Handbook of Ethnography
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Wellesley College Library http://www.archive.org/details/handbookofethnogOOIeyb PUBLISHED ON THE LOUIS STERN MEMORIAL FUND HANDBOOK OF ETHNOGRAPHY BY JAMES G. LEYBURN Assistant Professor of the Science of Society in Yale University NEW HAVEN YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON . HUMPHREY MILFORD • OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1931 Copyright 1931 by Yale University Press Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. This book may not be re- produced, in whole or in part, in any form, ex- cept by written permission from the publishers. n PREFACE In any science the study of simple factors aids in the comprehen- sion of the complex. Especially is this true in the study of human society, for modern phenomena are so complicated that they are all but incomprehensible except when viewed in the light of their evolution. Immediately upon his return to simpler societies, how- ever, the reader meets the names of peoples and tribes unfamiliar to him : he has but vague ideas as to the location of the Hottentots, the Veddahs, and the Yakuts ; yet the more deeply he pursues his studies, the more acutely he feels the needs of some vade mecum to tell him who these people are and where they live. This Handbook of Ethnography is designed not only for the trained ethnologist, who cannot be expected to retain in his mem- ory more than a fraction of the tribal names included herein, but for the students in allied fields—in anthropology, archaeology, the science of society (sociology), political science, and the like. The need for such a volume was felt by the author when he first began his studies in one of these fields and met constantly with the names of tribes of whose location he was either ignorant or^se but par- tially cognizant. He was forced continually to interrupt his read-, ing in order to pursue a people to its locale by the aid of footnote, library card, atlas, and foreign language. His plight was shared by his fellow students : and from this situation was born the idea of compiling a handbook which would enable his successors and his studiously inclined cousins in allied subjects to avoid his diffi- culties. Works like Frazer's The Golden Bough, Westermarck's History of Human Marriage, Sumner and Keller's The Science of Society, and Briffault's The Mothers, have entered into the common stock of knowledge of the cultured student of human society. Yet in each of these works, several thousand names of tribes and places are used, and it is an exceptional amateur who can read more than a fraction of these names with a feeling of familiarity. If he be curi- ous, he must pursue, like the author of this handbook, the devious path of footnotes and encyclopedias. There are located within the covers of this volume more than twelve thousand tribes, language groups, nations, clans, and other social divisions. Following the location is a reference to a map at CONTENTS Preface v Alphabetical list of the more important peoples of the world, together with their locations, and a comment on geographical terms commonly used in ethnography 1 Table of peoples arranged under the political divi- sions of the world 277 Maps 325 NOTE The Roman numerals after each comment in the following Alphabetical List refer to the maps at the end of the volmne, and the letters and numerals to the specific block on the map. After Ahabco, for example, the IV refers to Map IV (North America), and N7 to the section of the map indicated by the key letter N and the key numeral 7. Political maps have been selected as being more familiar and useful to the general stu- dent than ethnographical maps. ALPHABETICAL LIST Of the More Important Peoples of the Worlds Together with Their Locations^ and a Comment on Geographical Terms Commonly Used in Ethnography u4ana. = Anana, 1. VI, D2,3 Abaka. On the headwaters of the Aaninena. = Iiitnnena. IV, KL6,7 Nam Rohl, an upper branch of A anuhawa. = Hanahawunena. IV, the Nile. I, E5 KL6,7 Abali. S of the Bomokandi, an Aargau. a canton in Switzerland. upper branch of the Welle, cen- Ill, E4 tral Africa. I, E5 Ahaba. On the upper Corumbiara, Abana. On the Yapura, a tribu- a tributary of the Amazon. VI, tary of the Amazon. VI, C3 D4 Abanga. NW (long. 28°E) of the Ababambo. In the Ubangi Valley, Albert Nyanza and S of the Africa. I, D5 Niam-Niam tribe, central Af- Ababco. An E Algonquian tribe or rica. I, E5 subtribe in Maryland. IV, N7 Abangba. On the upper Welle, Ababda. = Ahahdeh. I, F3 central Africa. I, E5 Ababdeh. In the hilly district about Abangoui. In Paraguay. VI, E5 -^ the frontiers of Upper Egypt Abanjia. On the upper Welle, cen- < and Nubia, between the Red Sea tral Africa. I, E5 and the Nile. I, F3 Abantu, or A-Bantu. = Banta. I, Ababua. S of the Welle, a tribu- D-F6-9 tary of the Ubangi, central Abarambo. = Aharmho. I, E5 Africa. I, E5 Abarmbo. S of the Welle, central Abaca. In the dense forests of Africa. I, E5 Camarines Sur, Luzon, Philip- Abasekunene. A subdivision of the pine Islands. V, C2 Amafingo. I, E9 Abacaxis. a tributary of the Ama- Abasembotweni. A subdivision of zon in central Brazil. VI, E3 the Amafingo. I, E9 Abacaxis. Along the Abacaxis Abashwawa. A subdivision of the River, central Brazil. VI, E3 Amafingo. I, E9 Abacti. On the Madeira,' a tribu- Abate. The Juku name for the tary of the Amazon. VI, D3 Fulah. I, B-E4,5 Abadhite. In Algeria. I, C2 Abatembu. = Amatemhn. I, E9 Abadzeh. A subdivision of the Cir- Abator. A subdivision of the Sa- cassians. Ill, J4 moyed. II, 12 Abai. An upper branch of the Blue Abatua. = Ahatwa. I, E8 Nile, Africa. I, F4,5 Abatwa. An Amaxosa name for Abaja. Near the mouth of the the Bushmen. I, E8 Niger, Africa. I, C5 Abaw. In S Nigeria. I, C5 6 Ahaya 2 Ahaya. S of the Bomokandi, an Abrons. In NE Ivory Coast, W upper branch of the Welle^ cen- Africa. I, B5 tral Africa. I, E5 Absaroka. = Crow. IV, JK6 Abbakah. A subdivision of the Absentee. In Oklahoma. IV, L7 Mittu. I, F5 Absi. A subdivision of the Bed- Abbatotine. A Nahane Indian tribe ouins in N Africa. I, D3 in Yukon Territory. IV, F4 Abua. = Ahuan, I, C5 Abbitibbe. S of James Bay, Canada. Abuan. In S Nigeria. I, C5 IV, N5 Abucheta. In the Gran Chaco, Abeica. Formerly on the Tombig- South America. VI, D5 bee River, W Alabama. IV, M7 Abu Hamed. A town on the Nile Abeliforo. S of the Bomokandi, an between the 4th and the 5th upper branch of the Welle, cen- Cataracts. I, F4 tral Africa. I, E5 Abui. A subdivision of the Mege. AbenahL = Abnaki. IV, 0P6 I, E5 Abenaqui. = Ahnaki. IV, 0P6 Abukaya. N of the Kibali, an Abeokuta. a town in Yoruba, upper branch of the Welle, cen- Slave Coast, W Africa. I, C5 tral Africa. I, E5 Abgarris. An island NW of the Abulon. In the mountainous re- Solomon Islands, about 4°S, gions of Zambales, Luzon, Phil- 155°E. V, F4 ippine Islands. V, C2 Abieiba. In Panama. IV, NlO Abunda. In Angola, Africa. I, D7 Abijira. = Avijera. VI, C3 Abung. = Oxang Abung. V, A4 Abil. An extinct tribe in Arabia. Abu-Rof. On the bank of the lower II, F6 course of the Blue Nile, Anglo- Abipone. On the Rio Bermejo, N Egyptian Sudan. I, F4 Argentina. VI, D5 Abu-Sarib. In Darfur, Anglo- Abira. = Avijera. VI, C3 Egyptian Sudan. I, E4 Abisanga. of the Bomokandi, an S Abuyo. A subdivision of the upper branch of the Welle, cen- Dinka. I, F5 tral Africa. I, E5 Abwoin. Chippewa name for the Abissanga.=Ahisanga. I, E5 Dakota. IV, KL5,6 Abitega. In central Peru. VI, C3,4 Abydos. (1) Ancient town in Abhhasians. In the W part of the Egypt, E of the Libyan Desert. Caucasus. Ill, J4 I, F3. (2) Ruins in Turkey, E Abnalci. Originally in Maine and of the Dardanelles. II, D4 New Hampshire; now on the S Abyssinia. country in E Africa; bank of the St. Lawrence and in A sq.mi. Also called Nova Scotia. IV, OP 350,000 Ethiopia. I, FG4,5 Abo. In the W part of Cameroon, Abyssinians. In Abyssinia. I, W Africa. I, D5 FG Abombo. E of the upper Ogowe, 4,5 W Africa. I, D6 Acanayuto. In Santa Marta prov- Abongo. = Ohongo. I, D6 ince, Colombia, VI, Cl Abor. On the frontiers of Tibet AcARNANiA. An ancient division and NE Assam, India. II, K6 of W Greece. Ill, G5 Abra. a province in NW Luzon, Acaway. = Acayfoi. VI, E2 Philippine Islands. V, C2 Acawoi. Carib Indians on the 3 Adansi Demerara River, British Gui- Achipeta. = Maravi. I, F6,7 ana, South America. VI, E2 Achoary. On the Juruha, a tribu- Acaxee. In Durango, Mexico. IV, tary of the upper Amazon. VI, K8 D3 Jcca. = Akka, 2. I, EF5,6 Acholi. On the headwaters of the J(7ca^. = Akkadians. II, F5 Nile, NE of Albert Nyanza. I, Accadians. =Akk.a.diia,ns. II, F5 F5 AccamaL = ^a.vae, as Acawoi. VI, E Achomawi. A subdivision of the 2 Palaik; now nearly extinct. IV, ^ cco^aTCOc. =Accomac. IV, N7 H6 Accomac. An Indian tribe of the Achuale. A subdivision of the Ji- Powhatan confederacy of Vir- varo. VI, C3 ginia and Maryland. IV, N7 AciLisENE. An Armenian town Accomach.