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Thesis G. Follevaag.Pdf BIOLOGOSENTRISME Geir Follevåg Avhandling for graden philosophiae doctor (PhD) ved Universitetet i Bergen April 2006 2 BIOLOGOSENTRISME Om litterære framstellingar av adopsjon, spesielt Kong Oidipus og Mansfield Park av Geir Follevåg Avhandling for graden philosophiae doctor (PhD) ved Universitetet i Bergen. April 2006 Historisk-filosofisk fakultet Institutt for lingvistikk og litteraturvitskap Seksjon for allmenn litteraturvitskap 3 4 FØREORD Arbeidet med avhandlinga byrja 15. oktober 2002 då eg blei tilsett som stipendiat ved Seksjon for allmenn litteraturvitskap ved UiB. Prosjektet var å undersøkje korleis adopsjon var framstelt i utvalde skjønlitterære verk. Sidan problemstillinga var tilnærma fråverande i allmenn litteraturvitskapleg samanheng, hadde eg ærleg tala ikkje klare førestellingar om kva resultatet kom til å bli. Etter kvart som avhandlinga byrja å ta form blei eg sjølv overraska over i kor mange ulike retningar adopsjonstematikken i litteraturen førte meg. Eg oppdaga at adopsjonstematikken vedrører langt fleire område i akademisk og daglegdags samanheng enn det dei fleste sannsynlegvis har tenkt over. For å kunne fullføre avhandlinga innanfor rimelege rammer, måtte eg anstrenge meg for å snevre inn perspektivet. Trass alt skulle prosjektet vere ei litteraturvitskapleg avhandling. Utfordringa har vore å finne ein balanse mellom å late litteraturen stå i sentrum og samstundes indikere korleis analysane og teoretiske funderingar kring adopsjonstematikken i litteraturen kan vere relevant i høve til andre faglege retningar og på eit allment samfunnsmessig nivå. For at avhandlinga faktisk har blitt ferdig innanfor ”rimelege rammer”, vil eg rette ein takk til Institutt for lingvistikk og litteratur og Seksjon for allmenn litteraturvitskap ved UiB, som har gjeve meg kontorplass og eit fagleg miljø å forholde meg til. Administrasjonen har til eikvar tid gjort sitt beste for å løyse eventuelle praktiske problem som har dukka opp undervegs. Min rettleiar, professor Arild Linneberg, har bidratt fagleg, praktisk og moralsk til ferdigstillinga av avhandlinga. Morten Auklend har lese og kommentert heile manuset. Kari Jegerstedt, Anders Kristian Strand og Peter Svare Valeur har kommentert delar av avhandlinga. Mari Kjos Hellum fortener takk for generell moralsk støtte og oppmuntring under arbeidet med avhandlinga. Hanne Eide Andersen har delt interessa for temaet adopsjon på eit generelt plan utover akademia sine grenser, og har motivert og inspirert meg i tider der eg har tenkt at avhandlinga ikkje har hatt relevans for andre enn meg sjølv. 5 6 INNHALD FØREORD ................................................................................................................................. 5 INNLEIING ............................................................................................................................... 9 PANDORAS KRUKKE......................................................................................................... 9 EIT POLITISK PROSJEKT?............................................................................................... 11 THE KINDNESS OF STRANGERS...................................................................................... 17 BIOLOGOSENTRISME...................................................................................................... 25 ADOPSJONSLOVEN ........................................................................................................... 28 ADOPSJONSFORSKINGA ................................................................................................ 31 KAPITTEL 1............................................................................................................................ 35 BIOLOGOSENTRISME I LITTERATUREN .................................................................... 35 IMAGINING ADOPTION .................................................................................................... 40 DEN FREUDEFULLE ADOPTERTE ................................................................................ 49 MARTHE ROBERT ............................................................................................................ 54 MYTEN OM ”MYTEN OM HELTENS FØDSEL” ........................................................... 56 PETER BROOKS ................................................................................................................ 58 DEKONSTRUKSJON OG FAMILIE ................................................................................. 60 DEKONSTRUKSJON AV FAMILIEN .............................................................................. 63 BIOLOGOSENTRISME SOM DEKONSTRUKTIVT SKRØMT ..................................... 68 Å DEKONSTRUERE (FAMILIEN) ER Å DENATURALISERE (FAMILIEN) .............. 71 AD-OPTO SOM EKSISTENSIELT FAMILIEPRINSIPP.................................................. 73 KONGS-EMNERNE............................................................................................................. 80 AUSTERLITZ ....................................................................................................................... 89 KAPITTEL 2............................................................................................................................ 99 DEN UTSETTE UT-SETJINGA......................................................................................... 99 SFINKS OIDIPUS ............................................................................................................. 104 FRÅ ANDRE HENDER .................................................................................................... 117 DEN AV-SLØRTE OIDIPUS............................................................................................ 122 DEN FABRIKERTE FAREN............................................................................................ 126 WHAT'S IN A NAME? ..................................................................................................... 131 TILFELDIGE FEDRE ....................................................................................................... 134 Å VERE FAR TIL SIN FAR ............................................................................................. 137 ”WHAT IS A (BIOLOGICAL) FATHER?” ..................................................................... 141 SOFOKLES - FAR TIL OIDIPUS?................................................................................... 145 TALE OG SKRIFT – FAR OG SON................................................................................. 155 BIO-LOGOSENTRISME .................................................................................................. 159 DEN ADOPTERTE SOM HOMO SACER........................................................................ 162 HEATHCLIFF SOM HOMO SACER................................................................................ 167 REPETISJON OG DIFFERENS........................................................................................ 176 MRS. DEAN SOM (ADOPTIV)MOR .............................................................................. 186 Å GENERERE TEKST ...................................................................................................... 191 LESING OG FORTOLKING SOM ADOPSJON ............................................................. 195 FAREFULL EMBLEMATISK FORTOLKING ............................................................... 200 ANTI-GENEALOGISKE RØTER .................................................................................... 208 KAPITTEL 3.......................................................................................................................... 211 Å ADOPTERE JANE AUSTEN OG MANSFIELD PARK ............................................... 211 Å ADOPTERE FANNY PRICE........................................................................................ 213 Å KOME HEIM................................................................................................................. 223 7 DEN KAUKASISKE (FAMILIE)KRITSIRKELEN......................................................... 233 FAMILIESIRKELEN ........................................................................................................ 238 DEN MONSTRØSE FANNY............................................................................................ 251 SYMBOLSK INCEST ....................................................................................................... 260 PARKEN............................................................................................................................ 269 TEATERET........................................................................................................................ 277 DEN HYPOTETISKE F(ORTELJ)AREN ........................................................................ 295 KAPITTEL 4.......................................................................................................................... 305 BIBELEN............................................................................................................................ 305 JOSEF................................................................................................................................. 308 MOSES............................................................................................................................... 310 RUT...................................................................................................................................
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