Another Look at Atakapa
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Caddo After Europeans
Volume 2016 Article 91 2016 Reaping the Whirlwind: The Caddo after Europeans Timothy K. Perttula Heritage Research Center, Stephen F. Austin State University, [email protected] Robert Cast Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Perttula, Timothy K. and Cast, Robert (2016) "Reaping the Whirlwind: The Caddo after Europeans," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2016, Article 91. https://doi.org/10.21112/.ita.2016.1.91 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2016/iss1/91 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Reaping the Whirlwind: The Caddo after Europeans Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2016/iss1/91 -
Prehistoric Settlements of Coastal Louisiana. William Grant Mcintire Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1954 Prehistoric Settlements of Coastal Louisiana. William Grant Mcintire Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Mcintire, William Grant, "Prehistoric Settlements of Coastal Louisiana." (1954). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 8099. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/8099 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HjEHisroaic smm&ws in coastal Louisiana A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Geography and Anthropology by William Grant MeIntire B. S., Brigham Young University, 195>G June, X9$k UMI Number: DP69477 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI DP69477 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest: ProQuest LLC. -
Native American Languages, Indigenous Languages of the Native Peoples of North, Middle, and South America
Native American Languages, indigenous languages of the native peoples of North, Middle, and South America. The precise number of languages originally spoken cannot be known, since many disappeared before they were documented. In North America, around 300 distinct, mutually unintelligible languages were spoken when Europeans arrived. Of those, 187 survive today, but few will continue far into the 21st century, since children are no longer learning the vast majority of these. In Middle America (Mexico and Central America) about 300 languages have been identified, of which about 140 are still spoken. South American languages have been the least studied. Around 1500 languages are known to have been spoken, but only about 350 are still in use. These, too are disappearing rapidly. Classification A major task facing scholars of Native American languages is their classification into language families. (A language family consists of all languages that have evolved from a single ancestral language, as English, German, French, Russian, Greek, Armenian, Hindi, and others have all evolved from Proto-Indo-European.) Because of the vast number of languages spoken in the Americas, and the gaps in our information about many of them, the task of classifying these languages is a challenging one. In 1891, Major John Wesley Powell proposed that the languages of North America constituted 58 independent families, mainly on the basis of superficial vocabulary resemblances. At the same time Daniel Brinton posited 80 families for South America. These two schemes form the basis of subsequent classifications. In 1929 Edward Sapir tentatively proposed grouping these families into superstocks, 6 in North America and 15 in Middle America. -
Table 5-4. the North American Tribes Coded for Cannibalism by Volhard
Table 5-4. The North American tribes coded for cannibalism by Volhard and Sanday compared with all North American tribes, grouped by language and region See final page for sources and notes. Sherzer’s Language Groups (supplemented) Murdock’s World Cultures Volhard’s Cases of Cannibalism Region Language Language Language or Tribe or Region Code Sample Cluster or Tribe Case No. Family Group or Dialect Culture No. Language 1. Tribes with reports of cannibalism in Volhard, by region and language Language groups found mainly in the North and West Western Nadene Athapascan Northern Athapascan 798 Subarctic Canada Western Nadene Athapascan Chipewayan Chipewayan Northern ND7 Tschipewayan 799 Subarctic Canada Western Nadene Athapascan Chipewayan Slave Northern ND14 128 Subarctic Canada Western Nadene Athapascan Chipewayan Yellowknife Northern ND14 Subarctic Canada Northwest Salishan Coast Salish Bella Coola Bella Coola British NE6 132 Bilchula, Bilqula 795 Coast Columbia Northwest Penutian Tsimshian Tsimshian Tsimshian British NE15 Tsimschian 793 Coast Columbia Northwest Wakashan Wakashan Helltsuk Helltsuk British NE5 Heiltsuk 794 Coast Columbia Northwest Wakashan Wakashan Kwakiutl Kwakiutl British NE10 Kwakiutl* 792, 96, 97 Coast Columbia California Penutian Maidun Maidun Nisenan California NS15 Nishinam* 809, 810 California Yukian Yuklan Yuklan Wappo California NS24 Wappo 808 Language groups found mainly in the Plains Plains Sioux Dakota West Central Plains Sioux Dakota Assiniboin Assiniboin Prairie NF4 Dakota 805 Plains Sioux Dakota Gros Ventre Gros Ventre West Central NQ13 140 Plains Sioux Dakota Miniconju Miniconju West Central NQ11 Plains Sioux Dakota Santee Santee West Central NQ11 Plains Sioux Dakota Teton Teton West Central NQ11 Plains Sioux Dakota Yankton Yankton West Central NQ11 Sherzer’s Language Groups (supplemented) Murdock’s World Cultures Volhard’s Cases of Cannibalism Region Language Language Language or Tribe or Region Code Sample Cluster or Tribe Case No. -
Chapter 3 – State of the Bay, Third Edition
CHAPTER 3 – STATE OF THE BAY, THIRD EDITION The Human Role: Past Written by Alecya Gallaway At sundown we reached Redfish Bar, composed almost entirely of shells which extend from bank to bank the distance of several miles and appear to be formed by the confluence of the tide and the waters of the San Jacinto and Trinity, which unite a short distance above … This point is undoubtedly the head of navigation for vessels of heavy burden and has occurred to some as a more suitable site for a city than Galveston itself. —Texas in 1837, edited by Andrew Forest Muir (1958) Introduction This chapter examines the history of resource use in Galveston Bay and its adjacent land area. The chapter begins with a look back to the Pleistocene Ice Age and the impact of the earliest humans, continues with the use of resources by Native Americans and changes engendered by the transition to European-American settlement, and then focuses on the alterations that occurred to the bay as the regional focus shifted from agriculture to municipal and industrial development. This chapter describes resource use and human impact from pre-history to 1950. More recent developments and impacts are covered in Chapter 4. Resource Use: Prehistory to 1800 Galveston Bay is a recent feature of the Earth by geological reckoning. Thousands of years before the bay formed, water was held in continental ice sheets causing the sea level to be considerably lower than it is today. The shoreline was located 50–100 miles farther south into the area now covered by the Gulf of Mexico. -
A Medley of Cultures: Louisiana History at the Cabildo
A Medley of Cultures: Louisiana History at the Cabildo Chapter 1 Introduction This book is the result of research conducted for an exhibition on Louisiana history prepared by the Louisiana State Museum and presented within the walls of the historic Spanish Cabildo, constructed in the 1790s. All the words written for the exhibition script would not fit on those walls, however, so these pages augment that text. The exhibition presents a chronological and thematic view of Louisiana history from early contact between American Indians and Europeans through the era of Reconstruction. One of the main themes is the long history of ethnic and racial diversity that shaped Louisiana. Thus, the exhibition—and this book—are heavily social and economic, rather than political, in their subject matter. They incorporate the findings of the "new" social history to examine the everyday lives of "common folk" rather than concentrate solely upon the historical markers of "great white men." In this work I chose a topical, rather than a chronological, approach to Louisiana's history. Each chapter focuses on a particular subject such as recreation and leisure, disease and death, ethnicity and race, or education. In addition, individual chapters look at three major events in Louisiana history: the Battle of New Orleans, the Civil War, and Reconstruction. Organization by topic allows the reader to peruse the entire work or look in depth only at subjects of special interest. For readers interested in learning even more about a particular topic, a list of additional readings follows each chapter. Before we journey into the social and economic past of Louisiana, let us look briefly at the state's political history. -
A Good Home for a Poor Man
A Good Home for a Poor Man Fort Polk and Vernon Parish 1800 – 1940 Steven D. Smith A Good Home for a Poor Man Fort Polk and Vernon Parish 1800–1940 Steven D. Smith 1999 Dedicated to Andrew Jackson “Jack” Hadnot, John Cupit, Erbon Wise, John D. O’Halloran, Don Marler, Mary Cleveland, Ruth and John Guy, Martha Palmer, and others who have wrest from obscurity the history of Vernon Parish. This project was funded by the Department of Defense’s Legacy Resource Management Program and administered by the Southeast Archeological Center of the National Park Service under Cooperative Agreement CA-5000-3-9010, Subagreement CA-5000-4-9020/3, between the National Park Service and the South Carolina Institute of Archaeol- ogy and Anthropology, University of South Carolina. CONTENTS FIGURES......................................................................................................................................................6 TABLES .......................................................................................................................................................8 PREFACE .....................................................................................................................................................9 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ..........................................................................................................................10 CHAPTER 1 — BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................. 11 The Purpose of This Book -
American Tri-Racials
DISSERTATIONEN DER LMU 43 RENATE BARTL American Tri-Racials African-Native Contact, Multi-Ethnic Native American Nations, and the Ethnogenesis of Tri-Racial Groups in North America We People: Multi-Ethnic Indigenous Nations and Multi- Ethnic Groups Claiming Indian Ancestry in the Eastern United States Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophie an der Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München vorgelegt von Renate Bartl aus Mainburg 2017 Erstgutachter: Prof. Berndt Ostendorf Zweitgutachterin: Prof. Eveline Dürr Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: 26.02.2018 Renate Bartl American Tri-Racials African-Native Contact, Multi-Ethnic Native American Nations, and the Ethnogenesis of Tri-Racial Groups in North America Dissertationen der LMU München Band 43 American Tri-Racials African-Native Contact, Multi-Ethnic Native American Nations, and the Ethnogenesis of Tri-Racial Groups in North America by Renate Bartl Herausgegeben von der Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 80539 München Mit Open Publishing LMU unterstützt die Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München alle Wissenschaft ler innen und Wissenschaftler der LMU dabei, ihre Forschungsergebnisse parallel gedruckt und digital zu veröfentlichen. Text © Renate Bartl 2020 Erstveröfentlichung 2021 Zugleich Dissertation der LMU München 2017 Bibliografsche Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografe; detaillierte bibliografsche Daten sind im Internet abrufbar über http://dnb.dnb.de Herstellung über: readbox unipress in der readbox publishing GmbH Rheinische Str. 171 44147 Dortmund http://unipress.readbox.net Open-Access-Version dieser Publikation verfügbar unter: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-268747 978-3-95925-170-9 (Druckausgabe) 978-3-95925-171-6 (elektronische Version) Contents List of Maps ........................................................................................................ -
An Archaeological Survey for the Ed Kharbat Drive Extension, Phase Ii Project in Montgomery County, Texas
AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR THE ED KHARBAT DRIVE EXTENSION, PHASE II PROJECT IN MONTGOMERY COUNTY, TEXAS Antiquities Permit 4733 By William E. Moore Brazos Valley Research Associates Contract Report Number 185 2008 AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR THE ED KHARBAT DRIVE EXTENSION, PHASE II PROJECT IN MONTGOMERY COUNTY, TEXAS Project Number: BVRA 07-34 Principal Investigator William E. Moore Prepared by Brazos Valley Research Associates 813 Beck Street Bryan, Texas 77803 Prepared for City of Conroe Post Office Box 3066 Conroe, Texas 77305 ABSTRACT An archaeological survey was conducted along the route of the proposed Ed Kharbat Drive extension in the city limits of Conroe in central Montgomery County, Texas by Brazos Valley Research Associates (BVRA) on December 4, 2007 for the City of Conroe under Antiquities Permit 4733. No archaeological sites were identified, and no artifacts were collected. In all, 4560 feet (12.6 acres) were investigated. It is recommended that construction be allowed to proceed as planned. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I appreciate the assistance of those who participated in this project. Maps and logistical support were provided by Troy Toland, P.E. of the Capital Division, City of Conroe. I was assisted in the field by C. J. Locklear and Tanner Singleton. Jean Hughes at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (TARL) checked the site records for previously recorded archaeological sites in the project area and vicinity. Lili G. Lyddon prepared the cover and figures that appear in this report. Nora Rogers assisted in the editing -
Handbook of Ethnography
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Wellesley College Library http://www.archive.org/details/handbookofethnogOOIeyb PUBLISHED ON THE LOUIS STERN MEMORIAL FUND HANDBOOK OF ETHNOGRAPHY BY JAMES G. LEYBURN Assistant Professor of the Science of Society in Yale University NEW HAVEN YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON . HUMPHREY MILFORD • OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1931 Copyright 1931 by Yale University Press Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. This book may not be re- produced, in whole or in part, in any form, ex- cept by written permission from the publishers. n PREFACE In any science the study of simple factors aids in the comprehen- sion of the complex. Especially is this true in the study of human society, for modern phenomena are so complicated that they are all but incomprehensible except when viewed in the light of their evolution. Immediately upon his return to simpler societies, how- ever, the reader meets the names of peoples and tribes unfamiliar to him : he has but vague ideas as to the location of the Hottentots, the Veddahs, and the Yakuts ; yet the more deeply he pursues his studies, the more acutely he feels the needs of some vade mecum to tell him who these people are and where they live. This Handbook of Ethnography is designed not only for the trained ethnologist, who cannot be expected to retain in his mem- ory more than a fraction of the tribal names included herein, but for the students in allied fields—in anthropology, archaeology, the science of society (sociology), political science, and the like. -
El Camino Real De Los Tejas National Historic Trail Louisiana • Texas
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior El Camino Real de los Tejas National Historic Trail Louisiana • Texas ElEl CaminoCamino RealReal dede loslos TejasTejas NationalNational HistoricHistoric TrailTrail Comprehensive Management Plan/Environmental Assessment Photo Credits (All photos by Christopher Talbot): Front Cover, Clockwise from top: Los Adaes State Historic Site, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana Conquista Crossing, Karnes County, Texas Fort Jesup State Historic Site, Sabine Parish, Louisiana Mission San José y San Miguel de Aguayo, Bexar County, Texas Paso de las Islas, Maverick County, Texas Mission Tejas State Park Trail Segment, Houston County, Texas El Camino Real de los Tejas National Historic Trail Comprehensive Management Plan/Environmental Assessment NATIONAL TRAILS INTERMOUNTAIN REGION NATIONAL PARK SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR September 2011 Comprehensive Management Plan/Environmental Assessment El Camino Real de los Tejas National Historic Trail U.S. Department of the Interior – National Park Service September 2011 The purpose of this plan is to establish the administrative objectives, policies, processes, and management guidelines necessary to fulfill preservation and public-use goals for El Camino Real de los Tejas National Historic Trail, which the U.S. Congress added to the National Trails System on October 18, 2004. The legislation authorizing El Camino Real de los Tejas National Historic Trail identified approximately 2,580 miles of trail, extending from the Río Grande near Eagle Pass and Laredo, Texas, to Natchitoches, Louisiana. The designation of El Camino Real de los Tejas National Historic Trail commemorates significant historic routes extending from the United States-Mexico international border at the Río Grande to the eastern boundary of the Spanish province of Texas in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana. -
"Savagery" and "Civilization": an Examination of the Tension Between Acculturation and Removal at the Brazos Reservation, 1855-1859
Free Inquiry in Creative Sodofogy Volume 26 No. I, May /998 Page 71 WAGING THE CONTEST BETWEEN "SAVAGERY" AND "CIVILIZATION": AN EXAMINATION OF THE TENSION BETWEEN ACCULTURATION AND REMOVAL AT THE BRAZOS RESERVATION, 1855-1859 Kelly F. Himmel, University of Texas-Pan American ABSTRACT The developmentofthe reservation system between 1849 and the Civil War represents atransition in US Indian policy from removal to acculturation. This case study examines the two conflicting and basically incompatible underpinnings ofthe reservation system: removal (isolation)from the dominant group coupled with a program designed to acculturate Indians tothe norms and values ofthe dominant group. Despitethe efforts made by Indians on the Brazos Reservation in Texas to cooperate with the United States government's acculturation program, the reservation was destroyed by white settlers who refused to allow the Indians to live in their midst. The settlers destroyed the reservation even though itwas to theireconomic benefitto keep it open. Thus, the article increases our understanding ofthe poorly-known formative years of the reservation system as well as the contradictions inherent in an institution thatwasdesigned both to isolate aminority group and acculturate itto the norms and values ofthe majoritygroup. INTRODUCTION Takaki 1979). Previous studies of the Indian reservation However, the westward expansion of the system in the United States have most fre Angio-American frontier of settlement proved quently focused on the post-Civil War period to be much faster than expected, and the and its assimilation policy (Fritz 1963, Hoxie Native American response proved to be less 1984, Trennert 1988). However, the devel tractabie than expected. By the 1830s, forced opment of the reservation system between removal of American Indians east of the Mis 1849 and the Civil War remains poorly un sissippi became official policy.