The Economic Integration

of Roman Italy

Rural Communities in a Globalizing World

Edited by

T.C.A. de Haas G.W. Toi

'/68V

BRILL

LEIDEN | BOSTON Contents

List of Figures and Tables ix Notes on Contributors XVI

Introduction 1 Gijs Toi and Tymon de Haas

PART 1 The Economic, Social and Geographie Context

1 The Benefits of Market Integration: Five Centnries of Prosperity in Roman Italy 15 Willem Jongman

2 The Global Roman Countryside: Connectivity and Community 28 Robert Witcher

3 The Geography of Roman Italy and Its Implications for the Development of Rural Economies 51 Tymon de Haas

PART 2 Arable Production and Society

4 Something Old, Something New: Social and Economic Developments in the Countryside of Roman Italy between Republic and Empire 85 Alessand.ro Launaro

5 The Diversification and Intensihcation of Italian Agriculture: The Complementary Roles of the Small and Wealthy Farmer 112 GeojfreyKron

6 Modelling Crop-Selection in Roman Italy. The Economies of Agricultural Decision Making in a Globalizing Economy 141 Frits Heinrich VI CONTENTS

7 Peasant Agricultural Strategies in Southern Tuscany: Convertible Agriculture and the Importance of Pasture 170 Kim Bowes, Anna Maria Mercuri, Eleonora Rattigheri, Rossella Rinaldi, Antonia Arnoldus-Huyzendveld, Mariaelena Ghisleni, Com Grey, Michael MacKinnon and Emanuele Vaccaro

PART 3 Rural Grafts

8 Issues in the Study of Rural Graft Production in Roman Italy 203 J. Theodore Pena

9 Italic Sigillata Production and Trade in Rural Central Italy: New Data from the Project 'Excavating the Roman Peasant' 231 Emanuele Vaccaro, Claudio Capelli and Mariaelena Ghisleni

10 Crafts and Trade in Minor Settlements in North and Central Italy: Reflections on an Ongoing Research Project 263 Sara Santoro f

PART 4 Commercialization

11 Wine and Amphorae in Campania in the Hellenistic Age: The Case of Ischia 299 Gloria Olcese

12 Rural, Urban and Suburban Communities and Their Economic InterConnectivity in Coastal North Etruria (2nd Century BC-2nd Century AD) 322 Marinella Pasquinucci and Simonetta Menchelli

13 The Role of Overseas Export and Local Consumption Demand in the Development of Viticulture in Central-Adriatic Italy (200BC-AD150). The Case of the Ager Potentinus and the Wider Potenza Valley 342 Dimitri Van Limbergen, Patrick Monsieur and Frank Vermeiden CONTENTS VII

14 From Surface Find to Consumption Trend: A Ceramic Perspective on the Economic History of the Pontine Region (Lazio, Central Italy) in the Roman Period 367 Gijs Toi

15 Wood and Charcoal for Rome: Towards an Understanding of Ancient Regional Fuel Economics 388 Robyn Veal

16 Where Were the Coins We Find Actually Used? 407 Michael Crawford

PART 5 Conclusions

17 Roman Economic Practice across Time and Space: An Outside Perspective 417 GaryM. Feinman

18 Landscape Archaeology in Italy: Past Questions, Current State and Future Directions 426 Peter Attema

Bibliography 437 Index 501