DOCSLIB.ORG

National Integrated Water Resource Management Diagnostic Report Samoa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
National Integrated Water Resource Management Diagnostic Report Samoa Sustainable Integrated Water Resources and Wastewater Management in Pacific Island Countries National Integrated Water Resource Management Diagnostic Report Samoa Published Date: November 2007 Draft SOPAC Miscellaneous Report 644 ACRONYMS (INCOMPLETE) ADB Asian Development Bank ADM Aid Coordination and Loan Management CHARM Comprehensive Hazard and Risk Management DEC Division of Environment and Conservation (MNRE) EHD Environmental Health Department EIAs Environmental Impact Assessments EPC Electric Power Cooperation EPPD Economic Policy and Planning Department GEF Global Environment Facility GWP Global Water Partnership HPPSD Health Promotion and Prevention Services Department (within EHD) ISP Institutional Strengthening Project IWP International Waters Programme IWRM Integrated Water Resource Management LMD Land Management Division (MNRE) l/p/d Litres per person per day MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forests and Fisheries?? MDGs Millennium Development Goals MESC Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture MET Meteorology Division (MNRE) MNRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment MOF Ministry of Finance MOH Ministry of Health MWCSD Ministry of Women, Community Services and Development MWTI Ministry of Works, Transport and Infrastructure NAPA National Adaptation Programme of Action to Climate Change NEMS National Environment and Development Management Strategies NGOs Non Governmental Organisations NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NRW Non Revenue Water NUS National University of Samoa NWRMS National Water Resource Management Strategy NWSMC National Watershed Management Committee PEARs Preliminary Environmental Assessment Reports PUBS Public Utility Billing System PUMA Planning and Urban Management Agency RDIS Research and Development Institute of Samoa RWSCP Rural Water Supply Consolidation Project SOE State of the Environment Report SOEs State Owned Enterprises SOPAC Secretariat of the Pacific Applied Science Commission SPREP Secretariat of the Pacific Region Environment Programme SUNGO Samoa Umbrella of NGOs SWA Samoa Water Authority UFW Unaccounted For Water UNDP United Nations Development Programme USP University of the South Pacific WaSSP Water Sector Strengthening Programme WRD Water Resources Division WSMU Water Sector Management Unit (Ministry of Finance) WSSC Water Sector Steering Committee WSTEC ?? to do with land corporation? TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acronyms (incomplete)..................................................................................................................2 Table of Contents..........................................................................................................................4 list of tables and figures.................................................................................................................8 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................10 Acknowledgements .....................................................................................................................12 1. Introduction.....................................................................................................................13 1.1 Justification for IWRM in Pacific Small Island Developing States .....................................13 1.2 Objectives of the “Sustainable Integrated Water Resources and Wastewater Management Project in PIC’s”.................................................................................................................16 1.3 Scope of the Report...........................................................................................................16 2. General Overview ...........................................................................................................18 2.1 Country Background Information.......................................................................................18 2.1.1 Location ...............................................................................................................18 2.1.2 Topography..........................................................................................................18 2.1.3 Geology ...............................................................................................................19 2.1.4 Soils .....................................................................................................................19 2.1.5 Climate.................................................................................................................19 2.1.6 Natural Disasters .................................................................................................20 2.1.7 Vegetation............................................................................................................20 2.1.8 Land Use (Agriculture and Forestry)....................................................................21 2.1.9 Water Resources .................................................................................................21 2.1.10 Demography ........................................................................................................22 2.1.11 Socio-Economic Issues .......................................................................................22 3. Integrated Water Resources Management Situation for Samoa................................24 3.1 Water Resources Management.........................................................................................24 3.1.1 Types of freshwater resources ............................................................................24 3.1.2 Types of freshwater uses.....................................................................................25 3.1.3 Majors issues and concerns ................................................................................25 3.1.3.1. Extent to which groundwater and surface water resources are used and alternative sources. ...........................................................................................................25 3.1.3.2. The various and relative demands placed on watersheds/water resources.........25 3.1.3.3 Competing uses of water and priority uses. ..........................................................26 3.1.3.4 Sources of pollution of surface water, groundwater and coastal waters. ..............26 3.1.3.5 Information exchange systems on water resources. .............................................27 3.1.4 Measures to manage impacts and concerns (IWRM approaches)......................27 3.1.4.1 The National Hydrological Network for water resources assessment and monitoring. 27 3.1.4.2 The status of water resources quality including existing monitoring programmes and community-based monitoring. ....................................................................................28 3.1.4.3 Water conservation and reuse attitude and applications.......................................28 3.1.4.4 Prevention measures of pollution: buffer zones, water reserves, water safety plans. 29 3.2 Island Vulnerability ............................................................................................................30 3.2.1 Types of disasters................................................................................................30 3.2.1.1 Sea level rise and /or horizontal land movement (subsidence or isostatic rebound).30 3.2.1.2 Incidences of flood and/or drought impact on watershed and coastal management.31 3.2.1.3 Historic data exist on floods and droughts at the national level.............................31 3.2.1.4 Economic costs of water-related disasters. ...........................................................31 3.2.1.5 Development practices contributing to threats to life and property........................32 3.2.1.6 ENSO relationship to climatic disasters.................................................................32 3.2.2 Major issues and concerns ..................................................................................32 3.2.2.1 Lack or inundation of water resources...................................................................32 3.2.2.2 Water quality impacts caused by pollution. ...........................................................32 3.2.2.3 Saltwater intrusion and mitigation..........................................................................32 3.2.2.4 Extreme weather impacts on watersheds..............................................................33 3.2.2.5 Impacts of sea level rise or storm surges on aquifers or watersheds....................33 3.2.3 Measures to manage impacts and concerns (IWRM approaches)......................33 3.2.3.1 Disaster Preparedness and Climate Change Planning and Response. ......33 3.3 Awareness.........................................................................................................................35 3.3.1 Type of awareness campaigns, advocacy initiatives currently being undertaken in the area of water resources management.............................................................................35 3.3.1.1 Stakeholder consultation in national policy............................................................35 3.3.2 Major issues and concerns ..................................................................................37 3.3.2.1 Social and cultural issues associated with water resource and wastewater management......................................................................................................................37
Load more

Recommended publications
  • High-Resolution Bathymetric Survey of Samoa
    EU-SOPAC Project Report 112 Reducing Vulnerability of Pacific ACP States SAMOA TECHNICAL REPORT High-Resolution Bathymetric Survey Fieldwork Undertaken from 27 January to 1 March 2004 October 2008 Western Samoa three-dimensional Digital Elevation Model Prepared by: Jens Krüger and Salesh Kumar SOPAC Secretariat May 2008 PACIFIC ISLANDS APPLIED GEOSCIENCE COMMISSION c/o SOPAC Secretariat Private Mail Bag GPO, Suva FIJI ISLANDS http://www.sopac.org Phone: +679 338 1377 Fax: +679 337 0040 www.sopac.org [email protected] Important Notice This report has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Community; however, the views expressed herein must never be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Community. Samoa: High-Resolution Bathymetry EU EDF-SOPAC Reducing Vulnerability of Pacific ACP States – iii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 2 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................ 2 1.2 Geographic Situation .................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Geological Setting ...................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Previous Bathymetry Compilations............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Establishing a Holocene Tephrochronology for Western Samoa and Its Implication for the Re-Evaluation of Volcanic Hazards
    ESTABLISHING A HOLOCENE TEPHROCHRONOLOGY FOR WESTERN SAMOA AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR THE RE-EVALUATION OF VOLCANIC HAZARDS by Aleni Fepuleai A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Copyright © 2016 by Aleni Fepuleai School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment The University of the South Pacific August 2016 DECLARATION Statement by Author I, Aleni Fepuleai, declare that this thesis is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published, or substantially overlapping with material submitted for the award of any other degree at any institution, except where due acknowledge is made in the next. Signature: Date: 01/07/15 Name: Aleni Fepuleai Student ID: s11075361 Statement by Supervisor The research in this thesis was performed under my supervision and to my knowledge is the sole work of Mr Aleni Fepuleai. Signature Date: 01/07/15 Name: Dr Eleanor John Designation: Principal Supervisor ABSTRACT Samoan volcanism is tectonically controlled and is generated by tension-stress activities associated with the sharp bend in the Pacific Plate (Northern Terminus) at the Tonga Trench. The Samoan island chain dominated by a mixture of shield and post-erosional volcanism activities. The closed basin structures of volcanoes such as the Crater Lake Lanoto enable the entrapment and retention of a near-complete sedimentary record, itself recording its eruptive history. Crater Lanoto is characterised as a compound monogenetic and short-term volcano. A high proportion of primary tephra components were found in a core extracted from Crater Lake Lanoto show that Crater Lanoto erupted four times (tephra bed-1, 2, 3, and 4).
    [Show full text]
  • Samatau Reserve Reassessment
    Project Title: Strengthen the Management and Monitoring of Samoa’s Community- Based Marine Management and MPAs Network Grantee Name: Government of Samoa Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Award Number: NA11NOS4820010 Award Period: 10/01/2011 - 06/30/2013 FINAL REPORT 0 Contents Progress Report………………………………………………………………………………….……page 2 Appendix 1: 2 Samoa’s General Meeting Nov. 2011……………………………………page 9 Appendix 2: Two Samoa’s Strategic Plan – unsigned……………………………..….page 15 Appendix 3a: Communities Exchange Agenda………………………………..…………page 28 Appendix 3b: Cabinet Report (Samoan)……………………………………………………page 31 Appendix 4: Community-based Fisheries Management Program Poster…….page 34 Appendix 4: Live Coral Poster……………………………………………………………….….page 34 Appendix 5: Pictures of Floats and Signboards……………………………………….….page 35 Appendix 6: Ecological Assessments conducted at data less sites………….……page 38 1 A. Background 1. The project was identified as an important boost to the onward movement of the 2 Samoas Environmental Initiative. The Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (MAF) and the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MNRE) who are the main counterparts in the Samoan Government developed this proposal as an initial implementation on some of the needed activities in which Samoa needs to be effective in the collaboration with American Samoa. 2. The project proposal targeted the NOAAs Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program Fiscal Year 2011 Federal Funding Opportunity–International Coral Reef Conservation Cooperative Agreements with relative Objective
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Alien Species Survey Aleipata Islands, Samoa September-December 2015
    INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES SURVEY ALEIPATA ISLANDS, SAMOA SEPTEMBER-DECEMBER 2015 GEF-PAS Invasive Alien Species project/Samoa Gianluca Serra and Faleafaga Toni Tipama’a New Eden Samoa Environment Consultants on behalf of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE), Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) 1 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2. METHODOLOGY 2.1 NU’UTELE Rats Yellow Crazy Ants Other fauna (IAS and native) Flora (IAS and native) 2.2 NU’ULUA 2.3 NAMUA 2.4 FANUATAPU 2.5 BIOSECURITY 2.6 TEAMS 2.7 SCHEDULES 3. RESULTS 3.1 NU’UTELE 3.2 NU’ULUA 3.3 NAMUA 3.4 FANUATAPU 3.5 TRAINING 3.6 BIOSECURITY ASSESSMENT 4. DISCUSSION 5. ACNOWLEDGEMENTS 6. REFERENCES ANNEX 1 – TEMPLATE DATA LOG FOR RAT TRAPPING ANNEX 2 – PREVIOUS RAT SURVEYS IN NU’UTELE AND NU’ULUA ANNEX 3 – BIRD CHECKLIST ANNEX 4 – DIURNAL BUTTERFLY CHECKLIST ANNEX 5 -- CHECKLIST OF KEY FOREST TREES Photo on the cover: Nu’utele island (Credit: G. Serra). 2 1. INTRODUCTION Samoa is part of the Polynesia-Micronesia Biodiversity Hotspot, one of 34 regions of the world where extraordinary levels of biodiversity and endemism are coupled with extremely high levels of threat (Mittermeier et al. 2004). The four Aleipata islands (Photo 1), holding a high percentage of representative and threatened species of Samoa, certainly represent a key site in the Polynesia-Micronesia biodiversity hotspot. In a 1986 review of 226 islands in the South Pacific region, these islands together rated 30th in importance for biological diversity (Vanderwoude et al. 2006). They were also more recently included in the list of the 7 Key Biodiversity Areas of Samoa (Conservation International et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Samoa Und Fiji
    Samoa und Fiji Juwelen der Südsee 1.195 m 19 Übernachtungen im Hotel, im Gästehaus und in Strandhütten Leichte Wanderungen und Trekking zwischen 2 und 4 Stunden Gehzeit Regenwälder, wilde unberührte Berglandschaften und Traumstrände Kulturtrekking zu den Bergdörfern auf Viti Levu Eintägiger Segeltörn zur Insel Tivua Samoa liegt mitten im Südpazifik, nur wenige Kilometer östlich der Datumsgrenze. Der klei- ne Inselstaat kennt keinen Massentourismus. Hier finden Sie eine gewachsene, lebendige Kultur und eine nahezu unberührte Natur – intakte Regenwälder, einsame, kaum begangene Berggebiete, riesige Mangrovenwälder, zahlreiche Riffe rund um die zwei Hauptinseln Upolu und Savaii und eine prächtige Unterwasserwelt mit bunt-schillernden, tropischen Fischen. Weißsandige Strände laden zum Baden ein. Ein ausgeprägter Gemeinschaftssinn, Gelassenheit und Heiterkeit zeichnen die samoani- sche Lebensweise, Faa Samoa, aus. Hektik und Stress sind den Inselbewohnern fremd, Veränderungen werden nur dann akzeptiert, wenn sie den Frieden im Dorf und in den ein- zelnen Familien nicht stören. Wer offen dafür ist, sich auf die samoanische Kultur einzulas- sen, mit den Menschen in der Dorfgemeinschaft zu wohnen und zu feiern, wird neue Freun- de und vielleicht auch neue Einsichten gewinnen. Viele Dörfer haben weder Telefon noch Strom; europäischen Standard dürfen Sie also nicht erwarten. Übernachtet wird oft in sog. fales; das sind direkt am Strand liegende Hütten. Wer bereit ist, auf touristischen Komfort zu verzichten, kann auf einer einsamen Insel draußen vor dem Riff warmen Wind spüren, sich am kristallklaren Wasser erfreuen und den Duft von Tausenden von Ingwer-Blüten riechen. Während der Reise im August / September findet voraussichtlich das farbenprächtige Teuil- la-Fest mit Langbootrennen, Tänzen und Gesängen statt.
    [Show full text]
  • Aleipata Itupa I Luga District Interventions
    Community Integrated Management Plan Aleipata-Itupa I Luga - Upolu Implementation Guidelines 2018 COMMUNITY INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES Foreword It is with great pleasure that I present the new Community Integrated Management (CIM) Plans, formerly known as Coastal Infrastructure Management (CIM) Plans. The revised CIM Plans recognizes the change in approach since the first set of fifteen CIM Plans were developed from 2002-2003 under the World Bank funded Infrastructure Asset Management Project (IAMP) , and from 2004-2007 for the remaining 26 districts, under the Samoa Infrastructure Asset Management (SIAM) Project. With a broader geographic scope well beyond the coastal environment, the revised CIM Plans now cover all areas from the ridge-to-reef, and includes the thematic areas of not only infrastructure, but also the environment and biological resources, as well as livelihood sources and governance. The CIM Strategy, from which the CIM Plans were derived from, was revised in August 2015 to reflect the new expanded approach and it emphasizes the whole of government approach for planning and implementation, taking into consideration an integrated ecosystem based adaptation approach and the ridge to reef concept. The timeframe for implementation and review has also expanded from five years to ten years as most of the solutions proposed in the CIM Plan may take several years to realize. The CIM Plans is envisaged as the blueprint for climate change interventions across all development sectors – reflecting the programmatic approach to climate resilience adaptation taken by the Government of Samoa. The proposed interventions outlined in the CIM Plans are also linked to the Strategy for the Development of Samoa 2016/17 – 2019/20 and the relevant ministry sector plans.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation and Flora of the Aleipata Islands, Western Samoa1
    Pacific Science(1983), vol. 37, no. 3 © 1984 by the University of Hawaii Press. All rights reserved Vegetation and Flora of the Aleipata Islands, Western Samoa 1 W. ARTH UR WHISTLER 2 ABSTRACT: The botany offour small, relatively undisturbed tuff cone islands offthe east coast ofUpolu, Western Samoa, is examined. During a series ofvisits to the islands, the vegetation was studied in nine sample plots, and a checklist of the 260 species comprising the flora was compiled. Six types ofnative vegetation are recognized, one of which (Diospyros coastal forest) appears to be unique to tuff cone islands. Casual observations were made on the avifauna and turtle species, and the ecological significance of the islands is discussed. LYINGJU ST OFF TH EEAST coast ofthe Aleipata mind. The results ofthese visits culminated in district ofthe island ofUpolu, Western Samoa a checklist ofthe flora ofthe islands (Table 5). (Figure 1), is a chain of four small islands Dur ing the visits, voucher specimens were col­ (totaling about 1.7 krn") , which is known as lected and vegetation surveys carried out. The the Aleipata Islands. Although the coastal voucher specimens are in the author's personal and lowland area of the Aleipata coast adja­ collection at the Uni versity of Hawaii, with cent to the islands is almost entirely covered duplicates at the Smithsonian (us), Bishop with coconut plantations and villages, the Mu seum (BISH), Kew (K), Berlin (B), and islands are uninhabited and their plant com­ elsewhere. munities are relatively undisturbed. Because To determine species composition of the of the extensive disturbance to the vegetation forests, nine vegeta tion plots were sampled­ of the Aleipata coast, these islands serve as a six on Nu 'utele, two on Nu 'ulua, and one refuge for native plant communities as well on Namu 'a, No vegetation was sampled on as native plant and animal species (Whistler Fanuatapu due to the limited extent of that 1981).
    [Show full text]
  • Geological Subsidence and Sinking Islands: The
    1 Symposium for W. Dickinson – SAA 2015 “Geological subsidence and sinking Islands: the case of Manono (Samoa)” Christophe Sand1, Jacques Bolé1, David Baret1, André-John Ouetcho1, Fiona Petchey2, Alan Hogg2 Tautala Asaua3 Abstract W. Dickinson, as part of his wide study of the geological history of the Pacific islands, has proposed in a series of papers to explainlinked the unique case of the deeply submerged Lapita site of Mulifanua in Western Upolu (Samoa), as linked to the slow subsidence of Upolu Island. Recent archaeological research on the neighbouring small island of Manono, has brought new and detailed data on this geological process. A series of new dates has allowed us to define chronologically the speed of the subsidence and demonstrateas well as the massive environmental changes that the local population had to adapt to over the past 2500 years. 1. Institute of Archaeology of New Caledonia and the Pacific (IANCP) 2. Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, University of Waikato 3. Center for Samoan Studies, National University of Samoa 2 Introduction The geological diversity of the Pacific region defies any simple categorization. The region is, divided between different tectonic plates and, cut in two on its western side by the active “belt of fire”, with iIslands ranking being derived from continental fragments to old eroding or still active volcanic summits to simple coral aAtolls, defies any simple categorization. Volcanic activity, earthquakes and possible tsunami-related events, associated to episodes of extreme weather devastation through cyclones/typhoons or prolonged droughts make Oceania a region that often defies the idyllic image built by Western imagination.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate of Samoa
    DaDatata CCoollecllectiotionn aanndd mmodeodellillinnggffoor ar adadaptaptationtion Nusipepa Lepale Samoa Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline Background info Geography Climate of Samoa Impacts of Climate Change (CC) in Samoa CC Adaptation in Samoa Data Observation Network (Data collection) Modeling used in Samoa Responses to Climate Change in Samoa Samoa Climate Early Warning System (CLEWS) Background InformationBackground Information Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa (formerly known as Western Samoa and German Samoa), is a country governing the western part of the Samoan Islands in the South Pacific Ocean. It became independent from New Zealand in 1962. The two main islands of Samoa are Upolu and one of the biggest islands in Polynesia Savai'i. The capital city Apia and Faleolo International Airport are situated on the island of Upolu. The 1960 Constitution, which formally came into force with independence from New Zealand in 1962, is based on the British pattern of parliamentary democracy, modified to take account of Samoan customs The unicameral legislature (Fono) consists of 49 members serving 5-year terms. Forty-seven are elected from territorial districts by ethnic Samoans; the other two are chosen by non-Samoans with no chiefly affiliation on separate electoral rolls GeographyGeography The country is located east of the international date line and south of the equator, about halfway between Hawai‘i and New Zealand in the Polynesian region of the Pacific Ocean. The total land area is 2934 km²
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the Distribution of the Introduced Seaweeds
    Report on the distribution of the introduced seaweeds (Codium arenicola and Spatoglossum macrodontum) and the distribution and density of the crown of thorn starfish (Acanthaster planci) 18 – 19 October 2014 Prepared by: Marine Conservation Section Division of Environment & Conservation Ministry of Natural Resources & Environment 1 1. INTRODUCTION A survey conducted in 2008 identified two introduced seaweed species that do not occur naturally in the marine environment of Samoa. These were the Codium arenicola which is found in Thailand and Southeast Asia and the Spatoglossum macrodontum,a brown algae recorded from French Polynesia, Hawaii and Australia. The two seaweeds were observed distributed and well established around the Apia harbour, Mulinuu and Palolo deep marine reserve. The crown of thorn starfish (COTS) are coral-eating starfish that occur throughout the Indo- Pacific region (Wilmes, 2014). They are naturally found on coral reefs where they can be observed in low numbers. An outbreak of the COTS was observed in a number of villages after the 2009 tsunami.The Fisheries Division of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries and the MNRE worked with the communities to collect the starfish mainly from the areas along the southern and south-eastern coast of Upolu Island. This activity was an effort to help with the recovery of coral reefs from the impacts of the tsunami. However, there were a number of reports from various villages on both Upolu, Savaii and Manono Islands reporting large numbers of crown of thorn starfish (COT) in their marine environment and concerns that the increase in the number of COTs were impacting the health of the corals.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rare Plants of Samoa JANUARY 2011
    The Rare Plants of Samoa JANUARY 2011 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION LESSONS LEARNED TECHNICAL SERIES 2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION LESSONS LEARNED TECHNICAL SERIES 2 The Rare Plants of Samoa Biodiversity Conservation Lessons Learned Technical Series is published by: Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) and Conservation International Pacific Islands Program (CI-Pacific) PO Box 2035, Apia, Samoa T: + 685 21593 E: [email protected] W: www.conservation.org Conservation International Pacific Islands Program. 2011. Biodiversity Conservation Lessons Learned Technical Series 2: The Rare Plants of Samoa. Conservation International, Apia, Samoa Author: Art Whistler, Isle Botanica, Honolulu, Hawai’i Design/Production: Joanne Aitken, The Little Design Company, www.thelittledesigncompany.com Series Editors: James Atherton and Leilani Duffy, Conservation International Pacific Islands Program Conservation International is a private, non-profit organization exempt from federal income tax under section 501c(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. ISBN 978-982-9130-02-0 © 2011 Conservation International All rights reserved. OUR MISSION Building upon a strong foundation of science, partnership and field demonstration, CI empowers societies to responsibly and sustainably care for nature for the well-being of humanity This publication is available electronically from Conservation International’s website: www.conservation.org ABOUT THE BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION LESSONS LEARNED TECHNICAL SERIES This document is part of a technical report series on conservation projects funded by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) and the Conservation International Pacific Islands Program (CI-Pacific). The main purpose of this series is to disseminate project findings and successes to a broader audience of conservation professionals in the Pacific, along with interested members of the public and students.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Samoa
    GeoHazards Article Multiscale Quantification of Tsunami Hazard Exposure in a Pacific Small Island Developing State: The Case of Samoa Shaun Williams 1,* , Ryan Paulik 1 , Rebecca Weaving 2,3, Cyprien Bosserelle 1 , Josephina Chan Ting 4, Kieron Wall 1 , Titimanu Simi 5 and Finn Scheele 6 1 National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; [email protected] (R.P.); [email protected] (C.B.); [email protected] (K.W.) 2 School of Geography, Environment and Geosciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire PO1 2UP, UK; [email protected] 3 Ascot Underwriting Ltd., London EC3M 3BY, UK 4 Disaster Management Office, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Apia WS1339, Western Samoa; [email protected] 5 Project Unit, Samoa Green Climate Fund Project, Ministry of Finance, Apia WS1339, Western Samoa; [email protected] 6 GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5011, New Zealand; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: This study presents a scenario-based approach for identifying and comparing tsunami exposure across different sociopolitical scales. In Samoa, a country with a high threat to local tsunamis, we apply scenarios for the 2009 South Pacific tsunami inundation at different grid resolutions (50 and 10 m) to quantify building and road exposure at the national, district and village levels. We Citation: Williams, S.; Paulik, R.; show that while the coarser 50 m model is adequate for use in the rapid identification of exposure Weaving, R.; Bosserelle, C.; Chan at the national and district levels, it can overestimate exposure by up to three times more at the Ting, J.; Wall, K.; Simi, T.; Scheele, F.
    [Show full text]