WORLD HISTORY THE ROMANS STUDY GUIDE

1) A REPUBLIC IS A FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH THE LEADER IS NOT A MONARCH AND CERTAIN CITIZENS HAVE THE RIGHT TO VOTE. 2) THE ROMAN SENATE, WHICH CAME TO HOLD AN IMPORTANT POSITION IN THE ROMAN REPUBLIC, WAS A SELECT GROUP OF ABOUT 300 PATRICIANS WHO SERVED FOR LIFE. 3) JULIUS CAESAR, THE FIRST DICTATOR OF ROME, WAS ASSASSINATED. 4) THE PAX ROMANA WAS A PERIOD OF PEACE AND PROSPERITY THAT LASTED ALMOST 100 YEARS. 5) THE AUGUSTAN AGE HAS BEEN CALLED THE GOLDEN AGE OF LATIN LITERATURE. 6) WHEN THE POET JUVENAL SAID, THEREʼS ONLY TWO THINGS THAT CONCERN THEM BREAD AND CIRCUSES HE WAS TALKING ABOUT THE ROMAN MASSES BEING DISTRACTED FROM SERIOUS POLITICAL ISSUES BY FREE GRAIN AND ENTERTAINMENT. 7) CONSTANTINE BECAME THE FIRST CHRISTIAN EMPEROR. 8) THE EDICT OF MILAN PROCLAIMED OFFICIAL TOLERANCE OF CHRISTIANITY. 9) BELIEVING THE ROMAN EMPIRE HAD GROWN TOO LARGE FOR A SINGLE RULER, DIOCLETIAN DIVIDED IT INTO FOUR UNITS, EACH WITH ITS OWN RULER. 10) THE VISIGOTHS WERE THE FIRST INVADERS TO SACK ROME. 11) THE EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF ROME WAS MOST INFLUENCED BY THE ETRUSCANS, WHO LAUNCHED A BUILDING PROJECT THAT TURNED ROME INTO A CITY. 12) THE BODY OF LAWS KNOWN AS THE LAW OF NATIONS WAS ONE OF ROMEʼS CHEIF GIFTS TO LATER GENERATIONS. 13) THE FIRST TRIUMVIRATES WAS MADE UP OF CRASSUS, POMPEY, AND JULIUS CAESAR. 14) AT ITS HEIGHT, THE ROMAN EMPIRE HAD A POPULATION OF ABOUT FIFTY MILLION. 15) THE EMPEROR KEPT THE POVERTY- STRICKEN MASSES PACIFIED BY GIVING THEM FREE GRAIN AND PROVIDING ENTERTAINMENT ON A GRAND SCALE. 16) THE PATERFAMILIAS, OR DOMINANT MALE, WAS THE HEAD OF THE ROMAN FAMILY AND GRADUALLY LOST POWER OVER THE COURSE OF ROMAN HISTORY. 17) CONSTANTINE BECAME THE ROMAN EMPIRES FIRST CHRISTIAN EMPEROR. 18) UNDER WHICH EMPEROR DID ROME ADOPT CHRISTIANITY AS ITS OFFICAL RELIGION - THEODOSIUS THE GREAT. 19) THE POLITICAL AND MILITARY REFORMS OF DIOCLETIAN AND CONSTANTINE GREATLY ENHANCED THE ARMY AND CIVIL SERVICE INSTITUTIONS, BUT DRAINED MOST OF THE PUBLIC FUND. 20) IN THE LONG RUN, THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL POLICIES OF DICLETIAN AND CONSTANTINE STIFLED THE VITALITY THE LATE EMPIRE NEEDED TO REVIVE ITS SAGGING FORTUNES. 21) ETRUSCANS LAUNCHED A BUILDING PROGRAM THAT TURNED ROME INTO A CITY. 22) PLEBEIANS LESS WEALTHY LANDHOLDERS, CRAFTSPEOPLE, MERCHANTS, AND SMALL FARMERS. 23) TRIUMVIRATES A GOVERNMENT BY 3 PEOPLE WITH EQUAL POWER. 24) ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA COMMITTED SUICIDE AFTER BEING DEFEATED BY OCTAVIAN. 25) PATERFAMILIAS WAS HEAD OF THE ROMAN FAMILY. 26) INSULAE WERE APARTMENT BLOCKS. 27) SADDUCEES FAVORED COOPERATION WITH THE ROMANS. 28) THEODOSIUS THE GREAT MADE CHRISTIANITY THE OFFICAL RELIGION OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. 29) VANDALS WERE GERMAN TRIBE THAT SACKED ROME. 30) ROMULUS AUGUSTULUS DEPOSED BY GERMANIC HEAD OF THE ARMY, MARKING THE FALL OF THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE. 31) REPUBLIC A FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH THE LEADER IS NOT A MONARCH AND CERTAIN CITIZENS CAN VOTE. 32) PATRICIANS WERE GREAT LANDOWNERS WHO BECAME ROMEʼS RULING CLASS. 33) JULIUS CAESAR WAS ASSASSINATED BY A GROUP OF LEADING SENATORS. 34) AUGUSTUS WAS FIRST ROMAN EMPEROR. 35) VIRGIL WAS AUTHOR OF THE AENEID. 36) SPARTACUS WAS A GLADIATOR WHO LED A MASSIVE SLAVE REVOLT. 37) ZEALOTS ADVOCATED THE VIOLENT OVERTHROW OF ROMAN RULE. 38) EDICT OF MILAN PROCLAIMED OFFICAL TOLERANCE OF CHRISTIANITY. 39) VISIGOTHS WERE FIRST INVADING TRIBE TO SACK ROME. 40) DIOCLETIAN BELIEVED THE ROMAN EMPIRE WAS TOO LARGE FOR A SINGLE RULER.