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Application Case on Chenab Bridge Arch Base Plates

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Application Case on Chenab Bridge Arch Base Plates CONTENTSISSUE XI SEPTEMBER 2018 TUNNELS Tunnel Blast Design / 17 Review of the Curing Compound And Application Techniques / 27 Saga of Tunnelling Construction on Udhampur-Srinagar- Baramulla Rail Link Project- Himalayan Wonder / 33 Toussaint-Heintzmann (TH) or Top Hat Steel Ribs- A Flexible Support System / 38 Bolte Joints / 50 Geotechnical Assesment of the Slope and Foundation Conditions for Piers No.A1, P1.P2 and P3 of Bridge No. 43, Katra-Banihal Rail Line Section, Reasi, J&K / 54 Consolidation Grouting of Strata Underneath Arch Foundation of Chenab Bridge Foundation S-40 location / 64 Piles and Micropiles / 71 Chenab Bridge-Iconic Bridge of Mighty River / 73 Installation of Supherical Bearings in Chenab Bridge BRIDGES Project / 80 The Cable Stayed Railway Bridge Crossing the Anji Khad Metal Grout System for 100% for cc Fit Gap Compensation River Along the New B.G. Railway Line Udhampur- in Steel Constructions-Application Case on Chenab Bridge Srinagar-Baramulla-J&K State,India / 42 Arch Plates / 89 Testing and Evaluation of Slip Factor in HSFG Turning of Deck Segments / 94 EDITORIAL EDITORIAL BOARD ASSOCIATE EDITORS CREATIVE EDITORS VIJAY SHARMA G.S. HIRA B.B.S. TOMAR R.K. HEGDE HUSSAIN KHAN Chief Administrative Financial Advisor & Chief Chief Engineer/North Chief Engineer/ Dy. CE/Design/USBRL Officer Accounts Officer/USBRL Coord./KRCL and SANDEEP GUPTA MATIN AHMED Editor in Chief RANDHAWA SUHAG Chief Engineer/South RAJINDER S. YADAV Secy. to CAO Chief Electrical Engineer/USBRL Executive Director/IRCON CAO/USBRL/JAT (Above): Bird’s Eye View of Trial Assembly Of Arch at Chenab Bridge Site (Below): Panoramic View of Chenab Bridge Site BRIDGES METAL GROUT SYSTEM FOR 100% FORCE FIT GAP COMPENSATION IN STEEL CONSTRUCTIONS - APPLICATION CASE ON CHENAB BRIDGE ARCH BASE PLATES 1. Abstract Steel to steel connections are widely prevalent in heavy industries. However, ensuring a 100% contact between the mating surfaces has been a challenge faced by design and fabrication engineers worldwide. Improper or non-100% contact surfaces severely affect the ability to transfer design loads and leads to a shorter life of the structure. Today a range of new metal grouting systems are assisting engineers and steel fabricators world-wide in solving this issue with minimum efforts. The case of the Chenab Bridge Arch base plates has been used to illustrate the method as well as the benefits of the system when compared with traditional and prevalent methods. 2. Introduction India. MM1018 is a special formulation Steel connections are widely seen across any that can withstand 160N/mm2 compression heavy engineering construction, be they loads and has been proven to withstand bridges, power plants or process plants. environmental degradation with no impact Traditionally, these have been connected on performance. The material is suitable for together with a requirement of 100% use in gaps as small as 0.1mm and has been contact for complete designed load transfer. tested for performance up to 140mm Anuraag Srivastava (Manager-Technology: However, achieving a 100% contact has height by the German Federal Institute of DIAMANT Triumph been one of the most difficult and Construction Technology (DiBT). Metalliplastic Pvt. Ltd. India) expensive processes in the assembly of steel elements. 3. Problem Description In recent years, a lot of progress has The Chenab bridge project is the highest been made in materials science. New Railway Arch bridge in the world at a polymeric materials have been developed height of 359m from the bed level and a that allow high load transfer without 469m main arch span. The design calls for deformation like creep or shrinkage. These a 2 ribbed arch with steel trusses made of Dipl.-Ing. new generation formulations use very high concrete filled steel box segments. The Crasten Kunde strength fillers in a matrix that boasts of bridge is located in an area that is exposed (Manager Partner DIAMANT low creep, nearly zero shrinkage, ability to to temperature changes and moisture Metalliplastic withstand high cyclic loads and have no making corrosion protection a key GmbH,Germany) functional impact / degradation from requirement as well. environmental factors such as salt water, The concrete Arch base foundations UV Light, heat and rain. Another very support the entire arch. The Steel arch is important characteristic of these materials is seated upon 8 arch base plates, 4 on each the ability to use them directly on site side of the river Chenab. The arch base without the requirement of advanced plate is embedded in the concrete pillars. machinery or special tools. Each base plate has an area of One such material DIAMANT approximately 6.3m2. The Arch base plates MM1018 has been used on the Arch base are mated with the Arch base segments and plates of the Chenab Bridge project in stressed using Dywidag bars that pass into SEPTEMBER 2018 89 HIM PRABHAT BRIDGES plates prepared based on the gaps observed, however with no certainty of full contact. Most gaps have a varying profile which limits the use of these plates. In the case of the Arch base plate, the Dywidag bars would also hinder the placement of the shims and a possibility of gaps at the centre of the arch base plate cannot be eliminated. o Lead sheets: These are used since they take the shape of the metal plates but have a limitation of failing at higher loads and have poor creep properties. Image 1: View of 4 embedded arch base plates 3.3 Creep: By definition (sometimes called cold flow) is the the concrete pillars. The Arch base segments are steel box tendency of a solid material to move slowly or deform segments that are field fabricated and are prone to minor permanently under the influence of mechanical stresses. deflections due to manufacturing limitations. A non-full It can occur as a result of long-term exposure to high contact connection can therefore lead to the selective levels of stress that are still below the yield strength of the transfer of loads. This may lead to a situation of material. This is an important factor when using structural safety and hence forms a critical requirement. products and materials to fill gaps, especially for preloaded connections as creep may lead to a loss in 3.1 Gap creation tension force which in turn reduces the load capacity of The arch base segment is a box structure with stiffeners. the construction[1]. During the extensive welding process, steel is prone to heat related distortions. In the case of the Base segments, 4. Solution using DIAMANT MM1018 for gap due to the extensive use of stiffeners over a large surface compensation: area a 100% flat surface was not possible. The arch base plates embedded in the concrete are 4.1 Material Description: placed at an angle in all 3 planes of axis. This posed a DIAMANT MM1018 is a 2 component metal reactive further challenge to meet the 100% load transfer and resin system with high filled portions of diverse, mainly matched mating face requirements. The actual gap is also metallic powders. The product is available in a few dependant on the position of the Dywidag bars different versions based on application requirements. The protruding from embedded the Arch base plates. Fluid and Paste versions have been tested and acknowledged by the German Federal Institute of 3.2 Traditional methods of gap compensation Construction technology since January 2013 for the A number of techniques have been used traditionally to "100% force-fit gap compensation with respect to filling overcome these situations with each having a limitation unevenness and roughness between metal elements in for a project of this nature and scale. face plates, bridge bearings, railroads and steel elements o Machining: This requires the use of large milling as per General Approval Z3.822042/1/ [3]. machines that will have to be placed to machine the MM1018 has been proven to be a fast and plates in field. This is a very expensive and time economical alternative to wedge plates and shim plates consuming process when used on completely and other less resistant bonding materials. Currently it is horizontal connections. In the case of slanted the only gap filling material of its type with German connections this would be a major challenge since Government approval. both faces would need machining after studying final A number of other organisations world-wide have alignments. since done independent testing and made standard o Steel shims: This method makes use of custom steel guidelines for the use of MM1018 for their applications. HIM PRABHAT 90 SEPTEMBER 2018 BRIDGES 4.2.1 TABLE SUMMARISING A FEW OF THE TESTS CARRIED OUT: S. No. Certifying Authorit Tests Carried out 1 DiBT, (Federal Institute Physical and Chemical Construction Technology, (Density, E- Properties Germany) Modulus, Hardness, Compressive Strength, Shrinkage,Viscosity, Pot Life, Creep Coefficient, Thermal Expansion Co-eff.,Temperature resistance, Mixing ratio by weight) - Approval No. Z-3.82-2042 2 American Bureau of Validation Tests for use on Shipping on ABS Class Vessels / facilities. Approval No.16-HG1509022-1-PDA 3 iBAC (Institute for Pulsating Pressure load test Construction technology, Aachen, Germany) 4 Eiffel Deutschland Test of Flow behaviour in enclosed gap Stahltechnologie GmbH 4.2 Material characteristics: plate. In the case of the C shaped Arch base plate the The material has been tested widely for its characteristics. pumping was carried out from the lowest points Tests have included standard mechanical properties as against gravity with the vent points at the top. well as flow, creep, cyclic fatigue and marine Engineer's may also require data on environmental environment compatibility. conditions when working in extreme climatic conditions. 5. Application methodology: o Installation of inject and vent points and flow control There are 2 primary methods for the application of the valve connections - This is a simple accessory that material i.e.
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