DOCSLIB.ORG

Round 1 Noise Monitoring Results February 2018

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Ararat Wind Farm Noise Compliance Testing S2894C34 February 2018 sonus . Sonus Pty Ltd 17 Ruthven Avenue Adelaide 5000 SA Phone: +61 (8) 8231 2100 www.sonus.com.au Page 1 Ararat Wind Farm Noise Compliance Testing S2894C33 February 2018 . sonus Document Title : Ararat Wind Farm Noise Compliance Testing Document Reference : S2894C33 Date : February 2018 Prepared By : Chris Turnbull, MAAS Reviewed By : Jason Turner, MAAS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 3 2 CRITERIA ........................................................................................................................................... 3 3 STAGE 1 TESTING .............................................................................................................................. 5 3.1 Testing Location ...............................................................................................................................5 3.2 Data Collection .................................................................................................................................6 3.3 Data Analysis ....................................................................................................................................6 3.4 Stage 1 Test Results..........................................................................................................................7 4 STAGE 2 TESTING ............................................................................................................................ 10 4.1 Test Methods ................................................................................................................................ 10 4.2 Stage 2 testing for higher wind speeds ......................................................................................... 11 4.3 Stage 2 testing for lower wind speeds .......................................................................................... 13 5 SPECIAL AUDIBLE CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................ 15 5.1 Tonality .......................................................................................................................................... 15 5.2 Amplitude Modulation .................................................................................................................. 16 6 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................................. 17 Page 2 Ararat Wind Farm Noise Compliance Testing S2894C33 February 2018 . sonus 1 INTRODUCTION Sonus has been engaged by GE Renewable Energy to conduct noise compliance testing in accordance with the Noise Compliance Testing Plan1 (NCTP). The NCTP provides a staged methodology. Stage 1 is the primary method of NZS 6808:19982. Where compliance cannot be confirmed in Stage 1 then the NCTP establishes additional test methods (Stage 2). This report summarises the results of the Stage 1 and Stage 2 tests for the Ararat Wind Farm. The Stage 1 and Stage 2 tests together comprise the first round3 of noise compliance testing. 2 CRITERIA The applicable noise criteria are established in accordance with NZS6808:1998 with the exception of being considered over both the “all-time” (24 hours) and “night-time” (10pm to 7am) periods. The noise criteria provided by NZS6808:1998 is an LA95 of 40 dB(A) or the measured background noise level plus 5 dB(A), whichever is the greater. The background noise level is determined in accordance with Section 4.5 of NZS6808:1998. Sonus has conducted background noise level measurements at 19 dwellings in the vicinity of the Ararat Wind Farm between December 2015 and March 2016. Details of the noise measurements and the measured background noise levels at each dwelling are summarised in Sonus report S2894C30, dated June 2016. Based on the measured background noise levels, the relevant noise criteria at each residence for the all-time and night-time periods have been determined, as provided in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively. The background noise monitoring regime commenced during construction of the Ararat Wind Farm. Whilst it was considered that the construction activity did not affect the results due to the distances to the activity and the measurement process, an assessment of the data has been conducted and is provided in Appendix A. The assessment confirms that the construction activity did not influence the measured background noise levels. 1 Sonus document S2894C20 (dated July 2013), established in accordance with the relevant conditions of Ararat Rural City Council Permit No. 09/004799 and Northern Grampians Shire Council Permit No. 5.2009.94.1., and approved by the Minister for Planning. 2 New Zealand Standard NZS 6808:1998 Acoustics – The assessment and measurement of sound from wind turbine generators. 3 Two rounds of noise compliance testing are required under the Permit. Page 3 Ararat Wind Farm Noise Compliance Testing S2894C33 February 2018 . sonus Table 1: Criteria for “all time” period. Monitoring Background Noise Level, LA95,10 (dB(A)) at 85m Hub Height Integer Wind Speeds Location ID 4 m/s 5 m/s 6 m/s 7 m/s 8 m/s 9 m/s 10 m/s 11 m/s 12 m/s 13 m/s 14 m/s AH03 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 43 45 AH05 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 45 47 49 AH06 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 46 48 49 AH10 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 43 45 47 49 AH12 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 42 44 45 46 AH13 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 43 44 45 44 AH14 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 42 42 41 AH15 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 41 41 41 AH38 40 40 40 40 40 41 43 45 45 45 44 AH39 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 43 44 44 AH40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 45 47 47 46 AH41 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 43 45 47 48 AH42 40 40 40 40 40 42 45 47 49 51 53 AH43 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 46 47 47 AH44 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 43 45 46 46 AH46 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 46 48 51 AH51 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 46 AH52 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 46 48 AH53 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 43 45 48 Table 2: Criteria for “night time” period. Monitoring Background Noise Level, LA95,10 (dB(A)) at 85m Hub Height Integer Wind Speeds Location ID 4 m/s 5 m/s 6 m/s 7 m/s 8 m/s 9 m/s 10 m/s 11 m/s 12 m/s 13 m/s 14 m/s AH03 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 43 AH05 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 46 AH06 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 46 AH10 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 43 47 51 AH12 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 43 46 AH13 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 44 47 AH14 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 43 44 AH15 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 43 43 AH38 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 43 44 45 AH39 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 AH40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 45 45 AH41 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 43 47 52 AH42 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 44 48 53 59 AH43 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 44 45 45 AH44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 43 46 50 AH46 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 45 51 59 AH51 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 41 43 AH52 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 AH53 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 45 Page 4 Ararat Wind Farm Noise Compliance Testing S2894C33 February 2018 . sonus 3 STAGE 1 TESTING 3.1 Testing Location The NCTP requires the Stage 1 testing to be conducted at all non-stakeholder dwellings where the predicted noise level is at or above 35 dB(A), subject to access being granted. The relevant non-stakeholder dwellings have been determined based on the predicted noise levels from the final turbine arrangement, as summarised in the Sonus report S2894C24, dated April 2014. A total of 21 dwellings were identified, with access being granted for 19 locations (refer Table 3). There were 2 dwellings in the 21 identified where access was denied by the owners, being at AH08 (680796E 5872989N) and AH09 (680740E 5872799N). At each of the remaining 19 dwellings, noise logging equipment was placed at the equivalent position to the background noise logging location. Generally, the position was on the wind farm side of the dwelling and at least 5m from the building facade to remove the effects of large reflecting surfaces. A photograph of the noise logging equipment at each dwelling is provided in Appendix B. In addition to the noise logging, local wind speed logging was also conducted at 10 locations, with rainfall data collected at 4 locations. The rainfall data and the measured wind speed at the microphone height were used to identify periods when data might have been adversely affected by weather. For locations where the local weather logging equipment was not deployed, data from the closest weather logger has been used in the analysis. Table 3 provides the coordinates of the 19 noise testing locations for the Stage 1 testing, and includes the monitoring period at each location and the local weather logging details. Table 3: Stage 1 noise testing locations. Testing Coordinates (WGS 84 Zone 54) Wind Rain No Monitoring Period Location Easting Northing Logger Logger 1 AH03 676173 5883809 01/08/2017 – 18/09/2017 AH03 AH53 2 AH05 677240 5877436 01/08/2017 – 18/09/2017 AH06 AH53 3 AH06 677508 5875847 01/08/2017 – 18/09/2017 AH06 AH53 4 AH10 684902 5873587 31/07/2017 – 19/09/2017 AH12 AH14 5 AH12 686435 5873123 31/07/2017 – 19/09/2017 AH12 AH14 6 AH13 686881 5873171 11/10/2017 – 22/11/2017 AH13 AH13 7 AH14 687352 5872154 31/07/2017 – 19/09/2017 AH14 AH14 8 AH15 687467 5872059 31/07/2017 – 19/09/2017 AH14 AH14 9 AH38 689658 5874816 31/07/2017 – 10/09/2017 AH38 AH14 10 AH39 689581 5874970 31/07/2017 – 11/09/2017 AH38 AH14 11 AH40 689599 5875129 31/07/2017 – 18/09/2017 AH40 AH14 Page 5 Ararat Wind Farm Noise Compliance Testing S2894C33
Recommended publications
  • T&B® Cable Tray

    T&B® Cable Tray

    ® T&B Cable Tray Common Accessories Custom Maple Block and Cable Rollers Custom Maple Hardwood Block Maple hardwood, paraffin wax impregnated, multiple cable blocks can be made to your specific requirements. Cable blocks are to ensure proper separation of single conductor cables, which prevents any interference due to magnetic fields. The maple hardwood blocks are paraffin wax impregnated to prevent moisture from penetrating and causing rotting and splitting. Cable blocks are also available in high density polyethylene. Price and delivery upon request. Electrogalvanized hardware included, however stainless steel hardware is also available upon request. Maple hardwood block catalogue selector (MB) 3-15-1.8125-DH Material Prefix Number of rows of holes Total number of holes Hole diameter Hardware MB • Maple block Please specify Please specify Please specify Blank • No hardware included DH • Hardware included DHSS • Stainless steel hardware included Cable Rollers Why should rollers be used? Why purchase the T&B Cable Roller System? 1. To reduce pulling stress on cables, avoiding undue fatigue or abrasions. • Universal — fits virtually all tray systems. 2. Minimizes harmful “shear” load being placed on cable trays. • Mounts from bottom of cable tray, eliminating the need for double handling cables and reducing possibility of cable damage. 3. To reduce installation time. • Sideways telescopic adjustment allows rollers to accommodate virtually all tray widths. • Nylon bearings require no lubrication. Straight Roller • Independent rollers limit cable abrasion. Cat. No. Description Fits all profiles HAR 1224 Straight 12 in. to 24 in. (30 cm to 60 cm) all profiles HAR 1836 Straight 18 in. to 36 in. (45 cm to 90 cm) Corner Roller Cat.
  • CHIS 2019 Adult CAWI Questionnaire (Self-Administered) Version 2.73 April 26, 2021 Adult Respondents Age 18 and Older

    CHIS 2019 Adult CAWI Questionnaire (Self-Administered) Version 2.73 April 26, 2021 Adult Respondents Age 18 and Older

    CHIS 2019 Adult CAWI Questionnaire (Self-administered) Version 2.73 April 26, 2021 Adult Respondents Age 18 and Older Collaborating Agencies: • UCLA Center for Health Policy Research • California Department of Health Care Services • California Department of Public Health Contact: California Health Interview Survey UCLA Center for Health Policy Research 10960 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 1550 Los Angeles, CA 90024 Telephone: (866) 275-2447 Fax: (310) 794-2686 Web: www.chis.ucla.edu Copyright © 2019 by the Regents of the University of California CHIS 2019 Adult Questionnaire Version 2.73 April 26, 2021 Table of Contents Section A: Demographic Information, Part I ......................................................................................... 6 Age ......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Gender Identity ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Ethnicity ................................................................................................................................................. 8 Race ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 Language Spoken at Home ................................................................................................................. 13 Additional Language Use ....................................................................................................................
  • Salem Generating Station, Units 1 & 2, Revision 29 to Updated Final Safety Analysis Report, Chapter 4, Figures 4.5-1 to 4.5

    Salem Generating Station, Units 1 & 2, Revision 29 to Updated Final Safety Analysis Report, Chapter 4, Figures 4.5-1 to 4.5

    r------------------------------------------- 1 I p M J B I R N L K H G F E D c A I I I I I Af'Jq AF20 AF54 AF72 32 AF52 AF18 I L-q L-10 L-15 D-6 -11 E-10 D-8 l I AF03 Af't;qAH44 AH60 AH63 AG70 AH65 AH7l AH47 AFS4 AF08 I N-ll H-3 FEED FEED FEED H-14 FEED FEED FEED M-12 C-11 2 I AF67 AH4q AH04 AG27 AG2<i' AG21 AG16 AG42 AF71 AF07 AF01 AG36 AH!5!5 3 I E-3 M-6 FEED M-3 FEED P-1 J-14 B-11 FEED D-3 FEED F-4 L-3 I AF67 AH5S AG56 Atflq AGsq AH2<1' AG48 AH30 AG68 AH08 AG60 AH30 AF55 I D-12 FEED F-2 FEED N-11 FEED F-14 FEED C-11 FEED B-11 FEED C-8 4 I AF12 AH57 AG43 AH38 AHtiJq AG12 AH24 AGfR AH25 AGil AG31 AH45 AF21 AGlM AH21 5 I H~4 FEED N-4 FEED H-7 FEED K~q FEED F-q FEED G-8 FEED C-4 FEED J-15 I AF50 AH72 AH22 AGS6 AH15 AGll.lAG64 AG41 AG52 AG88 AH18 AG65 AHIJ2 AH5q AF51 I F-5 FEED FEED F-3 FEED M-5 r+q G-14 o-q E-4 FEED K-3 FEED FEED K-5 6 I f:Fl7 AH73 AG24 AH28 AG82 AG71 AH14 AG18 AHil AG46 AG17 AH35 AG22 AH61 AF26 7 I E-8 FEED E-2 FEED G-6 G-4 FEED E-12 FEED J-4 J-6 FEED L-2 FEED E-5 I Af&q I qeo AF65 AG45 AtM0 AG57 AH33 AG32 AG16 AH01 AGI6 AG3<1' AH27 AG51 AG44 AG55 K-4 B-8 e-q B-6 FEED B-7 P-5 FEEC M-11 P-q FEED P-11 P-7 P-8 F-12 8 I AF47 AH68 AF23 AH41 AF1!5 AG62 AH26 AG03 AH23 AH32 AG28 AHsq AF3<1' q I L-U FEED E-14 FEED G-10 G-12 FEED L-4 FEED FEED L-14 FEED L-8 I ~~ AF66 AH66 AH10 AG67 AH37 AGJq AG68 AG3l AG63 AG05 AH08 AG5q AH17 AH67 AF41 I F-11 FEED FEED F-13 FEED L-12 M-7 J-2 D-7 D-11 FEED K-13 FEED FEED K-11 10 I AE33 AH!52 AG37 AH31 AG14 AH20 AF20 AH34 AG13 AH36 AG07 AH40 AG38 AH!53 AF27 I G-ll FEED N-12 FEED J-8 FEED K-7 FEED
  • 2.3 Nepal Road Network

    2.3 Nepal Road Network

    2.3 Nepal Road Network Overview Primary Roads in Nepal Major Road Construction Projects Distance Matrix Road Security Weighbridges and Axle Load Limits Road Class and Surface Conditions Province 1 Province 2 Bagmati Province Gandaki Province Province 5 Karnali Province Sudurpashchim Province Overview Roads are the predominant mode of transport in Nepal. Road network of Nepal is categorized into the strategic road network (SRN), which comprises of highways and feeder roads, and the local road network (LRN), comprising of district roads and Urban roads. Nepal’s road network consists of about 64,500 km of roads. Of these, about 13,500 km belong to the SRN, the core network of national highways and feeder roads connecting district headquarters. (Picture : Nepal Road Standard 2070) The network density is low, at 14 kms per 100 km2 and 0.9 km per 1,000 people. 60% of the road network is concentrated in the lowland (Terai) areas. A Department of Roads (DoR’s) survey shows that 50% of the population of the hill areas still must walk two hours to reach an SRN road. Two of the 77 district headquarters, namely Humla, and Dolpa are yet to be connected to the SRN. Page 1 (Source: Sector Assessment [Summary]: Road Transport) Primary Roads in Nepal S. Rd. Name of Highway Length Node Feature Remarks N. Ref. (km) No. Start Point End Point 1 H01 Mahendra Highway 1027.67 Mechi Bridge, Jhapa Gadda chowki Border, East to West of Country Border Kanchanpur 2 H02 Tribhuvan Highway 159.66 Tribhuvan Statue, Sirsiya Bridge, Birgunj Connects biggest Customs to Capital Tripureshwor Border 3 H03 Arniko Highway 112.83 Maitighar Junction, KTM Friendship Bridge, Connects Chinese border to Capital Kodari Border 4 H04 Prithvi Highway 173.43 Naubise (TRP) Prithvi Chowk, Pokhara Connects Province 3 to Province 4 5 H05 Narayanghat - Mugling 36.16 Pulchowk, Naryanghat Mugling Naryanghat to Mugling Highway (PRM) 6 H06 Dhulikhel Sindhuli 198 Bhittamod border, Dhulikhel (ARM) 135.94 Km.
  • List of Non-QPL Material Source Codes NON-QPL AGGREGATES - - (MISC) Company Location Material Code A.B

    List of Non-QPL Material Source Codes NON-QPL AGGREGATES - - (MISC) Company Location Material Code A.B

    List of Non-QPL Material Source Codes NON-QPL AGGREGATES - - (MISC) Company Location Material Code A.B. FUTCH & SONS, INC. EUNICE FINE SAND (HMAC) AH18 ACME SAND & GRAVEL(KENT PIT#2) BAYWOOD FINE SAND (HMAC) AJ74 ANDING, LEE PIT WEST MONROE FINE SAND (HMAC) AH76 B & C ASPHALT #2 AMITE FINE SAND (HMAC) AK12 B & D SAND PIT PARKS FINE SAND (HMAC) AK98 B. D. KEEL CONST. INC. DERIDDER FINE SAND (HMAC) AK59 B. S. TAYLOR PIT WEST MONROE SAND CLAY GRAVEL AH89 BARBER BROS.#3(ESSEN LANE) BATON ROUGE FINE SAND (HMAC) AJ89 BARBER BROS.#5(LA 37) BAYWOOD FINE SAND (HMAC) AJ90 BARRIERE BUSH SAND CLAY GRAVEL AG59 BARRIERE FRANKLINTON FINE SAND AL25 BARRIERE ISABEL (H116) FINE SAND (HMAC) AJ45 BARRIERE LIVINGSTON FINE SAND AL24 BARRIERE PIT POINT A LA HACHE GRANULAR MATERIAL AG82 BARRY L. MOORE PIT PORT ALLEN FINE SAND (HMAC) AH43 BEAR INDUSTRIES CARVILLE BLENDED CALCIUM SULF AL47 BEAR INDUSTRIES PORT ALLEN GRANULAR MATERIAL AK87 BEARD PIT JONESVILLE FINE SAND (HMAC) AJ33 BECK AND STEIN VACHERIE FINE SAND (HMAC) AH97 BEVERLY CONSTRUCTION HAHNVILLE SAND AL14 BEVERLY PIT BRIDGE CITY NON-PLASTIC EMB AL33 BEVERLY PIT CHALMETTE SAND FOR EMBAKMENT AL48 BEVERLY PIT NINE MILE POINT SAND AL40 BILLEAUD SAND PIT BROUSSARD FINE SAND (HMAC) AK54 BLAIN COMPANIES, THE CRANFIELD, MA FINE SAND (HMAC) AK97 BLEWER PIT CLARENCE FINE SAND AL41 BRISTERS PIT ANACOCO FINE SAND (HMAC) AJ94 BROWN PIT HEFLIN PIT RUN SAND/GRAVEL AJ05 BUDDY CAZES PIT BRUSLY FINE SAND (HMAC) AK35 BUDDYS PIT (LA 67) FRED FINE SAND (HMAC) AJ92 BURNS SAND & GRAVEL ROSEPINE SAND CLAY GRAVEL AK52 BYRON TALBOT CONST.
  • Round 2 Noise Monitoring Results August 2019

    Round 2 Noise Monitoring Results August 2019

    Ararat Wind Farm Round 2 Noise Compliance Testing S2894C45 August 2019 sonus . Sonus Pty Ltd 17 Ruthven Avenue Adelaide 5000 SA Phone: +61 (8) 8231 2100 www.sonus.com.au Page 1 Ararat Wind Farm Round 2 Noise Compliance Testing S2894C45 August 2019 . sonus Document Title : Ararat Wind Farm Round 2 Noise Compliance Testing Document Reference : S2894C45 Date : August 2019 Prepared By : Chris Turnbull, MAAS Reviewed By : Jason Turner, MAAS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 3 2 CRITERIA ........................................................................................................................................... 3 3 STAGE 1 TESTING .............................................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Testing Location ...............................................................................................................................7 3.2 Data Collection .................................................................................................................................8 3.3 Data Analysis ....................................................................................................................................9 3.4 Stage 1 Test Results....................................................................................................................... 10 4 STAGE 2 TESTING ...........................................................................................................................
  • 1St IRF Asia Regional Congress & Exhibition

    1St IRF Asia Regional Congress & Exhibition

    1st IRF Asia Regional Congress & Exhibition Bali, Indonesia November 17–19 , 2014 For Professionals. By Professionals. "Building the Trans-Asia Highway" Bali’s Mandara toll road Executive Summary International Road Federation Better Roads. Better World. 1 International Road Federation | Washington, D.C. ogether with the Ministry of Public Works Indonesia, we chose the theme “Building the Trans-Asia Highway” to bring new emphasis to a visionary project Tthat traces its roots back to 1959. This Congress brought the region’s stakeholders together to identify new and innovative resources to bridge the current financing gap, while also sharing case studies, best practices and new technologies that can all contribute to making the Trans-Asia Highway a reality. This Congress was a direct result of the IRF’s strategic vision to become the world’s leading industry knowledge platform to help countries everywhere progress towards safer, cleaner, more resilient and better connected transportation systems. The Congress was also a reflection of Indonesia’s rising global stature. Already the largest economy in Southeast Asia, Indonesia aims to be one of world’s leading economies, an achievement that will require the continued development of not just its own transportation network, but also that of its neighbors. Thank you for joining us in Bali for this landmark regional event. H.E. Eng. Abdullah A. Al-Mogbel IRF Chairman Minister of Transport, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Indonesia Hosts the Region’s Premier Transportation Meeting Indonesia was the proud host to the 1st IRF Asia Regional Congress & Exhibition, a regional gathering of more than 700 transportation professionals from 52 countries — including Ministers, senior national and local government officials, academics, civil society organizations and industry leaders.
  • PPP Resources for Treasure Coast Businesses

    PPP Resources for Treasure Coast Businesses

    PPP Resources for Treasure Coast Businesses Nine Practical Steps 1. Find the The Laws • H.R. 748 = CARES Act; PPP = Sections 1101, 1102 and 1106 • 1101, 1102 = PPP definition • 1106 = Loan Forgiveness • H.R. 266 = PPP & HCE Act • H.R. 7010 = PPPFA 2. See what the agencies say 3. Google PPP FAQ… 48 as of this writing 4. Keep up with Interim Final Rules CARES Act - PPP Interim Final Rules • Google: 3245-AH34, SBA unless otherwise noted Federal 3245-AH35, 3245-AH36, RIN Register Page Effective Date 1st 3245-AH34 20811 4/15/20 2nd 3245-AH35 20817 4/15/20 etc. 3rd 3245-AH36 21747 4/20/20 4th 3245-AH37 23450 4/28/20 Treasury #1 1505-AC67 23917 4/30/20 AND 5th 3245-AH38 26321 5/4/20 6th 3245-AH39 26324 5/4/20 1505-AC67, 1505-AC69, 7th 3245-AH40 27287 5/8/20 8th 3245-AH41 29845 5/19/20 9th 3245-AH42 29842 5/19/20 etc. 10th 3245-AH43 29847 5/19/20 11th 3245-AH44 30835 5/21/20 12th 3245-AH45 31357 5/26/20 13th 3245-AH46 33004 5/28/20 Treasury #2 1505-AC69 33004 5/28/20 14th 3245-AH47 33010 5/28/20 15th 3245-AH48 pending publication 16th 3245-AH49 17th 3245-AH50 5. UH -OH… “We’re from the IRS and we’re here to help” IRS Notice 2020-32 • PPP says loan forgiveness is tax exempt, but… • Expenses paid by loan forgiveness are NON-DEDUCTIBLE. • Was this the legislative intent? • Congress chose not to address this issue in PPPFA.
  • The World's Colonisation and Trade Routes Formation As Imitated By

    The World's Colonisation and Trade Routes Formation As Imitated By

    The World's Colonisation and Trade Routes Formation as Imitated by Slime Mould Andrew Adamatzky University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom This is unedited preprint with low-resolution photographs. Final and edited version of this paper is published in Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos, 22, 1230028 (2012) [26 pages] DOI: 10.1142/S0218127412300285 Abstract The plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum is renowned for spanning sources of nutrients with networks of protoplasmic tubes. The networks transport nutrients and metabolites across the plas- modium's body. To imitate a hypothetical colonisation of the world and formation of major trans- portation routes we cut continents from agar plates arranged in Petri dishes or on the surface of a three-dimensional globe, represent positions of selected metropolitan areas with oat flakes and inoculate the plasmodium in one of the metropolitan areas. The plasmodium propagates towards the sources of nutrients, spans them with its network of protoplasmic tubes and even crosses bare substrate between the continents. From the laboratory experiments we derive weighted Physarum graphs, analyse their structure, compare them with the basic proximity graphs and generalised graphs derived from the Silk Road and the Asia Highway networks. Keywords: biological transport networks, unconventional computing, slime mould 1 Introduction Nature-inspired computing paradigms and experimental laboratory prototypes are demonstrated reason- able success in approximation of shortest, and often collision-free, paths between two given points in an arXiv:1209.3958v1 [nlin.AO] 18 Sep 2012 Euclidean space or a graph. Examples include ant-based optimisation of communication networks [15], approximation of a shortest path in experimental reaction-diffusion chemical systems [1], gas-discharge analog systems [35], spatially extended crystallisation systems [5], fungi mycelia networks [22], and maze solving by Physarum polycephalum [29].
  • Auction 14A Final Draft.Vp

    Auction 14A Final Draft.Vp

    OUR STAFF Stephen Album Paul Montz Director of Islamic & Early Indian Numismatics Director of World Coins Steve has been serving the Paul joined the staff in January numismatic community since 2011. He attended UC Davis 1960. In 1976 he began dealing from 1975-80, earning bachelor's nearly exclusively in Islamic and and master's degrees in Indian coins. He has authored Agricultural Science & several books including the Management and Agronomy, Catalogue of California Trade respectively. He began working Tokens, Volumes I & II in 1972 in the numismatic field in the and 1974 respectively. 1977 saw 1970's. In 1981, he founded the release of his complete rewrite of Marsden's Olde World Numismatics in Chico, CA, a business he Numismata Orientalia Illustrata, a guide to Islamic ran for 30 years, focusing on A-Z world coins, before and Oriental coins with values. In 1993 he published merging with Stephen Album Rare Coins. He has put A Checklist of Islamic Coins, which now in its second out price lists for many years and has been a fixture edition is the standard for collectors of Islamic coins. at major shows since the 1980's. Paul is a life Mr. Album is currently a senior fellow at the member of the American Numismatic Association Worcester College, Oxford, England, and in this and is a member of other organizations. He has been position has authored three of the ten volumes of the a contributing editor for the Standard Catalog of Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean (Museum) World Coins since 1998. Paul brings experience in beginning in 1999.
  • The Effect of Road Upgrading to Overland Trade in Asian Highway Network Ziyodullo PARPIEV ∗ Jamshid SODIKOV **

    The Effect of Road Upgrading to Overland Trade in Asian Highway Network Ziyodullo PARPIEV ∗ Jamshid SODIKOV **

    Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics 2008, 1 (2), 85-101. The Effect of Road Upgrading to Overland Trade in Asian Highway Network Ziyodullo PARPIEV ∗ Jamshid SODIKOV ** Abstract This paper investigates an impact of road upgrading and improvement on overland trade in 18 out of 32 Asian Highway Network member countries. A regression based cost model was developed. The results indicate that approximately 6.5 billion US dollars is required to upgrade and improve surface condition of the selected roads with total length of 15,842 km. The gravity model approach was adopted to quantitatively evaluate overland trade expansion assuming pessimistic and optimistic scenarios: improvements in road quality indices up to 50 and up to 75, respectively. The results suggests that in the first scenario total intra-regional trade will increase by about 20 percent or 48.7 billion US dollars annually, while second scenario predicts that trade will increase by about 35 percent or 89.5 billion US dollars annually. Keywords: Asian Highway Network, road transport, gravity model. Jel Classification: F12, F15, F17. ∗ Advisor-Economist, UNDP Uzbekistan Country Office, Email: [email protected] ** Chief Engineer, Road Research Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan The views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of organizations the authors are associated with. Ziyodullo PARPIEV & Jamshid SODIKOV 1. Introduction In 1992, the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) endorsed the Asian Land Transport Infrastructure Development (ALTID) project comprising of the Asian Highway and the Trans-Asian Railway network. The formalization of the Asian Highway, through the Intergovernmental Agreement on Asian Highway Network (AHN), was adopted in November 2003.
  • Growing Together Articulates a Number of Proposals That Can Help the Region Exploit Its Huge Untapped Potential for Regional Economic Integration

    Growing Together Articulates a Number of Proposals That Can Help the Region Exploit Its Huge Untapped Potential for Regional Economic Integration

    i Photo by Warren Field ii FOREWORD For the global economy, these are difficult times. The world is emerging from a crisis whose aftershocks continue to resonate – trapping some of the richest economies in recession and shaking the foundations of one of the world’s major currencies. Here at ESCAP, there are historical echoes. What is now the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific was founded more than 60 years ago – also in the aftermath of a global crisis. The countries of Asia and the Pacific established their new Commission partly to assist them in rebuilding their economies as they came out of the yoke of colonialism and the Second World War. The newly established ECAFE, as ESCAP was called then, held a ministerial conference on regional economic cooperation in 1963 that resolved to set up the Asian Development Bank with the aim of assisting the countries in the region in rebuilding their economies. Fifty years later, the Asia-Pacific region is again at a crossroads, on this occasion seeking ways and means to sustain its dynamism in a dramatically changed global context in the aftermath of a global financial and economic crisis. An important change is the fact that, burdened by huge debts and global imbalances, the advanced economies of the West are no longer able to play the role of engines of growth for the Asia-Pacific region that they played in the past. Hence, the Asia-Pacific region has to look for new engines of growth. The secretariat of ESCAP has argued over the past few years that regional developmental challenges, such as poverty and wide disparities in social and physical infrastructure, can be turned into opportunities for sustaining growth in the future.