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22 November 2005 UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION Project title: Community stabilization for returnees, internally displaced persons and host communities in Dhobley and Afmadow, southern Somalia Project number: 160144 Area/Location/Countries Africa, Arab States, Somalia RBM code: GC1 Creating Shared Prosperity Thematic area code GC13 HS & Post-crisis Rehab Starting date: 1 April 2017 or upon receipt of funds Duration: 12 Months Government Project-linked Government Ministries (Ministry of Education and local Co-ordinating agency: authorities) Counterpart: UN Sister Agencies Executing agency/ cooperating agency: UNIDO Project Inputs: 528,319 USD - Support costs (13 %): 68,681 USD - Counterpart inputs: In-kind - Grand Total: 597,000 USD Brief description: In southern Somalia, civil war, international isolation, and clan-based violence have had a profound and adverse impact on the productive capacity of all sectors of the economy. These destabilizing forces have significantly impacted income and employment creation in Jubaland which has further hindered socio-economic development. The region still remains vulnerable due to natural disasters such as drought with effects compounded by loss of crops and increasing food insecurity. Poor access to decision makers, overwhelmed humanitarian distribution networks, high transaction costs, weak government service delivery, tightly controlled labour and product markets challenge the legitimate aspirations of populations. An increase in displacement and returnees, a majority who are youth, places a further stress on urban communities in the region, in particular Dhobley and Afmadow. Despite the liberation by AMISOM in 2012, both cities continue to feel aftershocks from the conflict and worsening security. With a stagnant economy, there is a serious risk of youth becoming engaged in the conflict. The project aims to provide marketable vocational skills training to contribute to strengthening absorption capacity of the host community and re-integration into the labour market of vulnerable populations including IDPs and returnees to contribute to community recovery and stabilization. Approved: Signature: Date: Name and title: On behalf of …………….: On behalf of UNIDO: 1 A. CONTEXT A.1 Background Information Stability and development in Somalia are critical to achieving the strategic priorities that have been agreed upon between Somalia's government and the international community. Conflict continues to de- stabilize international and national government efforts to move out of its 'fragile state' status. To support this transition, it is essential that current stability operations in the country are accompanied by complimentary efforts aimed at promoting economic development, employment creation, and community reconciliation. Afmadow district is an important economic, commercial, and agricultural hub in Jubaland given its location along the border with Kenya. Dhobley’s location is not only important for trade but it is also a transit hub for migrants and returnees for registration and onward movement to Kismayo, Baidoa, and Luuq. In May 2016 the Government of Kenya announced plans to close Dadaab refugee camps resulting in an increasing outflow of Somalis returning to various host communities in southern Somalia. UNHCR announced in July 2016 that Afamdow would be recognized as an official area of return and has initiated establishing a way station in Afmadow to accommodate increased resettlement in the district. However, shortly thereafter from August to November 2016, Jubaland authorities closed the border for voluntary returnees until commitments and action to improve conditions and resettlement opportunities were improved. The international communities along with federal and regional authorities have responded with developing a coherent and joint effort to provide durable solution to areas impacted by displacement and returns. Dhobley and Afmadow district has also been an important transit point for armed groups accessing both Kenya and Somalia. Despite the presence of an AMISOM base in Dhobley and Afmadow, the security situation outside of the cities is tenuous with recent security reports indicating that Al-Shabaab has operational camps just outside the towns. With almost no presence of government institutions and limited capacity of organization's to provide vocational skills in Afmadow district resulting in weak absorptive capacity to deal with incoming IDPs and returnees, vulnerable populations face an upwards struggle to obtain marketable skills to enter labor and commercial product markets. The concern is the risk of further disenfranchisement of youth and men resulting in joining armed groups as means for livelihoods. UNIDOs Community Stabilization and Reconciliation Programme (CSR) has implemented projects in Jubaland since 2014. Community stabilization for returnees, internally displaced persons, and host communities in Dhobley and Afmadow, Sothern Somalia (hereafter referred to as ‘CSR Afmadow’) builds upon the achievements of UNIDOs CSR I (14008), CSR II (140231) MIPS (TF/SOM/11/001) and SERIES (120154) projects; all funded by Japan. The design of CSR Afmadow also reflects key findings of the Independent Evaluation (IE) of the MIPS and SERIES projects and initial experiences on the ground during operationalization of CSR I. The IEs confirmed the relevance of UNIDOs Quick Impact (QI) approach which integrates technical assistance, livelihoods recovery, and human security goals/objectives. A.2 Project Rationale and Justification Since the announcement by the Government of Kenya to close Dadaab, there has been an increased movement of voluntary return. It quickly highlighted the ongoing humanitarian crisis for the host communities in lower Juba which are showing increasing signs of strain. The absorptive capacity of authorities to effectively integrate returnee populations, especially in Dhobley and Afmadow, both facing drought, food insecurity, and ongoing conflict, is also rapidly deteriorating. In Afmadow, an additional 5,000 IDPs have arrived since June 2016 alone due to flooding of the Jubba River. 80% of the IDPs are women and children. In a population of 88,000 people (estimates up to 250,000 with displacement), there are only 5 functional wells in town. This is taking place against the backdrop of a growing campaign against Al-Shabaab insurgents and new AMISOM airstrikes in Middle Juba which is resulting in more displacement. The pressing need to assist in the integration of these returnee populations requires funding immediately for livelihoods assistance and access to technology and tools to resume or increase productive activities. In Afmadow and Dhobley there have been to date limited reintegration programming meaning the impact of the spontaneous and voluntary returnees is greatly felt on the host community given the already existing crisis as a result of humanitarian, environment and security crisis. In a recent USAID survey in Afmadow town local leaders and the displaced identified lack of livelihood opportunities and the need for vocational skills training as a main priority. Most of the IDP families in the areas are depending on domestic workers and casual labourer jobs and other forms of low income employment. In a recent UNOCHA field assessment that UNIDO contributed to, Afmadow lacks skilled technicians to produce agricultural tools to improve production, mechanics to repair vehicles or ag-processing equipment. Currently, ag products are being transported to Kismayo for processing which reduces return value. The project would aim to establish integrated vocational skills training and Common Facility Centers (CFS) to deliver skills training and provide the means for local farmers and tradesmen to be more self-reliant to access tools and equipment to increase productivity reduce post harvest losses and improve community food security. The announcement by Kenya to close Dadaab in addition to the resulting unpredictable nature of the flow of voluntary return surprised the international community. As no livelihood activities had been planned for returnees or IDPs in Dhobley and Afmadow the situation remains dire. The successful integration of IDPs and returnee populations into their host communities will play a critical role in creating more favourable conditions for broader based community resiliency enhancing initiatives where security permits. Continued cross border attacks by Al Shbaab over the border into Kenya as well as along the main transit road for returnees between Dhobley and Afmadow further destabilize the region. Reports indicate the establishment of new Al Shabaab bases within 30-60km from Dhobley to support the increased presence and carry hit and run attacks in Dhobley, along the road roads between Liboi, Kenya and Dhobley as well as between Afmadow town. In October , 2016 Al Shbaab temporarily cut communication lines and carried out an attack in Afmadow town, kidnapping a leading elder. Al-Shabab still maintains a significant presence in areas outside Kismayo, in Middle Jubba and parts of Gedo, and the recent and continuing withdrawal of Ethiopian national troops to home bases has had the effect of leaving vacated areas vulnerable to takeover by AS, reversing former gains and giving rise to new population displacement1. A continued drought has further exacerbated food insecurity in a district dependent on livestock and livestock products. IDP camps and the local community face serious shelter and Wash/San conditions. Dhobley and Afmadow importance
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