Bacterial Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase Is Trimethylamine
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Article-Associated Bac- Teria and Colony Isolation in Soft Agar Medium for Bacteria Unable to Grow at the Air-Water Interface
Biogeosciences, 8, 1955–1970, 2011 www.biogeosciences.net/8/1955/2011/ Biogeosciences doi:10.5194/bg-8-1955-2011 © Author(s) 2011. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Diversity of cultivated and metabolically active aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria along an oligotrophic gradient in the Mediterranean Sea C. Jeanthon1,2, D. Boeuf1,2, O. Dahan1,2, F. Le Gall1,2, L. Garczarek1,2, E. M. Bendif1,2, and A.-C. Lehours3 1Observatoire Oceanologique´ de Roscoff, UMR7144, INSU-CNRS – Groupe Plancton Oceanique,´ 29680 Roscoff, France 2UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR7144, Adaptation et Diversite´ en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France 3CNRS, UMR6023, Microorganismes: Genome´ et Environnement, Universite´ Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere` Cedex, France Received: 21 April 2011 – Published in Biogeosciences Discuss.: 5 May 2011 Revised: 7 July 2011 – Accepted: 8 July 2011 – Published: 20 July 2011 Abstract. Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic (AAP) bac- detected in the eastern basin, reflecting the highest diver- teria play significant roles in the bacterioplankton produc- sity of pufM transcripts observed in this ultra-oligotrophic tivity and biogeochemical cycles of the surface ocean. In region. To our knowledge, this is the first study to document this study, we applied both cultivation and mRNA-based extensively the diversity of AAP isolates and to unveil the ac- molecular methods to explore the diversity of AAP bacte- tive AAP community in an oligotrophic marine environment. ria along an oligotrophic gradient in the Mediterranean Sea By pointing out the discrepancies between culture-based and in early summer 2008. Colony-forming units obtained on molecular methods, this study highlights the existing gaps in three different agar media were screened for the production the understanding of the AAP bacteria ecology, especially in of bacteriochlorophyll-a (BChl-a), the light-harvesting pig- the Mediterranean Sea and likely globally. -
University of Warwick Institutional Repository
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Warwick Research Archives Portal Repository University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap This paper is made available online in accordance with publisher policies. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item and our policy information available from the repository home page for further information. To see the final version of this paper please visit the publisher’s website. Access to the published version may require a subscription. Author(s): Hendrik Schäfer, Natalia Myronova and Rich Boden Article Title: Microbial degradation of dimethylsulphide and related C1- sulphur compounds: organisms and pathways controlling fluxes of sulphur in the biosphere Year of publication: 2010 Link to published version: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1093/jxb/erp355 Publisher statement: This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Experimental Botany following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version Schäfer, H. et al. (2010). Microbial degradation of dimethylsulphide and related C1-sulphur compounds: organisms and pathways controlling fluxes of sulphur in the biosphere. Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 61(2), pp. 315-334 is available online at: http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/61/2/315 Microbial degradation of dimethylsulfide and related C1-sulfur compounds: organisms and pathways controlling fluxes of sulfur in the biosphere Hendrik Schäfer*1, Natalia Myronova1, Rich Boden2 1 Warwick HRI, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK 2 Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK * corresponding author Warwick HRI University of Warwick Wellesbourne CV35 9EF Tel: +44 2476 575052 [email protected] For submission to: Journal of Experimental Botany 1 Abstract 2 Dimethylsulfide (DMS) plays a major role in the global sulfur cycle. -
Genome Characteristics of a Generalist Marine Bacterial Lineage
The ISME Journal (2010), 1–15 & 2010 International Society for Microbial Ecology All rights reserved 1751-7362/10 $32.00 www.nature.com/ismej ORIGINAL ARTICLE Genome characteristics of a generalist marine bacterial lineage Ryan J Newton1, Laura E Griffin1, Kathy M Bowles1, Christof Meile1, Scott Gifford1, Carrie E Givens1, Erinn C Howard1, Eric King1, Clinton A Oakley2, Chris R Reisch3, Johanna M Rinta-Kanto1, Shalabh Sharma1, Shulei Sun1, Vanessa Varaljay3, Maria Vila-Costa1,4, Jason R Westrich5 and Mary Ann Moran1 1Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; 2Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; 3Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; 4Group of Limnology-Department of Continental Ecology, Centre d’Estudis Avanc¸ats de Blanes-CSIS, Catalunya, Spain and 5Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA Members of the marine Roseobacter lineage have been characterized as ecological generalists, suggesting that there will be challenges in assigning well-delineated ecological roles and biogeochemical functions to the taxon. To address this issue, genome sequences of 32 Roseobacter isolates were analyzed for patterns in genome characteristics, gene inventory, and individual gene/ pathway distribution using three predictive frameworks: phylogenetic relatedness, lifestyle strategy and environmental origin of the isolate. For the first framework, a phylogeny containing five deeply branching clades was obtained from a concatenation of 70 conserved single-copy genes. Somewhat surprisingly, phylogenetic tree topology was not the best model for organizing genome characteristics or distribution patterns of individual genes/pathways, although it provided some predictive power. The lifestyle framework, established by grouping isolates according to evidence for heterotrophy, photoheterotrophy or autotrophy, explained more of the gene repertoire in this lineage. -
HYGIENE SCIENCES 45Th ISSUE
Committed to the advancement of Clinical & Industrial Disinfection & Microbiology VOLUME - VIII ISSUE - V DEC 2015 - JAN 2016 Editorial We would like to thank all our readers for their precious inputs & encouragement in making Contents this Journal a successful effort. Here’s another issue of JHS coming your Contents way……………….. Mini Review Section - Control of microbial growth means the reduction in numbers and activity of the total microbial flora, is effected in two basic ways i.e., either by killing n Editorial 1 microorganisms or by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. Controlling of microorganisms is done to prevent transmission of disease and infection, to prevent contamination by the growth of undesirable microorganisms and to prevent deterioration and nMini review 2 spoilage of materials by microorganisms. Control of microorganisms usually involves the use of physical agents and chemical agents. Current Trends Section - Disinfection is utmost important factor in the prevention of nCurrent Trends 5 nosocomial infections. It has been known that failure in disinfection increases the morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs, whereas unnecessary disinfection procedures increase hospital expenses and select resistant microorganisms. In order to avoid such risks, the first step in the hospital setting should be the selection of right disinfectants that have proven nIn Profile 7 activity against broad spectrum of microorganisms. Super-oxidized water has been used in various industrial areas in our country in recent years. There are many international researches being performed to determine the efficacy of super-oxidized water. However, this study is one of the very few studies that will lead further studies investigating the activity of nRelaxed Mood 8 super-oxidized water on microorganisms causing nosocomial infections. -
Widespread Soil Bacterium That Oxidizes Atmospheric Methane
Widespread soil bacterium that oxidizes atmospheric methane Alexander T. Tveita,1, Anne Grethe Hestnesa,1, Serina L. Robinsona, Arno Schintlmeisterb, Svetlana N. Dedyshc, Nico Jehmlichd, Martin von Bergend,e, Craig Herboldb, Michael Wagnerb, Andreas Richterf, and Mette M. Svenninga,2 aDepartment of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsoe, Norway; bCenter of Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; cWinogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia; dDepartment of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; eFaculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany; and fCenter of Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria Edited by Mary E. Lidstrom, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, and approved March 7, 2019 (received for review October 22, 2018) The global atmospheric level of methane (CH4), the second most as-yet-uncultured clades within the Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria important greenhouse gas, is currently increasing by ∼10 million (16–18) which were designated as upland soil clusters α and γ tons per year. Microbial oxidation in unsaturated soils is the only (USCα and USCγ, respectively). Interest in soil atmMOB has known biological process that removes CH4 from the atmosphere, increased significantly since then because they are responsible but so far, bacteria that can grow on atmospheric CH4 have eluded for the only known biological removal of atmospheric CH4 all cultivation efforts. -
Sagittula Stellata Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., a Lignin-Transforming Bacterium from a Coastal Environment
INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICBACTERIOLOGY, July 1997, p. 773-780 Vol. 47, No. 3 0020-7713/97/$04.00+0 Copyright 0 1997, International Union of Microbiological Societies Sagittula stellata gen. nov., sp. nov., a Lignin-Transforming Bacterium from a Coastal Environment J. M. GONZALEZ,' F. MAYER,2 M. A. MORAN,193R. E. HODSON,1,3 AND W. B. WHITMAN1,3* Department of Microbiology,' and Department of Marine Sciences and Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, and Institut fur Mikrobiologie, Universitat Gottingen, 37077 Gottingen, Germany2 A numerically important member of marine enrichment cultures prepared with lignin-rich, pulp mill emuent was isolated. This bacterium was gram negative and rod shaped, did not form spores, and was strictly aerobic. The surfaces of its cells were covered by blebs or vesicles and polysaccharide fibrils. Each cell also had a holdfast structure at one pole. The cells formed rosettes and aggregates. During growth in the presence of lignocellulose or cellulose particles, cells attached to the surfaces of the particles. The bacterium utilized a variety of monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, and volatile fatty acids for growth. It hydrolyzed cellulose, and synthetic lignin preparations were partially solubilized and mineralized. As determined by 16s rRNA analysis, the isolate was a member of the (Y subclass of the phylum Proteobacteria and was related to the genus Roseobacter. A signature secondary structure of the 16s rRNA is proposed. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the genomic DNA was 65.0 mol%. On the basis of the results of 16s rRNA sequence and phenotypic characterizations, the isolate was sufficiently different to consider it a member of a new genus. -
The Methanol Dehydrogenase Gene, Mxaf, As a Functional and Phylogenetic Marker for Proteobacterial Methanotrophs in Natural Environments
The Methanol Dehydrogenase Gene, mxaF, as a Functional and Phylogenetic Marker for Proteobacterial Methanotrophs in Natural Environments The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Lau, Evan, Meredith C. Fisher, Paul A. Steudler, and Colleen Marie Cavanaugh. 2013. The methanol dehydrogenase gene, mxaF, as a functional and phylogenetic marker for proteobacterial methanotrophs in natural environments. PLoS ONE 8(2): e56993. Published Version doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056993 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11807572 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Open Access Policy Articles, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#OAP The Methanol Dehydrogenase Gene, mxaF,asa Functional and Phylogenetic Marker for Proteobacterial Methanotrophs in Natural Environments Evan Lau1,2*, Meredith C. Fisher2, Paul A. Steudler3, Colleen M. Cavanaugh2 1 Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, West Liberty University, West Liberty, West Virginia, United States of America, 2 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America Abstract The mxaF gene, coding for the large (a) subunit of methanol dehydrogenase, is highly conserved among distantly related methylotrophic species in the Alpha-, Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria. It is ubiquitous in methanotrophs, in contrast to other methanotroph-specific genes such as the pmoA and mmoX genes, which are absent in some methanotrophic proteobacterial genera. -
Mapping the Diversity of Microbial Lignin Catabolism: Experiences from the Elignin Database
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (2019) 103:3979–4002 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-09692-4 MINI-REVIEW Mapping the diversity of microbial lignin catabolism: experiences from the eLignin database Daniel P. Brink1 & Krithika Ravi2 & Gunnar Lidén2 & Marie F Gorwa-Grauslund1 Received: 22 December 2018 /Revised: 6 February 2019 /Accepted: 9 February 2019 /Published online: 8 April 2019 # The Author(s) 2019 Abstract Lignin is a heterogeneous aromatic biopolymer and a major constituent of lignocellulosic biomass, such as wood and agricultural residues. Despite the high amount of aromatic carbon present, the severe recalcitrance of the lignin macromolecule makes it difficult to convert into value-added products. In nature, lignin and lignin-derived aromatic compounds are catabolized by a consortia of microbes specialized at breaking down the natural lignin and its constituents. In an attempt to bridge the gap between the fundamental knowledge on microbial lignin catabolism, and the recently emerging field of applied biotechnology for lignin biovalorization, we have developed the eLignin Microbial Database (www.elignindatabase.com), an openly available database that indexes data from the lignin bibliome, such as microorganisms, aromatic substrates, and metabolic pathways. In the present contribution, we introduce the eLignin database, use its dataset to map the reported ecological and biochemical diversity of the lignin microbial niches, and discuss the findings. Keywords Lignin . Database . Aromatic metabolism . Catabolic pathways -
Research Collection
Research Collection Doctoral Thesis Development and application of molecular tools to investigate microbial alkaline phosphatase genes in soil Author(s): Ragot, Sabine A. Publication Date: 2016 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010630685 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library DISS. ETH NO.23284 DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF MOLECULAR TOOLS TO INVESTIGATE MICROBIAL ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE GENES IN SOIL A thesis submitted to attain the degree of DOCTOR OF SCIENCES of ETH ZURICH (Dr. sc. ETH Zurich) presented by SABINE ANNE RAGOT Master of Science UZH in Biology born on 25.02.1987 citizen of Fribourg, FR accepted on the recommendation of Prof. Dr. Emmanuel Frossard, examiner PD Dr. Else Katrin Bünemann-König, co-examiner Prof. Dr. Michael Kertesz, co-examiner Dr. Claude Plassard, co-examiner 2016 Sabine Anne Ragot: Development and application of molecular tools to investigate microbial alkaline phosphatase genes in soil, c 2016 ⃝ ABSTRACT Phosphatase enzymes play an important role in soil phosphorus cycling by hydrolyzing organic phosphorus to orthophosphate, which can be taken up by plants and microorgan- isms. PhoD and PhoX alkaline phosphatases and AcpA acid phosphatase are produced by microorganisms in response to phosphorus limitation in the environment. In this thesis, the current knowledge of the prevalence of phoD and phoX in the environment and of their taxonomic distribution was assessed, and new molecular tools were developed to target the phoD and phoX alkaline phosphatase genes in soil microorganisms. -
Novel Facultative Methylocella Strains Are Active Methane Consumers at Terrestrial Natural Gas Seeps Muhammad Farhan Ul Haque1,2* , Andrew T
Farhan Ul Haque et al. Microbiome (2019) 7:134 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-019-0741-3 RESEARCH Open Access Novel facultative Methylocella strains are active methane consumers at terrestrial natural gas seeps Muhammad Farhan Ul Haque1,2* , Andrew T. Crombie3* and J. Colin Murrell1 Abstract Background: Natural gas seeps contribute to global climate change by releasing substantial amounts of the potent greenhouse gas methane and other climate-active gases including ethane and propane to the atmosphere. However, methanotrophs, bacteria capable of utilising methane as the sole source of carbon and energy, play a significant role in reducing the emissions of methane from many environments. Methylocella-like facultative methanotrophs are a unique group of bacteria that grow on other components of natural gas (i.e. ethane and propane) in addition to methane but a little is known about the distribution and activity of Methylocella in the environment. The purposes of this study were to identify bacteria involved in cycling methane emitted from natural gas seeps and, most importantly, to investigate if Methylocella-like facultative methanotrophs were active utilisers of natural gas at seep sites. Results: The community structure of active methane-consuming bacteria in samples from natural gas seeps from Andreiasu Everlasting Fire (Romania) and Pipe Creek (NY, USA) was investigated by DNA stable isotope probing (DNA- SIP) using 13C-labelled methane. The 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved from DNA-SIP experiments revealed that of various active methanotrophs, Methylocella was the only active methanotrophic genus common to both natural gas seep environments. We also isolated novel facultative methanotrophs, Methylocella sp. -
Specialized Metabolites from Methylotrophic Proteobacteria Aaron W
Specialized Metabolites from Methylotrophic Proteobacteria Aaron W. Puri* Department of Chemistry and the Henry Eyring Center for Cell and Genome Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. *Correspondence: [email protected] htps://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.033.211 Abstract these compounds and strategies for determining Biosynthesized small molecules known as special- their biological functions. ized metabolites ofen have valuable applications Te explosion in bacterial genome sequences in felds such as medicine and agriculture. Con- available in public databases as well as the availabil- sequently, there is always a demand for novel ity of bioinformatics tools for analysing them has specialized metabolites and an understanding of revealed that many bacterial species are potentially their bioactivity. Methylotrophs are an underex- untapped sources for new molecules (Cimerman- plored metabolic group of bacteria that have several cic et al., 2014). Tis includes organisms beyond growth features that make them enticing in terms those traditionally relied upon for natural product of specialized metabolite discovery, characteriza- discovery, and recent studies have shown that tion, and production from cheap feedstocks such examining the biosynthetic potential of new spe- as methanol and methane gas. Tis chapter will cies indeed reveals new classes of compounds examine the predicted biosynthetic potential of (Pidot et al., 2014; Pye et al., 2017). Tis strategy these organisms and review some of the specialized is complementary to synthetic biology approaches metabolites they produce that have been character- focused on activating BGCs that are not normally ized so far. expressed under laboratory conditions in strains traditionally used for natural product discovery, such as Streptomyces (Rutledge and Challis, 2015). -
Microorganisms
microorganisms Article Isoprene Oxidation by the Gram-Negative Model bacterium Variovorax sp. WS11 Robin A. Dawson 1 , Nasmille L. Larke-Mejía 1 , Andrew T. Crombie 2, Muhammad Farhan Ul Haque 3 and J. Colin Murrell 1,* 1 School of Environmental Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; [email protected] (R.A.D.); [email protected] (N.L.L.-M.) 2 School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; [email protected] 3 School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-1603-592-959 Received: 11 February 2020; Accepted: 28 February 2020; Published: 29 February 2020 Abstract: Plant-produced isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) represents a significant portion of global volatile organic compound production, equaled only by methane. A metabolic pathway for the degradation of isoprene was first described for the Gram-positive bacterium Rhodococcus sp. AD45, and an alternative model organism has yet to be characterised. Here, we report the characterisation of a novel Gram-negative isoprene-degrading bacterium, Variovorax sp. WS11. Isoprene metabolism in this bacterium involves a plasmid-encoded iso metabolic gene cluster which differs from that found in Rhodococcus sp. AD45 in terms of organisation and regulation. Expression of iso metabolic genes is significantly upregulated by both isoprene and epoxyisoprene. The enzyme responsible for the initial oxidation of isoprene, isoprene monooxygenase, oxidises a wide range of alkene substrates in a manner which is strongly influenced by the presence of alkyl side-chains and differs from other well-characterised soluble diiron monooxygenases according to its response to alkyne inhibitors.