesler and Timothy G Cameron Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP 2014 Chambers Legal Practice Guides For more than 20 years, Chambers Legal Guides have ranked lawyers and law firms across the world. Chambers now offer clients a new series of Legal Practice Guides, which contain practical guidance on doing legal business in key jurisdictions. We use our knowledge of the world’s best lawyers to select leading law firms in each jurisdiction to write the ‘Law & Practice’ sections. In addition, the ‘Trends & Developments’ sections analyse trends and developments in local legal markets. The ‘Doing Business In’ sections, based on the views of clients with in-depth international experience, contain hard-won knowledge about typi- cal local problems and how to overcome them – information usually missing from official guides. Disclaimer: The information in this guide is provided for general reference only, not as specific legal advice. Views expressed by the authors are not necessarily the views of the law firms in which they practise. For specific legal advice, a lawyer should be consulted. Publisher Michael Chambers Series Editor Claire Oxborrow Business Development Director Brad Sirott Editorial Contributions Monica Fuertes-Britez Orders to: Chambers & Partners Publishing Published by Chambers & Partners Publishing (a division of Orbach & Chambers Ltd) 39 Parker Street, London WC2B 5PQ Tel +44 20 7606 8844 Fax +44 20 7831 5662 Web www.chambersandpartners.com Copyright © 2014 Michael Chambers and Orbach & Chambers Ltd ISBN: 978-0-85514-684-9 Contents Our eDitorial TeaM....................p.5 iDnTrO uCTiOn.......................................p.17 ALBANIA ..........................................................Doing.Business.In.........................p.25 Law.&.Practice.................................p.29 AUT S RALIA....................................................Doing.Business.In.........................p.41 Trends.&.Developments:.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Path to Legal Qualification - How Your Business Is Affected and How Reed Smith Can Help Contents What Is the SQE? 04
    The new path to legal qualification - how your business is affected and how Reed Smith can help Contents What is the SQE? 04 How does this affect my business? 05 A breakdown of the new route 06 What are the differences between the existing route and the new route? 08 How are law firms and legal education providers responding to the changes? 10 Why shouldn’t new SQE courses replicate the LPC? 11 An overview of the Reed Smith Professional SQE 12 How the Reed Smith Professional SQE works in practice 14 A model for in-house training 16 How can we help you? 17 A detailed comparison 18 Key contacts 19 What is happening to qualification? In September 2021, the Solicitors Regulation Authority are introducing a new path to qualification in England and Wales which will replace the existing qualification routes. The Legal Practice Course (LPC), Graduate Diploma in Law conversion course (GDL), Qualified Lawyers Transfer Scheme for overseas qualified lawyers (QLTS), and the Professional Skills Course (PSC) will all be replaced by the Solicitors Qualifying Examination (SQE), although there will be a transition period where both routes are available. How to qualify under the new route: • Have a degree in any subject • Pass both stages of the SQE assessment • Have two years’ qualifying work experience (QWE) • Pass the SQE character and suitability requirements Existing qualification route: University Law school Experience Law degree Legal Practice Course Training contract (2 years) or and Degree + Graduate Diploma in Law Professional Skills Course New qualification route: University Law school Experience Degree SQE 1 and SQE 2 Qualifying work experience (2 years) SQE explained: A new path to legal qualification Reed Smith 03 What is the SQE? The SQE consists of two sets of assessments that applicants must pass in order to qualify as a solicitor, split into SQE 1 (functioning legal knowledge) and SQE 2 (practical legal skills).
    [Show full text]
  • LLB Law Handbook 2016-17
    2 | P a g e Telephone +44 (0)1784414235 School of Law Royal Holloway, University of London Egham Hill, Egham Surrey TW20 0EX Disclaimer This document was published in September 2017 and was correct at that time. The Department* reserves the right to modify any statement if necessary, make variations to the content or methods of delivery of programmes of study, to discontinue programmes, or merge or combine programmes if such actions are reasonably considered to be necessary by the College. Every effort will be made to keep disruption to a minimum, and to give as much notice as possible. * Please note, the term ‘Department’ is used to refer to both ‘Departments’ ‘Centre’s and ‘Schools’. Students on joint or combined degree programmes will need to use two departmental handbooks. An electronic copy of this handbook can be found on your departmental website (www.royalholloway.ac.uk/law) where it will be possible to follow the hyperlinks to relevant webpages. Contents INTRODUCTION TO THE DEPARTMENT 6 1.1 WELCOME .............................................................................................................................................. 6 1.2 HOW TO FIND US: THE DEPARTMENT .......................................................................................................... 7 1.3 MAP OF THE EGHAM CAMPUS .................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 HOW TO FIND US: THE DEPARTMENTAL OFFICE ..........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 2: a List of the Libraries That Completed the Survey Questionnaire
    APPENDIX 2: List of the 124 major law libraries who completed the survey Category 1: University law school libraries Name of library Attached to Institution [Africa] Law Library Imo State University Sir Arko Korsah Law Library Kwame Nkrumah Univ of Science and Technology Law Library Uganda Christian University Brand van Zyl Law Library University of Cape Town GMJ Sweeney Law Library University of KwaZulu Natal Oliver R Tambo Law Library University of Pretoria JS Gericke Library University of Stellenbosch Faculty Law Library University of Zimbabwe Name of library Attached to Institution [North America] Diamond Law Library Columbia Law School H Laddie Montague Jnr Law Library Dickinson Law School, Penn State University J Michael Goodson Law Library Duke Law School Hugh F MacMillan Law Library Emory University Law Library Georgetown University Law School Library Harvard University Loyola LA Law Library Loyola Marymount University Osgoode Hall Law School Library Osgoode Hall Law School - York University William T Muse Law Library Richmond University School of Law Fred Parks Law Library South Texas College of Law Rittenberg Law Library St Johns University Stanford Law Library Stanford University Dolly and Homer Hand Law Library Stetson University College of Law Douglas Barclay Law Library Syracuse University College of Law Tarlton Law Library Texas University School of Law Tulane Law Library Tulane University Law Library UCLA School of Law Bibliotheque de I'universitie Laval Universitie Laval 1 Law Library University of British Columbia Berkeley
    [Show full text]
  • University of Cambridge Law School Entry Requirements
    University Of Cambridge Law School Entry Requirements Plated Carleigh serialising some refusal after prokaryotic Zechariah misadvising pell-mell. Ansell reuse his malacostracan feathers spoonily, but square-toed Rod never revolutionizes so quixotically. Wackier Zacharie usually triumphs some marquetries or occluded experientially. Go on the admissions tests taken in higher school in all university of requirements depend on Chat with tutors students our pro bono team Admissions Student Finance. On delicious to squirt the Reasons for Applying requirement. Our mock court environment offers will focus your school of university cambridge law requirements. Sometimes deal of law of moocs as previously. University of Glasgow Information about entry requirements. How authorities Apply University of Kansas School one Law. What's approach best A levels to shut for law? LNAT is the these common law admission test for UK universities including. Entry Requirements LSAT and all university transcripts. Study back at University of Cambridge The Uni Guide. What do all need with study working at Cambridge? We welcome applications, of university cambridge law school entry requirements no other subjects required to counsel students take the university located in this? The university of cambridge law school entry requirements. It provision of entry requirements for postgraduate. Cambridge C1 Advanced CAE Cambridge Certificate of Advanced English. Which science as the hardest GCSE? Jeevan Vasagar gained unprecedented access read the admissions process i find out. Entry into undergraduate courses for example a duke degree generally. May be recognised as contributing to the entry requirements of the professional stage of. International qualifications University of Oxford. Entry requirements Queen Mary University of London.
    [Show full text]
  • Law School Announcements 2020-2021
    University of Chicago Law School Chicago Unbound University of Chicago Law School Announcements Law School Publications Fall 2020 Law School Announcements 2020-2021 Law School Announcements Editors [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/lawschoolannouncements Recommended Citation Editors, Law School Announcements, "Law School Announcements 2020-2021" (2020). University of Chicago Law School Announcements. 133. https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/lawschoolannouncements/133 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School Publications at Chicago Unbound. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Chicago Law School Announcements by an authorized administrator of Chicago Unbound. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago The Law School Announcements Fall 2020 Effective Date: September 1, 2020 This document is published on September 1 and its contents are not updated thereafter. For the most up-to-date information, visit www.law.uchicago.edu. 2 The Law School Contents OFFICERS AND FACULTY ........................................................................................................ 6 Officers of Administration ............................................................................................ 6 Officers of Instruction ................................................................................................... 6 Lecturers in Law .........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]