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Download Download PLATINUM The Journal of Threatened Taxa (JoTT) is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles OPEN ACCESS online every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of artcles in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Communication Detection of hemoparasites in bats, Bangladesh Shariful Islam, Rakib Uddin Ahmed, Md. Kaisar Rahman, Jinnat Ferdous, Md. Helal Uddin, Sazeda Akter, Abdullah Al Faruq, Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan, Ausraful Islam & Ariful Islam 26 July 2020 | Vol. 12 | No. 10 | Pages: 16245–16250 DOI: 10.11609/jot.5466.12.10.16245-16250 For Focus, Scope, Aims, Policies, and Guidelines visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0 For Artcle Submission Guidelines, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-2 For reprints, contact <[email protected]> The opinions expressed by the authors do not refect the views of the Journal of Threatened Taxa, Wildlife Informaton Liaison Development Society, Zoo Outreach Organizaton, or any of the partners. The journal, the publisher, the host, and the part- Publisher & Host ners are not responsible for the accuracy of the politcal boundaries shown in the maps by the authors. Member Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 July 2020 | 12(10): 16245–16250 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) PLATINUM OPEN ACCESS DOI: htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.5466.12.10.16245-16250 #5466 | Received 14 October 2019 | Final received 06 July 2020 | Finally accepted 10 July 2020 C o m Detecton of hemoparasites in bats, Bangladesh m u n 1 2 3 4 5 i Shariful Islam , Rakib Uddin Ahmed , Md. Kaisar Rahman , Jinnat Ferdous , Md. Helal Uddin , c Sazeda Akter 6 , Abdullah Al Faruq 7 , Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan 8 , Ausraful Islam 9 & a 10 t Ariful Islam i o 1, 3,4Insttute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. n 1,3,4,10EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY 10018, USA. 2,5,6,7,8Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chatogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chatogram 4225, Bangladesh. 9Internatonal Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] (corresponding author) Abstract: A cross sectonal study was conducted (2010–2013) to determine the diversity of hemoprotozoa among bats of Bangladesh. Microscopic examinaton of blood smears (N=533; Pteropus medius (377), Rousetus leschenaulti (111), Megaderma lyra (45)) revealed 9% of bats (95% confdence interval CI: 7–12%) were positve for hemoprotozoa. The overall prevalence of hemoparasites among P. medius was 5% (n=20, 95% CI: 3–8%); where Babesia sp. was 3% (n=12, 95% CI: 2–5%) and Hepatocyts sp. was 2% (n=8, 95% CI: 1–4%). Moreover, 13% of R. leschenaulti were positve (n=14, 95% CI: 7–20%) where prevalence of Babesia sp. was 10% (n=11, 95% CI: 5–17%) and prevalence of Hepatocysts sp. was 3% (n=3, 95% CI: 1–8%). Twenty-nine percent (n=13, 95% CI: 16–44%) of M. lyra harbored hemoparasites, among which 20% (n=9, 95% CI: 10–35%) were Babesia sp. and 9% (n=4, 95% CI: 2–21%) were Hepatocysts sp. The study indicates bats remain important hosts for various zoonotc parasites and suggests further research. Keywords: Babesia, Bangladesh, Bat, Hemoprotozoa, Hepatocysts, prevalence. Editor: Bahar S. Baviskar, Wild-CER Society for Wildlife Conservaton, Nagpur, India. Date of publicaton: 26 July 2020 (online & print) Citaton: Islam, S., R.U. Ahmed, M.K. Rahman, J. Ferdous, M.H. Uddin, S. Akter, A.A. Faruq, M.M. Hassan, A. Islam & A. Islam (2020). Detecton of hemoparasites in bats, Bangladesh. Journal of Threatened Taxa 12(10): 16245–16250. htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.5466.12.10.16245-16250 Copyright: © Islam et al. 2020. Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of this artcle in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Funding: The present study was supported by USAID PREDICT project (cooperatve agreement number GHN-A-OO-09-00010-00) and Chatogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University. Competng interests: The authors declare no competng interests. Author details: Shariful Islam, wildlife veterinarian and epidemiologist, interested in zoonotc infectous diseases at human-animal interface; Rakib Uddin Ahmed, veterinary microbiologist; interested in animal diseases; Md. Kaisar Rahman, wildlife researcher and epidemiologist, interested in antmicrobial resistance and zoonotc diseases; Jinnat Ferdous, veterinary epidemiologist, interested in economic impact of zoonotc diseases; Md. Helal Uddin, veterinary epidemiologist, interested in animal welfare and conservaton of wildlife and infectous disease research in one health approach; Sazeda Akter, veterinarian and academician, interested in economic diseases of farm animals; Abdullah Al Faruq, veterinarian and academician, interested on molecular study of animal diseases; Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan, professor and epidemiologist, interests in epidemiology and ecology of infectous diseases in one health approach; Ausraful Islam, scientst, interested in epidemiology of infectous diseases, Emerging zoonotc pathogens and One Health and Ariful Islam, veterinary epidemiologist and disease ecologist, interested in understanding zoonotc infectous disease emergence, their ecology and evoluton at animal- human-environment interface. Author contributon: Conceptualizaton, validaton, project administraton, investgaton and supervision: AI and AI; Methodology and data curaton: RUA, MKR, MHU, SA, AAF, AI & AI; Formal analysis: SI & JF; Writng—Original draf: SI & JF; Writng—Review & editng: SI, JF, MMH & AI. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Acknowledgements: This study was made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for Internatonal Development (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats PREDICT project (cooperatve agreement number GHN-A-OO-09-00010-00). We thank the Bangladesh Forest Department and the Ministry of Environment and Forest for permission to conduct this study. We are also grateful to Internatonal Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), and its core donor, the Governments of Australia, Bangladesh, Canada, Sweden, and the UK for providing unrestricted support to icddr,b. We thanks to Peter Daszak, Jonathan H. Epstein, Kevin J. Olival, Melinda K. Rostal, Emily S. Gurley, Najmul Haider, Tapan Kumar Dey, Abdul Hai, Pitu Biswas, and Gafur Sheikh for their contributons to this study. 16245 J TT Detecton of hemoparasites in bats, Bangladesh Islam et al INTRODUCTION and beter management of human diseases related to bats. Maximum research has led on emerging viruses Bats, classifed under the order Chiroptera, have long in bats; however, bacterial and parasitc agents in bats been postulated to play an important role in arthropod have been least studied and most neglected. For a suppression, seed dispersal, and pollinaton. The rich beter understanding of parasitc pathogens in bats, we diversity in bat dietary habits assists in maintaining conducted this study to identfy the hemoparasites of ecosystem health. In Bangladesh, 31 bat species are bats in Bangladesh. found, three of which are fruit-eatng. Of all frugivorous bats, Pteropus medius and Rousetus leschenaulti are common and widely distributed in the country. The False MATERIALS AND METHODS Vampire Bat Megaderma lyra, largest of insectvorous bats, is also quite common and widespread in Bangladesh As part of a larger study through the United States (Khan 2001). Agency for Internatonal Development (USAID) Emerging Bats are associated with zoonotc transmission Pandemic Threats PREDICT project and associated of coronaviruses including severe acute respiratory Ecology of Nipah virus survey, we captured bats in syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), middle-east seven districts within or near human setlements across respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Ebola, Bangladesh (Figure 1). A total of 533 (P. medius 377, Nipah, and Hendra viruses (Calisher et al. 2006; Zhang R. leschenaulti 111, M. lyra 45) blood samples were & Holmes 2020), as well as malaria-causing protozoa collected randomly from bats during 2010 and 2013. like Plasmodium sp., Hepatocysts, Nycteria, and The methods of bat sampling, species identfcaton; Polychromophilus (Schaer et al. 2013). Among nine age, weight, sex, physiological, and reproductve status hemosporidian genera, Hepatocysts infects a wide determinaton were done based on PREDICT One Health range of hosts including primates, bats, ungulates, Consortum (2017) and Epstein et al. (2008). The bats and rodents, in additon to Plasmodium
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