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The Samurai: Paolo Masakayan

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The Samurai: Paolo Masakayan THE AGE OF ARMOR An Interactive Qualifying Project Report submitted to the faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science by ___________________________ Bethany Almeida ___________________________ Keon Seok Bang ___________________________ Alexander Gray ___________________________ Paolo Masakayan March 2, 2012 __________________________ Professor Jeffrey Forgeng, Major Advisor Abstract This project studied four unique and intriguing armors from the Higgins Armory Museum collection and presented three of the suits in an educational, fourteen-minute video-documentary. These armors are all characteristic pieces of their respective points in history—Europe and Japan from the 15th to 18th centuries—painting the history of their eras. The project team researched and documented the armors, generated a script, filmed footage, and created a video-documentary to be shown to museum visitors. 1 | P a g e Acknowledgments We would like to thank the following people for their contributions and help with this project. First, we would like to thank Professor Jeffrey Forgeng for advising us throughout the entirety of the project. Second, we would like to thank the Higgins Armory Museum for supporting the project and providing us with the resources and time to film the armors after museum hours. Third, we would like to thank Creative Commons for the music used in the film, and the WPI Recording Club for their assistance with the narration of our video. We would also like to thank Paul Kenworthy and the Salem Trayned Band for allowing us to take footage of the Pikeman Reenactment. Finally, we would like to thank all others essential to the creation of the film that were not previously acknowledged. 2 | P a g e Authorship The Knight: Bethany Almeida The Joust: Keon Seok Bang The Pikeman: Alexander Gray The Samurai: Paolo Masakayan All other components of this report and project were completed equally throughout the team. 3 | P a g e Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................... 2 Authorship ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................ 4 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 6 The Knight ..................................................................................................................................... 11 The History of the Knight in Medieval Europe ......................................................................... 11 The Feudal Period.................................................................................................................. 11 The National Monarchies ...................................................................................................... 12 Thriving Aspects of Late Medieval Europe .......................................................................... 13 The Renaissance .................................................................................................................... 14 The End of the Knight in Shining Armor .............................................................................. 15 The Knight in Shining Armor .................................................................................................... 16 How to Become a Knight ...................................................................................................... 16 Chivalry: The Knightly Code of Conduct ............................................................................ 19 The Knight on the Battlefield ................................................................................................ 20 The Knight‘s Opponents on the Battlefield ........................................................................... 20 The Armor of the Knights ......................................................................................................... 22 The Styles and Metallurgy of Plate Armor ............................................................................ 26 Arms of the Medieval Knight .................................................................................................... 29 The Sword ............................................................................................................................. 29 The Lance .............................................................................................................................. 30 The Shield and Other Weapons ............................................................................................. 31 The Warhorse ........................................................................................................................ 33 The Joust........................................................................................................................................ 35 History of Tournaments ............................................................................................................. 35 History of the Joust .................................................................................................................... 40 History of Germany from the Late 15th to Early 16th Century ................................................... 44 The Church and the Reformation .......................................................................................... 45 The Nation ............................................................................................................................. 46 The Jouster ................................................................................................................................ 48 The Pikeman .................................................................................................................................. 54 4 | P a g e Armor: Renaissance Warfare .................................................................................................... 54 Battlefield Positions and Infantry Types ............................................................................... 54 Equipment on the field .......................................................................................................... 56 Opponents Strengths and Weaknesses .................................................................................. 57 Warfare Tactics and Strategies .............................................................................................. 60 Design of the Armor .................................................................................................................. 61 The Chest Plate ...................................................................................................................... 61 The Pike ................................................................................................................................. 62 The Making of Armor ............................................................................................................... 63 The Armorers ........................................................................................................................ 63 The Resources and Tools Needed to Create Armor .............................................................. 64 Personalization or Mass Production ...................................................................................... 66 Era of the Armor‘s Use.............................................................................................................. 67 Political Climate .................................................................................................................... 67 What was the Purpose for the Wars in which this Armor was used? .................................... 69 The Samurai .................................................................................................................................. 71 History of the Samurai .............................................................................................................. 71 The Samurai .............................................................................................................................. 76 The Samurai‘s Armor ................................................................................................................ 82 The Samurai‘s Weapons ............................................................................................................ 86 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 93 Appendices .................................................................................................................................... 99 Appendix A: Works Cited ......................................................................................................... 99 Sources – Late Medieval Composite Field Battle Armor (2607) .......................................... 99 Sources – Late Medieval Composite Stechzeug ―German Joust‖ Armor (2580)
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