White Grape Must Oxygenation: Set up and Sensory Effect, Pag
LAGARDE-PASCAL ET AL., WHITE GRAPE MUST OXYGENATION: SET UP AND SENSORY EFFECT, PAG. 1 WHITE GRAPE MUST OXYGENATION: SET UP AND SENSORY EFFECT Christine LAGARDE-PASCAL et Laurent FARGETON Vivelys SAS, 170 boulevard du Chapitre, 34750 Villeneuve Lès Maguelone Müller-Späth showed in the 1970's that white grape winemaking practices in the presence of oxygen before the alcoholic fermentation were not necessary linked to negative results in the final wine and actually allowed for the wine to be less sensible to oxidation (Müller-Späth, 1977). Before the development of techniques that result in the extraction of a certain amount of polyphenols (mechanical harvest, maceration, sulphite addition during harvesting, inert pressing), several studies were published about treating grape musts with oxygen or «hyper-oxygenation» practices that permit for a reduction in polyphenol concentration in the pre-fermentation phases (Cheynier et al., 1989; Schneider, 1991; Cheynier et al., 1990; Cheynier et al., 1991; Cheynier et al., 1993; Ricardo da Silva et al., 1993). The technique allows for the stabilization of white wines against oxidation (Müller-Späth, 1977; Cheynier et al., 1989; Schneider, 1991; Schneider, 1998; Immelé, 2011; Ribéreau Gayon et al., 1998), in particular for what concerns the colour and also the astringency and bitterness which is reduced (Schneider, 1998). On the other hand, the effect on the wine aromas is more controversial: since there can be a loss of intensity and varietal aromas in some (Singleton et al., 1980; Dubourdieu et al., 1990), no aroma degradation in others (Müller-Späth, 1977; Cheynier et al., 1989) and even increased intensity (Artajona et al., 1990) or aromatic profile changes in others (Schneider, 1998).
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