Draft References

ABBREVIATIONS

A The Architect ABN Architect & Building News AJ Architects’ Journal B The Builder, from 1966 Building Bailey 1980 Keith Bailey, New Town: A Study of local building development 1790–1870 ( Historical Society, Wandsworth Paper 5), 1980 Bailey 1995 Keith Alan Bailey, ‘The Metamorphosis of Battersea 1800–1914: A Building History’, unpublished PhD Thesis (Open University), 1995 Bailey 2005 Keith Bailey, House building and builders in Wandsworth c1850-1915 (Wandsworth Historical Society, Wandsworth Paper 13), 2005 Bailey 2008 Keith Bailey, The Streets of Battersea. Their Names and Origins (Wandsworth Historical Society, Wandsworth Paper 17), 2008 Bailey 2010 Keith Bailey, Aspects of Battersea History 1770–1910 (Wandsworth Historical Society, Wandsworth Paper 18), 2010 Bailey unpub. Keith Bailey, ‘The Development of Building Estates in Battersea 1780– 1914’, unpublished paper Barker and Robbins T. C. Barker and Michael Robbins, A History of Transport, 1963 (vol. 1) & 1974 (vol. 2) Batten Key and Companion to the Plan of , with its Common and Environs, printed and sold by H. N. Batten, 1827 BBC Battersea Borough Council (records in Wandsworth Heritage Service) BDA Battersea Drainage Applications, Wandsworth Heritage Service and Wandsworth Borough Council, Department of Conservation, Design & Development BDCE Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 1 Draft Besant Walter Besant, London South of the Thames, 1912 BL British Library BN Building News Booth Charles Booth, Life & Labour of the People in London, 1902–3 edn Booth collection Original notebooks for Charles Booth’s survey, Archives Division of the Library of the London School of Economics and Political Science BPM Battersea Parish Magazine Buildings of Clapham The Buildings of Clapham, ed. Alyson Wilson (Clapham Society), 2nd edn, 2000 Burgess The Chronicles of Clapham ... being a selection from the reminiscences of Thomas Parsons ... with ... an introduction & sundry additions ... by J. H. Michael Burgess, 1929 BV Battersea Vestry (records in Wandsworth Heritage Service) CASOS Clapham Antiquarian Society, Occasional Sheets CERC Church of England Record Centre Colvin Howard Colvin, A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600– 1840, 3rd edn, 1995 Corris John Corris, ‘A Plan of Battersea Parish in the County of Surry’, 1787 (a ‘Correct Copy’ by William Ward in British Library, Add. Ms 78149,

Vol. MMDCCCXLIX/U) CSPD Calendar of State Papers, Domestic DBB Dictionary of Business Biography, ed. David J. Jeremy, 5 vols, 1984–6 DSR District Surveyors’ Returns in London Metropolitan Archives Edwards James Edwards, A Companion from London to Brighthelmston, in Sussex, 1801 EH English Heritage GEC The Complete Peerage, ed. G.E.C., 1910–59 GL Guildhall Library GLC Council Goad Goad Fire Insurance Plans of London in possession of the Survey of London and at WHS ILEA Inner London Education Authority Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 2 Draft ICE Institution of Civil Engineers ILN Illustrated London News LA Archives, Minet Library LCC London County Council LMA London Metropolitan Archives Loobey 2002 Patrick Loobey (ed.), Battersea Past, 2002 Loobey 2004 Patrick Loobey, Cinemas and Theatres of Wandsworth & Battersea, 2004 LPL Lambeth Palace Library LT Land Tax assessments, Surrey History Centre Lysons Daniel Lysons, Environs of London, 4 vols, 1792–6 MBW Metropolitan Board of Works Metcalf Priscilla Metcalf, The Park Town Estate and the Battersea Triangle (London Topographical Society Publication No. 121), 1978 NMR National Monuments Record ODNB Dictionary of National Biography OS Ordnance Survey maps of London, 1:1056 PA Parliamentary Archives Parish map Undated ms map of part of Battersea parish, c.1760 (in British Library,

Crace Maps, Portfolio XVI, no. 71) POD Post Office and other directories PP Parliamentary Papers PPR Principal Probate Registry Ramsey Sherwood Ramsey, Historic Battersea Topographical Biographical, 1913 RB Battersea ratebooks, Wandsworth Heritage Service RIBA Royal Institute of British Architects RO Record Office Rocque John Rocque, Survey of London, Westminster, and and the Country near Ten Miles Round, 1746 Roebuck Janet Roebuck, Urban Development in 19th-Century London: Lambeth, Battersea and Wandsworth 1838–1888, 1979 SBL School Board for London SHC Surrey History Centre, Woking Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 3 Draft Simmonds Henry S. Simmonds, All About Battersea, 1882 edn SLP South London Press SMB St Mary’s, Battersea Smith Eric E. F. Smith, Clapham, 1976 SOX Northants Record Office, Spencer boxes SWS South Western Star Taylor J. G. Taylor, Our Lady of Batersey, 1925 Tithe Tithe map and apportionment for Battersea parish, 1838 (in The National Archives, IR29/34/9, IR30/34/9) TNA The National Archives VCH The Victoria History of the Counties of England WAC Archives Centre WAM Westminster Abbey Muniments WBC Wandsworth Borough Council (records in Wandsworth Heritage Service) WBN Wandsworth Borough News WDBW Wandsworth District Board of Works (records in Wandsworth Heritage Service) WH Wandsworth Historian WHS Wandsworth Heritage Service, Battersea Library, Lavender Hill WP Wandsworth Planning & Building Control records, online and at Wandsworth Borough Council, Department of Conservation, Design & Development

Introduction (pp. x-xx)

1. J. E. B. Gover, A. Mawer, & F. M. Stenton (eds), ‘The Place Names of Surrey’, in Journal of the English Place-Name Society, vol.11, 1934, p.12 2. I. M. Stead, The Battersea Shield, 1985, pp.9, 47 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 4 Draft 3. Cartularium Saxonicum, ed. W. de G. Birch, vol.1, 1885, p.116: Codex Diplomaticus Aevi Saxonici, ed. J. M. Kemble, vol.1, 1839, p.43 4. Battersea’s early boundaries are discussed in Pamela Taylor, ‘Domesday Mortlake’, in Anglo-Norman Studies, ed. C. P. Lewis, no.32, 2010, pp.212–17 5. Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum: the Acta of William I, 1066-1087, ed. David Bates, 1998, p.874: A. G. Browning & R. E. G. Kirk, ‘The Early History of Battersea’, Surrey Archaeological Collections, vol.10, 1891, p.226: Taylor, pp.5–6, 20 6. R. Fleming, ‘Monastic Lands and England’s Defence in the Viking Age’, in English Historical Review, vol.100, 1985, pp.261–2: VCH Surrey, vol.1, pp.305–6 7. WAM, Westm. Dom., ff.4v.–5: Westminster Abbey Charters, 1066–c.1214, ed. E. Mason (London Record Society, vol.25, 1988), nos 169, 231 8. University Library, Department of Manuscripts, Kk.5.29, f.44 9. WAM, 27496–501, 27503–6, 27510–11 10. Ibid., 19906, 19923, 27513 11. TNA, SC6/HENVIII/6090; E315/215, f.45b: WAM, 1810 12. Surrey Taxation Returns, Surrey Record Society, vol.11, 1932, pp.83–4 13. WAM, Reg. Bk I, f.135; 1826A 14. Ibid., Reg. Bk I, f. 135 15. Kemble, vol.4, no.813, p.154 16. TNA, CP25/1/225/1, nos.13, 29 17. BL, Add. Ch. 8139: WAM, 27494: CUL, Kk.5.29 18. Cambridge University Library, Department of Manuscripts, Kk.5.29, marginal annotations: WAM, 27511, 27514 19. Cambridge University Library, Department of Manuscripts, Kk.5.29, f.46 20. Gover, Mawer & Stenton, p.14 21. WH, no.59, Winter 1990, pp.4–13 22. TNA, CP25/1/225/2, no.12: G. Rosser, Medieval Westminster 1200–1540, 1989, pp.20, 328 23. Pipe Roll 31 Hen II, 238; Curia Regis Rolls, V, pp.5, 201, 292–3; VII, p.239: Tim Tatton- Brown, ‘Reigate Stone at Battersea’, London Archaeologist, vol.9, no.6, Autumn 2000, p.160; idem, ‘The Quarrying and Distribution of Reigate Stone in the Middle Ages’, Medieval Archaeology, vol.45, 2001, pp.193–7

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 5 Draft 24. The Early Charters of the Augustinian Canons of Waltham Abbey, Essex, 1062–1230, ed. R. Ransford, 1989, pp.432–3 25. Curia Regis Rolls, V, pp.292–3; VII, p.320 26. TNA, JUST1/863, m.2: BL, Add. Ch. 8139 27. SHC, More & Molyneux of Loseley MSS, LM/334/2: TNA, CP 25/1/225/2, nos 13, 50 28. Rosser, pp.328, 330: VCH Surrey, vol.3, p.6 29. WAM, 23460, 23463 30. Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1391–6, 133 31. Barbara Harvey, Westminster Abbey and its Estates in the Middle Ages, 1977, p.206 32. BL, Add. Ch. 8139 33. WAM, Westm. Dom., f.167: TNA, CP25/1/226/13, no.339; CP25/1/229/47, no 33; CP25/1/230/52, no.15; CP25/1/230/53, no.54; CP25/1/230/54, no.89; CP25/1/231/62, no.97 34. WAM, 27494 35. Taylor, pp.45–7, who corrects the mistake (since repeated in ODNB sub Oliver St John), that Joan Roydon’s first husband was Sir William Holcroft 36. ODNB 37. Lucy Hutchinson, Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson, 1973 edition (ed. James Sutherland), p.284 38. Taylor, pp.69–81 39. The Auto-biography of Symon Patrick, Bishop of Ely, 1839, pp.27–41: ODNB 40. Taylor, pp.83–4 41. BV Mins, 22 Feb 1766 42. VCH Surrey, vol.4, 1912, p.8 43. Taylor, p.221: notes by Frank Smallwood on his copy of Taylor in LMA, ACC/2181/081, p.221, argue that he had often double-counted 44. Taylor, pp.62, 66, 214: SOX 270, lease of 1716 45. SHC, Z/378/2/39 (transcript from TNA, PROB 5/4762): Allegations for Marriage Licences issued by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, 1558–1669 46. Taylor, p.89 47. Sir Charles Petrie, Bolingbroke, 1937, p.104 48. Taylor, p.91 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 6 Draft 49. The Correspondence of Alexander Pope, ed. George Sherburn, vol.4, 1956, p.483: Reginald Berry, A Pope Chronology, 1988, pp.179-82 50. ODNB, sub Lady Diana Beauclerk: Taylor, p.92: GEC 51. SOX 270, leases of 1720–5 52. Rocque: Daily Advertiser, 18 Feb 1752 53. Joseph Friedman, Spencer House: Chronicle of a Great London Mansion, 1993, pp.31–3 54. Frances Harris, A Passion for Government: The Life of Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, 1991, p.349 55. Friedman, p.188 56. Dorian Gerhold, Wandsworth, 1998, p.29 57. Richard Milward, The Spencers at Wimbledon: 1744–1994, 1996, pp.21–2 58. SOX 231, deed of 23 April 1763 59. SOX 347: BL, Add. MS 75750: LMA, E/BOL/1, 2 60. BL, Add. MS 75750: SOX 347, deed of 3 June 1763 61. SOX 514, deed of Dec 1762 62. SOX 240, 514: BL, Add. MS 75750: LMA, E/BOL/5–10 63. Friedman, pp.344–5 64. BV Mins, 22 Feb 1766, 8 June 1767 65. WHS, D72/1, 5, 14 66. Milward, pp.50ff. 67. BL, Add. MS 75952, Joseph Allen to Lord Spencer, 17 Oct 1811 68. SOX 24, notice of 16 Feb 1792; SOX 216, law report of Nov 1796 69. SOX 514, letter of Thomas Harrison, 15 May 1794 70. The Correspondence of Jeremy Bentham, ed. Alexander Taylor Milne, 1981, vol.5, p.218 71. Gerhold, p.30 72. SOX 261/1, deeds of 1814: Minister Archives, W/k/p153 73. SOX 255, notes on Thomas Dyke’s proposals for St John’s Place 74. SOX 255, bundle on Ford’s premises 75. BL, Add. MSS 75952–3 76. George Macaulay Trevelyan, Lord Grey of the Reform Bill, 1920, p.214 77. Ellis Archer Wasson, Whig Renaissance: Lord Althorp and the Whig Party 1782–1845, 1987 78. Boyd Hilton, The Age of Atonement, 1988, p.239 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 7 Draft 79. Wasson, pp.328–9 80. F. M. G. Wilson, A Strong Supporting Cast: The Shaw Lefevres 1789–1936, 1993, p.64 81. SOX 261/2: see also PA, SLF/11/8 82. , 22 Sept 1827, p.3; 21 Dec 1827, p.2; 22 March 1828, p.1; 27 March 1828, p.2 83. PA, SLF/11/21, March 1835 84. SOX 261/2, papers of 1835–6 85. WHS, D72/2 86. Milward, p.74 87. Ibid., pp.74–8 88. Taylor, p.221 89. Bailey 1980, p.6 90. Barker & Robbins, vol.1, pp.391–2: Simmonds, p.38 91. SOX 270, leases of 1716 and 1720: Taylor, p.410 92. 4 Geo I, c.4 (private) 93. Taylor, pp.96, 315 94. Daily Advertiser, 18 Feb 1752: London Evening Post, 25–27 Sept 1760: London Chronicle, 30 Sept–2 Oct 1760 95. ODNB 96. WHS, D72/40/7 97. LMA, B/PBB/1: WHS, D72 98. WHS, D72 99. LMA, BC/B/18 100. B, 16 Nov 1844, p.575 101. 9 & 10 Vic, c.39: PA, HC/CL/PB/2/31/28, evidence of Charles Lee 102. B, 13 June 1857, p.342 103. Daily News, 13 Aug 1857 104. B, 7 May 1870, p.372 105. MBW Mins, 30 May 1879, p.757: David Owen, The Government of Victorian London 1855– 1889, 1982, pp.121–2: Simmonds, pp.71–4 106. 27 & 28 Vic, c.235 107. Simmonds, p.69 108. Charles S. Dunbar, Tramways in Wandsworth and Battersea, [1971]: Simmonds, pp.180–1 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 8 Draft 109. SOX 261/2 110. Taylor, p.197: LMA, DW/S/019, 022 111. CSP Dom, Charles I, 1639–40, p.2 112. WAM, 27503, 27505: TNA, SC6/1010/21 113. Taylor, pp.93, 221–2 114. W. Carew Hazlitt, English Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases, 1869, p.143 115. ODNB: Elizabeth Lane Furdell, The Royal Doctors, 1485–1714, 2001, p.90 116. The Spectator, 11 Aug 1712: Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica, vol.2, 1787, p.227 117. Michael McGarvie & John Harvey, ‘The Revd George Harbin and his Memoirs of Gardening 1716–1723’, in Gardening History, vol.11, no.1, Spring 1983, pp.21, 25 118. POD: Taylor, p.199 119. Richard Bradley, New Improvements of Planting and Gardening, 5th edn, 1726, pp.149, 280, 294, 407 120. John Timbs, ‘Curiosities of Battersea’, The Leisure Hour, 1 June 1868, p.110 121. The World, 23 May 1794 122. Samuel Foote, The Mayor of Garratt, Act II 123. Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica, Vol.2, 1787, p.227 124. Lysons, vol.1, p.xx: Taylor, p.93 125. William Stevenson, General View of the Agriculture of the County of Surrey, 1813 edn, p.417 126. William, James & Jacob Malcolm, General View of the Agriculture of the County of Surrey, 1794, p.53 127. Owen Manning & William Bray, The History and Antiquities of the County of Surrey, vol.3, 1814, p.328 128. BL, Add. MS 75953, Aug 1813 129. Timbs, p.110: Edward Wedlake Brayley, A Topographical History of Surrey, vol.3, 1850, p.447 130. Poupart Post, Centenary Issue, Summer 1995: Railway Magazine, March–April 1944, pp.110, 117–8 131. www.oldbaileyonline, 24 Oct 1787 132. Malcolm, pp.31–2, 35 133. A. G. Parton, ‘The 1801 Crop Returns for the County of Surrey’, Surrey Archaeological Collections, vol.64, 1967, p.121 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 9 Draft 134. LMA, E/BOL/17: WH, no.13, Dec 1975, pp.12–13 135. Charles L. Graves, The Life and Letters of Sir George Grove, C.B., 1903, p.5 136. Malcolm, pp.48–9 137. SOX 261/2, note on Battersea tithes 138. PA, HCCL/PB/2/21/54, evidence of Francis Fuller, 26 May 1853 139. LMA, SKCS 919 (Reports relating to the Sewage with Reference to the Observations of the Poor Law Commissioners, 1843, pp.41–2): MBW Mins, 2 Nov 1877, pp.475–6 140. http://carlyleletters.dukejournals.org, Carlyle to John Stirling, 23 Feb 1843 141. SOX 24, note from Thomas Harrison, 1792 142. LMA, SKCS 47 143. BV Mins, 22 Feb 1766, 8 & 22 June 1767: SOX 255, 20 Nov 1767 144. BV Mins, 24 & 30 April 1810: Peter Jefferson Smith, Transactions of the Newcomen Society, vol.74, 2004, pp.131–46 145. LMA, SKCS 919, pp.41–2; also SKCS 71 and PR/4 146. BV Mins, 9 Dec 1852 147. MBW Mins, 12 Sept 1856, p.463; 14 Feb 1862, pp.132–3 148. BN, 10 July 1857, p.711; 17 July 1857, p.747; 1 Oct 1858, p.974; 15 Oct 1858, pp.1033–4 149. MBW Mins, passim, e.g. 1 Aug 1856, pp.381–2; 12 June 1857, p.455 150. The Times, 5 Sept 1865, p.8 151. MBW Mins, 9 June 1865, pp.687–8; 4 Aug 1865, p.939; 3 Nov 1865, pp.1189–90; 23 March 1866, p.384; 4 Oct 1867, p.1160 152. BV Mins: Taylor, p.270: Roebuck, pp.12–13 153. Harold Griffin, Forty Years of Local Government in Battersea, 1856 to 1896, n.d., p.3 154. 50 & 51 Vic, c.17: Griffin, pp.4, 14, 17–19 155. Sean Creighton, ‘From Exclusion to Political Control: Radical and Working Class Organisation in Battersea, 1830s–1918’, History & Social Action Publications, PDF Monograph Series, no.7, 2004: SWS, 24 March 1894, p.8 156. William , John Burns: Labour’s Lost Leader, 1950, p.259: Census, 1871 157. The Idler, vol.2, 1892–3, p.670: Kent, p.6 158. BL, Add. MS 46288 159. BL, Add. MS 46310 160. William Stephen Sanders, Early Socialist Days, 1927, pp.14–15 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 10 Draft 161. The Times, 21 Jan 1887, p.10 162. Chris Wrigley, ‘Liberals and the Desire for Working-Class Representatives in Battersea, 1886–1922’, in Kenneth D. Brown (ed.), Essays in Anti-Labour History, 1974, pp.126–58 163. Booth collection, B64 164. Kent, p.363 165. SWS, 5 Feb 1926, p.4 166. Sanders, pp.71–2: Griffin, p.22 167. Mike Squire, Saklatvala: A Political Biography, 1990, p.62 168. Wrigley, pp.140–1 169. Social Democrat, vol.4, 1900, pp.364–7; vol.5, 1901, p.53 170. Chris Wrigley, Changes in the Battersea Labour Movement 1914–1919, Department of Economics, Loughborough University, 1977 171. Squire, pp.68–97: Marc Wadsworth, Comrade Sak, A Political Biography, 1998, pp.32–51: Barry Kosmin, ‘Political Identity in Battersea’, in Sandra Wallman (ed.), Living in South London: Perspectives on Battersea 1871–1981, 1982, p.29 172. Douglas Jay, Change and Fortune, 1980, pp.154–9

CHAPTER 1 (pp. xxx-xxx)

Public Buildings

1. BV Mins, 25 Nov 1777, 8 April 1841, 24 May 1859, 11 Aug 1863: Census 2. BV Mins, 25 March 1841, 8 April 1841, 25 March 1845 3. Roebuck, pp.52–3 4. BV Mins, 27 April 1886 5. WHS, WDBW/1/2/1; WDBW, Annual Report, 1885–6, p.36: Municipal Journal, 25 May 1906, p.562 6. 50 & 51 Vic, c.17 7. Contract Journal, 9 May 1906, supplement 8. BV Mins, 8 Nov 1886

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 11 Draft 9. BV Mins, 21 Jan 1896; BV, Annual Report, 1896, p.91 10. BV, Annual Report, 1896, pp 92-3; BV Mins, passim: Contract Journal, 30 May 1906, supplement 11. BV, Annual Report, 1896, pp.90–1 12. BV, Annual Reports, 1898–1900: Contract Journal, 30 May 1906, supplement 13. Builders' Journal and Architectural Record, 2 Feb 1898, p.552 14. TNA, HLG1/46/9 15. The Times, 18 Sept 1902, p.12, 26 Sept 1902, p.10 16. WBC Mins, 10 Oct 1972, 15 July 1975, 8 Feb 1978, 13 May 1980 & 4 Dec 1985 17. WDBW Mins, 1855–6: WDBW, Annual Report, 1885 18. WDBW Mins, 5 & 12 May 1858; WDBW, Annual Report, 1859 19. WDBW Mins, 10 Nov 1858: Census: POD: RB 20. WDBW Mins, 1873–6: WDBW, Annual Reports, 1871–6: WHS, Battersea extra building plans, 732A; BP/6/5/1166, 1277, 1311, 1406 21. BV Mins, 13 March 1888, 25 July 1889, 9 Nov 1892 22. BV, Annual Report, 1896, p.107 23. http://www.regal-network.com/chm/files/pdf/british_holiness_movement.pdf: Loobey 2004, pp.58–9: POD 24. BV Mins, 30 Sept 1853: 14 & 15 Vic, c.77 25. BV Mins, 26 Jan 1854 etc 26. BV Mins, 3 Feb 1854, 7 Aug 1857 27. TNA, WORK1/55: WHS, Lammas Hall Minute Book, 3 & 31 Aug 1858: Tithe 28. WHS, Lammas Hall Minute Book, 1858–9 29. LMA, SC/PHL/01/034; GLC/AR/BR/14: WHS, Lammas Hall Minute Book, 1 Feb, 29 March 1859 30. WHS, Lammas Hall records, BP/5/1, 22-26, 49-56, 58, 64, 67–72, 126 31. WHS, Lammas Hall Minute Book, 28 June, 16 Aug 1859; BV Mins, 27 Oct 1863; BP/5/71 32. WHS, BP/5/1: B, 15 July 1871, p.555 33. LMA, P70/MIC/111 34. BV Mins, 25 Oct & 4 Dec 1880, 14 Sept 1882, 12 July & 13 Dec 1883: Battersea Churchwardens and Overseers mins, BP/1/5/6–8: B, 1 March 1884, p.323 35. BV Mins, 26 Sept 1878 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 12 Draft 36. BV Mins, 6 March & 3 April 1879: B, 15 March 1879, p.291 37. BV Mins, 8 & 15 April 1879 38. WHS, BP/6/5/610, 774, 788 39. BV Mins, 13 Dec 1879, 26 Sept 1880 40. TNA, BT31/2996/16862; C26/50 41. B, 30 Sept 1882, p.447, 25 Nov 1882, p.701, 17 Mar 1883, p.359 42. WP 43. B, 25 Nov 1882, p.701; 17 March 1883, p.359 44. TNA, C26/50: B, 19 April 1884, p.562 45. The Times, 25 Jan 1888, p.13 46. WHS, Town Hall Committee Mins, 22 June, 13 July & 11 Sept 1888: BV Mins, 21 Nov 1888 47. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 5 & 19 June 1891 48. WHS, BP/6/5/1177; Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 5, 19 & 26 June 1891 49. BV Mins, 8 July 1891 50. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 24 July, 4 Sept 1891 51. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 26 June, 24 July, 4 Sept & 30 Oct 1891 52. Roger H. Harper, Victorian Architectural Competitions, 1983, p.131 53. WBN, 14 Feb 1908, p.3: Harper, p.106: London’s Town Halls: The Architecture of Local Government from 1840 to the Present, 1999, pp.18, 21, 23, 56–7 54. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 16 Nov 1891: BN, 13 Nov 1891, p.703, 11 Dec 1891, pp.817–18 55. BN, 11 Dec 1891, pp.817–8, 18 Dec 1891, p. 865 56. B, 19 Dec 1891, p.489 57. WHS, PLANS/90 58. WHS, BP/6/5/1178 59. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 10 Feb 1892 60. BV, Annual Report, 1892, p.102: Contract Journal, 16 May 1906, supplement 61. BV, Annual Report, 1892, p.104 62. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 4 Dec 1891 63. Ibid., 18 Dec 1891, 4 March & 22 April 1892 64. BV Mins, 23 Sept 1891: WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 30 Oct 1891 65. BV Mins, 14 Nov 1894: BV, Annual Report, 1894, p.78 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 13 Draft 66. Harold Griffin, Forty Years of Local Government in Battersea, 1856 to 1896, pp.17–18, 20 67. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/23/37-39: WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 15 Nov & 9 Dec 1892, 3 & 17 Feb 1893; BV Mins, 31 Oct 1894: B, 25 Nov 1893, p.393: Academy Architecture 1893, p.18 68. BV, Annual Reports, 1894, p.80; ‘Inauguration of Municipal Buildings’, opening programme, 1893, pp.12–26 69. BV, Annual Reports, 1894, p 81: WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 19 May, 23 June, 18, 21 & 27 July, 9 & 11 Aug 1893, and Subcommittee Mins, 23 Aug, 13 & 21 Sept 1893 70. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 22 July, 23 Sept & 7 Oct 1892, 22 March 1893; BV Mins, 31 Oct 1894; BV, Annual Report, 1894, pp.78, 80–1 71. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 15 Nov & 9 Dec 1892, 2 May, 23 June & 13 Oct 1893 72. BV Mins, 13 Jan 1897: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/23; LCC/MIN/10775 73. Census, 1891 74. The Times, 17 Jan 1938, p.14 75. http://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/grove/art/T059340: information supplied by Dr Catherine Moriarty 76. B, 25 Nov 1893, p.402: BA, 17 Nov 1893, p.346 77. The Times, 16 Nov 1893 p.5: WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 19 May 1893 78. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 22 Sept 1893; BV, Annual Report, 1894, pp.79, 84: BA, 17 Nov 1893, pp.345–53 79. BV Mins 80. BV Mins, 30 May 1893, 25 April & 14 Nov 1894: The Times, 19 Dec 1894 p.6, 17 May 1897, p.11: Metropolitan Borough of Battersea, Official Guide, 1938 edn 81. BV, Annual Report, 1896, p 104: BV Mins, 10 April & 23 Oct 1895: DSR 82. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 3 Nov 1893, 9 Oct 1897, and Subcommittee Mins, 13 Sep 1893; BV Mins, 21 June & 10 Aug 1897 83. Griffin, p.20 84. BBC Mins, 27 June 1900 85. BV Mins, 2 June, 10 Aug 1897: WHS, BP/6/5/1655: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/23; GLC/AR/BR/ 9/23/51–55; LCC/MIN/10775 86. BV, Annual Report, 1900, p.66 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 14 Draft 87. WHS, PLANS/91 88. WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 22 Sept 1893 89. BV Mins, 13 June & 12 Dec 1900: BBC Mins, 28 Nov 1900, 11 Sept 1901: LMA, LCC/MIN/10775 90. Haworth Tompkins Architects, Conservation Management Plan: Battersea Arts Centre, June 2012: Galpin Society Journal, vol.50, March 1997, pp.301–2 91. LMA, LCC/MIN/10775 92. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/23/28–31, 57–59, 61; GLC/AR/BR/07/23 93. BBC Mins, 28 Jan 1959 94. WBC Mins 12 July 1980: LMA, LMA/ 4460/01/67/001, June–Oct 1967: Haworth Tompkins Architects, Conservation Management Statement: Battersea Arts Centre, June 2012, p.34 95. LMA, LMA/4460/01/67/001 (H.G. Bickers to , 15 July 1967): The Times, 3 Oct 1960, p.6 96. The Times, 18 Sep 1968, p.1 97. WBC Mins, 15 Dec 1970, 21 Dec 1971, 10 Oct 1972 98. WP: information from Julian Bicknell 99. WBC Mins, 15 July 1980 100. WP 101. Haworth Tompkins Architects, Conservation Management Statement: Battersea Arts Centre, June 2012, p.8: WP 102. POD: BBC Mins, 28 Jan, 23 Sept 1959, 20 July 1960, 5 May 1961 103. WP 104. BV Mins, 9 Nov 1882: WHS, Churchwardens and Overseers Mins, 23 July, 11 Oct 1883; MBB/5/1/2 105. MBW Mins, 25 Feb 1887, p.317: WHS, BP/1/13/1 106. WHS, Battersea Commissioners for Public Libraries and Museum, Annual Report, 1887– 8 107. SWS, 12 Jan 1889, p.3 108. B, 10 Nov 1888, p.333: BN, 9 Nov 1888, pp. 599-600: WHS, BP/1/13/1.2 109. B, 10 Nov 1888, p.333

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 15 Draft 110. BN, 9 Nov 1888, p.599: WHS, Battersea Commissioners for Public Libraries and Museum, Annual Report, 1888–9 111. B, 8 Dec 1888, p.414 112. SWS, 4 May 1889, p.5: The Times, 27 March 1890, p.6: SWS, 29 March 1890, p.3: WHS, BP/1/13/1/3 113. WHS, Battersea Commissioners for Public Libraries and Museum, Annual Reports: Pall Mall Gazette, 14 April & 30 May 1890 114. WHS, BP/1/1/25–29, 6/5/1439, 2245; MBB/1/1-6; PLANS/8; Battersea Public Libraries, Annual Reports, 1896–7 & 1900–1: Contract Journal, 23 May 1906, pp.1138–9 115. WHS, plans: LMA, 4278/01/1/47: WBN, 18 Sept 1992, p.1, 25 March 1994, p.10, 13 June 1997, p.2 116. TNA, ED64/126: WHS, PLANS/8: W.A. Briscoe, Library Planning, 1929, pp.30–1, 118 117. EH Archives Centre, Pat Bailey, ‘Battersea Reference Library: A History and Architectural Appreciation’, typescript, c.1985: WHS, PLANS/8: BBC Mins, 19 Dec 1923, 23 Jan 1924; The Tribunal (reprint of the journal of the No-Conscription Fellowship, 1916-20), New York, 1970, p. 24: Concise Encyclopedia of the Original Literature of Esperanto, ed. Geoffrey Sutton, 2008, p. 66 118. WHS, MBB/2/14/3 119. WHS, Battersea Commissioners for Public Libraries and Museum, Annual Report, 1895– 6: B, 10 Nov 1922, p.699, 29 Dec 1922, pp.989, 995, 998-9, 1001, 4 July 1924, p.17 120. WHS, Battersea Commissioners for Public Libraries and Museum, Annual Reports, 1887–8, 1888–9, 1896–7; BV Mins, 22 Sept 1897: LMA, MBW/BA/39315; GLC/AR/BR/14/8: Contract Journal, 23 May 1906, p.1138 121. TNA, ED64/126: LMA, LMA4728/01/1/47 122. WP 123. TNA, WORK16/13/19 124. BN, 19 June 1891, p.839: WHS, Battersea Commissioners for Public Libraries and Museum, Annual Reports, 1889–90, 1890–1 & 1898–9 125. WHS, Battersea Public Libraries, Annual Report, 1902, p.7 126. WP: WBC Mins, 25 July & 14 Nov 1972, 13 Feb 1973 127. WP

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 16 Draft 128. WHS, Battersea Libraries, Annual Reports, 1901–7; PLANS/84; BBC Mins, 1901–2: Lloyd’s Weekly News, 2 Sept 1902: Daily Chronicle, 9 March 1904: Wandsworth and Battersea District Times, 13 Jan 1905 129. WHS, Battersea Libraries, Annual Report, 1906–7: The Tribune, 29 September 1906 130. Municipal Journal, 5 Oct 1906, pp 1053–4: London Argus, 6 October 1906 131. Daily Graphic, 19 October 1906 132. WHS, Cuttings Book 1, passim; Battersea Libraries, Annual Report, 1906–7: Pall Mall Gazette, 4 Oct 1906, p.121: Daily Mail, 15 Oct 1906, 14 Feb 1907 133. WHS, Battersea Libraries, Annual Report, 1910–11 134. WBN, 7 June 1968, p. 5 135. BV, Annual Report, 1899, p.xx; SWS, 6 Feb 1948; LMA, LMA/4278/01/147 136. WHS, plans 137. Ibid. 138. WP 139. BBC Mins, 29 Jan & 16 July 1958: WHS, Cuttings Book 1, p.22: SWS, 8 Nov 1963, p.13, 1 Jan 1964, pp.2, 5: SLP, 16 Oct 1964, p.1: , 18 Aug 2006, obituary of Ian Walters 140. WP 141. BBC Mins, 30 Oct 1964: WBC Mins, 24 March 1981 142. WBC Mins, 21 March, 2 May, 30 Sept & 10 Oct 1972: WP 143. WP: WBC Mins, 24 Oct 1978, 9 Feb 1982 144. WP 145. BV Mins, 11 April 1872: Ian Gordon and Simon Inglis, Great Lengths: The Historic Indoor Swimming Pools of Britain, 2009, pp.62–3 146. BV Mins, 25 Oct 1877 147. B, 23 Jan 1875, p.79, 24 Jan 1880, p.113 148. WHS, BV, Baths and Washhouses Committee Mins, 1879–90; BV Churchwardens and Overseers Committee Mins, 20 July 1881, 4 Jan & 12 April 1882, July–Sept 1883; BV Mins, 9 & 23 March, 9 & 16 Nov 1882; HOW/66; WDBW/3/207: B, 22 Oct 1881, p.529, 8 April 1882, p.433, 6 May 1882, p.562 149. B, 26 Nov 1887, p.758, 3 Dec 1887, p.792 150. BV Mins, 1889–91, passim: Contract Journal, 26 May 1906, p.1139: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/1299 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 17 Draft 151. B, 14 April 1888, p. 272; L.T.C. Rolt, Holloways of Millbank: The First Seventy-Five Years, 1958, p. 5 152. WHS, 725.74 153. WHS, BP/1/12/2; BV Mins, 18 Dec 1889, 23 Nov 1898, 11 Jan 1899; BV, Annual Report, 1900, pp.89–90: Metropolitan Borough of Battersea, Official Guide, 1929 edn 154. TNA, HLG1/46/9: BV Mins, 27 Dec 1893, 26 Sept 1894, 12 June 1895, 10 June 1896, 13 Jan 1897: Contract Journal, 26 May 1906, p 1139 155. WHS, BP/1/12/6; BV Mins, 8 Dec 1897; BV, Annual Report, 1899, pp.103–4: Contract Journal, 26 May 1906, p.1137 156. WHS, MBB/2/2/5, 6, 7 157. Contract Journal, 26 May 1906, p.1139: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/1299 158. Contract Journal, 30 May 1906, supplement: WP 159. LMA, LMA/4278/01/147 160. WHS, Latchmere Baths, official opening brochure: WBC Mins, 24 March & 20 July 1981, 8 Dec 1982: The Guardian, 18 May 1983, p.18: WP 161. WP 162. BV Mins, 13 Feb 1895 163. TNA, HLG1/46/9 164. BV, Baths and Washhouses Committee Mins, 1897–8, passim 165. Builders’ Journal and Architectural Record, 12 Jan 1898, p.485: B, 8 Jan 1898, p.35 166. Harper, p.305: Gordon and Inglis, pp.55, 59, 60, 76 167. B, 8 Jan 1898, p.35: BN, 22 April 1898, p.563 168. Contract Journal, 26 May 1906, p.1139: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/1232 169. Contract Journal, 26 May 1906, p.1139 170. Builders’ Journal and Architectural Record, 12 Jan 1898, p 485 171. B, 8 Jan 1898, p.35: BN, 22 April 1898, p.563: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/1232 172. BV, Annual Report, 1900, p.90: BV Mins 173. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/0232 174. Builders’ Journal and Architectural Record, 12 January 1898, p 485 175. BV, Annual Report, 1899, pp.107–8: Contract Journal, 26 May 1906, p.1139: Michael Copeman, ‘The Public Baths and Wash-houses of London: 1840-1914’, MSc thesis, Heriot- Watt University, Edinburgh, 1994 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 18 Draft 176. BV, Annual Report, 1900, pp.92–3 177. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/0232 178. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/0232; GLC/AR/BR/07/0232/19/0232: WHS, MBB/2/2/5, 19 179. WHS, MBB/2/2/23 180. SWS, 12 March 1971; LMA, SC/PHL/02/0536-49 181. LMA, DW/OP/70/5: WHS, DEEDS/1019, 1021: B, 8 Nov 1873, p.896; 21 Nov 1874, p.964: DSR 182. LMA, LCC/PC/COR/003/02: LCC Mins, 2 Oct 1894, p.971 183. BV, Annual Report, 1891, p.85 184. LMA, LCC/PC/COR/003/02: BV, Annual Report, 1895, p.70: LCC Mins, 2 Oct 1894, p.971 185. BV, Annual Report, 1899, p.32: LMA, LCC/PC/COR/003/02, 03; LCC/MIN/12624; LCC Mins, 11 March 1902, p.402, 29 April 1902, p.608 186. Contract Journal, 16 & 30 May 1906, supplements 187. The Lancet, 18 Nov 1933, p.1189 188. LMA, LCC/PC/COR/003/03 189. Ibid. 190. Clare Graham, Ordering Law: The Architectural and Social History of the English Law Court, 2003, p.384: WP 191. LMA, 4278/01/138: London Gazette, 20 Nov 1900, cols.7161–2 192. WHS, BP/1/25-27; BV Mins, 1896–1900; BV, Annual Report, 1899, Appendix 14; BBC Mins, 1900–1: LMA, 4278/01/136, 142: Leslie Hannah, Electricity Before Nationalisation, 1979, p.161 193. Contract Journal, 23 May 1906, pp.1138–9: LMA, 4278/01/136, 142 194. LMA, 4278/01/142, 144: WHS, MBB/2/8/10: B, 5 Oct 1901, p.290: Contract Journal, 23 May 1906, pp.1138–9 195. LMA, 4278/01/142, 144: WHS, MBB/2/8/14, 16, 17: Institution of Engineering and Technology Archives, NAEST 047/108, 133: TNA, POWE12/287 196. Institution of Engineering and Technology Archives, NAEST 047/170 197. SWS, 31 March 1972, p.5 198. WP 199. WHS, MBB/2/8/14: LMA, 4278/01/141 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 19 Draft 200. LMA, 4278/01/141, 142 201. LMA, 4278/01/141 202. LMA, 4278/01/147 203. WP 204. WHS, BP/6/5/214, 412, 433, 433, 467, 474, 727, 991, 1494: DSR: LMA, SC/PHL/01/034: WP: POD 205. WHS, BP/6/4/2, 6/5/771, 958, 977, 988, 1002, 1243, 1245, 1262, 1530: DSR: Contract Journal, 16 & 23 May 1906, supplements: Municipal Journal, 25 May 1906, p.562 206. WBC Mins, 25 March 1975, 23 March 1976, 27 June 1978, 24 March 1981 207. BV, Annual Reports, 1890–99: WHS, BP/6/5/727: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/46369: Metropolitan Borough of Battersea, Official Guide, 1929 edn: Contract Journal, 30 May 1906, supplement, p. 4: WP 208. WHS, PLANS/77 209. Contract Journal, 30 May 1906, supplement 210. WHS, PLANS/72, 73: BBC Mins, 23 Jan, 13 Feb, 13 March 1901, 12 February 1902; Contract Journal, 23 May 1906, p.1139 211. WHS, PLANS/72, 73; BBC Mins, 27 Feb 1924, 27 Jan 1926, 23 Feb 1927: WP 212. BV, Annual Report, 1896, p.67 213. Contract Journal, 30 May 1906, supplement 214. BV Mins, 8 Nov 1859 215. MBW Mins, 12 June 1868, p.767, 8 April 1870, pp.377–8 216. LMA, MBW 914, 915 217. LMA, MBW 916, 917 218. LMA, MBW 2828 219. BV Mins, 13 Dec 1883, 14 Feb 1884 220. LMA, LCC/MIN/5977–84; GLC/AR/PL1/1/3: LCC Mins, 17 May 1892, p.439 221. LMA, LCC/MIN/5982 222. LMA, LCC/CL/FB/01/052: WP 223. LMA, LCC/CL/FB/01/052 and 053 224. LMA, LCC/CL/FB/01/053; LCC/MIN/5977–84 225. LMA, LCC/CL/FB/01/053; LCC/MIN/5980, 5984 226. LMA, LCC/CL/FB/01/053; GLC/PL1/1/2/22–39 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 20 Draft 227. Sally Holloway, London’s Noble Fire Brigades, 1833–1904, 1973, p.155 228. LMA, LCC/CL/FB/01/053; LCC/MIN/5988–90 229. LMA, LCC/CL/FB/01/052 230. LMA, LCC/CL/FB/01/053 231. LCC Mins, 27 Nov 1962, p.965: GLC Mins, 23 Sept 1975, p.578: WP 232. LMA, LCC/MIN/5977, 5979–80: TNA, WORK16/7/5 233. WP 234. LMA, LCC/MIN/5977, 5982–3, 5985: WHS, BP/6/5/1311 235. LMA, LCC/MIN/5989–90 236. LCC Mins, 23 March 1920, pp.603–4 237. LCC Mins, 26 April 1921, p.632; 1 Aug 1922, p 338; 24 April 1923, p.601: Metropolitan Borough of Battersea, Official Guide, 1929 edn, p.42 238. LMA, LCC/FB/01/052 239. The Times, 5 Oct 1938, p.11 240. LCC Mins, 5 Feb 1957, p.54; 8 March 1960, pp.164–5; 20 Dec 1960, p.777 241. MBW Mins, 12 July 1878, p.65; 3 Oct 1879, p.410: LCC Mins, 26 July 1904, pp.1735–6; 31 Oct 1905, p.1469; 26 May 1908, pp.1247–8 242. LCC Mins, 16 Dec 1958, pp.809–10; 20 June 1961, p.404; 3 July 1961, pp.459–60 243. Taylor, pp. 73, 75, 235, 254-61: Corris 244. Graham, pp.390, 391, 403-4: TNA, T1/13250, 15548 245. Hansard, HC Deb 24 July 1882 vol 272 cc1619-61 246. BV, Annual Reports, 1891, pp.87–9, 1893, p.98: BN, 1 July 1892, p.9: TNA, HO47/9667/A46382 247. WBN, 17 March 1939, p.3, 21 August 1959, p.10 248. TNA, MEPO5/52 (201): WHS, WDBW/1/2/1 249. TNA, MEPO2/578: B, 15 June 1867, p.438 250. TNA, MEPO2/578 251. Ibid. 252. Metropolitan Police Archives, MEPO 9/8 (plans): TNA, MEPO2/578 253. WP: TNA, MEPO14/27 254. TNA, MEPO2/192, 578 255. TNA, MEPO2/192, 578: BV, Annual Report, 1895, p. 51 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 21 Draft 256. TNA, MEPO2/192 257. TNA, MEPO2/192, 578 258. TNA, MEPO2/578 259. Information from Nicholas Long 260. Lloyd’s Weekly Newspaper, 25 March 1866 261. Census 262. WHS, BP/6/5/2011 263. WP: http://www.met.police.uk/dogsupport/index.htm 264. St Martin’s Le Grand, vol.8, 1898, pp.108–9: The Times, 25 March 1846, p.12: The Era, 14 Nov 1875 265. Royal Mail Archive, POST 30/2742A 266. BV, Annual Report, 1895, p.52 267. Royal Mail Archive, POST 30/2013A 268. TNA, WORK 13/554: Royal Mail Archive, POST 30/2742A 269. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/2316 270. OS: WHS, BP/6/5/2088; B388 FAL: EH Archive, Aerofilms, R1318 (L73), 57000 (L20), 57004 (L20) 271. Post Office Annual Report and Accounts, 1962, p.89: Royal Mail Archive, POST 30/2742A: WP 272. WP 273. BT Archives, TPF/2/13/9/2, TPF/2/13/10, f71: WHS, WDBW/3/181; BP/6/5/1477, 1708, 1741: POD: National Telephone Journal, June 1911, p.53: Post Office Engineering Department Techicnal Pamphlets for Workmen. Subject: C.B. Exchanges, 1926 274. National Telephone Journal, Feb 1910, p.238, July 1911, p.72 275. WP: Investors Chronicle, 2004, p.49 276. WP: POD: BT Archives, POST 33/2961C; TCB 417/E11711: E. T. Crutchley, G.P.O., 1938, p. 114; F. G. C. Baldwin, The History of the Telephone in the , 1925, p.688

CHAPTER 2 (pp. xxx-xxx)

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 22 Draft Buildings for Health and Welfare

1. Taylor, p.83n 2. York Minster Archives, W/j/f.117 3. BV, Churchwardens’ accounts book, 1796–1860: Tithe Map 4. LMA, WaBG/1, p.8 5. TNA, PROB11/1849 6. Dovedale Cottages, copy of Rules of Management from 1869: Simmonds, p.145: WHS, misc. file 362.5: EH, London historians’ file, WW118 7. WP 8. BV, ‘Poor Relief 1723–1732’, pp.331, 333 9. BV, Workhouse Expenditure 1733–1744’ 10. Ibid. 11. BV Mins, 16 April 1754 12. Ibid., 3 Feb–3 March 1791 13. Ibid., 5 Nov 1791 14. Ibid., 24 Nov, 10 & 31 Dec 1791; 5 Jan 1792; 16 Feb 1793 15. BV, Workhouse Committee Minutes 1791–8: LMA, WaBG/1, p.7 16. BV Mins, 30 Jan, 21 Feb 1818 17. WHS, D10/4 18. LMA, H01/ST/SJ: TNA, MH 66/144 19. LMA, WaBG/1, p.27 20. Ibid., pp.181, 193, 348, 399 21. Ibid., p.409 22. LMA, WaBG/2, pp.136, 184; WaBG/3, p.3 23. LMA, WaBG/3, pp.54, 60, 61 24. LMA, WaBG/9, pp.361–2: B, 19 May 1849, p.238: POD 25. LMA, WaBG/22, p.232 26. A, 16 July 1870, p.33 27. LMA, WaBG/41 28. The Hospital, 7 Oct 1899, pp.18-19

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 23 Draft 29. B, 22 Feb 1902, p.198; 22 March 1902, p.305 30. WBN, 22 Jan 1993, p.6 31. WP, 92/C/0354 32. BD, 16 Feb. 2007, pp.12–17 33. LMA, SC/PPS/93/5 34. Ibid. 35. LMA, A/KE/245/09 36. The Hospital, 30 Nov 1901, p.155: British Medical Journal, 1902, vol. 1, p.121 37. BPM, Sept 1908, p.15 38. LMA, SC/PPS/93/5 39. ABN, 5 Aug 1927, pp.221-3 40. ABN, 5 Aug 1927, pp.221–3 41. LMA, SC/PPS/93/5 42. Ibid. 43. WHS, Bolingbroke Hospital Centenary programme, pp. 9-10 44. BD, 18 March 2005, p.7: Evening Standard, 11 March 2005, p.10 45. www.arkbolingbrokeacademy.org 46. TNA, WORK 16/18/2 47. TNA, WORK 16/12/1 48. TNA, TS27/1083 49. LMA, A/KE/245/4 50. The Hospital, 26 July 1902, p.296 51. LMA, A/KE/260 (1) 52. TNA, TS 27/1083: WHS, The National Anti-Vivisection Hospital Annual Report, 1912: LMA, HO6/BG/A/1/2/1 53. LMA, HO6/BG/A/1/2/1; A KE/260 (1): BN, 2 July 1909, p.8 54. LMA, HO6/BG/A/1/2/1; A/KE/260 (1): TNA, TS 27/1083 55. LMA, A/KE/260 (1) 56. TNA, TS 27/1083 57. SLP, 22 July 1977, p.2, 8 Oct 1982, p.7, 7 June 1985, p.13: WBN, 3 April 1987, p.7 58. WAC, Mins of Governors and Directors of the Poor of St James’s Parish, Westminster, vol.34, p.186 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 24 Draft 59. WAC, D1743a 60. WAC, Mins of Governors and Directors of the Poor, vol.34, p.461; D1743a: B, 19 April 1851, p.249: www.workhouses.org.uk/StJames 61. WAC, D1743a 62. LMA, WaBG/60/1 63. LMA, WaBG/61/1, 62/1 64. LMA, WaBG/64/1, 65/1 65. BN, 9 Dec 1910, p.829: B, 9 Jan 1909, p.45; 27 Feb 1914, pp.249-51 66. LMA, LCC/AR/CB/3/5 67. The Guardian, 10 April 2001, p.20, obituary of Wain-Hobson 68. WBN, 15 Jan 1960, p.5 69. WHS, St James’ Hospital, Balham, pamphlet 1964 70. WHS, St James’s Estate Brochure: WP 71. BV Mins, 31 Oct 1844 72. WHS, 362.126 BAT 73. BN, 20 Aug 1886, p.270: B, 30 Oct 1886, p.649 74. TNA, MH52/145 75. WHS, Battersea Dispensary Annual Report, 1912 76. Janet Grierson, Isabella Gilmore, 1962, pp.122–3 77. LCC Mins, 15 Nov 1904, p.2675 78. The Times, 26 June 1905, p.8 79. BDA, Battersea High Street, Box 55 Misc 80. Christ’s College, Cambridge, archives, Katherine Low Settlement 1924–1944 (leaflet) 81. This account is based largely on correspondence, minutes and other papers relating to Christ’s College Boys’ Club in Christ’s College archives, inc. 1924–1944 Katherine Low Settlement (leaflet) 82. William C. Lipke, David Bomberg: a critical study of his life and work, 1967, p.xxx 83. Christ’s College, Cambridge, archives, annual report of Christ’s College Boys’ Club, 1944–5 84. Christ’s College, Cambridge, archives, Christ’s College Boys’ Club Minute Book, vol. 2, 19 Feb 1953 85. WP: www.egerarchitects.com/community/battersea-surestart Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 25 Draft 86. Nigel Scotland, Squires in the Slums, 2007, p.82 87. Caius College, Cambridge, archives, PPC/ESR 88. Ibid. 89. Ibid.: WHS, BP/6/5/1807, 1809

90. The Times, 14 March 1914, p.12: SWS, 13 March 1914, p.8 91. Wandsworth Guardian, 12 April 2012 92. Bailey, 2010, pp.5–14 93. 19 Geo III, c.74 94. WHS, Wandsworth Notes & Queries, VI, 1889, p.118, note of Wandsworth vestry meetings, June 1781 95. Pierre de la Ruffinière du Prey, , The Making of an Architect, 1982, pp.197–218: www.soane.org.uk/drawings 96. Bailey 2010, p.10: SOX 216 97. Janet Semple, Bentham’s Prison: a Study of the Panopticon Penitentiary, 1993, pp.108–9 98. SOX 240 99. SOX 216, 240 100. Semple, p.188 101. The Correspondence of Jeremy Bentham, ed. Alexander Taylor Milne, 1981, vol.4, pp.440– 68, 473–81; vol.5, pp.4, 195–7, 202, 205, 210–12, 214–23, 228–9, 232, 246–7 102. Ibid., vol.4, pp.454, 457, 458 103. Ibid., vol.5, pp.228, 246 104. Ibid., vol.5, p.247 105. Battersea Dogs’ and Cats’ Home, General Minutes, 1860–77 106. Survey of London, vol.29, 1960, p.283 107. Battersea Dogs’ and Cats’ Home, General Minutes, 1860–77 108. Reynolds’s Newspaper, 4 April 1886, p.4 109. WHS, BP/6/5/353 110. St James’s Budget, 10 Feb 1899, pp.18-19 111. The Story of the Temporary Home for Lost and Starving Dogs, c.1908, pp.12, 14, 16 112. Daily News, 17 Feb 1896, p.6 113. Battersea Dogs’ and Cats’ Home, General Minutes, 1903–10, p.186 114. Clough Williams-Ellis, Architect Errant, 1971, p.67 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 26 Draft 115. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/030299: Battersea Dogs’ and Cats’ Home, General Minutes, 1903–10, p.209 116. Battersea Dogs’ and Cats’ Home, Annual Report, 1978, pp.27–8 117. Ibid. 118. Battersea Dogs’ and Cats’ Home, General Minutes, 1903–10, p.331; Final Report of Building Sub-Committee, 1905–7 119. The Times, 17 Dec 1910, p.12 120. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/030299: The Times, 5 May 1965, p.6 121. Battersea Dogs’ and Cats’ Home, Annual Report, 1972, pp.11-12 122. Battersea Dogs’ and Cats’ Home, Annual Report, 1989, pp.18-19: AJ, 28 Feb 1990, p.12: WBN, 1 March 1991, p.1: The Times, 22 Feb 1990, p.40 123. Battersea Dogs’ and Cats’ Home, Annual Report, 1993, pp.12, 22, 24 124. Brick Bulletin, Summer 1998, pp.12-19 125. BCDH Archives, Annual Report, 1995, p.22 126. BCDH Archives, General Minutes, 27 March 1906, p.168 127. AJ, 28 Oct 2010: www.charlesknowles.com: www.battersea.org.uk

CHAPTER 3 (pp. xxx-xxx)

Churches and Chapels

1. Taylor, pp.398–408 2. Gazetteer & Daily Advertiser, 1 Aug, 7 Sept, 21 Oct, 3 Nov, 6, 16, 18 & 21 Dec 1780 3. BL, Add. MSS 75952–3: Ellis Archer Wasson, Whig Renaissance; Lord Althorp and the Whig Party 1782–1845, 1987, pp.10–11 4. BL, Add. MS 75953, 31 Jan 1831 5. BL, Add. MS 45730, fols.81ff. 6. Arthur Newton, Recollections and Reflections, 1940, p.29 7. BL, Add MS 77134, 12 Nov 1861

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 27 Draft 8. Graham Fuller, biography of Erskine Clarke, unpublished typescript, c.2008, kindly made available by the author 9. BPM, March 1920 10. BL, Add. MS 77122 11. Gill Hunter, William White: Pioneer Victorian Architect, 2010 12. WHS, BP/6/5/1789 13. R. Mudie-Smith, The Religious Life of London, 1904, pp.194, 253–5 14. Wesleyan Methodist Church Queen’s Road, Jubilee Souvenir and Programme 1882–1932, p.22 15. Christ Church vestry, Battersea Ruridecanal Chapter Minutes, 1939–48 16. CERC, CARE 37/283 17. Taylor, pp.20–1, 27. Full references to original sources given in Taylor are not cited for the account of the church before 1775 18. Ibid., pp.29–31 19. Ibid., pp.33, 35, 37 20. Ibid., pp.49–50 21. Ibid., p.55 22. Ibid., pp.62–6 23. Arnold Taylor, ‘The seventeenth-century church towers of Battersea (1639), Staines (1631), Crondall (1659) and Leighton Bromswold (?c.1640)’, Architectural History, vol.27, 1984, p.282 24. Taylor, p.71 25. Arnold Taylor, pp.282–5 26. Ibid., pp.283–4 27. Taylor, p.85 28. SOX 252, lease plan of 1774 29. BV Mins, 21 Dec 1771, 21 April 1772: SOX 252, lease plan of 1774: LMA, DW/OP/1778/4/B: London Evening Post, 12–14 Sept 1738: Taylor, pp.97–8 30. BV Mins, 7 Dec 1769 31. George Oliver, The History of Exeter, 1861 edn, pp.168–72 32. Daily Advertiser, 10 Feb 1778: Gazetteer & New Daily Advertiser, 18 Nov 1779: The World, 7 April 1787 33. BV Mins, 21 April 1772 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 28 Draft 34. WHS, BP/1/8/1, 20 Nov 1779 35. London Evening Post, 22–24 Sept 1774 36. BV Mins, 1770–3: SMB, brief for rebuilding church, 30 June 1773 37. 14 Geo III, c.95 38. WHS, BP/1/8/1, 18 & 27 June 1774 39. RIBA Drawings Collection, SC114/10/1–9: RIBA Archives, NeW/1/9/2–3: British Museum, Prints & Drawings, AN278404001 40. WHS, BP/1/8/1, 25 July 1774 41. Ibid., 3 Nov 1774 42. Ibid., 21 Jan 1775 43. Ibid., 18 & 25 Feb 1775 44. Ibid., 25 March, 2 May & 24 July 1775: SMB, articles for building, 2 May 1775 45. WHS, BP/1/8/1, 10 July 1775 46. Ibid., 24 June & 8 July 1776 47. Ibid., 6 March, 5 & 13 April 1776 48. Ibid., 1777 passim 49. Ibid., 13 Dec 1777 50. WHS, BP/4/1/5: Taylor, pp 284–5 51. BV Mins, 31 July 1823, 15 March 1824 52. LA, I/11313 53. Ibid.: Taylor, pp.281–2 54. WHS, BP/5/1, 19 May 1871: BPM, Nov 1876 55. BL, Add. MS 77122, 23 Jan 1872 56. Ibid., 26 March 1873 57. BPM, March 1875 58. SMB, St Mary Battersea, District of St Mary-le-Park Year Book 1895–1896, p.6 59. Taylor, p.278: BPM, April 1876 60. BPM, May 1876: WHS, The Re-arrangement and Re-seating of S.Mary’s Church, Battersea 61. LMA, DW/OP/70/5: BPM, Nov & Dec 1876 62. BPM, March 1877– May 1878, Jan 1879: BN, 8 March 1878, p.251: Taylor, pp.200, 296–9 63. Taylor, pp.299–302 64. Taylor, pp.301–2: CERC, ECE 7/1/19951 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 29 Draft 65. LMA, P70/MRY2/144: WHS, D125/4: information from Peter Campion 66. LPL, ICBS 12406 67. SLP, 23 Oct 1979 68. SMB, misc. papers 69. London Magazine, 1 Dec 2005 70. Taylor, p.275 71. Public Advertiser¸ 13 Aug 1782 72. The Times, 15 Nov 1878, p.6, 16 Nov 1878, p.10: BPM, Dec 1878 73. BPM, Aug 1876: Taylor, p.275 74. Taylor, p.274 75. Taylor, pp.136–69: SMB, misc papers 76. SMB, misc papers 77. Read’s Weekly Journal, 22 Sept 1753 78. London Evening Post, 7–10 Oct 1738 79. LMA, DW/OP/70/6 80. Taylor, p.275 81. SMB, misc papers 82. CERC, ECE 7/1/15991 83. TNA, PROB11/1701 84. CERC, ECE 7/1/15991 85. WHS, BP/4/1/6 (1828–9): SOX 255: BL, Add. MS 75953 86. CERC, ECE 7/1/15991 87. Gentleman’s Magazine, Aug 1828, pp.105-7: Victoria & Albert Museum, Prints & Drawings, 8751/1–14: CERC, ECE 7/1/15991 88. BL, Add. MS 75953, 31 Jan 1831 89. BV Mins, 1 May 1828, 30 March 1832 90. CERC, ECE 7/1/29248: LMA, DW/OP/70/3 91. CERC, ECE 7/1/430 92. Simmonds, p.96 93. BL, Add. MS 77122 94. LPL, ICBS 7741: LMA, DW/OP/70/3: B, 15 Aug 1874, p.697: Simmonds, p.96 95. The Rock, undated press cutting, c.May 1896 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 30 Draft 96. St George’s with St Andrew’s, papers, faculty of 2 May 1895: LMA, DR/CP/5: The Rock, undated press cutting, c.May 1896 97. LPL, ICBS 11166: CERC, ECE 7/1/15591 98. Edward Ezard, Battersea Boy, 1979, p.41 99. D. I. Williams, St George’s Through the Years, 1970: LMA, P70/GEO/65: St Saviour’s Church, file on St George’s site: Colin Allen, Transplanting the Garden, 1998, p.72 100. CERC, ECE 7/1/50592 101. Simmonds, p.96: MBW Mins, 13 Dec 1878, p.809 102. CERC, ECE 7/1/50592 103. CERC, ECE 7/1/50592: LPL, ICBS 8883: Basil F. L. Clarke, Parish Churches of London, 1966, p.199 104. SOX 212 105. CERC, ECE 7/1/50592: LPL, ICBS 8883: Booth collection, B292, pp.13–30 106. LPL, ICBS 12525 107. LMA, DS/F/1927/36: CERC, ECE 7/1/50592 108. ABN, 20 Dec 1956, p.816 109. LMA, P70/GEO/65: B, 3 Nov 1953, p.23 110. ABN, 20 Dec 1956, p.816 111. St George’s with St Andrew’s, papers at church 112. CERC, ECE 7/1/15137 113. ILN, 10 Feb 1849, p.96 114. Taylor, p.292 115. CERC, ECE 7/1/15137, 23355: B, 5 June 1847, p.271: ILN, 8 Sep 1849, p.165: Taylor, p.292 116. WHS, 726.58 117. CERC, ECE 7/1/15137 118. B, 11 Aug 1849, p.382: ILN, 10 Feb 1849, p.96; 8 Sep 1849, p.165 119. CERC, ECE 7/1/15138 120. LMA, DW/OP/70/2 121. Simmonds, p.99: MBW Mins, 7 Oct 1870, p.443 122. CERC, ECE 7/1/15137: Christ Church Battersea, Vestry minute book, 1930–6 123. CERC, CD 23355, 26278: LMA, DR/OP/5 124. CERC, ECE 7/1/15137 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 31 Draft 125. Christ Church Battersea, Parochial Church Council minutes, 6 Dec 1944 126. Christ Church Battersea, misc papers 127. The New Christ Church Battersea (pamphlet for opening ceremony, 1959): cutting from Daily Telegraph, c.14 April 1959: papers furnished by Canon Peter Clark 128. WP 129. ILN, 9 May 1863, p.503 130. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 34176 131. BL, Add. MS 77134 132. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 27573 133. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 27573: LPL, ICBS 5925 134. B, 5 April 1862, p.249; 9 Aug 1862, p.566 135. B, 9 Aug 1862, p.566: Simmonds, p.101: SWS, 28 April 1894, p.2 136. B, 9 Aug 1862, p.566 137. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 27573, 28241: LPL, ICBS 5925: SWS, 28 April 1894, p.2 138. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 27573, 34176: Simmonds, p.102: B, 17 Feb 1866, p.128 139. Simmonds, p.102 140. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 27573 141. Clapham Gazette, March 1865, p.39 142. CERC, ECE 7/1/36405 143. MBW Mins, 18 Jan 1867, p.85 144. MBW Mins, 17 April 1868, p.562: CERC, ECE 7/1/36405: St John the Baptist, Wimbledon, leaflet on church history 145. CERC, ECE 7/1/36405 146. Chad Varah, Before I Die Again, 1992, pp.131, 141, 149 147. LMA, P70/PET/81 148. CERC, CARE 37/283 149. LMA, DS/F/5 150. Metcalf, pp.30, 55 & Plate 5 151. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 40160: LPL, ICBS 6950 152. The History of the Church and Parish of St Philip Queen’s Road Battersea from 1869 to 1961, p.14 153. Metcalf, pp.33, 55: B, 6 March 1869, p.196 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 32 Draft 154. The History … of St Philip, p.15 155. LPL, ICBS 6950: LMA, DW/OP/70/9 156. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 40160: BL, Add. MS 77122 157. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 48829: BL, Add. MS 77122 158. Metcalf, p.55: SLP, 16 July 1870, p.4 159. Metcalf, p.36 160. LPL, ICBS 6950 161. The History … of St Philip, p.141 162. Simmonds, p.103 163. LMA, DR/F/1884/3; 1885/7 164. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 40160: The History … of St Philip, p.26 165. CERC, CARE 37/283 166. The History … of St Philip, p.126 167. The History … of St Philip, p.141: LPL, ICBS 12261 168. CERC, CARE 37/283; Advisory Board for Redundant Churches file 169. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 40160: BBP 2146 170. B, 22 Feb 1873, p.156 171. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 40160 172. CERC, ECE 7/1/40813/1 173. LPL, ICBS 8417: BN, 6 May 1870, p.346 174. CERC, ECE 7/1/40813 /1: LMA, DW/OP/70/10 175. B, 10 July 1869, p.554 176. LPL, ICBS 7028 177. ILN, 8 Jan 1870, p.35 178. CERC, ECE 7/1/40813 /1 179. LMA, P70/SAV/62 180. CERC, ECE 7/1/45368: Simmonds, p.106 181. LMA, P70/SAV/62 182. BN, 6 May 1870, p.346 183. CERC, ECE 7/1/44198 184. LPL, ICBS 9932

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 33 Draft 185. LMA, P70/SAV/63; DW/OP/70/10; DR/F/1896/5; DS/FO/1906/29: LPL, ICBS 9932: St Saviour’s Diamond Jubilee Handbook, 1931: St Saviour’s Battersea Park 1871-1971 186. LMA, P70/SAV/66: CERC, ECE 7/1/40813, Part 3 187. CERC, ECE 7/1/40813/3 188. CERC, ECE 7/1/40813/2: LMA, DW/OP/70/10; DR/OP/13/B 189. LMA, P70/SAV/86: St Saviour’s Church, files 190. St Saviour’s Church, files 191. Ibid. 192. BL, Add. MS 77134 193. LMA, DW/OP/70/5 194. B, 9 Feb 1867, p.100 195. WHS, St Luke’s, Battersea, parish magazine, Sept 1909 196. BL, Add. MS 77134 197. MBW Mins, 29 May 1868, p.752: POD 198. History of St. Mark’s Church 1873–1933, p.10 199. LPL, ICBS 7658: BPM, Sept 1873: A, 16 Jan 1875, p.39 200. BL, Add. MS 77122 201. BPM, Sept 1873 202. St Mark’s Church, appeal leaflet 203. MBW Mins, 19 June 1868, pp.814–5; 31 Oct 1873, p.391; 5 Dec 1873, p.578 204. LPL, ICBS 7658 205. BN, 10 July 1874, pp.73–4 206. A, 16 Jan 1875, p.40 207. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 57235: St Mark’s Church, report by Russell Hanslip Associates, March 1990 208. A, 16 Jan 1875, p.42: St Mark’s Church, appeal leaflet 209. A, 16 Jan 1875, pp.40–1 210. WHS, St Luke’s, Battersea, parish magazine, Sept 1909 211. History of St. Mark’s Church 1873–1933, p.13: St Mark’s Church, papers: BPM, Oct 1874: BN, 10 July 1874, pp.73–4: British Architect, 20 Nov 1874, p.324 212. BPM, April 1875 213. BPM, Oct 1876: BN, 1 Dec 1876, p.559 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 34 Draft 214. BPM, Jan 1879; April 1880; Nov 1880; Nov 1886 215. Ibid., Sept 1883 216. Ibid., May 1880 217. BPM, Sept 1883: CERC, ECE 7/1/ 57235 218. LMA, P70/MRK/55: History of St. Mark’s Church 1873–1933, p.17: British Architect, 17 Jan 1890, p.39 219. History of St. Mark’s Church 1873–1933, p.18 220. History of St. Mark’s Church 1873–1933, p.20: St Mark’s, parish magazines, 1925, 1928–9 221. St Mark’s, parish magazines, Feb 1941 222. LMA, DS/F/1946/2 223. St Mark’s Church, report by Russell Hanslip Associates, March 1990: EH, London Region file, ABN5181 224. EH, London Region file, LRS 005186/00 pt 2 225. BL, Add. MS 77122 226. CERC, ECE 7/1/30935, 48709 227. CERC, ECE 7/1/48709: LMA, DW/OP/70/8 228. B, 29 Aug 1874, p.738: LMA, P70/PET/78: DSR 229. LMA, P70/PET/78 230. Church Bells, 29 April 1876, p.254 231. B, 22 July 1876, pp.720–1 232. LPL, ICBS 7897 233. Clarke, p.195 234. LPL, ICBS 7897 235. CERC, ECE 7/1/48709 236. www.kgarch.co.uk/projects/stpeters/photos1 237. B, 22 July 1876, pp.720–1 238. CERC, ECE 7/1/48709: LMA, DP/OP/12: BN, 18 July 1879, p.79: DSR 239. LMA, P70/PET/63 240. LPL, ICBS 7897: CERC, ECE 7/1/48709 241. LMA, P70/PET/80 242. CERC, ECE 7/1/48709 243. WBC Mins, 18 Dec 1963, p.211 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 35 Draft 244. LMA, P70/PET/34, 80: Evening Standard, 6 Nov 1970: CERC, CARE 37/282 245. LMA, DS/F/5; P70/PET/34, 80 246. CERC, ECE 7/1/40160, 48829 247. Pamphlet for ‘Proposed New Church, Schools, and Parsonage, Lavender Hill, Battersea Rise, S.W.’ 248. BL, Add. MS 77122 249. Hampshire Record Office, 123M71, Bishop Browne to Erskine Clarke, Feb–March 1874 250. BL, Add. MS 77122 251. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 48829 252. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 48829: LMA, DW/OP/70/1 253. Census 254. WHS, Ascension, parish magazine, July & Nov 1918 255. CERC, CD 22817; CB 6039: LMA, DR/OP/3A 256. WHS, BP/6/5/ 821 257. BN, 29 Jan 1875, p.120 258. Ibid., 31 March 1876, p.318 259. Ibid., 2 June 1876, p.544 260. GL, MS 17860/19 261. Clarke, p.195 262. LPL, ICBS 9694, letter of J. T. Micklethwaite, Nov 1892 263. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 48829 264. LPL, ICBS 11526 265. Specification of works for nave at Ascension, copy at English Heritage: CERC, ECE 7/1/ 48829 266. WHS, Ascension, parish magazine, Sept 1912 267. LMA, DR/F/1884/12: GL, MS 17860/19 268. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 48829 269. LPL, ICBS 9694: GL, MS 17860/19: specifications for works at Ascension, 1893 and 1898, copies at English Heritage 270. WHS, Ascension, parish magazine, 1910–16: DSR 271. WHS, Ascension, parish magazine, 1920–1 272. CERC, ECE 7/1/ 48829: LPL, ICBS 11526 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 36 Draft 273. CERC, CARE 37/288 274. Clapham & Lambeth News, 20 April 1979 275. WHS, Ascension, parish magazine, Dec 1915 etc 276. Ibid., Dec 1912–13 277. Ibid., 1910–14: DSR 278. WHS, Ascension, parish magazine, 1915 and Nov 1918 279. Ibid., 1915 and Nov 1918 280. Ibid., Jan 1916 281. MBW Mins, 17 April 1874, p.47; 1 May 1874, p.521 282. Survey of London, vol.26, 1956, p.176 283. CERC, ECE 7/1/52601 284. LMA, P70/BAN/198: Fuller, Ch. 12 285. WHS, St Luke’s, Battersea, parish magazine, Dec 1909 286. BPM, Sept 1876: CERC, ECE 7/1/52601: Charles H. Drew, The Story of St. Matthew’s: Diamond Jubilee Souvenir, 1937 287. BN, 1 Dec 1876, p.559: B, 2 June 1877, p.568: BPM, May 1877 288. Drew, The Story of St. Matthew’s 289. LMA, P70/BAN/198, 200, 201/2: BPM, Feb 1883 290. CERC, ECE 7/1/52601 291. BPM, Oct 1887: Drew, The Story of St. Matthew’s 292. Notes by the Rev. B. F. L. Clarke, Council for the Care of Churches 293. BL, Add. MS 77122 294. BPM, March 1875 295. CERC, ECE 7/1/55267 296. St Mary’s Battersea, District of St Mary-le-Park, Year Book 1895–1896 297. TNA, WORK16/9/1 298. WHS, D101/1: LMA, P70/MRY/1 299. SMB, archives 300. The Times, 11 March 1937, p.12 301. CERC, ECE 7/1/55267 302. SMB, archives: B, 10 May 1879, p.528 303. SMB archives, letter of Bell & Freame to Clarke, Jan 1880 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 37 Draft 304. TNA, WORK16/9/1 305. CERC, ECE 7/1/55267 306. CERC, ECE 7/1/55267: LMA, P70/MRY/1, 67: Fuller, Ch. 12 307. BN, 18 May 1883, p.687 308. Fuller, Ch. 12 309. TNA, WORK16/9/1: SMB, St Mary’s Battersea, District of St Mary-le-Park, Year Book 1895–1896 310. SMB, St Mary’s Battersea, District of St Mary-le-Park, Year Book 1895–1896 311. LPL, ICBS 9874: The Times, 11 March 1937, p.12 312. SMB, St Mary’s Battersea, District of St Mary-le-Park, Year Book 1895–1896 313. SMB, St Mary’s Battersea, District of St Mary-le-Park, Year Book 1898–1899: LPL, ICBS 9874 314. SMB, St Mary’s Battersea, District of St Mary-le-Park, Year Book 1900–1901 315. BPM, June 1919–Feb 1920 316. CERC, ECE 7/1/55267: The Times, 11 March 1937, p.12 317. Clarke, p.196 318. SMB, archives 319. LMA, P70/MRY1/68 320. BPM, Aug 1921; Jan 1922 321. CERC, CARE 37/280 322. SWS, 20 Oct 1967, p.1; 19 June 1970, p.7 323. CERC, CARE 37/280 324. TNA, WORK16/9/2: MBW Mins, 4 April 1879, p.535, 9 April 1879, p.561 325. LPL, ICBS 8417 326. Simmonds, p.111: WHS, D101, Box 1: CERC, ECE 7/1/64850: TNA, WORK16/9/2 327. BL, Add. MS 77122 328. BPM, May 1879 329. LMA, P70/PET/63, Aug 1882: BPM, Sept 1882 330. LPL, ICBS 8417 331. LMA, P70/PET/63, Sept 1882 332. CERC, ECE 7/1/64850: BPM, Sept & Dec 1882, Jan 1883: BN, 9 Nov 1883, p.744 333. Clarke, p.196 334. LPL, ICBS 11711 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 38 Draft 335. WBC Mins, 12 Feb 1973, pp.27–31 336. CERC, ECE 7/1/64850: TNA, WORK16/9/2 337. BPM, April 1872 338. MBW Mins, 7 June 1872, p.789 339. LMA, DR/CP/9: BPM, Feb 1880: Church Bells, 4 June 1881, p.427 340. BPM, Aug 1877 341. LMA, P70/MIC/47 342. LMA, DR/CP/9 343. BPM, Nov 1879 344. LMA, P70/MIC/47/9 345. LMA, P70/MIC/48, 56 346. BN, 11 March 1881, p.259 347. LMA, P70/MIC/48/10 348. BPM, July 1880, Oct 1881 349. Church Bells, 4 June 1881, p.427: BPM, Oct 1881; B, 8 Oct 1881, p.470: Simmonds, pp.109– 10 350. LMA, DR/CP/7: CERC, ECE 7/1/63986 351. LMA, P70/MIC/48/3, 4 352. BPM, Oct 1881; Simmonds, p.110: B, 8 Oct 1881, p.470 353. BPM, Nov 1881 354. LMA, P70/MIC/48/6, 8 355. LMA, P70/MIC/49/3 356. LMA, P70/MIC/48/8, 9 357. LMA, P70/MIC/44, 55/2, 63–5: LMA, DS/F/1921/11: Mid Surrey Gazette, 17 Sep 1881: BPM, Nov 1883: B, 17 Nov 1883, p.671: St Michael’s Church Wandsworth Common, Jubilee, 1883–1933 358. St Michael’s Church, papers in vestry: Council for the Care of Churches, report on St Michael’s, Wandsworth Common, and St Luke’s, Battersea, May 1972 359. MBW Mins, 9 March 1883, p.482; 21 March 1883, p.561 360. LMA, P70/MIC/101–2: LPL, EC 63986: BPM, Sep 1886 361. LMA, P70/MIC/103 362. Ibid. Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 39 Draft 363. LMA, P70/MIC/51: BPM, Aug 1887 364. LMA, P70/MIC/103 365. BL, Add. MS 77122 366. LMA, DR/OP/7 367. Gordon Heulin, St Luke’s Battersea: A Short History of the Church and Parish, 1979 edn, p.10 368. BPM, Sept–Nov 1874: MBW Mins, 25 Sept 1874, p.297 369. Simmonds, p.105: WHS, St Luke’s, Battersea, parish magazine, Dec 1908 370. BPM, May–Aug 1882 371. BPM, Nov 1883–Dec 1884: B, 24 Nov 1883, p.710 372. MBW Mins, 8 Aug 1884, p.335; 13 April 1888, p.628 : SMB, St Mary’s Battersea, District of St Luke’s, Year Book 1895–1896 & 1898–1899 373. CERC, ECE 7/1/71561: LMA, DR/OP/6 374. BPM, Nov 1885, Jan 1886 375. The Times, 14 Nov 1881, p.12 376. BPM, Aug 1882 377. Heulin, p.11: Common News, Sept 1976 378. Heulin, pp.11, 13: Common News, Sept 1976: WHS, St Luke’s, Battersea, parish magazine, Nov 1904, Nov 1905: Clarke, p.197 379. Heulin, p.11 380. SMB, St Mary’s Battersea, District of St Luke’s, Year Book 1895–1896 381. Heulin, p.13: Common News, Sept 1976 382. Heulin, p.13 383. Common News, Sept 1976 384. Church Bells, 28 May 1897: Clarke, p.197 385. SMB, St Mary’s Battersea, District of St Luke’s, Year Books 386. Ibid., 1904–1905 387. LMA, DS/F/1925/30: RIBA Drawings Collection, PB34/TRAV/141: Heulin, pp.14-15 388. Heulin, p.13 389. Common News, Sept 1976 390. Ibid. 391. RIBA Drawings Collection, PB34/TRAV/141 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 40 Draft 392. SMB, St Mary’s Battersea, District of St Luke’s, Year Book 1898–1899 393. Heulin, p.14 394. SOX 212 395. BL, Add. MS 77122 396. Papers at St Luke’s 397. Council for the Care of Churches, report on St Luke’s and St Michael’s, Wandsworth Common, May 1972 398. BPM, Nov & Dec 1885, Jan 1886 399. Heulin, p.11 400. Plaque in hall 401. CERC, ECE 7/1/71561 402. LMA, DR/OP/13/A; P70/STE/51, 52 403. Simmonds, p.112: DSR 404. CERC, ECE 7/1/66836 405. WHS, D101: CERC, ECE 7/1/66836: TNA, WORK16/9/4: DSR 406. LPL, ICBS file 9047: CERC, ECE 7/1/66836 407. B, 27 Nov 1886, p.788 408. BN, 19 Nov 1886, p.784: Church Builder, 1887, pp.8–9 409. TNA, WORK16/9/4 410. BN, 19 Nov 1886, p.784: Church Bells, 19 Nov 1886, p.1217 411. St Stephen’s, parish magazines (at Christ Church, Battersea), 1887–9: LMA, P70/STE/39 412. CERC, ECE 7/1/66836 413. LMA, P70/STE/39, 44–48: RIBA Drawings Collection, PB102/4 414. CERC, CARE 37/283 415. The Record, 5 April 1895 416. St Barnabas’s Church, appeal leaflet, c.1895 417. St Barnabas’s Church, conveyances of the Shrubbery, 15 Dec 1885, 13 & 14 Sep 1887: LMA, DR/CP/3A; DR/OP/15/B: WHS, St Luke’s, Battersea, Parish Magazine, Dec 1909 418. CERC, ECE 7/1/52601 419. St Barnabas’s Church, account of work of Rev. G. M. Claris 420. The Rock, 5 Feb 1897, p.92 421. St Barnabas’s Church, appeal leaflet, 1897 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 41 Draft 422. LCC Mins, 23 March 1897, p.332; 18 May 1897, p.541 423. St Barnabas’s Church, contract drawings and misc. papers 424. GL, MS 17860/18 425. St Barnabas’s Church, contract drawings and misc. papers 426. Builder’s Journal, 13 Dec 1899, p.283 427. St Barnabas’s Church Clapham Common, 50th Anniversary Handbook 1898–1948: St Barnabas’ Church, misc papers 428. Council for the Care of Churches, report by Donald Findlay, 1990 429. St Barnabas’s Church, misc papers 430. Council for the Care of Churches, report by Donald Findlay, 1990: St Barnabas’s Church, misc papers 431. CERC, ECE 7/1/70333 432. DSR 433. LPL, ICBS 10022 434. CERC, ECE 7/1/70333 435. LMA, Y/SP/70/8: TNA, ED4/44; 103/111/7 436. Simmonds, pp.111–2 437. CERC, ECE 7/1/15591 438. Diocesan Archives, RC Archdiocese of Southwark, Battersea Park box. These and the archives of the British Province of the Sisters of Notre-Dame de Namur, Woolton Road, Liverpool, are the sources used in the following account, except where noted 439. Survey of London, vol.25, 1955, p.75 440. Sister Mary of St Francis, ed. Dom Bede Camm, 1913 441. BN, 27 June 1879, p.764 442. Our Lady of Mount Carmel and St Joseph, Battersea Park, 1868–1968 443. Simmonds, p.113 444. RIBA Drawings Collection, PA 1172/2/3, PB 1485/4/1–6 445. Ibid., PA 1172/2/1–2 446. The Foundations of the Sisters of Notre Dame in England and Scotland from 1845 to 1895, 1895, p.124: Convents of Notre Dame, Illustrated by an Unique Collection of Permanent Photographs, c.1895 447. TNA, ED21/11227 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 42 Draft 448. Simmonds, p.113 449. WP 450. Diocesan Archives, RC Archdiocese of Southwark, Battersea West box. Further information and quotations are from this source unless otherwise referenced 451. William John Dickson, ‘The Foundation and Development of the Salesians in England’, Ph.D., University of Durham, 1988, pp.93–8 452. MBW Mins, 29 Jan 1875, p.139 453. Diocesan Archives, RC Archdiocese of Southwark, Battersea Park box, Drinkwater to Bishop Danell, 20 Jan 1875 454. Dickson, p.96 455. Ibid., pp.104–16 456. Ibid., p.122 457. Ibid., pp.129, 140 458. RIBA Drawings Collection, PA 1170/1/1–3, 8 459. Ibid., PA 1170/1/9, 10 460. Dickson, pp.164–6 461. Ibid.,, p.167 462. BN, 12 Aug 1892, p.232; 27 Oct 1893, p.561 463. Alexander Rottmann, London’s Catholic Churches, 1926, p.292 464. Rottmann, pp.292–3 465. RIBA Drawings Collection, PA 1170/1/13–34 466. Rottmann, p.295 467. Ibid., pp.294–5 468. Denis Evinson, Catholic Churches of London, 1998, p.245 469. [Lawrence P. Seglias], Our Parish:: The Story of St Vincent de Paul’s Clapham Common London, [1984], pp.8–9, 13 470. Diocesan Archives, RC Archdiocese of Southwark, Clapham Common box 471. Seglias, pp.13–14 472. Ibid., p.16: Evinson, p.248 473. John Walsh, The Falling Angels, 1999, p.97 474. Seglias, p.15

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 43 Draft 475. Frank T. Smallwood, ‘Conventicle and School in the Vicarage’, in Baptist Quarterly, vol.24, Jan 1972, pp.205–8: Baptist Times, 26 June 1947 476. Daily Post, 9 May 1728 477. SOX 252, lease of 18 Jan 1771: Frank Holderness Gale, Battersea Chapel 1797–1897: A Centenary Record, 1897, p.8 478. Battersea Chapel, records, narratives of Joseph Hughes, Thomas Singler and Henry Tritton 479. ODNB 480. Gale, pp.28–31, 52 481. Henry Morris, The Founders and the First Three Presidents of the Bible Society, n.d., pp.25– 31 482. J. E. Ryland, The Life and Correspondence of John Foster, vol.1, 1846, pp.69–70: Battersea Chapel, records, narrative of Thomas Singler 483. Battersea Chapel, records 484. Battersea Chapel, Church Book, 1842–3: Gale, pp.44–6, 52: H. G. Callingham, Watchers of a Beacon, the Story of Battersea Chapel [1947], p.28 485. Battersea Chapel, Church Book, 1868–70 486. Gale, pp.52–6: BN, 25 March 1870, p.228 487. Callingham, pp.18–25 488. WBN, 13 Oct 1972, p.5; 22 June 1973, p.8 489. A, Jan 1973, p.42: B, 21 Feb 1975, pp.79–81 490. TNA, WORK16/7/1: Simmonds, p.117: SLP, 13 Oct 1883, p.4 491. SLP, 13 Oct 1883, p.4 492. Les Partridge, Northcote Road Baptist Church, 1860–2003 493. Simmonds, p.119 494. Partridge: deeds at church 495. BN, 10 Feb 1888, pp.235–6: & Wandsworth Borough News, 18 Feb 1888, p.3 496. Drawings at church 497. WHS, BP/6/5/1878 498. WHS, illustrations: Simmonds, p.116: MBW Mins, 13 May 1870, p.540; 17 Oct 1879, p.479 499. MBW Mins, 9 April 1875, p.432: B, 31 July 1875, p.698: Simmonds, p.118 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 44 Draft 500. Edward E. Cleal, The Story of Congregationalism in Surrey, 1908, pp.314–7 501. TNA, WORK16/15/8: Clapham Gazette, Oct 1866, pp.138–9: Simmonds, pp.122–3: Cleal, pp.314–7: DSR 502. LMA, N/LCU/1/24/11; LMA/4303/D/4 (1–9): RIBA Drawings Collection, AO1/C/6(1–10) 503. LMA, N/LCU/1/24/12 504. Bedfordshire & Archives and Records Service, SL6/10/1: LMA, ACC/2998/20: Simmonds, pp.123–4: Cleal, pp.329–31 505. LMA, ACC/2998/20: B, 7 April 1883, p.464; 19 May 1883, p.691 506. DSR 507. LMA, ACC/2998/8 508. LMA, N/LCU/1/24/12 509. LMA, Acc/2998/53 510. WHS, BP/6/5/1832: SWS, 29 March 1935, p.9; 2 March 1984, p.43 511. BDP 5527: B, 20 June 1885, p.889 512. F. Leon Hill, ‘God’s Gas Man’, typescript memoir in WHS, n.d. 513. Simmonds, pp.126–7 514. B, 18 Jan 1845, p.36: Andrew Trimen, Church and Chapel Architecture, 1849 edn, p.151: Simmonds, pp.124–5: DSR 515. Wesleyan Methodist Church Queen’s Road, Jubilee Souvenir and Programme 1882–1932: Simmonds, p.128: B, 15 Feb 1879, p.189; 12 March 1881, p.304; 16 April 1881, p.494 516. DSR 517. Wesleyan Methodist Church Queen’s Road, Jubilee Souvenir and Programme 1882–1932, p.15 518. Loobey, p.69 519. SLP, 16 Jan 1981, p.46 520. Pat Ashworth, Forward With Christ: The Story of Battersea Central Mission, 1992, p.7 521. Ibid., pp.9, 10 522. Ibid.: WP 523. WP 524. Simmonds, p.119 525. A, 22 May 1869, p.275: B, 16 Sept 1871, p.735: Simmonds, pp.119–20 526. MBW Mins, 6 Jan 1871, p.25; 20 Jan 1871, p.122: Simmonds, p.121: DSR Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 45 Draft 527. B, 1 July 1876, p.651: Simmonds, p.121 528. B, 11 May 1878, p.498: Simmonds, pp.120–1 529. MBW Mins, 4 March 1878, p.401; 21 June 1878, p.946: BEBP 33: B, 27 Nov 1886, p.794 530. LMA, LMA/4387/A/1 531. St Andrew’s United Reformed Church, Battersea Rise, 1894–1994: BJ, 25 April 1900, p.212: LMA, LMA/4303/D/2; LMA/4387/A/1: DSR 532. St Andrew’s United Reformed Church, Battersea Rise, 1894–1994 533. WP 534. St Jude’s FCE Church, papers: St Jude’s Church, Sarsfeld Road, Balham, Centenary 1887– 1987 [1987] 535. WHS, St Luke’s parish magazine, May 1909 536. Information from Mr Hywel Thomas 537. WHS, BP/6/5/2059 538. Information from Mr Hywel Thomas 539. BDA, 3312, 5532, 5536 540. John Stuart, Mr John Kirk:: The Children’s Friend, 1907, p.59: Booth collection, B294, pp.65–80: WHS, local enquiry files 541. WBC Mins, 6 Oct 1965, pp.79–80 542. LMA, AR/TH/01/022: MBW Mins, 5 Oct 1883, p.461: SWS, 13 April 1889, p.2, 4 May 1889, p 5 543. G. N. Fewkes, ‘Richard Reader Harris 1847–1909: An Assessment of the Life and Influence of a Leader of the Holiness Movement’, M.A., Nazarene Theological College, Manchester, 1995: Mary Reader Hooker, Adventures of an Agnostic, 1957, pp.102, 106–10 544. Booth, 3rd series, Religious Influences, vol.5, pp.171–2 545. F. Leon Hill, ‘God’s Gas Man’, typescript memoir in WHS, n.d. 546. Information from Rev. & Mrs Joe Bentham

CHAPTER 4 (pp. xxx-xxx)

Schools and Colleges

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 46 Draft 1. Journal of the Society of Arts, 13 Aug 1870, supplement, pp.i–xiii 2. Frank T. Smallwood, ‘Conventicle and School in the Vicarage’, Baptist Quarterly, vol.24, 1972, pp.205–8 3. TNA, PROB3/49/39; 11/782 (Powell): Frank T. Smallwood, A History of Sir Walter St John’s School Battersea 1700–1986, 1998, pp.33–5 4. , Plan of the Academy at Battersea, in Surry, kept by the Rev. John Gardnor, n.d. 5. London Courant and Westminster Chronicle, 20 July 1780; Morning Post and Daily Advertiser, 19 July 1786: True Briton, 29 June 1798 6. The World, 14 Jan 1790 7. WHS, note on schooling in Battersea 8. BPM, Aug 1877 9. TNA, ED4/44; ED103/111/7 10. Albert Mansbridge, The Trodden Road, 1940, pp.3, 11–24, 235–6 11. LCC Mins, 14–15 June 1910, pp.1256–60 12. TNA, ED21/11215; ED21/34453: LCC Mins, 6 Feb 1912, pp.220–1; 25 Feb 1913, pp.424–5; 29 June 1913, pp.1456–7; 17 March 1914, pp.655, 707 13. TNA, ED21/11212: B, 23 Oct 1914, pp.379–80; 6 Nov 1914, pp.425–6: BN, 23 Oct 1914, pp.515–17, 524: LCC Mins, 13 March 1913, pp. 668–9; 22 April 1913, pp.857–8; 17 Feb 1914, p.394 14. LCC Mins, 30 July 1907, p.410; 12 May 1908, p.1043–4; 21 July 1908, p.182; 22 June 1909, p.1513; 19 Oct 1909, p.660 15. WHS, Wandsworth Education Committee Mins, 10 Nov 1992 16. WHS, Wandsworth School Organisation Committee, papers for 7 Sept 1999 17. LMA, ACC/2321/1: Frank Smallwood, A History of Sir Walter St John’s School, Battersea 1700–1986, 1998, Ch. 3 18. LMA, ACC/2181/1, quoting TNA, C24/1378/67: Smallwood, History, Ch.3 19. BL, Add. MS 25112, p.17: Smallwood, History, p.25 20. Smallwood, History, pp.29, 280 21. SOX 255: LMA, ACC/2181/4 22. Hampshire Record Office, 21M65/J2/6/1 23. SOX 255: Smallwood, History, pp.40–2 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 47 Draft 24. Charles C. F. Greville, A Journal of the Reign of Queen Victoria from 1837 to 1852, 1885, vol.1, pp.131, 151 25. Smallwood, History, pp.44–5: LMA, ACC/2181/24 26. Henry Moseley, Report on the Training and Village Schools at Battersea, in LMA, ACC/2181/5: Smallwood, History, pp.51–2 27. Smallwood, History, pp.56–69 28. LMA, ACC/2321/21: TNA, ED 27/2727 29. LMA, ACC/2181/6; ACC/2321/21, 51: TNA, ED 27/2727 30. LMA, ACC/2321/51: Smallwood, History, pp.73–5 31. TNA, ED27/2727, 2728 32. LMA, ACC/2321/51 33. TNA, ED27/2733: B, 7 June 1873, p.442: Frank T. Smallwood, The Founding of , n.d. 34. BL, Add. MS 77122, 10 June 1873 35. TNA, ED27/2733 36. LMA, ACC/2321/53, 28 June 1894 37. TNA, ED29/103: LMA, ACC/2181/24, 33, 48; ACC/2321/13: Smallwood, History, pp.81– 2 38. LCC Mins, 22 Feb 1910, p.317; 26/27 Sept 1910, p.363; 30 July 1912, pp.532–3: A, 9 April 1915, p.315: F. T. Smallwood in The Sinjun, Aug 1975, p.45: LMA, ACC/2181/8: Smallwood, History, pp.101–2 39. LMA, ACC/2181/8: F. T. Smallwood in The Sinjun, Aug 1975, p.47: WBN, 2 July 1926: Smallwood, History, pp.122–3 40. LMA, ACC/2321/223: Smallwood, History, pp.147–8 41. Smallwood, History, pp.174–5 42. LMA, ACC/ 2321/224: Smallwood, History, p.186 43. Smallwood, History, pp.188–9 44. Ibid., pp.202–8: ILEA Education Committee Mins, 10 Dec 1974, p.618; 28 Oct 1975, pp.206–7: WHS, Sir Walter St John’s Educational Charity, Report 2003–4 45. Information from Thomas’s, Battersea 46. TNA, ED27/2733: B, 7 June 1873, p.442: Frank T. Smallwood, The Founding of Battersea Grammar School, n.d. Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 48 Draft 47. TNA, ED27/2733: LMA, ACC/2321/6 48. TNA, ED27/2732, 2733 49. TNA, ED27/2732, 2733; 29/101: LMA, ACC/2321/53, letter of 28 June 1894 50. LMA, ACC/2321/13: Contract Journal, 3 May 1906 51. TNA, ED27/2733: BL, Add. MS 77122, 15 Sept 1887, 22 May 1904 52. LCC Mins, 11 May 1909, p.1135; 22 Feb 1910, pp. 314–5, 317; 26–27 Sept 1910, p.363; 8–9 Nov 1910, p.930; 2–3 April 1912, pp.874–5; 30 July 1912, pp.532–3 53. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battersea_Grammar_School 54. Lorna Cowburn, Polished Cornerstones: A History of the Royal Masonic School for Girls 1788– 2000, 2001 55. ODNB: Survey of London, vol. 25, 1955, p.68 56. G. M. Handfield-Jones, The History of the Royal Masonic Institution for Girls 1788–1974, 1974, p.46 57. Ibid., pp.44–50 58. B, 18 Sept 1858, p.633 59. All The Year Round, 14 July 1866, p.16 60. Handfield-Jones, pp.53–5 61. Ibid., pp.57–8: B, 8 July 1876, p.670; 14 Oct 1876, pp.1001, 1003: DSR 62. Handfield-Jones, pp.68–9: B, 4 April 1891, p.277; 16 May 1891, p.392 63. Handfield-Jones, pp.59–60, 78–80: B, 11 Feb 1888, p.111: DSR 64. Handfield-Jones, pp.90–107: Clapham Observer, 14 Sept 1934 65. Royal Commission of the Patriotic Fund, Executive & Finance Committee Mins and Annual Reports, 1857–63 66. Royal Commission of the Patriotic Fund, Executive & Finance Committee Mins and Annual Reports, 1862–71: B, 18 Feb 1871, p.135; 1 April 1871, p.254; 22 June 1872, p.485 67. B, 22 June 1872, p.485: A, 30 May 1874, p.306: H. Saxon Snell, Charitable and Parochial Establishments, 1881, p.36 68. TNA, PIN96/29 69. The Times, 15 Sept 1874, p.3; 23 Sept 1874, p.7 70. TNA, PIN96/29: The Times, 23 Aug 1880, p.3; 26 Feb 1881, p.9; 1 Aug 1881, p.11 71. Henry P. Maskell, Recollections of , 1904, pp.36–43 72. TNA, ED27/3381: Maskell, pp.46–8 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 49 Draft 73. Maskell, p.51 74. TNA, ED27/3381: B, 16 Sept 1882, p.386 75. LMA, Technical Education Board Mins, 21 Feb 1898, pp.92–3: Maskell, pp.53–4 76. Nigel Watson, Emanuel School, An Illustrated History, 2008, p.34 77. Ibid., pp.37-51 78. Roger Marjoribanks, Emanuel at Wandsworth 1883–1983, [1983], p.27: Watson, pp.66–8 79. Watson, pp.82–3 80. Information from Tony Jones 81. Watson, pp.104–8 82. Ibid., pp.124–5 83. Paul Hetherington, ‘The altarpiece for Wren's church of St Benet Fink’, in Apollo, July 1995, pp.44–6: Wilfrid Scott-Giles & Bernard V. Slater, The History of Emanuel School 1594– 1964, 1966, p.98 84. B, 2 Feb 1895, p.91; 28 Dec 1895, p.482 85. Scott-Giles & Slater, p.171 86. SOX 216: BV Mins, passim 87. LMA, Y/SP/10/70 88. BV Mins, 10 April 1855 89. BPM, March, July, Oct & Nov 1875: B, 20 Nov 1875, p.1046: Taylor, pp.198–9 90. LCC Mins, 30 May 1905, pp.1878–9; 20 Feb 1906, p.339; 9 Nov 1907, pp.930–1 91. D. I. Williams, St George’s Through the Years, 1970 92. BV Mins, 26 Jan 1854 93. CERC, ECE 7/1/28248: ILN, 9 May 1857, p.440: Ramsey, p.109 94. LMA, Y/SP/70/7: ILN, 9 May 1857, p.440: B, 11 July 1857, p.387 95. LMA, Y/SP/70/7 96. Ramsey, p.109: DSR: WHS, BP/6/5/ 1730 97. LCC Mins, 2 June 1964, pp.615–6: Wandsworth Council, drawings at Department of Technical Services 98. LMA, Y/SP/70/5: deeds at Christ Church, Battersea: ILN, 28 April 1866, pp.416, 422: B, 3 June 1865, p.404: BN, 26 Jan 1872, p.68 99. SBL Mins, 1 Aug 1877, p.1078; 17 Oct 1877, p.1264; 27 March 1878, p.588; 25 Nov 1880, p.830; 25 Jan 1883, pp.209–10: TNA, ED21/11205 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 50 Draft 100. LCC Mins, 30 May 1905, pp.1875–6: A, 18 Sept 1908, p.185 101. MBW Mins, 7 July 1865, p.840; 4 Aug 1865, pp.965–6: LMA, Y/SP/70/6 102. LMA, P70/SAV/126, 128: St Saviour’s Diamond Jubilee Handbook, 1931 103. LPL, ICBS 8417: TNA, ED21/11205 104. LMA, Y/SP/70/9: B, 17 Feb 1866, p.128 105. SBL Mins, 11 Oct 1871, p.284: London School Plan 1947, p.176: LCC Mins, 4 Dec 1951, pp.730–1; 5 Feb 1963, p.120 106. Information from Roger Raymond Jones of Tomei & Mackley: Wandsworth Council, drawings at Department of Technical Services 107. Diocesan Archives, RC Archdiocese of Southwark, Battersea West box: B, 4 May 1878, p.471: WH, no.84, 2007, pp.6-10 108. RIBA Drawings Collection, PA 1170/1/1, 4: Daily Graphic, 14 Dec 1906: LCC Mins, 5 Nov 1907, pp.930–1 109. WP: www.lecoledebattersea.co.uk 110. ILEA Education Committee Mins, 5 June 1973, p.142 111. Sacred Heart School, papers 112. Information from Fr Mervyn Williams, Salesian Provincial Office 113. John Russell Taylor, Hitch: the Life and Work of Alfred Hitchcock, 1981 edn, p.7 114. ILEA, Contact Magazine, no. 31, 1976–7, pp.36–7 115. Salesian School Magazine, 1911–12 116. Salesian College, drawings 117. LCC Mins, 2 June 1959, p.341; 14 Nov 1961, p.745; 16 July 1963, pp.504–5 118. The Salesian, Summer 1966, pp.14–17 119. Salesian College, drawings 120. WHS, Wandsworth Education Committee Mins, 6 June 1995 121. www.salesiancollege.co.uk: WP: information from Mr Stephen McCann 122. LMA, Cubitt leasebooks (uncatalogued), no.3, pp.305–7; Y/SP/70/1: WHS, Grove House School, minutes; Battersea Chapel envelope, appeal pamphlet, 1912 123. WHS, Grove House School, minutes: LCC Mins, 7 Dec 1909, pp.1262–3: Walter Besant, London South of the Thames, 1912, p.166 124. LMA, Y/SP/70/2: Frank Holderness Gale, Battersea Chapel 1797–1897, 1897, p.70: F. Holderness Gale, The Story of Our School: A Souvenir of the Centenary of Battersea Chapel Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 51 Draft Sunday School, 1899: H. G. Callingham, Watchers of a Beacon: The Story of Battersea Chapel, [1947], p.57 125. Battersea Chapel, records 126. WHS, Battersea Chapel envelope, appeal pamphlet, 1912: LCC Mins, 7 Dec 1909, pp.1262–3: Architect and Builders’ Journal, 18 Jan 1911, p.60: Callingham, pp.57–8 127. LMA, SBL, School Management Committee Reports, 1873 128. TNA, ED21/11222 129. TNA, WORK16/14/3 130. B, 12 Aug 1871, p.624; 25 May 1872, p.403; 1 June 1872, p.422; 8 Feb 1873, p.104: BN, 24 May 1872, p.409; 19 Dec 1873, after p.674 131. B, 18 April 1874, p.322 132. TNA, WORK16/14/3; ED21/11220 133. TNA, ED21/11220 134. B, 23 June 1888, p.457 135. LCC Mins, 3 March 1959, p.116; 28 March 1961, pp.217–8 136. LMA, SBL 927B: B, 13 July 1872, p.544; 25 Jan 1873, p.73 137. B, 17 Jan 1874, p.55 138. BN, 19 Dec 1873, p.689 139. TNA, ED21/11204 140. LCC Mins, 17 Dec 1907, pp.1412–3; 3 March 1908, pp.480–1; 2 March 1909, p.455; 12 July 1910, p.105 141. TNA, ED21/11204 142. TNA, ED21/34441 143. WHS, Wandsworth School Organisation Committee Mins, 7 Sept 1999: WBN, 28 April 2000 144. B, 13 July 1872, p.544; 25 Jan 1873, p.73 145. B, 17 Jan 1874, p.55 146. E. R. Robson, School Architecture, 1874, pp.310–4 147. BN, 24 July 1874, p.103 148. Robson, p.314 149. TNA, ED21/11234 150. LCC Mins, 23 Feb 1937, p.207; 16 May 1939, pp.441–2 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 52 Draft 151. TNA, ED21/11221: B, 15 March 1873, p.201; 2 Jan 1875, p.18: 17 Dec 1881, p.776: LCC Mins, 14 June 1904, p.927; 13 Nov 1906, p.1156 152. ILEA Education Committee Mins, 1 March 1972, pp.356–7; 17 Sept 1974, p.573 153. TNA, ED21/11209; ED21/34449: LCC Mins, 7 March 1905, pp.750–1; 5 Dec 1905, pp.1894–5: Contract Journal, 9 May 1906, supplement 154. TNA, ED21/11209: WBC Education Committee Mins, 24 Jan 1995 155. TNA, ED21/11210: B, 31 July 1875, p.693 156. TNA, ED21/11210 157. LCC Mins, 20 Dec 1904, p.3186: Contract Journal, 9 May 1906, supplement 158. B, 28 Jan 1888, p.73; 23 June 1888, p.457 159. TNA, ED21/11214: B, 31 July 1875, p.698: Contract Journal, 9 May 1906, supplement 160. TNA, ED21/11214: B, 29 Nov 1884, p.747; 25 July 1891, p.75: LCC Mins, 21 Feb 1911, p.347 161. TNA, ED21/11214: LCC Mins, 22 June 1909, p.1514; 21 Feb 1911, p.347: 23 May 1911, pp.1268–9; 13 Feb 1912, pp.282–3; 3 Dec 1912, p.1412; 17/18 Dec 1912, p.1629; 10 June 1913, p.1317; 29 July 1913, p.379; 3 Feb 1914, p.224 162. WBC Education Committee Minutes, 10 Nov 1992 163. LMA, MS 19395/2, 22 Dec 1874 164. TNA, ED21/11233: B, 17 July 1875, p.650; 26 Feb 1876, p.201; 28 Dec 1878, p.1364 165. ILEA Education Committee Mins, 16 Oct 1968, pp.482–3: www.tvstudiohistory.co.uk/independent%20studios.htm 166. WP 167. TNA, ED21/11216: B, 1 Sept 1877, p.893 168. TNA, ED21/11216 169. Ibid.: LCC Mins, 7 April 1914, p.919; 10 Feb 1920, p.189; 27 July 1920, p.280; 9 May 1922, p.501: Wandsworth Council, drawings at Department of Technical Services 170. TNA, ED21/11214 171. Edward Ezard, Battersea Boy, 1979, p.101 172. TNA, ED21/34463: LCC Mins, 13 March 1923, p.392; 11 Dec 1923, p.811; 3 June 1924, p.920; 8 July 1926, p.50 173. TNA, ED21/56777 174. London School Plan 1947, p.167 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 53 Draft 175. WP: www.newtonprep.com/school 176. TNA, ED21/11230: SBL Mins, 6 Oct 1881, p.534: B, 11 March 1882, p.301 177. WHS, Battersea Extra Building Plans, 1261/2 178. TNA, ED21/11230 179. EH, London historians’ files, WW78 180. B, 20 April 1889, p.298 181. B, 25 March 1882, p.375 182. TNA, ED21/11222: WBN, 20 Dec 1890, p.6: A, 16 Dec 1892, p.400 183. WBC Education Committee Mins, 10 Nov 1992, 20 Jan & 27 April 1993 184. EH, London historians’ files, WW123: WBN, 12 Aug 1994: Mail on Sunday, 1 July 1996, p.62: AJ, 30 Jan 1997, pp.54–5 185. TNA, ED21/11203; 21/34440; 161/13344: B, 18 Nov 1882, p.671: LCC Mins, 28 March 1905, p.1107; 13 Nov 1906, p.1160; 12 Oct 1909, p.517; 7 Feb 1911, p.209 186. B, 21 Feb 1885, p.288: TNA, ED21/11232 187. TNA, ED21/11232 188. Richard Church, Over the Bridge, 1955, pp.58, 118–26 189. TNA, ED21/34442, 34448 190. LCC Mins, 6 Feb 1962, p.81: ILEA Education Committee Mins, 28 Oct 1975, pp.206–7 191. WBN, 7 Sept 1990 192. TNA, ED21/11218: B, 29 March 1884, p.465: LCC Mins, 24 Jan 1905, p.25; 1/2 Aug 1911, p.523; 14 Nov 1911, p.1091; 19 Dec 1911, p.1492; 23 Jan 1912, pp.14–15; 20 Feb 1912, p.368; 3 Dec 1912, p.1417 193. TNA, ED21/11223: B, 11 May 1889, p.365 194. B, 1 Aug 1891, p.87: BN, 6 Nov 1891, p.644 195. TNA, ED21/11232 196. TNA, ED21/11211 197. TNA, ED21/11211: B, 22 Dec 1888, p.452: BN, 8 April 1892, p.518 198. LCC Mins, 14/15 June 1910, p.1257; 4 March 1913, p.503 199. WHS, local enquiry files 200. EH, London historians’ files, WW95 201. Mail on Sunday, 21 July 1996, p.62

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 54 Draft 202. TNA, ED21/11217: B, 16 May 1891, p.401: Wandsworth Council, drawings at Department of Technical Services 203. TNA, ED21/11207; 21/34445 204. ILEA Education Committee Mins, 2 Nov 1966, p.638; 29 May 1968, p.423; 15 Oct 1969, p.193 205. WHS, Wandsworth School Organisation Committee Mins, 7 Sept & 12 Oct 1999: WBN, 22 Sept 2000: www.school-index.co.uk/urn/101056.php 206. DSR 207. TNA, ED21/11206; 21/34444 208. TNA, ED21/34444 209. Michael de Larrabeiti, A Rose Beyond the Thames, 1978, pp.71–5 210. WBC Education Committee Mins, 10 Nov 1992, 15 June 1993: www.wix.wandsworth.sch.uk/f 211. LCC Mins, 20 Feb 1951, p.65; 23 Oct 1951, pp.604–5; 10 Dec 1952, p.645; 22 Jan 1957, pp.9–10: LMA, 22.132 SIR 212. LCC Mins, 14 Dec 1937, pp.603–4; 14 March 1939, p.220 213. Ibid., 23 May 1950, pp.290–1; 20 Feb 1951, pp.66–7 214. Architectural Design, Dec 1953, pp.343–5: ABN, 7 Jan 1954, pp.11–15 215. TNA, ED161/13386 216. LCC Mins, 3 March 1959, p.116; 20 Oct 1959, pp.647–8; 28 March 1961, pp.217–8; 29 May

1962, p.460; 16 March 1965, p.1247: LMA, 22.132BAT 217. TNA, ED21/11213: DSR: LCC Mins, 6 Dec 1910, p.1310; 19–20 Dec 1911, pp.1544–5: SWS, 23 June 1967 218. LCC Mins, 17 April 1962, p.340; 19 March 1963, p.208; 20 Oct 1964, pp.852–3: ILEA Education Committee Mins, 17 Nov 1965, pp.322–3 219. ILEA Education Committee Mins, 4 March 1970, pp.309–10; 6 June 1973, p.145: WBC Education Committee Mins, 15 June & 9 Nov 1993 220. TNA, ED21/11215: LCC Mins, 6 Feb 1912, pp.220–1; 29 June 1913, pp.1456–7; 29 July 1913, p.399 221. TNA, ED21/34453: LCC Mins, 17 July 1923, p.147; 22 Jan 1924, p.51; 19 May 1925, p.801; 13 Oct 1925, p.460 222. Chris Abbott, Springwell House, the Story of a London Open-Air School, 1986 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 55 Draft 223. LCC Mins, 18 March 1919, pp.297–8; 14 Oct 1919, p.1187; 4 Dec 1923, pp.771–2: English Heritage, London historians’ files, WW52 224. Abbott, op. cit.: ILEA, Contact Magazine, July 1974, pp.30–2 225. ILEA Education Committee Mins, 14 June 1967, p.161; 6 March 1968, p.354; 15 Oct 1969, p.190; 3 May 1972, p.413; 16 Nov 1976, p.530 226. LCC Mins, 29 Nov 1904, p.2849; 6 Dec 1904, p.2940; 20 March 1906, p.709; 20 Nov 1906, pp.1211, 1213: B, 11 Dec 1909, pp.644–5: Clapham County School 1909–1959, in LMA, ACC/3708/9 227. Tipped into Clapham County School 1909–1959, in LMA, ACC/3708/9 228. Ibid. 229. ILEA Education Committee Mins, 9 Dec 1971, p.493; 25 June 1974, p.476; 3 June 1975, p.127; 2 March 1976, p.314: WBC Mins, 9 Feb 1971, pp.4–5; 6 Aug 1974, pp.133–4 230. WBN, 9 Nov & 7 Dec 1990; 12 April, 26 & 28 June, 19 July 1991 231. WBN, 22 Jan, 26 Feb & 14 May 1993 232. Information from Thomas’s, Clapham 233. LCC Mins, 23 Oct 1956, p.553; 2 April 1957, pp.156–7; 1 July 1958, p.435; 5 May 1959, p.302: The Surveyor, July 1957, pp.798–9: Architectural Design, June 1959, p.224: ABN, 2 Aug 1961, pp.171–6: WBN, 29 March & 1 Aug 1996 234. LCC Mins, 3 June 1913, p.1188 235. TNA, ED21/34442: LCC Mins, 30 July 1935, pp.193–4; 22 March 1938, p.535 236. London School Plan 1947, p.167 237. LCC Mins, 19 March 1963, p.206; 16 June 1964, pp.638–9: ILEA Mins, 6 Oct 1965, p.267: Interior Design, Sept 1968, pp.58–9 238. WBN, 2 & 9 Nov 1990; 22 March & 26 April 1991: SLP, 24 Feb 1992 239. A. C. Stewart and W. P. McCann, The Educational Innovators 1750–1880, 1967, pp.179–83: ODNB: Thomas Adkins, The History of St John’s College Battersea, 1906, pp.22–33 240. Frank Smith, The Life and Work of Sir James Kay-Shuttleworth, 1923, pp.93, 104 241. F. M. G. Willson, A Strong Supporting Cast: The Shaw Lefevres 1789–1936, 1993, pp.65, 156, 364 242. James Kay-Shuttleworth, Four Periods of Public Education, 1973 edn, p.309 243. Smith, p.105 244. Ibid., p.106 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 56 Draft 245. Adkins, pp.47–9, 59–60, 69–98: Life of John Hullah, 1886, pp.26–9 246. The Times, 14 June 1841, p.5 247. Cutting in LMA, SC/PZ/BT/03/026 248. Adkins, pp.102–4: Smith, pp.115–32: Kay-Shuttleworth, pp.423–30 249. Smith, pp.125–7 250. Adkins, pp.107, 111 251. University College of St Mary & St John (Marjon), , archives of St John’s College, Battersea, committee minutes, 1849–51: LMA, Y/SP/70/3, 4 252. SOX 216 253. The Ecclesiologist, vol.19, 1858, pp.340–1 254. A, 25 Feb 1910, p.129; 6 Nov 1914, p.394 255. University College of St Mary & St John (Marjon), Plymouth, archives of St John’s College, Battersea, committee minutes, 1878–9 256. SOX 255: W. K. Lowther Clarke, A History of the SPCK, 1959, p.191 257. Adkins, pp.235–6: Builders’ Journal, 3 June 1896, p.265: A, 19 Nov 1897, after p.328 258. Adkins, pp.237–8, 243–4: A, 28 Dec 1906, p.420 259. Adkins, pp.231, 241–2 260. University College of St Mary & St John (Marjon), Plymouth, archives 261. BBC Mins, 26 Sept 1928, p.110; 28 Nov 1928, p.156; 29 Jan 1930, pp.209–10; 26 Feb 1930, p.26; 23 Dec 1930, pp.202–3 262. Roehampton University, Southlands College archive, deeds: SOX 261(2): WHS, Southlands Training College Battersea 1872–1928, n.d., p.7: The Standard, 7 Aug 1871, p.2 263. TNA, ED21/11231 264. Wesleyan Methodist Magazine, Jan 1907, pp.4–5: Eva Williams, The History of Southlands College 1872–1972, n.d., p.12 265. B, 5 April 1873, p.276 266. DSR 267. WHS, Southlands Training College Battersea 1872–1928, n.d., pp.7–8: The Teacher, 5 May 1906, p.424 268. WHS, Southlands Training College Battersea 1872–1928, n.d.

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 57 Draft 269. H. Arrowsmith, Pioneering in Education for the Technologies: The Story of Battersea College of Technology 1891–1962, 1966: Christopher Pick, Understanding the Real World: A Visual History of the , 2002, Ch.4 270. The Times, 17 Jan 1888, p.8 271. University of Surrey Archives, C4/122B/01: TNA, WORK16/16/9 272. University of Surrey Archives, C4/122A/01: TNA, WORK16/16/9 273. University of Surrey Archives, C4/122D/06 274. Ibid., C4/122/03; 122A/02, 04, 05, 06; 122D/02: TNA, WORK16/16/9 275. TNA, WORK16/16/10: British Architect, 21 Feb 1890, pp.132–3 276. TNA, ED29/102 277. University of Surrey Archives, C4/122B/02 278. Ibid., C4/122/03 279. British Architect, 17 April 1891, pp.290–1 280. B, 18 April 1891, pp.303–4: British Architect, 10 April 1891, pp.275–6; 15 May 1891, p.380; 3 July 1891, p.6 281. BN, 17 April 1891, pp.528–9: British Architect, 17 April 1891, pp.290–1; 1 May 1891, f.p.333 282. University of Surrey Archives, C4/122B/02 283. TNA, WORK32/297: B, 28 March 1891, p.250: BN, 27 March 1891, p.428, 3 April 1891, p.488: British Architect, 1 May 1891, pp.336–7 284. The Times, 21 July 1891, p.11 285. University of Surrey Archives, GA/E/001/1/1: TNA, WORK16/16/10: ODNB, sub Sir Henry Holloway 286. TNA, WORK16/16/10; 32/299 287. The Times, 26 Feb 1894, p.8 288. B, 23 July 1892, p.70 289. Australian Dictionary of Biography 290. A, 6, 13 & 20 July 1894, pp.9, 25, 41 291. Pick, p.173 292. Morning Leader, 24 Feb 1904: WHS, Battersea Polytechnic archives box 293. TNA, WORK 16/16/10

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 58 Draft 294. University of Surrey Archives, GA/E/001/1/1, 2: The Times, 4 Feb 1899, p.12; 9 June

1900, p.15: B, 18 Feb 1899, p.175 295. Arrowsmith, pp.12–13 296. BN, 4 Nov 1910, pp.653–4: A, 12 May 1911, p.300 297. Arrowsmith, pp.29–30: inscription in situ 298. Victor Belcher, The City Parochial Foundation 1891–1991, 1991, pp.139–40 299. B, 16 April 1954, pp.675–80: Arrowsmith, p.11 300. University of Surrey Archives, C4/122/05 301. Pick, pp.199–200 302. University of Surrey Archives, C4/122D/10 303. Ron Ringshall, Margaret Miles & Frank Kelsall, The Urban School, 1983, pp.102–4 304. www.stjameshomes.co.uk

CHAPTER 5 (pp. xxx-xxx)

Parks and Open Spaces

1. PP 1833 (448), XV. 337 Report of the Select Committee on Public Walks, pp.5–8: Hazel Conway, People’s Parks: The Design and Development of Victorian Parks in Britain, 1991, pp.27–8 2. TNA, WORK6/99, p.145 3. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/1 4. LMA, F/JP/4 5. The Times, 13 Nov 1841, p.5 6. PP 1844 (15), XV. 1, Royal Commission to Inquire into and consider the most effectual means of improving the Metropolis, Mins of Evidence, 9 August 1843, p.167. 7. TNA, WORK 6/102, p.141 8. Ibid., pp.285–6 9. TNA, WORK 6/103, pp.85–6

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 59 Draft 10. PP 1846 (682) XXIV.321, Royal Commission to Inquire into and consider the most effectual means of improving the Metropolis, 5th Report (Battersea Fields), Mins of Evidence, 21 May 1845, pp.9– 13: LMA, F/JP/16 11. Geoffrey Tyack, James Pennethorne and the Making of Victorian London, 1992, pp.104–5 12. 9 & 10 Vic, c.38 13. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/1 14. Ibid. 15. TNA, CRES60/6, pp.12, 84 16. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/1 17. Ibid. 18. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/4: H. Hobhouse, Thomas Cubitt: Master Builder, 1971, p.438 19. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/4 20. TNA, WORK6/180, pp.51–2 21. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/4 22. 14 & 15 Vic, c.77 23. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/1 24. Ibid. 25. The Times, 24 May 1852, p.3 26. The Examiner, 3 April 1852, p.219 27. The Times, 17 Dec 1852, p.3 28. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/1 29. Ibid. 30. The Times, 28 May 1853, p.9 31. Ibid., 6 Aug 1853, p.4 32. Tyack, pp.105–8 33. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/2 34. PP 1857 (2), XLI. 130, Report on the present state of Metropolitan Improvements, p.18 35. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/1; MBW/OW/CB/6 36. BL, maps 3620 (10) 37. PP 1857 (2), XLI. 130, Report on the present state of Metropolitan Improvements 38. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/2 39. PP 1857 (2), XLI. 130, Report on the present state of Metropolitan Improvements Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 60 Draft 40. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/2 41. TNA, WORK1/55, p.43: Tyack, p.111 42. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/2 43. PP 1857 (2), XLI. 130, Report on the present state of Metropolitan Improvements, pp.15, 18–19 44. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/2 45. Ibid. 46. Ibid. 47. Journal of Horticulture, Cottage Gardener and Country Gentleman, 12 Sept 1864, pp.214–5 48. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/2 49. Ibid. 50. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/3 & 13 51. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/2 52. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/10 53. Ibid. 54. LCC Mins, 28 July 1896, p.959 55. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/3 56. BN, 13 Dec 1878, p.630: MBW Mins, 20 April 1888, p.676; 27 April 1888, p.727: LCC Mins, 28 Feb.1893, p.215 57. 50 & 51 Vic, c.34 58. LCC Mins, 15–16 Nov. 1910, p.1076; 28 Nov.1911, pp.1301, 1351; 14 May 1912, p.1234 59. LCC Mins, 15 Oct 1889, p.770: LMA, GLC/RA/D6/2/5, folder 1 60. LCC Mins, 7 July 1891, p.714 61. LCC Mins, 26 March 1901, p.388; 4 Feb 1902, p.162: Arthur Halcrow Verstage, Arts and Crafts Architect 1875–1969, sale catalogue, Janette Ray Books [2005], p.35 62. J. Black, ‘The Real Thing: Eric ’s 24th Infantry Division Memorial in Battersea Park, London’, in Burlington Magazine, vol.145, Dec 2003, pp.854–9 63. Christian Miscellany, and Family Visitor, 1867, p.196 64. CERC, ECE 7/1/55267 65. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/2 66. Journal of Horticulture and Cottage Gardener, 12 Sept 1866, p.214 67. Farmer’s Magazine, vol.23, Jan–June 1863, p.41 68. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/2 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 61 Draft 69. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/12 70. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/13 71. LMA, GLC/RA/D6/2/5, folder 1: AR, July 1940, pp.6–7; ABN, 7 June 1940, p.191 72. LCC Mins, 26 Jan 1897, pp.63–4; 19 July 1898, p.934 73. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/12 74. Ibid. 75. LCC Mins, 28 Feb 1899, p.260. 76. EH, Parks and Gardens Register 77. LCC Mins, passim 78. LCC Mins, 5 Feb 1918, p.150: Chris Abbott, Springwell House, The Story of a London Open- Air School, 1986, p.5 79. LMA, CL/PK/1/54, 26 July 1946 80. Ibid., Strauss to Powe, 15 May 1946 81. LMA, CL/PK/1/53, W. E. Jackson to Philip James, 3 April 1947 82. LMA, CL/PK/1/54, report from G. Mayer-Mason 83. Green Islands: the Parks Service of the London County Council, 1962, p.21: A. Forshaw & T. Bergstrom, The Open Spaces of London, 1986, p.13 84. The Times, 7 June 1930, p.10: Robert Burstow, ‘Modern Sculpture in the Public Park’, in Patrick Eyres & Fiona Russell (eds), Sculpture and the Garden, 2006, p.134 85. Margaret Garlake, ‘“A War of Taste”: The London County Council as Art Patron 1948– 1965’, in London Journal, vol.18 no.1, 1993, p.50 86. LMA, LCC/CL/PK/1/55, Hepworth to Lady Eleanor Nathan, 23 Dec 1947 87. Ibid, Epstein to Council, 28 Dec 1947; Strauss to Epstein, 23 Jan 1948 88. Ibid., Jasper Ridley to Strauss, 20 May 1948: Garlake, pp.50–1 89. Burstow, p.133 90. LMA, LCC/CL/PK/1/54 91. Burstow, p.136: Garlake, p.51 92. Garlake, p.51 93. LMA, LCC/CL/PK/1/53, Hepworth to Dalton, 27 May 1951; Dalton to Homes, 16 June 1951 94. The Times, 19 May 1960, p.18 95. Ibid., 17 June 1964, p.13 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 62 Draft 96. www.tate.org 97. The Times, 20 May 1966, p.8 98. Country Life, 15 June 1951, p.1898 99. Guide Battersea Park Pleasure Gardens, 1951 100. The Times, 3 April 1951, p.4: Guide Battersea Park Pleasure Gardens, 1951, p.7 101. The Times, 3 April 1951, p.4; 15 May 1951, p.4; 29 May 1951, p.2 102. Michael de Larrabeiti, A Rose Beyond the Thames, 1978, p.125 103. The Times, 20 Oct 1951, p.8; 6 Feb 1952 p.2 104. Ibid., 20 Oct 1951, p.8; 29 Nov 1951, p.3 105. Ibid., 27 Sept 1952, p.3 106. Ibid., 25 Oct 1952, p.4; 15 May 1953, p.3 107. Ibid., 28 Jan 1954, p.5 108. Ibid., 30 Oct 1953, p.4 109. Concrete Quarterly, no.128, Jan–March 1981, pp.15–19 110. Building Design, 16 Nov 1984, p.14; 22 Feb 1985, p.10 111. The Times, 5 Nov 1984, p.32 112. Building Design 22 Feb 1985, p.10 113. Ibid., 16 Nov 1984, p.14 114. Gillian Sutch, ‘Brown Dog Statue’, in Battersea Park Review, no.57, Summer 2002: The Times, 13 Dec 1985, p.5: Peter Mason, The Brown Dog Affair, 1997, pp.110–1 115. EH, Parks and Gardens Register 116. Virginia Liberatire, ‘Restoration of the Festival of Britain Pleasure Gardens, Battersea Park’, in London Gardener, vol.7, 2001–2, pp.79, 82, 84 117. WP: AJ, 6 Sept 2001, pp.33–5; Building, 21 Sept 2001, pp.20–1 118. WHS, D/73/2 119. WHS, D/73/1 120. WHS, HOW/238 121. WHS, D/73/14: TNA, C24/1378/67 122. Clapham Society, The Story of Clapham Common, 1995, pp.14, 17 123. Survey of London, vol.26, 1956, pp.3–5: David Batten, Clapham with its Common and Environs, 1841, p.49 124. Batten, pp.49–50 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 63 Draft 125. http://franklinpapers.org, vol. 29, 5 March 1779 126. Ibid., vol.20, 7 Nov 1773: Seymour Stanton Block, Benjamin Franklin, Genius of Kites, Flights and Voting Rights, 2004, p.206: Charles Tanford, Ben Franklin Stilled the Waves: An Informal History of Pouring Oil on Water, 1989, p.71 127. CASOS, no.232, May 1967: RB: SOX 240: Chatsworth House, Devonshire Collection, L/38/78 128. Burgess, p.30 129. Lysons, vol.1, p.159 130. William, James & Jacob Malcolm, General View of the Agriculture of the County of Surrey, 1794, pp.20–1 131. Ibid. 132. LMA, P95/TRI1/139 133. Lysons, vol.4, p.161: LMA, P95/TRI1/6, p.316; P95.TRI1/139. 134. LMA, P95/TRI1/48: BV Mins, 30 April 1796 135. BV Mins, 17 Feb 1825 136. WHS, D73/2: LMA, P95/TRI1/8 137. PA, SLF/11/8 138. WHS, D73/4: David Batten, Clapham with its Common and Environs, 1841, p.49 139. Parsons, p.32 140. LMA, P95/TRI1/48 141. ODNB 142. SOX 261 (3), lease of 1849 143. LMA, P95/TRI1/79 144. Morning Chronicle, 27 Oct 1852, p.3: PA, HC/CC/PB/2/21/54, p.13 145. PP 1865, HC (390), VIII.259, Second Report from the Select Committee on Open Spaces (Metropolis), Mins of Evidence, pp.64–9 146. J. J. Sexby, The Municipal Parks, Gardens, and Open Spaces of London, 1898, pp.95–6 147. Pall Mall Gazette, 9 July 1887, p.1 148. Kenneth D. Brown, John Burns, 1977, p.9 149. WBN, 6 Feb 1920, p.10 150. Sexby, p.95 151. Metropolitan Borough of Battersea, Official Guide, 1929 edn, pp.86–7 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 64 Draft 152. LMA, LCC/MIN/8798, 17 May 1889 153. Clapham Society, The Clapham Bandstand, 2007, p.8 154. www.djarchitects.co.uk: www.claphamcommon.org 155. LCC Mins, 28 March 1893, p.364; 26 Feb 1907, p.498; 18 Dec 1923, p.872 156. ODNB, sub Peter Piatkov (Peter the Painter): The Times, 6 Jan 1911, p.8; 8 Jan1911, p.7; 10 March 1911, p.4 157. Clapham Society, The Story of Clapham Common, 1995, pp.31–2 158. PA, SLF/11/8 159. BL, Add. MS 76534/6 160. Malcolm, p.20 161. Sexby, p.237 162. SOX 216, folder 7 163. Clapham Gazette, May 1866, p.80: LMA, BC/B/18: BV Mins, 23 April, 1825, 19 May 1825: Tithe 164. BV Mins, 5 June 1827: Thomas Milne, Land Use Map of London & Environs in 1800, 1801: WAC, D1743a/49 165. WHS, D159/2: The Times, 3 Sept 1863, p.8 166. SOX 261 (1–2) 167. PP 1865, HC (390), VIII.259, Second Report from the Select Committee on Open Spaces (Metropolis), Mins of Evidence, pp.2–5 168. 29 & 30 Vic, c.122 169. J. C. Buckley, A Village Politician, 1897 170. WHS, D159/2: House of Commons Select Committee on the Wandsworth Common Bill, 21 April 1871, p.2: Clapham Gazette, Sept 1867, p.124: Roger Logan, Between the Commons, 2007, p.23 171. Buckley, pp.328–9: TNA, C16/485/D3 172. The Times, 16 July 1870, p.10 173. 34 & 35 Vic,.c.clxxxi: LMA, OS/W/1; OS/W/5/1 174. LMA, OS/W/5/1: Sexby, pp.237–8 175. LMA, OS/W/5/1 176. LMA, OW/5/11 177. The Times, 13 Nov 1885, p.9; 16 Nov 1886, p.6: Census Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 65 Draft 178. MBW Mins, 30 July 1886, pp.206–7 179. WHS, BP/6/5/1244: LCC Mins, 28 March 1893, pp.364–5 180. LCC Mins, 18 June 1912, pp.1503–4; 24 June 1913, p.1487; 4 Nov 1913, p.905; 2 Feb 1914, p.253 181. BV Mins, 22 Sept 1832: WHS, volume of Parliamentary Papers on Latchmere Allotments, evidence on LCC General Powers Bill, 1900, p.3 182. The Standard, 16 May & 20 June 1836: Morning Post, 16 May 1836, 15 June 1837, 12 July 1838 183. WHS, Latchmere Allotments volume 184. WHS, Latchmere Allotments volume, evidence on LCC General Powers Bill, 1900, pp.3– 7, 23–30; Report on the Health of the Metropolitan Borough of Battersea for 1903 185. BBC Mins, 23 Sept 1903; 23 Nov 1904, ?no ref for the opening. 186. BBC Mins, p.160 [date ref] 187. TNA, MEPO2/1129 188. Ibid. 189. LMA, DW/CP/1 190. LMA, DR/CP/8 191. WHS, letter of 1854 in D111/1/1, 23 Oct 1855 192. Roger Logan, Between the Commons: South Battersea’s Formative Years (Wandsworth Historical Society, Wandsworth Paper 15), 2007, p.11: The Times, 14 June 1858, p.15; 13 July 1858, p.1 193. WHS, D111/1/1, 2 Aug 1859: LMA, DW CP/1 194. WHS, D111/1/1, 16 Aug 1859 195. Ibid., 3 Oct 1860 196. LMA, MS 21670/5: CERC, CD 23355, 26278: LMA, DR/OP/5 197. The Times, 30 May 1885, p.8 198. CERC, ECE 7/1/15137; CD 26278 199. Loobey, p.75: BBC Mins, 2 Oct 1946; 27 Nov 1946; 29 Sept 1948; 1 March 1950; 26 May 1950; 29 Nov 1950; 14 July 1951: WBC, Christchurch Gardens Park management Plan 2008-2013 200. LMA, MS 21670/28: BV Mins, 11 Oct 1893; 27 Nov 1895: WHS, BP/6/5/1440 201. Administrative County of London Development Plan 1951, p.221 202. LMA, CL/PK/1/9: WP: WBN, 2 April 1982, p.1 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 66 Draft 203. LMA, CL/PK/1/9 204. LCC Mins, 16 June 1964, pp.643–4: GLC Mins, 21 June 1966, p.308 205. WBC Mins, 13 July 1976, pp.101–2; 7 Dec 1976, pp.14–15 206. LMA, GLC/DG/AR/6/124 207. WBC Mins 12 Feb 1973, pp5–6; 30 April 1974, pp.4–5; 6 August 1974, p.3 208. WBC Mins, 9 Feb 1971, pp.8–9; 27 July 1971, pp.7–8: WBN, 29 Sept 1972, p.16

CHAPTER 6 (pp. xxx-xxx)

Entertainment

1. Taylor, pp.104, 105, 106, 265 2. The Post-Boy, 5–8 July 1701: Daily Post, 27 March 1739: London Evening Post, 25–28 Aug 1750: London Chronicle, 26-28 May 1761: Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser, 7 April 1766: Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser, 20 March 1770, Daily Advertiser, 16 Feb, 2 March 1775 3. WHS, Battersea Churchwardens’ Accounts and Overseers’ Accounts, BP/4/1/4-6: Taylor, pp.104, 235: SOX 347: SHC, QS2/6/1723/Mid/59 4. SOX 198 5. Loobey 2002, p.24: Corris: Friendly Societies’ Journal, 1856, p.95: Chemist and Druggist, vol.42, 1893, p.643: R. Michael Gordon, The Thames Torso Murders, 2002, p.137: LMA, LCC/PC/COR/003/02 6. Daily Advertiser, 17 April 1772; 23 May 1774 7. SOX 198: RB: Parish map: General Advertiser, 13 Feb 1750: Whitehall Evening Post, 28–31 July 1750: Daily Advertiser, 5 March 1752: Derby Mercury, 9 March 1753, p.2: Gentleman's Magazine, vol.25, 1755, p. 280: Public Advertiser, 6 June 1755: St James's Chronicle, 1-4 Jan 1763: Randolph Trumbach, Sex and the Gender Revolution, 1998, pp.371–2 8. SOX 212: Country Journal or The Craftsman, 22 Nov 1740: Ramsey, p.70 9. St James’s Chronicle, 7–9 July 1791 10. Daily Advertiser, 3 July 1773 11. Ramsey, p.28

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 67 Draft 12. General Advertiser, 30 July 1745 13. Ramsey, p.28 14. Caledonian Mercury, 30 Dec 1865 15. Bentley’s Miscellany, vol.1, 1837, pp.178–86: Pierce Egan, The Life of an Actor, 1825, p.218, and The Pilgrims of the Thames, 1838, p.97: Simon Trussler, Cambridge Illustrated History of British Theatre, 1994, p.154: H. W. Whanslaw, ‘Pedlars of Pleasure V: Spectacular Shows and Travelling Theatres’, in Chatterbox, 1927, pp.133–4 16. John Latimer, Maria Marten, or The Murder in The Red Barn… a Traditional Acting Version… by Montagu Slater, London, 1928: Swansea, University of Wales Archives, will of John Latimer, 1858, GTJ62528: Jacky Bratton & Ann Featherstone, The Victorian Clown, 2006, pp.20-1 17. Morning Post, 31 July 1845, p.6: , 11 August 1845, p.4 18. Morning Post, 29 July 1845, p.5 19. Report from the Select Committee on Criminal and Destitute Juveniles, 1852, pp.78–9 20. Aberdeen Journal, 30 June 1852 21. Simmonds, p.79 22. J. Thomson & Adolphe Smith, Street Life in London, 1877, p.34 23. Horwood: Monthly Magazine and British Register, 1 Nov 1822, p.371: Leigh’s New Picture of London, 1830, supplement, p.18 24. Gardener’s Magazine, vol.11, 1835, p.490: WHS, Spencer sales, 23 June 1835: Census: Simmonds, p.77 25. The Era, 22 Sept 1844, 9 Aug 1846, 16 Jan 1848: Ramsey, p.29 26. The Times, 19 Oct 1843, p.7

27. Harry R, ‘Familiar Epistles from London, No. III’, Dublin University Magazine, Aug 1833, p.157: John James Sexby, The Municipal Parks, Gardens and Open Spaces of London, 1905, p.72: London Society, vol.40, 1881, p.96 28. William Hone, The Every-Day Book, vol.2, 18 June 1825, p.810 29. Daily Journal, 22 Aug 1723 30. Whitehall Evening Post, 10–12 Jan, 1749: BV Mins, 21 July 1764: R. G. Crouch, The Coat: The Origin and Time of Doggett’s Famous Wager, 2005, pp.177–9: Daniel O’Quinn, Entertaining Crisis in the Atlantic Imperium, 1770–1790, 2010, p.387

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 68 Draft 31. Lloyd’s Evening Post, 26 Nov 1760: Morning Chronicle, 1 Aug 1817, 5 Sept 1818: The Times, 24 Aug 1819, p.1; 10 Aug 1830, p.3: Excursions in the Vicinity of London, 1844, p.55 32. The Good-Fellow’s Almanack and Calendar of Perpetual Jocularity, 1826, pp.225-6 33. Memoirs of William Hickey, ed. Peter Quennell, 1975, vol.2, p.146 34. Morning Post and Daily Advertiser, 11 Jan 1776: Pierce Egan, Book of Sports, and Mirror of Life, 1832, pp.378-9: The Era, 1847–51 passim 35. Egan, Book of Sports, pp.378-9 36. BV Mins, 16 April 1805 37. The Museum of Foreign Literature, Science and Art, vol.13, 1828, p.86 38. The Mirror of Literature, Amusement and Instruction, 23 Dec 1843, p.406 39. Simmonds, pp.77–8 40. The Times, 19 July 1794, p.4 41. Simmonds, p.77: Warwick Wroth, The London Pleasure Gardens of the Eighteenth Century, 1896, pp.200, 202, 302: WHS, illustrations of the Red House 42. WHS, Spencer sales, 23 June 1835: The Times, 12 May 1835, p.7 43. The Mirror of Literature, Amusement and Instruction, 23 Dec 1843, pp.405–6: The Living Age, no.84, 1864, p.276 44. WH, no.12, 1975, p 3 45. LMA, LMA/4608, leasebook no.3, pp.304–5 46. Daily News, 30 Nov 1853; John Timbs, Curiosities of London, 1855, p.782 47. POD: Loobey 2002, p.105 48. Lloyd’s Weekly Newspaper, 18 Feb 1872 49. Diana Howard, London Theatres and Music Halls, 1850–1950, 1970, pp.53, 103: Loobey 2004, pp.34, 47 50. Howard, p.148: Census 51. The Era, 10 Dec 1871: Charles Douglas Stuart & A. J. Park, The Variety Stage, 1895, pp.91, 137 52. The Era, 19 Jan 1873: Roy Busby, British Music Hall, 1976, p.23 53. Howard, pp.59, 104, 189: DSR 54. The Times, 2 Oct 1909, p.13 55. The Era, 23 Oct, 13 Nov 1886 56. Ibid., 22 Oct 1876; 22 Oct 1877 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 69 Draft 57. The Era, 13 Nov 1886 58. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/21 59. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/58149 & 19/21 60. The Era, 2 Nov 1889: Daily News, 6 Oct 1892: ODNB 61. Archibald Henderson, George Bernard Shaw: His Life and Works, a Critical Biography, 1911, p.142: George Bernard Shaw: The Diaries 1885–1897, vol.2, 1986, pp.906, 978, 1009 62. The Times, 11 Nov 1902, p.14: The Era and LCC Mins, passim: Howard, p.19 63. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/021: Manchester Guardian, 18 Feb 1922, p.8: The Times, 15 Feb 1922, p.8 64. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/021, 17/58149: information kindly supplied by Blanche Hinton, Alex Bloom’s daughter 65. LMA, CLC/B/173/MS19415/1, 19418; GLC/AR/BR/14/019: Census: POD 66. LMA, CLC/B/173/MS19415/1, 19418: Census 67. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/52/019 68. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/52/019; CLC/B/173/MS19415/1: Pall Mall Gazette, 23 June 1886: SWS, 23 Oct 1886, p.12 69. The Era, 9 April 1887: SWS, 2 Feb 1889, p.5 70. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/14/019: Census: information from Tony Virgo 71. Theatre Museum, production file: Trinity College of Music, Mander & Mitchenson collection, GB2649-MM-TG-BAP: The Era 25 March, 29 July, 27 Nov 1893 & 29 Sept 1894: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/14/019: TNA, J77/597/18242 72. www.its-behind-you.com/melvilles: The Era, 8 Aug 1896, p 12: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/14/019 & 52/019 73. SWS, 6 March 1896, p.8 74. Reynolds’s Newspaper, 5 April 1896: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/14/019 75. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/14/019; CLC/B/173/MS19418 76. DSR; POD: LMA, CLC/B/173/MS19418 77. Loobey 2004, p.54: WP: POD: www.douglasandking.com 78. The Sketch, Nov 1896 79. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/0330: The Era, 18 Jan 1890; 6 June 1891; 6 Feb 1892; 28 Aug & 30 Oct 1897: Reynolds’s Newspaper, 8 July 1894

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 70 Draft 80. LMA , GLC/AR/BR/07/0330 & 19/0330: The Era, 30 Oct 1897: BV, Annual Report, 1896, pp.66–7: Census 81. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/0330 & 19/0330: B, 27 June 1896, p.563: The Era, 30 Oct 1897 82. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/0330: BN, 27 Dec 1895, p.940: B, 27 June 1896, p.563: The Era, 27 June 1896, 22 Aug 1896: Theatre Museum, production file, cutting of 25 November 1896 83. B, 27 June 1896, p 563: The Era, 27 June 1896 84. SWS, 20 Nov 1896, p.6: The Era, 1 Oct 1896: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/0330 85. Glasgow Herald, 3 Jan 1898: Theatre Museum, production file, programme, 26 Dec 1899: The Era, 26 Aug 1899 86. The Era, 26 Feb 1898 87. Trinity College of Music, Mander & Mitchenson collection, TG2649-MM-TG-SHK: Theatre Museum, production file, programmes 1899, 1901, 1903: LMA, LCC/MIN/10862 88. LMA, LCC/MIN/10862, 10905; GLC/AR/BR/07/0330, 19/0330: Theatre Museum, production file 89. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/13/170453 90. LMA , GLC/AR/BR/19/0330: WP 91. Plans dated May 1890 in possession of Malcom Munt: ‘Munts Hall – Grand Hall of Varieties – Imperial Picture Theatre, Clapham Junction’, Cinema Theatre Association Bulletin, vol.4, no.6, Nov–Dec 1970, pp.33-6 92. LCC Mins, 29 Jan 1891, p.65; 12 May 1891, p.534; 29 Sept 1891, p.909; 25 July 1893, p.798: Daily News, 17 Jan 1891: The Era, 17 Jan 1891: TNA, BT31/5952/41937 93. Census: The Era, 1 May 1897: BL, MSS Evan. 486, 508: The Era, 2 March 1889: Reynolds’s Newspaper, 17 March 1889: www.oldbaileyonline 94. The Era, 20 & 27 Oct 1894 95. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/67961: Loobey 2004, p.49 96. LMA, LCC/MIN/10862: TNA, BT31/5952/41937: The Era, 1894–9, passim 97. The Era, 28 Oct 1900 98. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/1350 99. The Times, 11 Nov 1902, p.14, 29 Nov 1902, p.14 100. Cinema Theatre Association Bulletin, loc. cit. 101. Loobey 2004, p.49: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/7/1350, 17/67961: DSR 102. Cinema Theatre Association Bulletin, loc. cit. Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 71 Draft 103. Loobey 2004, p.51 104. WP 105. Ibid. 106. TNA, BT31/16321/64687: The Era, 27 July 1895, 8 July 1898, 8 July 1899, 27 Oct 1900 107. RIBA Library, biographical file 108. LMA, LCC/MIN/10862; GLC/AR/BR/19/229 109. The Era, 1 Dec 1900 110. B, 1 Dec 1900, pp.495–6 111. RIBA Library, biographical file 112. B, 2 June 1900, p.548: The Era, 19 May, 1 Dec 1900 113. The Era, 5 & 19 May 1900 114. LMA, LCC/MIN/10862; GLC/AR/BR/19/229: LCC Mins, 9 Nov 1909, p 961: The Era, 1 Dec, 1900 115. LMA, LCC/MIN/10862 116. Ibid.: ODNB: R. A. Baker, British Music Hall, 2005, p.81: Chris Woodward, The London Palladium, 2009, pp 52, 79: Luke McKernan (ed.), A Yank in Britain: The Lost Memoirs of Charles Urban, Film Pioneer, 1999, pp 56-9 117. LMA, LCC/MIN/10862: TNA, MEPO 3/942: Theatre Museum, Grand Theatre production file, passim 118. LMA, LCC/MIN/10862; GLC/AR/BR/19/229: TNA, BT31/16321/64687 119. www.arthurlloyd.co.uk/Clapham.htm 120. LMA, LCC/MIN/10862; GLC/AR/BR/19/229 121. Loobey 2004, p.43: SWS, 16 June 1950, p.1 122. Terry Cook, quoted in www.arthurlloyd.co.uk/Clapham.htm 123. SWS, 11 Oct 1963: WP: Theatre Museum, production file 124. WP 125. Ibid. 126. The Independent, 19 Dec 1991, p.14: Time Out, 4–11 Dec 1991: Theatre Museum, production file 127. The Independent, 19 Dec 1991, p.14: Designers’ Journal, March 1992, pp.46–9 128. WP: Context, vol.57, March 1998, p.11 129. WP: www.nexo-sa.com/asp/news/newspage.asp?id=73 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 72 Draft 130. WP: Trinity College of Music, Mander & Mitchenson collection, GB2649-MM-TG-BRI 131. WP: Trinity College of Music, Mander & Mitchenson collection, GB2649-MM-TG-LAT 132. WP 133. www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2009/nov/17/jongleurs-comedy-clubs-standup 134. B, 31 Jan 1863, pp.80-1; 22 April 1865, pp.279–81; 22 May 1865, pp.345–6 135. TNA, T1/13159: The Standard, 5 Aug 1882 136. The Times, 10 Aug 1882, p.13: TNA, WORK31/3338/19839; WORK/16/5/4 137. The Times, 11 July 1884, p.13: TNA, WORK31/3338/19839 138. TNA, T1/13159 139. B, 1 March 1884, p.317; 13 June 1885, p.852 140. The Engineer, 23 May 1884, p.386 141. B, 13 June 1885, p.852 142. ILN, 13 June 1885, p.616 143. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/032: The Times, 26 Nov 1883, p.4; 18 Oct 1884, p.12; 11 Jan 1911, p.11: B, 1 March 1884, pp.316–7; 2 May 1885, p.634; 13 June 1885, p.852: BN, 29 Feb 1884, pp.344–5; 1 May 1885, pp.680–1: WH, no.45, June 1985, pp.1-7 144. The Times, 27 April 1885, p.9: B, 2 May 1885, p.634: C.W. Pearce, Notes on Old City Churches: Their Organs, Organists and Musical Associations, 1909, p.191 145. TNA, WORK16/5/5: LMA, O/522/001: The Graphic, 13 June 1885, p. 592 146. The Times, 11 July 1884, p.13; 26 Aug 1884, p.9: ILN, 28 June 1884, p. 638: Morning Post, 3 Aug, 1886, p.3 147. ILN, 11 April 1885, p.369: Musical Times, 1 Dec 1897, p.842 148. Joany Hichberger, ‘Democratising Glory? The Victoria Cross Paintings of Louis Desanges’, in Oxford Art Journal, vol.7, no.2, 1984, pp.42–51: The Observer, 31 May 1885, p.6 149. The Standard, 1 Nov 1892, p.2 150. Saloni Mathur, ‘Living Ethnological Exhibits: The Case of 1886’, Cultural Anthropology, vol.15, no.4, Nov 2000, pp.492–524: The Times, 27 Oct 1885, p.6 151. Theatre Museum, Albert Palace file: The Times, 24 April 1886, p.5; 15 Nov 1886, p.7; 10 Feb 1887, p.9 152. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/14/032: B, 16 April 1892, p.302: TNA, BT31/3338/19839

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 73 Draft 153. The Times, 27 June 1892, p.17; 11 Oct 1892, p.4; 24 Dec 1892, p.11; 5 Oct 1893, p.2; 6 Jan 1894, p.11; 17 Jan 1894, p.14: BN, 24 Oct 1892, p.620: Penny Illustrated Paper, 29 Oct 1892, p. 278 154. The Times, 12 Aug 1893, p.10 155. Musical Times, 1 Sept 1893, p.550: The Times, 25 Aug 1893, p.8; 30 Aug 1893, p.10: WHS, Parochial Offices Committee Mins, 22 Sept 1893 156. David Oswald Hunter Blair, In Victorian Days and Other Papers, 1939, pp.226–8 157. Bernard Shaw’s Book Reviews, ed. Brian Tyson, vol. 2, 1996, p.481 158. The Times, 30 May 1894, p.10; 31 May 1894, p.10 159. TNA, WORK16/12/6, 7; 16/13/2 160. This account of Dream City is based unless otherwise stated on LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/0272; LCC/AR/TH/01/040; GLC/AR/BR/22/BA/062781: TNA, BT31/12280/96747 161. General Catalogue of Officers and Students, 1837–1901, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1902 : obit. in New York Times, 1 Sept 1943 162. The Times, 13 Nov 1907, p. 14: David Goodman and Colin Chant, The European Cities and Technology Reader, 1999, p. 164 163. The Times, 13 Nov 1907, p.14: Theodore Andrea Cooke, The Fourth Olympiad, being the Official Report: The Olympic Games of 1908, 1909, pp. 26, 45, 388–93 164. ‘Lucerna: the Magic Lantern Web Resource’, www.slides.uni-trier.de/index.php: Sunday School Chronicle, 20 October 1876, p.248; 24 Oct 1901, p.738; 11 Feb 1904, p.150: Church Army Gazette, 15 March 1893, p.6: LMA, LCC/MIN/10775 165. Census: Robert W. Paul, ‘Kinematograph experiences’, [1936] in Raymond Fielding, ed., A Technological History of Motion Pictures and Television, 1967, p.44: The Era, 28 March 1896: www.victorian-cinema.net/maskelyne.htm 166. Census 167. Loobey 2004, p. 54: Merry-Go-Round, vol.12, no.2, March 1959, quoted in http://members.shaw.ca/pauline777/Fairs1900.html 168. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/578 169. TNA, BT31/19297/08138 170. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/466, 467: Jon Burrows, ‘Penny Pleasures: Film Exhibition in London during the Nickelodeon Era, 1906–1914', in Film History, no.16/1, Spring 2004, Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 74 Draft pp.60–91, and ‘Penny Pleasures II: Indecency, Anarchy and Junk Film in London’s “Nickleodeons”, 1906-14’, in Film History, no.16/2, Summer 2004, pp.172–97 171. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/466 & 467, 19/467 172. Loobey 2004, pp. 30, 37–8 173. Ibid., pp.37–8 174. Loobey 2004, p.33: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/34226 & 17/67529 175. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/0738: TNA, BT31/19549/10540 176. Margaret Dickinson and Sarah Street, Cinema and State: Film Industry and the British Government, 1927-84, 1985 177. Loobey 2004, p.53: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/2316 178. TNA, BT31/19954/115105 179. Theatre Museum, London, buildings file THM.2.45: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/2316 180. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/529 181. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/0726: The Times, 17 Oct 1942, p.2 182. WP: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/61673, GLC/AR/BR/07/529 183. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/2604: Allan Eyles, Odeon Cinemas 1: Oscar Deutsch Entertains Our Nation, 2002, p.202 184. Allan Eyles, The Granada Theatres, 1998, pp.93–8: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/2604, GLC/AR/BR/19/2604 185. ODNB: Richard Gray, ‘Theodore Komisarjevsky, man of the theatre – and cinema interior designer’, in Picture House, no.33, 2008, pp.3–20 186. Loobey 2004, pp.44–6 187. WP 188. Gray, p.20: Loobey 2004, pp.45–6: WP 189. WP: Daily Telegraph, 18 Oct 2007: www.assael.co.uk 190. WP: information from David Andrews of Wandsworth Council, and Mark Thompson of TMD 191. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/2316 192. Trinity College of Music, Mander & Mitchenson collection, GB2649-MM-TG-WTV 193. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/4016 194. POD: DSR: www.thesnookerforum.com/board/archive/index.php/t-24578.html 195. English Mechanic & World of Science, vol.52, 1891, p.481 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 75 Draft 196. Goad: POD: DSR: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/4016 197. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/4016: WP 198. POD 199. WP: www.naganjohnson.co.uk 200. WHS, BP 6/5/1892: POD: EH, London Historians’ file (building types) 201. POD: WP 202. WP 203. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/07/170961 204. TNA, MEPO3/767 205. The Times, 17 Oct 1942, p.2

CHAPTER 7 (pp. xxx-xxx)

The Railways

1. PA, HL/PO/JO/10/8/1077, 5 June 1834: R. A. Williams, The London & South Western Railway, vol.1, 1968, p.14 2. John Howard Turner, The London Brighton & South Coast Railway, vol.1, 1977, pp.66–7, 77, 111: PA, HL/PO/JO/10/8/1077, 27 June 1834 3. PA, HL/PO/JO/10/8/1077, 2 June 1834 4. TNA, RAIL412/1 5. Arthur Freeling, The London and Railway Companion, 1839, pp.24–5 6. PA, HL/PO/JO/10/8/1077 7. BV Mins, Jan 1834–Sept 1835: PA, HL/PO/JO/10/8/1077, 5 June 1834 8. The Times, 31 May 1838, p.6 9. The Times, 29 Aug 1843, p.5 10. Williams, vol.1, pp.158–69 11. J. R. Piggott, Palace of the People: The Crystal Palace at Sydenham 1854–1936, 2004, pp.34–5 12. TNA, RAIL729/3, 2 Aug & 6 Oct 1853 13. Edwin Course, London Railways, 1962, p.94

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 76 Draft 14. The Times, 1 Oct 1852, p.3 15. PA, HC/CL/PB/2/21/54 16. TNA, WORK16/8/1/11–12 17. TNA, RAIL 729/8; WORK16/8/1: PA, HC/CL/PB/2/21/54 18. TNA, RAIL729/3, 22 Feb 1854, 7 June 1855, Feb 1858: The Times, 1 Oct 1852, p.3 19. ODNB

20. The Times, 1 Oct 1852, p.3: TNA, WORK16/8/1; WORK1066/1680, evidence of R. Jacomb Hood, 2 May 1864: John G. Cox, Samuel Morton Peto (1809–1889), 2008, pp.51–2

21. The Times, 20 June 1856, p.5; 6 July 1857, p.12: TNA, RAIL414/437; 729/8

22. TNA, RAIL729/3, 13 June & 3 July 1857; 729/8; 797/153: J. E. Connor, London’s Disused Stations, vol.6, 2002, pp.57–9 23. C. F. Dendy Marshall and R. W. Kidner, A History of the Southern Railway, vol. 1, 1963, p.211 24. Metcalf, p.10 25. LMA, MR/U/P/0532 26. Tim Sherwood, Change at Clapham Junction, 1994, p.11 27. Adrian Gray, The London, Chatham & Dover Railway, 1984, pp.76–7 28. BN, 12 Feb 1864, p.108 29. TNA, RAIL415/1 30. Gray, pp.12, 76 31. ICE Proceedings, vol.27, 1867–8, pp.68–81 32. PA, HL/PO/PB/5/30/6; W27, 1864: TNA, WORK16/18/10 33. PA, HC/CL/PB/2/30/43 & 2/31/28: TNA, WORK1066/1680, evidence of Fox, 28 April 1864 34. D. L. Bradley, The Locomotive History of the London, Chatham & Dover Railway, 1979, p.6 35. B, 20 Jan 1877, p.66; 28 April 1877, p.423; 4 June 1887, p.856: Williams, vol.2, 1973, p.76 36. J. N. Faulkner and R. A. Williams, The London & South Western Railway in the 20th Century, 1988, pp.46–54 37. Turner, vol.3, 1979, pp.81–6, 137, 141–2 38. www.kentrail.co.uk/Stewarts%20Lane.htm 39. TNA, RAIL253/717 40. Ibid. Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 77 Draft 41. Percy J. Edwards, History of London Street Improvements 1855–1897, 1898, p.189: B, 5 July 1890, p.19 42. SWS, 28 April 1894, p.2 43. Booth, 1st series, Poverty, vol.1, p.295; 3rd series, Religious Influences, vol.5, p.162 44. LMA, MS 19421/6, 30 April 1883 45. Clapham Gazette, May 1866, p.80 46. B, 8 May 1869, p.375 47. The Times, 15 Jan 1889, p.9 48. Booth, 1st series, Poverty, vol.1, p.313 49. CERC, ECE 7/1/48709 50. Ibid., ECE 7/1/50592, Part 2 51. Census 52. Ibid. 53. J. Derrick, ‘Nine Elms Station in 1839’, The London Railway Record, Oct 1998, pp.137–8: Connor, vol. 5, 2005, pp.16–23 54. Carroll L. V. Meeks, The Railroad Station, 1956, pp.29–32 55. Gordon Biddle, ‘Sir William Tite and Railways’, Back-Track, vol.22, 2008, p.532 56. TNA, RAIL412/1, Oct 1837–March 1839 57. Colvin, p.1044: Hamilton Ellis, The South Western Railway, 1956, p.38 58. Williams, vol.1, p. 37 59. The Mirror of Literature, Amusement and Instruction, 14 Sept 1839, quoted in Derrick, p.138 60. B, 2 Oct 1942, p.282 61. EH, Archives Centre, MD55/6–17 62. TNA, RAIL411/399

63. The Times, 12 April 1864, p.12B: Connor, vol.5, p.19 64. B, 2 Oct 1942, p.281 65. John Betjeman, First and Last Loves, 1960 edn, p.84 66. The Times, 18 Jan 1951, p.3; 19 Jan 1951, pp.5 & 10; 24 Aug 1951, p.2; 5 Aug 1960, p.5 67. Connor, vol.5, p.38, quoting South Western Gazette, 7 Dec 1889 68. Derrick, p.138 69. Connor, vol.5, p.38, quoting South Western Gazette, Jan 1890 70. BDCE, vol.2, p.493 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 78 Draft 71. Peter F. Winding, ‘Historic Locomotive Depots: Nine Elms’, Railway World, Nov 1980, pp.574–6: Simmonds, p.6: Connor, vol.5, pp.18-19 72. PA, HC/CL/PB/2/30/42, LSWR Additional Powers Bill, evidence of J. S. Stratton, 4 March 1862 73. The Engineer, 21 Aug 1868, pp.132–3 74. Winding, Nov 1980, pp.575–7 75. Faulkner & Williams, pp.183–4 76. Penny Illustrated Paper, 6 Oct 1894, p.218 77. Faulkner & Williams, pp.183–4: Winding, Nov 1980, pp.578–9 78. Railway Magazine, Jan 1900, pp.72–8: The Times, 14 Aug 1930, p.14 79. B, 2 Oct 1942, p.283: Survey of London, vol.26, 1956, pp.76–8 80. Railway Magazine, Jan 1900, p.77 81. ABN, 19 March 1937, pp.352–5: AR, Jan 1937, pp.29–30 82. TNA, RAIL415/1: Kidner, p.13: WHS, misc. deeds, box X54 (Gonsalva Road): Metcalf, p.12 83. Kidner, p.6 84. TNA, RAIL415/1: Peter F. Winding, Railway World, Oct 1960, pp.296–300, & Feb 1980, pp.62–70 85. Kidner, p.13: O. S. Nock, The South Eastern and Chatham Railway, 1961, p.75 86. Course, p.115 87. TNA, RAIL415/1 88. Simmonds, p.90: TNA, RAIL415/92; 415/100/1, 2; 415/102/3: Winding, Oct 1960 & Feb 1980 89. TNA, RAIL415/1 90. John and Robert Tatchell, ‘A Visit to Longhedge Works, S.E. & C.R., in 1903’, Archive, nos 15, Sept 1997, pp.3–15, and 16, Dec 1997, pp.31–41 91. Simmonds, pp.87, 89 92. Mechanical World, 13 & 20 Aug 1886, pp.29–32 93. TNA, RAIL415/42: Simmonds, p.87 94. Simmonds, p.90: Mechanical World, 13 & 20 Aug 1886, pp.29–32 95. National Rail Plan Room, unnumbered microfiches for Longhedge site: LCDR letter books, Jan–March 1887, communicated by Malcolm Parker Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 79 Draft 96. TNA, RAIL415/93 97. Simmonds, p.91: Mechanical World, 13 & 20 Aug 1886, pp.29–32 98. Course, p.115 99. Sherwood, p.93 100. This list is based on the following sources: TNA, RAIL415/1; 415/44; 415/91; 92, 93: 415/100/1; 415/101/2, 4, 9, 12, 13, 16, 17, 19, 22, 23, 25; 415/102/3: National Rail Plan Room 225867, 229843, 251002, 251006, 275836 276842, 801584, 902470, & unnumbered plans of 1886 for carriage cleaning shed: B, 4 Aug 1877, p.798: Simmonds, pp.87–90: Winding, p.64 101. Connor, vol.6, p. 59 102. Simmonds, p.87 103. Sherwood, p.92: TNA, ZLIB4/181; RAIL1057/3215/1, 2 104. P. F. Winding, ‘Historic Locomotive Depots: Battersea Park’, Railway World, Oct 1980, pp.595–601 105. National Rail Plan Room, drawings 204906–21, 204934–5 106. Information from John Minnis 107. National Rail Plan Room, drawings 204931–3, 204936 108. Simmonds, p.85 109. Sherwood, p.26 110. Ibid. 111. Ibid., pp.10–13: Clapham Gazette, March 1866, p.69 112. All the Year Round, 14 July 1866, p.16 113. B, 3 Jan 1874, p.7 114. Sherwood, p.15: B, 3 Jan 1874, pp.7–8 115. B, 13 June 1874, p.499 116. Sherwood, pp.15–16 117. Simmonds, p.151 118. Richard Ellmann, Oscar Wilde, 1987, p.465 119. Railway Times, 13 April 1907, pp.377–8: Sherwood, pp.18–19 120. TNA, MT6/1492/2 121. DSR: Daily Telegraph, 10 Jan 1908: Daily Graphic, 11 Sept 1909: Evening News, 26 Aug 1910: Sherwood, pp.19–21 122. LCC Mins, 1–2 Aug 1911, p.593; 30 Jan 1912, pp.137–8 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 80 Draft 123. Sherwood, pp.25–6; WHS, Area Plans Box, South Battersea and Clapham Junction 124. Evening Standard, 29 June 2010: www.theheartofbattersea.co.uk: www.osborne.co.uk: www.thejunctionhealthcentre.co.uk: www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/corporate/London-overground-works-clapham- junction-2012.pdf 125. TNA, MT6/171/2: Simmonds, p.151: Sherwood, p.25

126. Tony Atkins, GWR Goods Services Part 2A: Goods Depots and their Operations, 2007, pp.160–71 127. Tony Atkins & David Hyde, GWR Goods Services: An Introduction, 2000, p.85 128. Course, p.112 129. DSR 130. TNA, AN169/860: BBC Mins, 18 Dec 1963, pp.210–11; 25 March 1964, p.311 131. Course, p.113 132. TNA, AN169/860 133. Daily News, 29 March 1858: Morning Post, 27 March 1858, p.4 134. TNA, RAIL797/153: Connor, vol.6, pp.57–9 135. National Rail Plan Room, drawing 210122 136. TNA, MT6/47/3: Connor, vol.6, pp.5–7 137. Information from John Minnis 138. National Rail Plan Room, drawing 210118 139. Ibid., drawing 260707 140. Sherwood, p.64 141. A, 16 Oct 1869, p.190 142. Dendy Marshall & Kidner, vol.2, Appendix 6 143. Wandsworth Advertiser, 15 March 1984 144. National Rail Plan Room, drawings 204309–18 145. Connor, vol.6, pp.4–7 146. Ibid., vol.6, p.68 147. B, 20 Jan 1877, p.66 148. Connor, vol.5, pp.64–70 149. Clapham Gazette, Dec 1863, pp.17–19 150. Ibid. Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 81 Draft 151. Connor, vol.5, p.6 152. National Rail Plan room, drawing 280485: Connor, vol.6, p.45 153. Connor, vol.6, p.68 154. Information from John Minnis

CHAPTER 8 (pp. xxx-xxx)

Industry

1. WDBW Sanitary Department, Report for 1866, p.29 2. Corris: Parish map 3. Taylor, p.95: K. G. Farries and M. T. Mason, The Windmills of Surrey and Inner London, 1966, pp.48–9: RB 4. TNA, C24/956/45: GL, MS 8674/50/62305–6: WH, no. 71, Spring 2000, p.8 5. Taylor, pp.5–6, 95–6, 221–2: Parish map 6. The Connoisseur, Oct 1918, pp.83–4: Burlington Magazine, May 1990, p.333: WHS, local enquiry file 7. Birmingham Central Library, Boulton & Watt Archive and Matthew Boulton Papers, MS 3147/3/371, items 34–7: ODNB 8. L. F. Haber, The Chemical Industry during the Nineteenth Century, 1958, p.14: RB: POD 9. RB: WHS, local enquiry files: Judy Slinn, A History of May & Baker 1834–1984, 1984, pp.15– 16, 19–20 10. ODNB: POD: The Times, 3 Dec 1823, p.3; 3 Jan 1835, p.2: ILN, 20 March 1847, p.178; 6 Nov 1852, p.375: Morning Chronicle, 5 Feb 1862: Ramsey, pp.76–7 11. RB: LMA, MS 11936/513/1076016: ILN, 22 April 1854, p.369 12. National Maritime Museum, Caird Library, MS LBK/54, p.4 13. Corris: Bailey 2010, pp.15, 17 14. SLP, 12 July 1884, p.4: Garton Sons & Company, Gartons of Battersea (brochure), 1960: information from Chris Ellmers 15. TNA, IR58/88170/202, 207; IR58/88169/199: POD

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 82 Draft 16. BN, 8 Jan 1875, p.38: TNA, BT 356/8606, 8657, 8973, 9391, 9404, 9763, 10359, 11793 17. LMA, B/WHF/4 18. The Complete Launderer, ed. Ancliffe Prince, 1938, pp.17–19: Ancliffe Prince, The Craft of Laundering, 1970 edn, p.18 19. Margot Jeffreys, Mobility in the Labour Market. Employment Changes in Battersea and Dagenham, 1954, pp.17–19: POD 20. Jeffreys, pp.17–18: Slinn, pp.112–15: LMA, B/WHF/245 21. Jeffreys, p.18 22. SLP, 22 Feb 1974 23. Census: Booth, 1st series, Poverty, vol.1, pp.296–7: Booth collection, B93, p.9 24. Booth collection, B60, pp.151, 152; B116, p.54: WH, no.76, Spring 2003, pp.2–3 25. Booth collection, B60, p.151: Victorian Studies, vol.24, no.4, Summer 1989, p.446 26. Slinn, pp.86–7: Daily Herald, 30 Sept 1913; 1 & 17 Oct 1913: Jo Stanley and Bronwen Griffiths, For Love & Shillings. Wandsworth Women’s Working Lives, 1990, pp.137, 139 27. Simmonds, p.42: ILN, 2 Dec 1854, p.53; 16 Nov 1861, p.503 28. Booth, 1st series, Poverty, vol.1, pp.292–4 29. Stanley and Griffiths, pp.129, 132: TNA, MH 66/303 30. Deyan Sudjic in The Observer on Sunday, 18 May 2003, Features and Reviews, p.6 31. RB: Farries and Mason, p.49: Michael Short, Windmills in Lambeth, 1971, p.45 32. SOX 514: Public Advertiser, 3 June 1860: Gazetteer and London Daily Advertiser, 17 Aug 1762: London Evening Post, 2–4 Aug 1763: Farries and Mason, p.49: Edwards, pt 1, p.21 33. This paragraph is based largely on A. J. Francis, The Cement Industry 1796–1914, 1978 edn, pp.43–58 34. POD: TNA, IR58/88169, 88170: WP 35. LMA, MBW/OW/CB/6, no.26; LMA/4335/B: Lynn F. Pearson, British Breweries, 1999, p.83 36. RB: POD: TNA, IR58/88169, 88170 37. RB: POD: BDA 5349; TNA, IR58/88170/201–2 38. LMA, B/LGLC/4, 1855–62; B/LGLC/11, 1856–65: E. G. Stewart, Historical Index of Gasworks past and present in the area now served by the North Thames Gas Board 1806–1957, 1957, p.68: Simmonds, p.105

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 83 Draft 39. LMA, B/LGLC/4, 2 Jan, 2 April 1856, 18 Nov 1857; B/LGLC/11, 15 Feb 1860, 6 Feb 1861; B/LGLC/12, pp.31, 144: ILN, 11 Nov 1865, pp.463, 465: The Times, 2 Nov 1865, p.12 40. WH, no.1, Feb 1971, pp.9–10: Stewart, p.65: Andro Linklater, An Unhusbanded Life, 1980, p.70 41. WH, no.63, 1991, p.22: LMA, B/LGLC/12, p.342; B/LGLC/6, p.96; LMA/4223/02/02/113: The Gas Light and Coke Company, 1912, pp.45, 63 42. King’s Treatise, ed. Thomas Newbigging and W. T. Fewtrell, vol.1, 1878, pp.367, 369–70: Simmonds, pp.20–1: Stirling Everard, The History of the Gas Light and Coke Company 1812– 1949, 1949, pp.281, 298: LMA, LMA/4223/02/02/113, p.3: Trevor I. Williams, A History of the British Gas Industry, 1981, pp.72–3, 129 43. LMA, B/GLCC/120, 13 Nov & 11 Dec 1891; B/GLCC/121, 6 Jan 1893: information kindly supplied by Malcolm Tucker 44. LMA, LMA/4223/02/02/113; LMA/4223/02/04/031; GLC/AR/OS/01/000013: Stewart, pp.68–9 45. Malcolm Falkus, Always under Pressure: A History of North Thames Gas since 1949, 1988, pp.15, 32–3: Everard, p.368: LMA, LMA/4223/02/02/114: The Times, 21 May 1952, p.7; 22 May 1952, p.8 46. Falkus, pp.160, 199 47. London Architect, Jan 1982, pp.1–5 48. Construction, Spring 1982, pp.12–14: Bridget Cherry and , The Buildings of England, London 2: South, 1983, p.677: TNA, STAT14/4311 49. SLP, 13 Dec 1983, p.6: WP 50. BDA 3005, 3480, 3538, 3615: TNA, IR58/88169/183: ABN, 16 Aug 1956, pp.226–32: WP 51. POD: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/017156: WH, no. 85, Autumn 2007, pp.14–16 52. WP 53. 4 & 5 William IV, c. lxxix, local: LMA, ACC/2558/MW/C/15/195: H. W. Dickinson, Water Supply of Greater London, 1954, pp.80–4 54. BDCE, vol.1, 2002, p.16: GLIAS, ‘Battersea Water Works’, draft report by Malcolm Tucker and Tim Smith, 1992/3 55. LMA, MBW/OW/BP/1/7–8; ACC/2558/SV/1/10/1, pp.13–14, 33, 38 56. LMA, ACC/2558/SV/1/10/1, pp.169–70: Dickinson, p.82 57. LMA, ACC/2558/SV/1/10/1, pp.116–17, 170, 195 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 84 Draft 58. Ibid., pp.171–2: 8 & 9 Vic, c.lxix 59. LMA, ACC/2558/SV/1/10/1, p.453; ACC/2558/SV/1/11B/1, pp. 2–3, 26, 10, 18–19, 25, 104: PP 1850 (1281–4), Report on Supply of Water to the Metropolis, 1850, p.21 60. LMA, ACC/2558/SV/1/11B/1, pp.3, 37, 132 61. Ibid., pp.44, 149; LMA, ACC/2558/MW/C/15/195: Report on Supply of to the Metropolis, 1850, pp.21–3 62. 15 & 16 Vic, c.84: 15 & 16 Vic, c.clviii: LMA, ACC/2558/SV/1/11B/1, pp.450, 504, 532; ACC/2558/SV/1/12/1, pp.1, 118, 164, 168 63. LMA, ACC/2558/SV/1/12/1, pp.218–9 64. Henry Mayhew and John Binny, 1862, quoted in SWS, 23 Sept 1983: Norman Macleod, ‘The Water Supply of London’, in Good Words, 1864 (information kindly supplied by Bryce Caller) 65. LMA, ACC/2558/SV/1/12/1, pp.266ff 66. www.capsu.org/history/pneumatic_despatch.html 67. LMA, ACC/2558/SV/1/13/1, pp.97, 113, 189, 198, 358, 406, 410: Zerah Colburn and William H. Maw, The Waterworks of London, 1867, p.62 68. ILN, 19 July 1884, p.59: Richard Sisley, The London Water Supply: A Retrospect and Survey, 1899, p.140: The Times, 10 June 1903, p.5 69. LMA, ACC/2558/MW/1/97/1, pp.201–2, 228–30; ACC/2558/MW/1/102, pp.108–9: WHS, MBB/1/14, p.306 70. Jon Lowe, ‘Pumphouse and former Battersea Waterworks structures, Cringle Street, Battersea’ (CgMs Consulting Historic Building Record), June 2005: AJ, 1 March 2001: Private Eye, 7 March 1997: WP 71. DSR 72. British Architect, 1 Sept 1882, p.421: B, 26 July 1884, p.148: WP 73. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/10/BA/0426/C/BA: POD: Sea Breezes: The Shiplovers’ Digest, 1969 74. Tithe: OS, 1st edn, 1870 75. TNA, WORK16/15/1; IR58/88217/105: B, 18 July 1863, p.522; 14 Oct 1876, pp.996–8: Museum of English Rural Life (Reading), TR SCM P2/B548 76. SLP, 12 July 1884, p.4: B, 12 July 1884, p.72 77. WHS, local enquiry file: TNA, IR58/88217/166–9 78. TNA, IR58/88217/105: POD: WP Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 85 Draft 79. DSR: Ramsey, p.76: POD: LA, IV/134/1, reports for 1888–92, 1893–4 80. BDA 5589: The Times, 9 Feb 1901, p.5: LMA, ACC/1297/BUS/37/1, 2: Barker & Robbins, vol.2, pp.165–6: TNA, IR58/88217/111–12 81. Booth collection, B390, pp.63–9: Social Gazette, 19 Nov 1898, p.3 82. TNA, IR58/88217/110–11: POD: Stanley and Griffiths, p.130: NMR photo AA73/1434 83. WHS, local enquiry file: SLP, 22 July 1876: POD: WH, no. 90, Autumn 2010, pp.1–6: Slinn, p.56 84. Colin Thom, ‘Fine veneers, army boots and tinfoil: new light on Marc Isambard Brunel’s activities in Battersea’, in Construction History, vol. 25, 2010, pp.53–67 85. Science Museum Library (Swindon), Goodrich Papers, Journals and Memorandums Book 10, 15 Aug, 2 Sept and 12 & 15 Oct 1805; Book 12, 15 Oct 1805; Book 13, 13 May 1806; Book 14, 14 June and 20 July 1806: Richard Beamish, Memoir of the life of Sir Marc Isambard Brunel, 1862, p.37 86. RB: National Maritime Museum, Caird Library, MS LBK/54, pp.4–5: ODNB 87. National Maritime Museum, Caird Library, MS LBK/54, p.17 88. TNA, ADM140/98–9; MPHH 1/245: Beamish, p.101: Harold Bagust, The Greater Genius? A Biography of Marc Isambard Brunel, 2006, pp.36-7: Survey of London, vol.48, 2012, p.?? 89. National Maritime Museum, Caird Library, MS LBK/54, passim: POD: Beamish, p.128: Bagust, pp.36–7: Survey of London, vol.4, 1913, p.40 90. Science Museum Library & Archives (Swindon), Goodrich Papers, Journals and Memorandums Book 17, 30 Jan 1807, pp.3–8 91. Sir Richard Phillips, A Morning’s Walk from London to Kew, 1810 edn, p.46: Penny Magazine, July 1840, p.262: Paul Clements, Marc Isambard Brunel, 1970, p.39: Beamish, p.104 92. Bagust, p.38: Beamish, pp.104, 128, 165 93. RB: Bagust, p.51: Mudge Memoirs, ed. Stamford Raffles Flint, 1883, p.61 94. RB 95. BL, Add. MS 76117 96. Ibid.: Beamish, pp.133, 135: Bagust, p.44: Clements, p.54 97. BL, Add. MS 76117: Bagust, pp.45–6 98. The Times, 5 Sept 1815, p.3: Bagust, p.46 99. Bagust, pp.46, 51: Clements, p.63 100. Clements, pp.63, 68–9 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 86 Draft 101. POD: TNA, PROB11/1701 102. Beamish, pp.144–6: Clements, pp.68–9: Science Museum Library (Swindon), MSS 346/1, 2 103. Clements, pp.70, 74, 80: RB 104. POD 105. K. Vaughan Morgan, Battersea Works. Being Extracts from A Lecture given on the 23rd February, 1923 (copy in WHS), p.16: Barker & Robbins, vol.1, pp.165–6: ILN, 14 Aug 1852 106. WHS, Morgan Crucible Deeds Box 1: Frank Burtt, Paddle Steamers of the Thames and Medway, 1949, pp.42–3 107. Barker & Robbins, vol.2, p.331: Morgan, p.16 108. This and the following paragraphs are based largely on: Sir Austin Hudson, The Brothers Morgan, 1953: K. Vaughan Morgan, Battersea Works. Being extracts from a lecture given on the 23rd February, 1923 (copy in WHS): Richard L. Bennett, Battersea Works 1856–1956, 1956: Uncommon Clay, 1954: WHS, Morgan Crucible deeds boxes 109. WHS, misc. deeds, box X66 110. DSR: MBW Mins, 19 Oct 1866, p.1294; 5 Aug 1870, p.228; 3 May 1872, p.637: A, 22 April 1871, pp.209–10: BN, 15 Dec 1871, p.451 111. Simmonds, pp.155–6: DSR: MBW Mins, 13 Dec 1872, pp.687–8: B, 24 March 1888, pp.206, 210 112. DSR: WH, no.9, Dec 1973, p.5: Simmonds, pp.155–6 113. WH, no.9, Dec 1973, p.5: Goad fire insurance plans, 1925 114. WH, no.9, Dec 1973, p.6: LCC Mins, 6 March 1934, p.471; 16 Oct 1934, p.346: Concrete & Constructional Engineering, March 1936, pp.177–82 115. SLP, 7 Feb 1969; 5 March 1974, p.2; 27 May 1977; 21 Feb 1978: SWS, 9 Oct 1970, p.1: The Times, 12 Feb 1969, p.24; 24 Oct 1978, p.6 116. Lysons, p.31: Henry Hunter, The History of London and its Environs, vol.2, 1811, p.124: David Hughson, London, vol.5, 1813, p.397 117. Mechanics’ Magazine, 19 Nov 1825, pp.67–9: Rex Wailes, ‘Horizontal Windmills’, in Transactions of the Newcomen Society, vol.40, 1967–8, pp.135–6, 143–5: Bennet Woodcroft (ed.), Alphabetical Index of Patentees of Inventions, 1854, sub Hooper: TNA, PROB11/1536 118. Rees’s Manufacturing Industry (1819–20), ed. Neil Cossons, vol.5, 1972, p.412: G. Gregory, A Dictionary of Arts & Sciences, vol.2, 1807, p.909 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 87 Draft 119. Hughson, ibid.: William, James, and Jacob Malcolm, General View of the Agriculture of the County of Surrey, 1794, p.32 120. Malcolm, p.31: Rees’s Manufacturing Industry, ibid.: Birmingham Central Library, Boulton & Watt Archive and Matthew Boulton Papers, MS 3147/3/412/45–7: The Times, 26 Sept 1827, p.3 121. WHS, cuttings: DBB, p.175: EH, London historians’ files, WW80 122. Booth collection, B116, p.52 123. DBB, pp.825, 831, 833: Hurford Jones (for Joseph Rank Ltd), The Master Millers. The Story of the House of Rank, 1955, pp.48, 51: The Times, 12 July 1939, p.16 124. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/023078: LCC Mins, 18 Feb 1930, p.325: BDA: WP 125. WP: Cooke, pp.129–30 126. WBN, 11 May 1990, p.8; 14 Oct 1994, p.5; 4 Aug 1995, p.5: Cooke, p.130 127. LMA, B/WHF/4, 245: DBB, pp.763–5 128. WDBW Mins, 15 April 1874: POD 129. Simmonds, p.159: POD: TNA, IR58/88344/2798 130. Metropolitan Borough of Battersea, Official Guide, 1929 edn, pp.64, 66: Electrical News, 13 July 1928, pp.56–8: WP 131. WP: Financial Times, 3 March 1958, p.8 132. POD: WP: Victor S. Wigmore, Memoirs of a Concrete Consultant, 1979 133. Financial Times, 30 Dec 1965, p.10; 30 June 1969, p.28: Investors’ Chronicle and Stock Exchange Gazette, vol.15, 1971, p.504 134. Tim Tatton-Brown, ‘Reigate Stone at Battersea’, in London Archaeologist, vol.9, no.6, Autumn 2000, p.160; idem, ‘The Quarrying and Distribution of Reigate Stone in the Middle Ages’, Medieval Archaeology, vol.45, 2001, pp.193–7 135. Duncan Hawkins et al, ‘The Archbishop of York’s Battersea Mansion’, in London Archaeologist, vol.9, no.5, Summer 2000, pp.129–36: Christopher Phillpotts, ‘York House, Battersea (Price’s Candle Factory)’, Documentary Research Assessment (Appendix 2) in Karl Hülka, ‘Assessment of an Archaeological Excavation at the former Price’s Patent Candle Factory, York Place, London Borough of Wandsworth, SW11’, Pre-Construct Archaeology report, May 2002 136. WH, no.75, Autumn 2002, pp.12–14: Hawkins et al, p.130: RB: Evans, pp.13, 14: Malcolm, p.35 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 88 Draft 137. Phillpotts, p.96: LMA, Acc/2079/F1/3 138. In addition to the sources listed hereafter, much of this account is based on Erika Speel, ‘English pictorial enamels: Battersea and Bilston enamels and their successors’, in Antiques, vol.17, no.6, June 2007, pp.88–95: Therle Hughes and Bernard Hughes, English Painted Enamels, 1951: Egan Mew, Battersea Enamels, 1926 139. Public Advertiser, 9 June 1756 140. Cyril Cook, ‘A Pioneer in Porcelain Decoration’, Country Life, 26 Jan 1951, pp.250–1 141. ODNB: W. B. Honey, ‘Royal Portraits in Pottery and Porcelain’, in Burlington Magazine, May 1937, p.229 142. A. J. Toppin, ‘The will of Henry Delamain, the Dublin potter’, in Transactions of the English Ceramic Circle, vol.2, no.8, 1942, pp.158–9: Public Advertiser, 14 Nov 1753; 16 Feb 1754 143. ODNB: Mew, pp.1–2: Honey, p.229: Public Advertiser, 23 Jan 1756: C. Cook, The Life and Work of Robert Hancock, 1948: Burlington Magazine, Jan 1915, pp.155–6 144. Public Advertiser, 28 Feb, 13 May & 9 June 1756 145. ODNB: Country Life, 23 April 1932, p.xxxviii 146. Public Advertiser, 28 Feb 1756; 13 May 1756; 9 June 1756 147. RB: Hawkins et al, p.131 148. Samuel Parkes, Chemical Essays, 1823, p.481: William Thomas Brande, A Manual of Chemistry, 1830, p.xxvii: Archibald Clow and Nan Clow, The Chemical Revolution, 1952, p.144: Phillpotts, p.97 149. Parkes, pp.481–2: Daily Advertiser, 16 Jan 1773: York Minster Archives, W/k/p37: RB: Parkes, p.482 150. RB: London Gazette, 30 May 1834: Tithe: The Examiner, 19 Jan 1840 151. Evans, p.14: RB 152. This and the following paragraphs are based largely on: George Wilson, The Old Days of Price’s Patent Candle Company, 1876, pp.1–7: Jon Newman, Battersea’s Global Reach. The Story of Price’s Candles, 2009 153. Still the Candle Burns, 1947 edn, p.22 154. RB: ILN, 8 Dec 1849, p.382 155. TNA, BT41/575/3144: Historical Memoir of Price’s Patent Candle Company, 1904, p.7: ODNB

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 89 Draft 156. Historical Memoir of Price’s Patent Candle Company, 1904, pp.26–7: A Brief History of Price’s Patent Candle Company Limited, 1891, pp.6–7, 9: ILN, 8 Dec 1849, p.382 157. ILN, 2 Dec 1854. pp.553–4; 16 Nov 1861, p.503: BV Mins, 3 June 1857: London Archaeologist, Summer 2000, p.133 158. A Brief History of Price’s Patent Candle Company Limited, 1891, p.13: Simmonds, p.62 159. ILN, 2 Dec 1854, pp.553–4: Survey of London, vol.44, 1994, p.44 160. Newman, pp.27–9: BDA 161. Newman, pp.27–9, 33–5: WP 162. BDA: WP 163. Mercury, 20 May 1820: Newcastle Courant, 28 April 1821. This and the following paragraph are otherwise based on SOX 212, 225, 240, 357, 514 164. SOX 212, 514: RB: POD 165. Mary Olive James, ‘The Glovemakers of Battersea, with particular reference to the glovers of the Fownes Glove Company, 1777–1900’, M.Phil. (Kingston Univ.), 2004: WH, no.76, Spring 2003, pp.1–4: DSR 166. Gartons’ of Battersea, 1960: BDA: TNA, IR58/88348/3121 167. John L. Garbutt, Manbré and Garton Limited, 1855–1955. A Hundred Years of Progress, 1955, p.29: Gartons’ of Battersea 168. SLP, 28 Sept 1973; 5 April 1974; 15 Sept 1974; 9 Sept 1977; 11 April 1978; 14 Aug 1979 169. SLP, 28 Nov 1980; 2 Dec 1980; 30 July 1982: Hansard, House of Commons Debates, 26 March 1981, vol.1, c.1112 170. Simmonds, pp.157–9: The Scotsman, 18 July 1846, p.1: ICE Proceedings, vol.176, 1909, pp.325–6: William Evill, Rambling Records of a Long and Busy Life, 1904, pp.65–6 171. Ramsey, p.84: WHS, auction particulars: TNA, IR58/88352/3552: RB: POD: WP 172. Malcolm T. Tucker, ‘London Gasholders Survey. The Development of the Gasholder in London in the Later Nineteenth Century’, A Report for English Heritage, September 2000, Part A, pp.24, 25; Part B, pp.130–1 173. LMA, B/LGLC/5, 5, 12 July, 20 Dec 1871; B/LGLC/12, pp. 31, 195, 281, 298–6 174. Tucker, Part A, pp.45–6 175. LMA, B/LGLC/6, p.345; B/LGLC/13, pp.148, 150, 236 176. Tucker, Part A, pp.25, 56; Part B, pp.124, 127–9, 131 177. LMA, B/LGLC/13, pp.172–3 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 90 Draft 178. E. G. Stewart, Historical Index of Gasworks past and present in the area now served by the North Thames Gas Board 1806–1957, 1957, p.68 179. Information from North Thames gasholder record sheet, kindly supplied by Malcolm Tucker 180. Tucker, Part A, p.31; Part B, pp.125,129–30: The Times, 8 Feb 1930, p.18; 7 Feb 1931, p.18: Falkus, p.199 181. Information from North Thames gasholder record sheet, kindly provided by Malcolm Tucker: Tucker, Part B, p.125 182. WP: Evening Standard, 6 July 2011, p.30 183. Unless otherwise stated, this section is based largely on Patrick Loobey, Flights of Fancy. Early Aviation in Battersea and Wandsworth, 1981: WH, no.7, Feb 1973, pp.9–10 184. ODNB 185. OS, 1st & 2nd edns: TNA, BT31/4302/27925; BT31/7856/56244: information kindly supplied by David Ainsworth 186. The Times, 27 Jan 1902, p.13; 16 July 1946, p.9; 28 May 1964, p.20; 22 Aug 1964, p.11 187. LCC Mins, 3 Nov 1953, p.545; 18 May 1954, p.320 188. WP 189. WBC Mins, 23 March 1976, pp.27–32, 17 May 1977, p.iii: London Architect, Jan 1982, pp.3–5: WP 190. WP 191. LMA, CLC/B/173/MS19394, sale particulars 192. WAC, 2258/1: LCC Mins, 18 June 1901, p.770 193. L. G. Mouchel & Partners Ltd, Mouchel-Hennebique Ferro-Concrete. List of Works Executed in the United Kingdom 1897–1919, 1920, p.17: WAC, 2258/1: WP 194. BDA 3602: DSR: WP 195. LMA, MS 19415/1: BDA 2723, 3554: LMA, SC/GL/PTE/B55–7: DSR 196. This account is based largely on WH, no.61, Autumn 1990, pp.1–8, 22; no.64, Summer 1992, pp.1–4; no.68, Autumn 1997, pp.1–7: Survey of London, vol.26, 1956, p.69 197. WP 198. TNA, WORK32/293; WORK16/17/11: BDA 89 199. Simmonds, pp.159–60: BDA 3698, 3833, 4121: Jo Stanley and Bronwen Griffiths, For Love and Shillings. Wandsworth Women’s Working Lives, 1990, p.67 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 91 Draft 200. POD: WP 201. Plaque on building: TNA, WORK32/292: BDA 91 202. BDA 430: WP 203. Simmonds, p.161: Bristol Mercury and Daily Post, 20 Nov 1880 204. SLP, 23 Oct 1886, p.4 205. B, 2 Oct 1880, pp.426–7: BN, 18 Nov 1881, p.658: SLP, 2 Oct 1880, p.6: Sunday Times, 1 May 1966: WP 206. Illustrated London, n.d., p.240: WH, no.90, Autumn 2010, pp.1–6 207. WHS, misc. and local enquiry files: BDA, 1457–8 208. B, 28 Feb 1891, p.179: BDA 209. WHS, BP/6/5/1824 210. POD: WP: RIBA Journal, Aug 1991, pp.38–43: AJ, 6 March 1991, p.12 211. WP 212. B, 27 April 1878, p.443: DSR: POD: B, 27 April 1878, p.443: www.surreycommunity.info/effinghamparishcouncil/local-history: TNA, IR58/88340, no. 2398 213. POD: Financial Times, 3 May 1957, p.15; 11 June 1957, p.10; 4 Dec 1959, p.14 214. Financial Times, 18 July 1962 215. LMA, GLC/AR/HB/02/0530 216. Financial Times, 16 March 1970 217. WHS, MS60: information kindly supplied by Keith Bailey: Morning Chronicle, 10 Aug 1855: London Gazette, 14 Oct 1856: Essex Standard, 20 July 1859: Bristol Mercury, 4 July 1863: Census 218. BDA 3797, 3854: DSR 219. Booth collection, A17, p.9; B102, pp.33–8 220. DSR 221. WP: WHS, Arding & Hobbs Ltd. A Retrospect 1876–1976 222. DSR: Census: The Times, 28 Dec 1872, p.12: WHS, BP/6/5/399 223. WHS, BP/6/8/2: BDA: ODNB: Roger Logan, Between the Commons: South Battersea’s Formative Years (Wandsworth Historical Society, Wandsworth Paper 15), 2007, pp.17–18: WP 224. Loobey, Flights of Fancy, pp.18–21

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 92 Draft

CHAPTER 9 (pp. xxx-xxx)

Battersea Power Station

1. Evening Standard, 30 Sept 2003, p.41 2. Chauncy D. Harris, ‘Electricity Generation in London, England’, Geographical Review, Jan 1941, pp.127–34 3. LCC Mins, 14 Nov 1905, pp.1625–8; 12 Dec 1905, pp.1975–80; 11 Dec 1906, pp.1474–5; 7 May 1907, pp.958–9; 2 July 1907, pp.22–4: The Times, 11 Dec 1905, p.4; 2 May 1906, p.3: B, 26 May 1906, p.578 4. LMA, LMA/4278/01/731, pp.7–11 5. Engineering, 3 May 1929, p.555: LMA, LMA/4278/01/731: Concrete and Constructional Engineering, March 1930, p.178 6. TNA, POWE12/231: LCC Mins, 26 Jan 1925, p.144; 27–28 April 1926, p.766: LMA, Acc/2558/MW/1/113/1, pp.22–3 7. TNA, POWE12/160, 161: The Times, 29 Nov 1927, p.12; 10 Dec 1928, p.10; 23 May 1929, p.11: TNA, POWE12/140 8. TNA, POWE12/140 9. Engineering, 3 May 1929, p.554: The Times, 9 April 1929, p.17; 12 April 1929, p.10 10. TNA, PREM1/69; POWE12/140 11. Gavin Stamp and Glynn Boyd Harte, Temples of Power, 1979: C. S. Peach, ‘Notes on the Design and Construction of Buildings ... known as Central Stations’, in RIBA Journal, 2 April 1904, p.279 12. ODNB: Henry Newmarch Allott and Standen Leonard Pearce, The Barton Power Station of the Manchester Corporation, and the Transmission System in Connection Therewith, 1924: Manchester Guardian, 15 Feb 1934, p.7 13. LMA, LMA/4278/01/732; GLC/AR/BR/22/062781: TNA, POWE12/140; POWE12/205: Manchester Guardian, 15 Feb 1934, p.7: ICE Proceedings, vol.240, 1937, pp.37–74 14. ICE Proceedings, vol.240, 1937, p.69: TNA, POWE12/232: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/062781: Manchester Guardian, 15 Feb 1934, p.7

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 93 Draft 15. ICE Proceedings, vol.240, 1937, p.69: Manchester Guardian, 15 Feb 1934, p.7 16. RIBA Drawings Collection, Scott Halliday & Agate drawings, PA1732/1 (2–5, 17) 17. The Times, 15 Jan 1934, p.8; 8 Feb 1930, p.18 18. ODNB: Gavin Stamp, ‘Giles Gilbert Scott: the problem of Modernism’, in Britain in the Thirties, AD Profile 24 (Architectural Design), ed. Gavin Stamp, 1979, pp.72–83 19. Manchester Guardian, 15 Feb 1934, p.7: RIBA Drawings Collection, Scott Halliday & Agate drawings, PA1732/1 (11, 16) 20. RIBA Drawings Collection, Scott Halliday & Agate drawings, PA1732/1 (10, 12, 13, 16, 17, 19) 21. The Times, 2 April 1931, p.14; 11 April 1931, p.6 22. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/062781: ICE Proceedings, vol.240, 1937, pp.61, 63: Engineering, 27 Jan 1933, p.89: Concrete & Constructional Engineering, April 1933, p.238: Manchester Guardian, 15 Feb 1934, p.7 23. Scott to Howard Robertson, 17 Oct 1947, quoted in Stamp and Boyd Harte 24. Scott to W. N. C. Clinch of the Northmet Power Co., 7 Jan 1947, quoted in Stamp and Boyd Harte 25. ICE Proceedings, vol.240, 1937, pp.37–74: The Times, 13 Nov 1930, p.11 26. ICE Proceedings, vol.240, 1937, pp.38–56 27. ICE Proceedings, vol.240, 1937, p.38: Engineering, 27 Jan 1933, p.89 28. LMA, LMA/4278/01/731: Wonders of World Engineering, no.5, 1937, pp.164–5 29. LMA, LMA/4278/01/731: ABN, 13 Jan 1933, pp.35–6: Engineering, 27 Jan 1933, pp.89–92: Wonders of World Engineering, no.5, 1937, p.159 30. LMA, LCC/CL/HIG/1/14: Rob Cochrane, Landmark of London: The story of , c.1984, p.27 31. Wonders of World Engineering, no.5, 1937, p.163 32. Morris Singer commissions 1926 to 1950 at www.msaf.co.uk/ms1926-1950.htm. 33. Wonders of World Engineering, no.5, 1937, p.161–2: Engineering, 27 Jan 1933, p.89 34. LMA, LMA/4278/01/731, p.13 35. Cochrane, p.18: ICE Proceedings, vol.240, 1937, p.45: LMA, LMA/4278/01/730 36. Cochrane, pp.27, 39–40, 45: ICE archive photos 37. The Times, 1 Feb 1938, p.11

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 94 Draft 38. Information supplied by Dr John Roberts of Jacobs Engineering UK Ltd: ICE, Proceedings of the Joint Engineering Conference, 1951, p.156: The Electrical Review, vol.154, 1954, p.261 39. Cochrane, p.41: AJ, 31 Oct 1946, pp.323–4: The Times, 16 Aug 1950, p.4 40. Cochrane, p.56: SLP, 7 Sept 1979, pp.16, 45 41. The Times, 15 Oct 1980, p.4; 18 Oct 1980, p.13: SAVE Britain’s Heritage, The Colossus of Battersea, 1982: ILN, 26 Dec 1981, pp.88–9: Marcus Binney in The Times, 24 Dec 2011, p.78. 42. Wandsworth Borough Council, ‘Battersea Power Station Development Brief’, 1983, pp.3, 8, 15–16: information kindly supplied by Keith Garner 43. Hansard, House of Lords, 13 March 1995, col.631: The Times, 4 July 1984, p.2: AJ, 11 July 1984, p.33: B, 6 July 1984, p.11: Architectural Record, Oct 1984, p.115: WP 44. The Times, 9 June 1988, p.?: ‘The Battersea London’, Issue No.1, June 1988 45. The Independent, 27 Nov 1991, p.17: London Magazine, Feb 1993, p.111 46. WBN, 16 Feb 1996, p.3: The Guardian, 17 Aug 1996, p.6; 20 June 1997, p.12; 8 Nov 2002: The Times, 29 Nov 1996, p.9 47. The Times, 18 Jan 1999, p.7: The Guardian, 1 Sept 2000: Evening Standard, 4 Feb 2005, p.26 48. AJ, 20 Feb 2003: The Independent, 7 Nov 2006, p.7 49. Keith Garner, ‘Battersea Power Station. An Account of the Proposed Demolition and Rebuilding of the Chimneys’, in Journal of Architectural Conservation, vol.14, no.2, July 2008, pp.15–31 50. ES Magazine, 3 Nov 2006, p.31: The Guardian, 8 Nov 2002; 22 March 2007 51. The Guardian, 22 March 2007: Sunday Times, 1 April 2007; 24 June 2007. 52. The Guardian, 21 June 2008: AJ, 26 June 2008, p.9: promotional material from Treasury Holdings Ltd 53. Evening Standard, 6 Jan 2009: Financial Times, 26 Feb 2009, p.4 54. Promotional material from Treasury Holdings Ltd: Evening Standard, 19 Oct 2009; 12 Nov 2010, p.9: AJ, 28 Aug 2009; 7 July 2011, p.16; 13 Sept 2012, p.22: The Guardian, 28 Aug 2009; 13 Nov 2010, p.46; The Telegraph, 31 Aug 2009; 7 Sept 2012: International Herald Tribune, 5 Jan 2010, p.14 55. AJ, 26 June 2008, p.9 56. The Times, 19 Oct 1929, p.13 57. AJ, 2 Nov 1933, p.556 58. The Times, 18 Oct 1980, p.13 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 95 Draft 59. The Star, 7 Sept 1933: Daily Herald, March 1934: Evening Post, 3 May 1937, p.7 60. The Times, 4 March 1931, p.18: Daily Telegraph, 19 Sept 1933 61. RIBA Journal, 11 Nov 1933, p.12: The Times, 5 Dec 1933, p.11 62. The Star, 15 Aug 1934; The People, 17 Nov 1935; The Sphere, 3 June 1933, pp.371–3 63. Stamp 1979, p.80: Sphere, 3 June 1933, pp.371–3: Daily Herald, Nov 1933 64. ABN, 13 Jan 1933, p.34: The Listener, 26 July 1933, p.122: Bridget Cherry and Nikolaus Pevsner, The Buildings of England, London 2: South, 1983, p.672 65. AJ, 25 May 1939, (‘Scorecard’) 66. Stamp and Boyde Hart: Architectural Review, April 1953, pp.227–34; June 1960, p.34 67. Quoted in Cochrane, p.27 68. Stamp 1979: Stamp and Boyd Harte: Gavin Stamp, ‘Battersea Power Station’, in Thirties Society Journal, no.1, 1980, pp.3–8: The Times, 16 April 1983, p.6 69. The Guardian, 15 Oct 1980: The Times, 15 Oct 1980, p.4; 18 Oct 1980, p.13: ILN, 26 Dec 1981, p.88: Battersea Power Station—50 Years of Service—A Short History, CEGB booklet, 1983 70. SLP, 5 Sept 1978 71. The Independent, 27 Nov 1991, p.17: Evening Standard, 30 Sept 2003, p.41: ICON, Spring 2004, p.27 72. Times2, 15 Aug 2006, p.14 73. Evening Standard, 29 Nov 2002, p.13 74. The Guardian, 20 June 1997, p.12: Evening Standard, 30 Sept 2003, p.41 75. The Times, 25 June 2008, p.7 76. Quoted in The Guardian, 28 Aug 2009

CHAPTER 10 (pp. xxx-xxx)

The Shops of Clapham Junction

1. Richard Church, Over the Bridge, 1955, pp.68–9 2. WBC, Town Centre Survey, 2004: Clapham Junction 3. WHS, BP/6/5/834, 898, 910, 913–5, 1053: B, 13 Feb 1886, p.250

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 96 Draft 4. WHS, BP/6/5/785 5. TNA, MEPO2/192 6. B, 16 March 1889, p.213: MBW Mins, 2 April 1889, p.131 7. WHS, BP/6/5/1188 8. SWS, 5 Jan 1889, p.5 9. WHS, BP/6/5/1838 10. POD: Census 11. WHS, BP/6/5/1581: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/015819 12. POD 13. Sean O'Connell, Credit and Community: Working-class Debt in the UK since 1880, 2009, pp.259–60 14. George Robb, White Collar Crime in Modern England: Financial Fraud and Business Morality, Cambridge 2002, pp.76–9, 127, 157 15. WHS, DEEDS/2704: RIBA Drawings Collection, PA504/12/1–3: WHS, BP/6/5/2289 16. BV Mins, 3 April 1879: The Suburban Homes of London, 1881, p.319 17. The Standard, 15 Jan 1892, p.2 18. SWS, 4 Jan 1890, p.2; 6 Sept 1890, p.8: WHS, BP/6/5/1512, 1534–5, 1751 19. WBN, 13 Oct 1911 20. WBN, 11 Dec 1936, p.8 21. SWS, 5 April 1890, p.5; 20 Sept 1890, p.6 22. MBW Mins, 10 July 1874, p.83; 7 Aug 1874, p.256: DSR: WHS, BP/6/5/ 399 23. POD 24. WHS, BP/6/5/1757 25. WP 26. WHS, Battersea Society, New Life for the Junction, Battersea Central Area Redevelopment Study, 1972 27. SWS, 14 April 1978, p.3: SLP, 27 March 1981, p.8 28. WHS, WBC Planning Committee Report, 13 March 1973; Clapham Junction: A Comprehensive Planning Approach, 1973; A Draft Plan for Clapham Junction, 1975; Clapham Junction, Draft Development Brief, Area 4 [1979]: WBC Mins, 23 March 1971, pp.59–62; 27 March 1973, pp.75–7; 6 Nov 1973, pp.23–6

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 97 Draft 29. SLP, 28 Sep 1984; 3 April 1987, p.9: WBC, Planning News, Nov 1984, April 1985, April 1986: WP 30. Clapham Junction Action Group, website 31. POD 32. Evening Standard, 27 Jan 1975, p.9: WHS, cutting from Common News, 1975: Alec Forshaw, Markets of London, 1983, pp.80–1: Wandsworth Society Newsletter, 1993, no.5, pp.24–5: Space, 25 May 2000, pp.12–16 33. SLP, 7 April 2000, p.48 34. SW Magazine, July 2009 35. Ibid., Feb 2009 36. Wandsworth Guardian, 16 Jun 2009, 28 July 2011 37. SW Magazine, Oct 2004 38. B, 19 April 1884, p.562: BN, 15 May 1885, p.764 39. SWS, 4 Oct 1918, p.3: WBN, 5 Dec 1910, p.8; 17 Jan 1936, p.3: The Times, 3 Oct 1918, p.5 40. WHS, Excelsior Association Gazette, July 1924 41. Illustrated London, n.d., p.239 42. B, 9 Aug 1884, p.214; 20 Feb 1886, p.323; 31 Jan 1891, p.98: DSR: BDA, 2971–2 43. Census: POD 44. Illustrated London, n.d., p.240 45. Goad 46. Illustrated London, n.d., p.239 47. DSR 48. WBN, 17 Jan 1936, p.3 49. LMA, LCC/FB/GEN/2/99: WHS, Battersea scrapbooks: The Times, 21 Dec 1909, p.10; 22 Dec 1909, p.8; 5 Jan 1910, p.5: Builders’ Journal, 19 Jan 1910, pp.56–9 50. B, 19 Feb 1910, p.210: WBN, 17 Jan 1936, p.3: Loobey 2004, p.35 51. WHS, Memorandum of Association of Arding & Hobbs Ltd, February 1912 52. WBN, 5 Dec 1910, p.8 53. WHS, Arding & Hobbs Ltd: A Retrospect 1876–1976 54. B, 20 Oct 1911, pp.449–53 55. WHS, Arding & Hobbs Ltd: A Retrospect 1876–1976 56. Drapers’ Record, 10 Dec 1910, pp.676–8 Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 98 Draft 57. WBN, 5 Dec 1910, p.8: WHS, A Retrospect 1876–1910: Arding & Hobbs, Clapham, Junction, S.W. 58. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/7/3301; GLC/AR/BR/19/3301: WHS, Arding & Hobbs Ltd: A Retrospect 1876–1976: WBN, 1 Jan 1932, p.4; 17 Jan 1936, p.3 59. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/35109: WHS, Arding & Hobbs 1876 to 1961 60. WP 61. WHS, Arding & Hobbs 1876 to 1961 62. WHS, Department Stores Ltd, publicity document, 1988 63. WBN, 11 March 1988, p.1: WP 64. SWS, 18 May 1889, p.5; 2 Aug 1918, p.3: SLP, 2 Aug 1918, p.5 65. BDA 3444, 3502: SWS, 18 May 1889, p.5: B, 12 May 1888, p.347, 2 June 1888, p.403: Census 66. WBN, 16 Jan 1931, p.11 67. WBN, 11 Dec 1936, p.8: POD 68. WBN, 6 Nov 1936, p.13; 11 Dec 1936, p.8 69. Information from Malcolm Munt 70. DSR 71. WHS, BP/6/5/903–5: MBW Mins, 22 Jan 1886, pp.88–90; 8 Oct 1886, p.477 72. B, 24 Nov 1888, p.385 73. BDA 5590: WBN, 6 Sept 1890, p.6 74. C. T. Davis, The Industries of Wandsworth Past and Present, 1898, p.31: Music, Nov.1900 (supplement) 75. WHS, Arding & Hobbs Ltd: A Retrospect 1876–1976: Loobey 2004, p.49: information from Malcolm Munt

CHAPTER 11 (pp. xxx-xxx)

New Market

1. 9 & 10 Eliz II, c.49

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 99 Draft 2. Survey of London, vol.36, 1970, pp.145–7: Colin Allen, Transplanting the Garden, 1998, pp.14–24 3. TNA, MAF301/42, 44; Allen, pp.25–30: information from Prof. Marcel De Meirleir 4. TNA, MAF301/42, 43, 44: Allen, pp.31–7 5. TNA, MAF301/42, 43; HLG71/2455 6. TNA, MAF301/44 7. TNA, MAF301/43, 44: Allen, pp.36–7 8. TNA, MAF301/43, 44 9. TNA, MAF301/43, 44, 45, 55: ABN, 27 May 1964, p.927: Official Architecture & Planning, June 1964, pp.673–5: Allen, pp.38–41 10. TNA, MAF301/45: AJ, 21 July 1965, pp. 123–5: ABN, 4 Aug 1965, pp.202–3: Allen, pp.44– 54 11. TNA, MAF301/45: Allen, pp.55–60: B, 25 June 1971, pp.59–64: Helen Tangires, Public Markets, 2008, p.280 12. TNA, MAF301/45, 46, 74: Allen, pp.60–72 13. TNA, MAF301/74: Allen, pp.87–119, 146–7 14. TNA, AN169/921; MT124/1457: Allen, pp.172–7 15. TNA, MAF301/104, 105, 106, 138: Allen, pp.146–7, 154–7, 160 16. Information from Covent Garden Market Authority 17. Allen, pp.159–60 18. TNA, MAF301/46 19. TNA, MAF301/74: Allen, pp.94, 104

CHAPTER 12 (pp. xxx-xxx)

Heliports

1. Helicopter Association of Great Britain, Examination of the Case for a London Heliport, 1958: Flight, 27 March 1959, p.440: Ministry of Aviation, Report of the Committee on the Planning of Helicopter Stations in the London Area, 1961, paras.7–10

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 100 Draft 2. LCC Mins, 4 March 1958, p.125, 20 May 1958, pp.334–5: The Times, 9 May 1958, p.9, 26 June 1958, p.10 3. World Helicopter and Vertical Flight, March 1959, pp.46–7: Interbuild, March 1959, p.14 4. LCC Mins, 17 Feb 1959, pp.71, 98; 22 July 1959, pp.538–40: The Times, 5 June 1959, p.14; 9 Sept 1959, p.6 5. TNA, HLG71/2455: Ministry of Aviation, Report of the Committee on the Planning of Helicopter Stations in the London Area, 1961, paras 77, 79 & 80 6. TNA, MAF301/42: The Times, 2 March 1962, p.10 7. The Times, 27 June 1958, p.12: Helicopter Association of Great Britain, Examination of the Case for a London Heliport, 1958 8. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/10/BA/0341/J/BA: Flight, 25 March 1959, pp.440, 446, 10 April 1959, p.504, 1 May 1959, p.601: Surveyor and Municipal & County Engineer, 25 April 1959, pp.467–8

9. The Times, 26 June 1958, p.10; 24 April 1959, p.7 10. GKN Westland London Heliport, brochure, c.1997: Evening Standard, 16 Oct 2006

CHAPTER 13 (pp. xxx-xxx)

The Reconstruction of Nine Elms

1. London Architect, Jan 1982, pp.1–5 2. Greater London Authority, London Plan 2008, para 5.141 & table 5E.1 3. The Guardian, 12 April 2011 4. Financial Times, 22/23 Nov 2008 5. Talks at a New London Architecture forum on Nine Elms, 1 March 2011: Evening Standard, 2 Nov 2011: websites 6. Building Design, 15 July 2011, p.3 7. Building Design, 10 Oct 2008, p.6: Architect (Washington), March 2010, p.14: Architectural Record, April 2010, p.22 8. AJ, 25 Feb 2010, pp.28–39

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 101 Draft 9. The Guardian, 24 Feb 2010: Architect (Washington), 24 Feb 2010: New York Review of Books, 27 March 2010: Evening Standard, 26 May 2010 10. AJ, 26 July 2012, p.20 11. B, 9 July 2010, p.15: websites 12. Evening Standard, 6 July 2011: AJ, 8 July 2011: websites 13. Property Week, 23 Feb 2007: Estates Gazette, 14 May 2011: WP 14. B, 13 May 2011, p.13: websites 15. Websites 16. AJ, 25 Oct 2011: WP: websites

Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 102