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Home , Carmel Myers, Charles Farrell, Emil Jannings, George Bancroft (actor), George Hill (director), Greta Nissen

MoMA PRESENTS AN EXHIBITION OF HAND-PAINTED FILM POSTERS BY ARTIST BATISTE MADALENA MADE FOR THE EASTMAN THEATRE FROM 1924 TO 1928

Exhibition Is Accompanied by a Film Series Featuring a Selection of Movies for Which Batiste Madalena Created Film Posters

Batiste Madalena: Hand-Painted Film Posters for the Eastman Theatre, 1924–1928 October 15, 2008–April 6, 2009 The Roy and Niuta Titus Theaters 1 and 2 Lobby Galleries

Batiste Madalena and the Cinema of the October 20, 2008–March 14, 2009 The Roy and Niuta Titus Theaters and The Celeste Bartos Theater

New York, October 14, 2008—Batiste Madalena: Hand-Painted Film Posters for the Eastman Theatre, 1924–1928 presents the work of the artist Batiste Madalena (American, b. Italy, 1902–1988), who was hired by George Eastman during the late period of silent cinema, from 1924 to 1928, to design and hand-paint film posters for the Eastman Theatre in Rochester, New York. In advance of seeing the films themselves, Madalena would work with still photographs, press materials, and his passion for particular performers to create one-of-a-kind posters promoting larger-than-life subjects, all on a scale that could be clearly seen from cars passing the theater’s outdoor poster vitrines. Working alone over a four-year period and against deadlines that required as many as eight new posters a week for each change of bill, Madalena created over 1,400 original works before the end of his tenure, when the theater changed management. Approximately 250 of these posters survived when the artist himself rescued them from the trash behind the theater. Madalena’s rediscovery in the 1980s brought his brilliantly colored, singular designs, done in tempera paint on paper board, to the attention of critics and collectors, and soon made him one of the most celebrated advertising artists for moving pictures. This exhibition consists of 53 posters drawn from institutional and private lenders, as well as The Museum of Modern Art’s collection. The exhibition is on view in The Roy and Niuta Titus Theaters Lobby Galleries from October 15, 2008, through April 6, 2009. The exhibition, and the accompanying film series, is organized by Ron Magliozzi, Assistant Curator, and Jenny He, Curatorial Assistant, Department of Film, The Museum of Modern Art. When it opened in 1922 with 3,350 seats, the Eastman Theatre was the third-largest cinema in the United States, and the flagship in a first-run chain that included other Rochester, New York theaters the Piccadilly (2,200), the Regent (1,800), and the art-house Kilbourn Hall (500). To fill seats at the Eastman, it was determined that a polished, one-of-a-kind variety program was needed to distinguish its offerings from those of competitors. Each weekly presentation, timed at about 90 minutes, was tailored to include musical interludes, a newsreel, a one-reel comedy, a thematic stage piece such as The Boastful Braggart—Madalena’s poster for which is included in this exhibition—and a feature film that was often edited or projected at an increased running speed to fit the bill. Charged with producing posters as unusual as the Eastman’s carefully assembled programs, Madalena’s work had to be forceful and effective as a selling tool, but also high-class and artful, with less of the messy narrative content and nineteenth-century sensationalism that characterized mass-produced film posters in the previous decade. Working to fill six outdoor vitrines, he developed a streamlined, Art Deco style that enlivened the staid, neoclassical facade of the theater building. Having studied with influential advertising artist J. C. Leyendecker (American, 1874–1951) at the Mechanics Institute of Rochester, Madalena adopted various conventions of print art that bear comparison with the commercial work of Ludwig Hohlwein (German, 1874–1949), and cover artist C. Coles Phillips (American, 1880-1927), who were masters of a “fadeaway” technique that tied figures into a background by color and pattern. Taking up this practice allowed Madalena to use a minimum of outline and the pre-printed color of his drawing surface to help him cope with a relentless production schedule. The Madalena posters in this exhibition are rare examples of exhibitor-commissioned film advertising. Often his work falls within the familiar traditions of motion picture advertising: targeting audiences of men (Old Ironsides) or women (Upstage), highlighting genres like melodrama (The Kid Brother) or comedy (Clothes Make the Pirate), and using color to communicate the mood of a film—fiery orange for the passionate The Loves of Carmen and blue for the somber prison drama The Noose. In other instances, Madalena surprises with decorative abstraction (The Thundering Herd), silhouette effects (A Thief in Paradise), counterintuitive humor (The Cossacks), and the witty blending of paint and collage (The Freshman). His restrictive, geometric motif for the tragic Variety and his choice of the color pink for the dinosaur adventure The Lost World seem avant-garde in the context of early motion picture advertising. Throughout his work, Madalena’s skill at freehand lettering is evident.

Batiste Madalena and the Cinema of the 1920s Presented in conjunction with the gallery exhibition is Batiste Madalena and the Cinema of the 1920s, a film series featuring a selection of movies for which the artist created film posters. His work brings unexpected color and a new perspective to the iconic stars and films of silent cinema's mature period. Rarely screened titles include Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer’s Russian melodrama The Cossacks (1928); the epic Old Ironsides (1926); the surviving reels of Paramount's adaptation of the George S. Kaufman/ comedy (1925); the preserved reel of The Wanderer (1925); the dinosaur adventure The Lost World (1925); and the "" comedies Shivering Spooks (1926) and Sundown Ltd. (1924). Among those represented in the series are directors James Cruze (Old Ironsides, Beggar on Horseback); (Underworld); Cecil B. DeMille (The Volga Boatman); and performers Greta Garbo (The Mysterious

2 Lady); W. C. Fields (Sally of the Sawdust); (The Unknown); John Gilbert (The Cossacks); Emil Jannings (Variety); (Beau Brummel); Harold Lloyd (The Freshman); and (Hotel Imperial). Music for the series is performed by internationally renowned accompanists Ben Model on the Miditzer organ, and Philip Carli on the piano. Mr. Carli is an expert on the Eastman Theatre and he will speak briefly on its history before each of his performances. This film series is on view October 20, 2008, through March 14, 2009, in The Roy and Niuta Titus Theaters and The Celeste Bartos Theater.

Press Contact: Meg Blackburn, (212) 708-9757, [email protected]

For downloadable images, please visit www.moma.org/press.

No. 107

Public Information: The Museum of Modern Art, 11 West 53rd Street, New York, NY 10019 Hours: Wednesday through Monday: 10:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m. Friday: 10:30 a.m.-8:00 p.m. Closed Tuesday Museum Admission: $20 adults; $16 seniors, 65 years and over with I.D.; $12 full-time students with current I.D. Free, members and children 16 and under. (Includes admittance to Museum galleries and film programs) Target Free Friday Nights 4:00-8:00 p.m. The public may call 212/708-9400 for Museum information. Visit us on the Web at www.moma.org.

SCREENING SCHEDULE

Batiste Madalena and the Cinema of the 1920s

Monday, October 20

6:00 Sally of the Sawdust. 1925. USA. Directed by D. W. Griffith. With W. C. Fields, Carol Dempster. Fields made his film debut in this sentimental adaptation of the hit Broadway musical Poppy, playing a con man who raises a sensitive orphan girl (Griffith protégé Dempster) to be a sideshow performer. Madalena’s posters present the film’s stars as naïve carnival entertainers in a series of juggling and dancing poses. Silent, with organ accompaniment by Ben Model. Approx. 117 min.

8:30 Hotel Imperial. 1927. USA. Directed by Mauritz Stiller. With Pola Negri, James Hall. Swedish director Stiller brings a European sensibility and atmosphere to the setting of this studio vehicle, written by Jules Furthman for German actress Negri, about a housemaid who hides a fugitive Hungarian officer from Russian soldiers during World War I. Although Negri gives one of her least glamorous performances in the film, Madalena’s poster features a flamboyant caricature that he had originally created to promote her 1923 feature The Spanish Dancer. Silent, with organ (October 20 and 22) or piano (November 30) accompaniment by Ben Model. 80 min.

Wednesday, October 22

7:00 Hotel Imperial. See Monday, October 20, 6:00.

3 Friday, November 28

6:00 Old Ironsides. 1926. USA. Directed by James Cruze. With , . Originally presented in a startling format, this historical epic was big-budget, state-of-the-art entertainment upon its release. Mixing adventure, romance, and comedy, Old Ironsides tells the tale of the famed frigate USS Constitution battling pirates off the coast of North Africa in 1803. Madalena’s poster design emphasizes the film’s masculinity; against a flaming red sky, the craggy, disembodied heads of and float above silhouetted ships on the high seas. Silent, with piano accompaniment by Ben Model. 109 min.

8:30 The Last Command. 1928. USA. Directed by Josef von Sternberg. With Emil Jannings, . Jannings won the first-ever Academy Award for his portrayal of a refugee Russian general reduced to working as a Hollywood extra, reenacting his own glory days for the camera. The German actor was the most critically acclaimed international male star of the period, able to play both proud and put-upon with equal aplomb. Madalena captured his typically stern and tragic demeanor in posters for a half- dozen of his most important roles. Silent, with organ (November 28) or piano accompaniment (November 28) by Ben Model. 89 min.

Saturday, November 29

2:00 Sally of the Sawdust. See Monday, October 20, 6:00.

4:30 Old Ironsides. See Friday, November 28, 6:00.

Sunday, November 30

2:00 Hotel Imperial. See Monday, October 20, 8:30.

4:00 The Last Command. See Friday, November 28, 8:30.

Wednesday, December 3

1:30 Shivering Spooks (excerpt). 1926. USA. Directed by Robert F. McGowan. With , Allen "Farina" Hoskins. The “Our Gang” kids are spooked by fake spiritualists in a haunted house. Silent. Approx. 10 min.

Sundown Ltd. 1924. USA. Directed by Robert F. McGowan. With Mickey Daniels, . Inspired by their adventures in a train yard, the “Our Gang” kids create their own railroad, ending with a wild ride off the tracks in this mini-epic short. Silent. Approx. 22 min.

Beggar on Horseback (excerpt). 1925. USA. Directed by James Cruze. With Edward Everett Horton, Esther Ralston. Based on the Broadway comedy by George S. Kaufman and Marc Connelly. Circumstances force an unsuccessful composer of classical music to write jazz and forsake his love for an impoverished artist in favor of a wealthy marriage, until an expressionistic nightmare brings him to his senses. Madalena’s poster is modeled on a press photograph taken from the film’s famed dream sequence. Only an incomplete print of this feature survives. 35 min. Silent, with organ accompaniment by Ben Model (December 3) and piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (December 26). Program approx. 67 min.

4 Thursday, December 4

1:30 Two Tars. 1928. USA. Directed by James Parrott. With Stan Laurel, Oliver Hardy. For two sailors on shore leave, a gumball machine and a minor traffic accident lead to mass destruction. 21 min.

The Cossacks. 1928. USA. Directed by George Hill. With John Gilbert, Renée Adorée. Based on a novel by Leo Tolstoy. The son of a Cossack leader humiliates his father by refusing to kill Turks and being branded a coward. He redeems himself in battle but falls victim to pride, damaging his relationship with a girl of the tribe. Madalena’s posters for the film were based on caricatures of the stars drawn by Al Hirschfeld for the MGM studio press book. Silent, with organ accompaniment by Ben Model (December 4) and piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (December 26). Approx. 102 min.

Friday, December 5

1:30 The Lost World. 1925. USA. Directed by Harry O. Hoyt. With , Lewis Stone. A precursor of the recent Jurassic Park films, based on the 1912 novel by Arthur Conan Doyle. A British explorer who leads an expedition into the Amazon to prove the existence of a lost world of prehistoric animals and ape-men returns to London with a dinosaur— which promptly goes on a rampage. In this rare instance, Madalena's poster abandoned human celebrities in favor of larger-than-life monsters. Silent, with organ accompaniment by Ben Model (December 5) and piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (December 27). Approx. 102 min.

Friday, December 26

6:00 Beggar on Horseback. See Wednesday, December 3, 1:30. Shivering Spooks. Sundown Ltd.

8:30 The Cossacks. See Thursday, December 4, 1:30. Two Tars.

Saturday, December 27

7:00 The Lost World. See Friday, December 5, 1:30.

Friday, January 23

6:00 The Unknown. 1927. USA. Directed by . With Lon Chaney, , Norman Kerry. A wanted man binds his arms and takes on the identity of an armless, knife-throwing carnival freak. After killing the father of the woman he admires to protect his secret and amputating his arms to prove his love for her, he discovers that she is engaged to the troupe’s strongman. Silent, with piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (January 23) and organ accompaniment by Ben Model (January 28). Approx. 55 min.

8:30 The Volga Boatman. 1926. USA. Directed by Cecil B. DeMille. With William Boyd, Elinor Fair, Robert Edeson. In this drama of the Russian Revolution, a Red peasant boatman and a princess of the White aristocracy fall in love as civil war breaks out, saving each other as they attempt to escape the clutches of the warring factions. Silent, with piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (January 23) and organ accompaniment by Ben Model (January 29). Approx. 120 min.

5 Saturday, January 24

7:00 The Mysterious Lady (with trailer). 1928. USA. Directed by Fred Niblo. With Greta Garbo, Conrad Nagel, Gustav von Seyffertitz. An Austrian officer falls in love with a beautiful Russian spy leading to romantic double-cross, stolen documents and murder, from a story by Ludwig Wolff Der Krieg im Dunkel. Silent, with piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (January 24) and organ accompaniment by Ben Model (January 30). Approx. 88 min.

Wednesday, January 28

1:30 The Unknown. See Friday, January 23, 6:00.

Thursday, January 29

1:30 The Volga Boatman. See Friday, January 23, 8:30.

Friday, January 30

1:30 The Mysterious Lady (with trailer). See Saturday, January 24, 7:00.

Wednesday, February 4

1:30 Loves of Carmen. 1927. USA. Directed by . With Dolores Del Rio, Don Alvarado, Victor McLaglen. An adaptation of the Prosper Mérimée story (1845) that became Bizet’s opera Carmen, a frivolous young woman spurns the love of a passionate soldier in favor of a famous toreador, with tragic consequences. Silent, with organ accompaniment by Ben Model (February 4) and piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (February 7). Approx. 86 min.

Thursday, February 5

1:30 Variete (Variety). 1925. . Directed by E. A. Dupont. With Emil Jannings, , Warwick Ward. A condemned convict tells the cautionary tale of how he abandoned his wife and child for a beautiful dancer, partnered with a famous acrobat in a circus act, and conceived a high-wire murder to avenge the discovery of his partners’ affair. Silent, with organ accompaniment by Ben Model (February 5) and piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (February 7). Approx. 75 min.

Friday, February 6

1:30 The Wanderer (excerpt). 1926. USA. Directed by Raoul Walsh. With Greta Nissen, Ernest Torrence, Wallace Beery. In this adaptation from a German novel and Broadway play (1917), a simple Jewish shepherd is lured into an orgiastic life of pleasure by a priestess of the Babylonian goddess Ishtar, before escaping the prophecy of the city’s destruction and returning to share in the family Feast of the Fatted Calf. Approx 15 min.

The Kid Brother. 1927. USA. Directed by Ted Wilde. With Harold Lloyd, Jobyna Ralston, Constantine Romanoff. The timid son of a county sheriff, bullied by his brothers and the town toughs overcomes his fears with the rescue and romance of a medicine show girl and his triumph over the thieves who have discredited his family, in this dramatic comedy. Silent, with organ accompaniment by Ben Model (February 6) and piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (February 7). Approx. 84 min.

Saturday, February 7

2:00 Variety. See Thursday, February 5, 1:30.

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6:30 Loves of Carmen. See Wednesday, February 4, 1:30.

8:30 The Wanderer/The Kid Brother. See Friday, February 6, 1:30.

Wednesday, March 4

1:30 Beau Brummel. 1924. USA. Directed by Harry Beaumont. With John Barrymore, , Carmel Myers. In this historical drama based on the play (1916) by Clyde Fitch, a British army officer pursues a reckless bachelor’s life after losing his sweetheart to an arranged marriage, and ends his days in poverty and disgrace. Silent, with organ accompaniment by Ben Model (March 4) and piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (March 14). Approx. 117 min.

Thursday, March 5

1:30 Underworld. 1927. USA. Directed by Josef von Sternberg. With George Bancroft, Evelyn Brent, Clive Brook. The friendship between a tough gang leader and his pal, the refined brains behind their criminal organization, leads to a love triangle, a revenge murder and an act of self-sacrifice. Silent, with organ accompaniment by Ben Model (March 5) and piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (March 14). Approx. 81 min.

Friday, March 6

1:30 The Freshman. 1925. USA. Directed by Sam Taylor. With Harold Lloyd, Jobyna Ralston, Brooks Benedict. An overeager college freshman suffers a series of embarrassing comic mishaps before he proves himself on the football field. Madalena’s posters for the film use a paper collage technique that is unique in his surviving work. This comedy was the theater’s biggest box-office success under Eastman’s management. Silent, with organ accompaniment by Ben Model (March 6) and piano accompaniment by Philip Carli (March 14). Approx. 76 min.

Saturday, March 14

2:00 Beau Brummel. See Wednesday, March 4, 1:30.

4:30 The Freshman. See Friday, March 6, 1:30.

6:30 Underworld. See Thursday, March 5, 1:30.

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