APRIL, 1908
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS mSter/^el Bros. f©. JAMES L. STUART, MANTELS Constructing Wc carry the largest line of imported ENGLISH, DUTCH and FRENCH tiles for mantel work in the city. Contractors Engineer.. _... and makers of IN/pE T I L E 341 Sixth Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.
... ;•••. files and Fire place goods of all descriptions. - Contracts taken for all Classes of Building . ^I&jg Market Street,Office Buildings, Industrial Plants, Power Plants, Reinforced Concrete, Etc, ^PITTSBURGH. Bell Phone Orant 3158.
•• 'Phon«it B«U, Court 37TG. P. <&. A., Main SSI.
Bell Phone 3133 Court. McGully-Hickman Go, Limited. W. F. TRIMBLE & SONS CO. o~ ^ Building General Bill Hactors, Contractors No. 1719 Greenwood Street, . . . ALLEGHENY, PA.
801-2 Pittsburg Bank for Savings. PlftSBCRO, I»A.
-'
I>AXJXv \ZV. MoOUlvIyY, MCr. THE BUILDER 3
gO
FINISHING AND RE-FINISHING OF HARD WOODS.
Bell 'Phone 211 Cedar.
850 North Avenue, West, Allegheny.
ASSOCIATED WITH DEWAR & CLINTON LIFE-SIZE WON MADE IN SHEET COPPER FIRE-PROOF METAL WINDOWS SKYLIGHTS- -CORNICES -FINIALS Dewar, Clinton & Alexander Co. METAL TILE ROOFING SHEET METAL ORNAMENTAL WORK PENNAVENUE, PITTSBURGH, PA. n If Catalogue of any line you are interested in sent free on request. 1 Prices quoted on special designs made Bell 'Phone 1383 Court. from architects' drawings. If We solicit your corres pondence. v^O
FARMERS BANK BUILDING PITTSBURGH, PA.
222884 THE BUILDER
// Fire Protection Without Cost" FIREFIGHT PAINTS
As its name indicates, Firefight is a fire-retarding paint, and must not be construed as being in the same class with the many so-called fireproofpaints . We guarantee that Firefight is a strictly pure linseed oil paint, the pigment being ground in and thinned with pure linseed oil and the drier used being of the best quality procurable. We guarantee that buildings and woodwork protected by Firefight will be rendered fireproof to a degree not obtainable by the use of any other paint. Firefight Paint Company PITTSBURGH, PENN'A.
Atlantic Terra Cotta Company Successors to THE ATLANTIC TERRA COTTA. CO. PERTH AMBOY TERRA COTTA CO. EXCELSIOR TERRA COTTA CO. STANDARD TERRA COTTA WORKS. The Largest Manufacturers of ARCHITECTURAL TERRA COTTA In the World.
T\7e are prepared at all times to offer invaluable information to Architects as to the economical use of Terra Cotta, and to advise with them as to proper con struction. Architects desiring" approximate and actual estimates and prices for the substitution of our Terra Cotta for more expensive but less desirable building material, may always be sure of receiving prompt attention.
PITTSBURGH OFFICE, 1113-1114 FULTON BUILDING FRANKS G. EVATT, DISTRICT MANAGER THE BUILDER
Mii^sni&''<^i^i'-:i&i4t ing Fixtures. It is the "cleanest" spot because it contains ever •mnliance for the promotion of personal cleanliness and refinenu
Msf Illlljljlyt ImlSj 6 THE BUILDER
Wm. Miller & Sons7 Go.
Contractors and Builders
530 to 534 Federal Street, PITTSBURGH, PA.
Bell Phone, 145 Grant P. & A., 2289 Main
The B. P. Young Go. Krum Granite & Stone Go.
MARBLE, MOSAIC and TILEEstimates Furnished for all kinds Granite and Stone
530 to 534 Federal Street 530 to 534 Federal Street S
Bell Phone, 1405 Grant Bell Phone, 1405 Grant Mill Office Phone, 494 Schenley i
Miller Brick Go. Win. Miller & Sons, Inc.
MANUFACTURERS OF MANUFACTURERS OF VITRIFIED FACE BRICK Mill Work and Fine Interior Woodwork
ROCHESTER, PA. MILLS, ROCHESTER, PA.
Bell Phone, 76 Rochester, Pa. Bell Phone, 19 Rochester, Pa.
fy^^a*^!,**^**/***-**^****^^ THE U I L D E R
THE THE Jos, l^rennan Co.W . S. TYLER Dealers and Contractors in COM PANY MOSAIC, TILE and ORNAMENTAL MARBLE IRON AND BRONZE Tile cMantels a Specialty.
714- Mag'ee Building PITTSBURGH, PA. BESSEMER BUILDING Phone 3417 Court. PITTSBURGH, PA.
*• *i* ****** *$*-^t*J*-^M$*-^*-,^*2*-*$*-^*-*$*-»$*-»$*-»$*-i3* *********+** *+* >******t*****T.**I********I*1^ *i« -*$• >T< *t* * Diebold Lumber and \ SCOTT A. WHITE f* | LEWIS BUILDING Manufacturing Co. J 0«cr>C 0 0 Bath Portland Cement OFFICE AND MILL PHONES 93 to 105 Wabash St. Bell 9 Walnut West End Bell 249 Walnut glate Asphalt and Gravel Roofing MATTHEWS BROS' James Stewart & Go. MANUFACTURING GENERAL CONTRACTORS COMPANY Office and Railway Buildings, Manufacturing Plants, >00<^00<=>00< >00 Lincoln Trust Building, St. Louis. 0 STEINER & VOEGTLY A Good Tin Roof is the Most Weather-Proof That Can Be Had at Any Cost. DEALERS IN Sargent's Fine Builders' Hardware "HAMILTON'S Luitink, Acme Lane & Coburn BEST" Sliding Door Hangers Brand of Roofing Plate is Both Weather-Proof and Fire-Proof. Starrett's Machinists' Tools Tree Brand MANUFACTURED BY Cutlery & Razors Manufacturers of JOHN HAMILTON Geisey Casement OFFICE AND FACTORY ON LINE OF THE B. a O. R. R. NEAR TECUMSEH STREET, WINDOW CLOSED. WINDOW OPEN. GIESEY'S ELEVATING CASEMENT WINDOW HINGE. WindoW PiVOtS TWENTY-THIRD WARD, PATENTED JVV 19"^ IB9B. STEINER & VOEGTLY, 310 WOOD ST., PITTSBURG PA. g^J Uj^geS PITTSBURGH, PA. ' BELL HAZEL 6 LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONES 230-234 Diamond Street PITTSBURG, PA. I P. a A PARK 2BO The Malonc Stone Co. CLEVELAND, OHIO iflL4 ft i. ftfete^ _ (r ==^ Cabot's Shingle Stains Amherst Blae THE ORIGINAL AND STANDARD and Buff Stone THE only Shingle Stains that contain No Kerosene, Benzine or Other Cheapener. Made of the Best ^= Pigments, Pure Linseed Oil and Creosote, "the Best Wood Preservative Known." •M SAMPLES SENT ON REQUEST SAMUEL CABOT, Sole Manufacturer BRANCHES BOSTON, MASS. D. C. THOR.NBURG, Urgent, Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Chicago New York 10 THE BUILDER A & S.WILSON COMPANY Contractors •and= Builders PITTSBURGH PENNSYLVANIA THE MAHONING COUNTY COURT HOUSE, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. OWSLEY, BOUCHERLE & CO.. Architects. THE BVILDER Vol. 26 PITTSBURGH, PA., APRIL, 1908 No. 1 PUBLISHED MONTHLY theatre was believed to befire-proof, an d in fact its walls were not badly damaged during the conflagra BY tion, but the interior construction was of such a charac T. M. WALKER ter that not only were a large number of lives lost, but the interior of the building was practically an entire HEEREN BUILDING PITTSBURGH, PA. loss. If more attention had been given to the neces Entered at the Post office at Pittsburgh, Pa., as Second-Class Matter. sary exits,fire-curtains an d sprinklers, etc., it is safe to say that many of the lives which were sacrificed would have been saved. SUBSCRIPTION, INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE, ONE YEAR, $2 A laterfire tha t has caused considerable comment was that of the Parker Building in New York city. This building was erected some years ago and was by FIRE COST AND PREVENTION courtesy called fire-proof. Its outer walls were of Ever}' little while we hear of the destruction of stone, brick and terra cotta, its skeleton of steel and its one of our so-called "fire-proof" buildings and for a time floorfilling o f hollow tile. Very good so far, but let the daily papers arefilled with excuses as to why they us look into the manner of construction more closelv, burned, and the public wonder if indeed there is really and we find that the steel girders were unprotected at any such thing as a trulyfireproof structure. their vulnerable points, the windows were of ordinary The answer is simple. It is possible to erect a glass protected only by an inferior grade of iron shut thoroughly fireproof building, but there are a great ter and the elevators were open to everyfloor, no at many buildings put up ever}' year, which though they tempt having been made to protect the building from are built of brick, stone and probably steel and hollow the spread of flames at this point. The water supplv tile, are yet very far from fire-proof. The reason is was so noor that the firemen could reach only to the found in the improper and careless construction, the fifth floo"r. use of structural steel that is not entirely enclosed in The Parker building was originally intended for hollow tile, the use of a large amount of wood in the office purposes, but was at the time of thefire use d as interior construction, a neglect shown in the use of or a manufacturing plant and wasfilled wit h machinery, dinary glass for windows, and last, but most import and the entire interior had been sub-divided by flimsy ant, elevator shafts in which, little or no attempt has wood partitions, which ihad become oil soaked, and been made to enclose from the hallways and which, in which burned like tinder. To call such a building fire time offire, act as the best possible means of spreading proof is like saying a stove isfire-proof. O f course it the destructive flames. is—on the outside—but just as the fire burns in the Not only is the loss of life that results from fire furnace so surely will the semi-fire-proof buildings that appalling, but the money loss is hardly to be con are filled with combustile contents burn, and there ceived by the lay mind. Last year, according to fig is practically nothing that can be done to stop them ures collected throughout all parts of the country, the once they have caught fire. amount of money lost byfire wa s $215,000,000 and the What has been rightly called a "national crime" money spent tofire department s was even higher, be was the burning last month of the Lake View school ing at a conservative estimate placed at $300,000,000. at Collinwood, Ohio, a suburb of Cleveland. Here as To these amounts must also be added the amount paid in the cases before mentioned the building was "fire to fire insurance companies for protection, which proof" and after it was all over the walls still stood. amounted to $195,000,000, making a total of over half a But in thefire whic h ate up the wood stairs and wiped billion of dollars. To counteract this immense sum we out the entire inside of the school the lives of one-hun have only the amount of $95,000,000 paid by the insur dred and seventy-four little children and their teachers ance companies to settle claims, which leaves the total were sacrificed. And to what cause? Merely that a loss to the country at $615,000,000—truly an amazing few paltry dollars might be saved by making stairs and sum. partitions of cheap pine and allowing steampipes with Let us look back at the famous fires that have in a few inches of wooden joists so that they soon be within the last few years destroyed some of the so- came kiln-dried. called "fire-proof" 'buildings; First among these we There are thousands of schools all over the coun will take as an example the Iroquois Theatrefire. Thi s try that are in as bad condition as was the Lake View i6 THE BUILDER bring some dowery to the institution. The convent FIREPROOF HOUSES MODERATTE IN PRICE building was begun in 1680 and the church was dedi TO-DAY cated in 1700. It contains relics of the holy martyrs Saints Celestino and Lucida, brought from Rome in Demand for fireproof houses and the increasing 1803. price of building lumber have both led to the more Belen Church, corner of Luz and Compostela, was general use of hollow tile as a building material. Its built in 1704. It takes its name from Santa Maria use forfloors, roofs and partitions of steel frame build de Belen (Our Lady of Bethlehem), patroness in Spain ings is to-day very general, but for the foundations and of the Franciscan order of Jeronymites. The church outside walls it is not so well known, owing to the and monastery, and free school in connection, were fact that small buildings, to which this use is particu maintained by the Franciscan monks for nearly a cen larly adapted, have been usually built of wood. tury, and then the buildings were taken by the govern That the cost of a fireproof house built entirely ment for use as barracks. In 1853 they were given to of hollow tile is reasonable, has been demonstrated by the Jesuits, who formed schools, established the Col a house recently put up in Briarcliff Manor, a suburb lege of Belen, set up an observatory reputed to be the of New York. Designs..were prepared for an eleven best organized in Latin-America, collected a library room house, of the familar wooden frame type. Bids rich in prints and drawings illustrating Cuban history, for the construction of wood were considered high, and and formed a museum of native woods and natural his alternate bids using concrete walls and wooden floors, tory specimens. Jas. Anthony Froude wrote of them in were asked for. As these second bids were even high 1887, when they had a school of 400 pay pupils and er than thefirst, i t was decided to use hollow tile hundreds free: "They keep on a level with the age; throughout, to do the work by day labor instead of they are men of learning; they are men of science ; they contract, and pay the builder ten per cent, as his com are the Royal Society of Cuba." They continue to live mission. up to their reputation. The observatory's reports on The actual cost (including builders' 10 per cent.) storms and especially on cyclones govern the conduct of this building, also bids on its construction using of Cuba's shipping in hurricane season. The seismic wood or concrete, are as follows: Wood, $6,000; station at Luyano belongs to the observatory. The Concrete walls andfloors, $6,600 ; Hollow tile, $6,500. Belen arch spanning Calle del Sol is one of the pictur The exterior of the house isfinished i n stucco with esque bits of Plavana. pebbled surface a treatment which harmonizes exceed La Merced Church on the corner of Cuba and ingly well with its simple and massive outlines. Merced streets is one of the most fashionable of Hav The outside walls are 8"xi2" blocks 6" thick and ana churches. Among its possessions is a faded paint the partitions are of the same size blocks 3" thick. ing representing, with considerable inaccurracy in Floors and roof are of the combination type, 4"x6" re dates, names and drawing, what is considered to have inforced concrete beams with 12 hollow tile blocks be been thefirst miracle performed in the New World, on tween, all covered with a layer of cement in which a battlefield in Santo Domingo when Columbus and nailing strips for securing the wood top floor are em his men appealed to Our Lady of Mercies for help bedded. against the Indians and were rewarded with sight of Great ingenuity is used in thisfloor construction , the Virgin and the Child. for where a re-inforced beam bears upon the side walls, Cristo Church on the plaza of the same name at a hollow tile block is omitted from the wall, and the the head of Amargura street, has Catholic services in concrete of the beam is tamped in, tofill the space com English on Sunday mornings. Immediately in the pletely. This gives an excellent tie between the beams rear is the Agustinian College for boys, one of the best and walls and also increases the bearing area of the schools in the city, at the head of which is Father Mon- beams upon the walls materially. ahan, an American, who succeeded Father Jones, also A large section of floor was tested with a dead an American, not long ago made Bishop of Porto Rico. load of 150 lbs. per sq. ft. The results were extremely The Church of the Holy Angel, a minaretted edi gratifying, for the deflection was almost nothing and fice on Pena Pobre hill is a comparatively modern both floor and supporting walls were thereby loaded structure, but well worth visiting if for nothing more to about two and one half times what they would be than the views down the queer narrow streets that called upon to bear in service. lead to its doors. San Agustin Church is on the corner The stairs are built up of hollow tile blocks. Each of Cuba and Amargura. The view from the church tread composed of several blocks, held together by yard of the Jesus del Monte Church, located on the steel rods imbedded in concrete within the cavities of Jesus del Monte Calzada and reached by street cars the blocks. Treads of this form are readily made by passing Central Park is one of the most beautiful to be simply piling the blocks on end one above another, had anywhere. placing the rods through them and pouting the cavities There are many Protestant churches in ITavana. full of concrete. Lintels over the doors and windows The Episcopal Church is at Prado 107; the Baptist may be quickly and cheaply made in the same way. Temple is on the corner of Dragones and Zulueta ; the Windows and door frames are secured in place by Presbyterian Church is at Salud 40; the Methodist screwing 2" log screws into them and allowing the Church is at Virtudes 10; and the Congregational at screws to project into the blocks of the partitions or Someruelos 6. All hold morning services on Sunday walls. As the blocks are laid up, concrete or cement at 10 A. M. Strangers are welcomed. can befilled in to completely surround the log screw and thereby anchor it to the wall. Conduits for electric wires are imbedded in the ce The restless rebellion of resentment burns like fire ment floor covering, and carried in the vertical walls into the heart of co-operative results. through the cavities in the tiles. THE BUILDER 17 Necessary soil and vent pipes for the plumbing the wharves at the base of the two projecting towers. are brought up exposed through the butler's pantry, Power fur the factories within the building will be fur and some of the piping for the bathrooms is exposed nished by the Nisqually river, a few miles away. It upn the ceiling of the butler's pantry.This might have is expected that 10,000 horsepower will be needed to readily been employed, by substituting a single steel carry on the activities. An estimate places the num beam for several of the concrete beams and springing ber of yards of plastering needed in the building at aflat hollow tile arch between the beams. The 14 ft. 500,000, and 75,000,000 bricks will be employed in Cas span could have been easily carried by 8" beams spaced ing the steel framework, which will represent 40,000 about 8 centres and anchored in the walls in a manner tuns. It is asserted that 1,000 men will be employeu similar to that used for the concrete beams. In order for two years in completing this huge block. Twenty to provide ample wall support for the steel beams the thousand incandescent lights will be needed to light blocks in the walls or partitions below their points it. Three street-car lines will run through the build of support could be entirelyfilled with concrete, form ing, on the sixth, eleventh and fourteenthfloors, by ing a column to the foundations. means of arcaded thoroughfares." In the floors of this house no steel framework is necessary, and in addition to the beams, the only steel WHAT FORESTRY' HAS DONE required would be an occasional tie rod to hold the beams together, and strips of woven wire to be laid Many people in this country think that forestry between rows of blocks before grouting. had never been tried until the Government began to practice it upon the National Forests. Y'et forestry is practiced by every civilized country in the world ex A TOWN IN ONE BUILDING cept China and Turkey. It gets results which can be C. J. Donnelly, of Tacoma, Wash., is authority for got in no other way, and which are necessary to the the statement that the "largest building in the world" general welfare. is to be built in that city. What forestry has done abroad is the strongest "Tacoma, with only 100,000 inhabitants, is to have proof of what it can accomplish here. The remarkable the largest building in the world," said Mr. Donnelly. success of forest management in the civilized countries "It will stand twenty-four stories high, and will be of Europe and Asia is the most forcible argument a unique structure, for it will house more forms of ac which can be brought in support of wise forest use in tivity than any other building in existence. It is to be the United States. known as the Imperial. It will have a breadth of 200 The more advanced and progressive countries ar feet and a length of 415 feet, and will cover with its rive first and go farthest in forestry, as they do in other roof an area of forty-eight acres. The immense Grand things. Indeed, we might almost take forestry as a Central Station in New York city, with its twenty-two yardstick with which to measure the height of a civilization. On the one hand, the nations which fol acres offloor space, will be more than doubled by this Tacoma skyscraper. When completed it will be pos low forestry most widely and sytematically would be sible for the tenants to live perpetually within the Im found to be the most enlightened nations. On the perial Building without stepping outside for any of other hand, when we applied our yardstick to such countries as are without forestry, we could sav with their wants, and they need not leave the structure if a good deal of assurance, by this test alone, "Here is they wish outdoor_pleasures, for the roof will be used a backward nation." as a municipal park. The top floors of the structure The countries of Europe and Asia, taken together. will be used as a hotel. Next will come floors for the have passed through all the stages of forest history and department stores and all sorts of shops. Then, lower applied all the known principles of forestry. They are yet, will be wdiolesale establishments ; next, manufac rich in forest experience. The lessons of forestrv were tories, and on the lowest levels there will be storerooms brought home to them by hard knocks. Their forest and places for the handling of freight. systems were built up gradually as the result of hard Four transcontinental railways, it is planned, will ship. They did notfirst spi nfine theories and then ap enter the structure. The Northern Pacific, which for ply those theories by main force. On the contrary, many years made Tacoma its western terminal, will they begin by facing disagreeable facts. Every step enter the Imperial Building on the sixth floor. The of the way toward wise forest use, the world over, has Harriman lines and the Milwaukee will be assigned been made a tthe sharp spur of want, suffering, or loss. space, and it is expected the Northwestern, which is to As a result, the science of forestry is one of the most build to the coast will make the big block its passenger practical and most directly useful of all the sciences. terminal. , It is a serious work, undertaken as a measure of re "So many different industries will be housed in lief, and continued as a safeguard against future the building that the wholesaler will receive his goods calamity. from the East, or from rural districts, supply them to The United States, then, in attacking the problem the retailer, and thence to the customer. The build of how best to use its great forest resources, is not in ing, in this way, will be a metropolis within itself. the position of a pioneer in the field. It has the experi There will be thousands of rooms. Six million dol ence of all other countries to go upon. There is no need lars will be expended before the contractors turn the for years of experiment with untried theories. The for structure over to the company. Twenty passenger est principles which hundreds of years of actual prac and twelve freight elevators will be installed in the tice have proved right are at its command. The only building, in addition to four hydraulic cranes, which question is, How should these be modified or extended will raise to any height freight cars from the tracks to best meet American conditions? In the manage on the water front. Ships will unload their cargoes on ment of the National Forests the Government is not i8 THE BUILDER working in the dark. Nor is it slavishly copying Eur However, England has been depending upon foreign opean countries. It is putting into practice, in Amer supplies of wood. Now that all Europe is running be ica, and for Americans, principles tried and found cor hind every year in the production of wood (2,620,000 rect, which will insure to all the people alike the tons), and there are unmistakable signs that countries fullest and best use of all forest resources. which lead as exporters of wood will have to curtail Take the case of Germany. Starting with forests their wood exports, England is at last feeling her de which were in as bad shape as many of our own which pendence and is speculating uneasily as to where she have been recklessly cut over, it raised the average can certainly secure what wood she needs in the fu yield of wood per acre from 20 cubic feet in 1830 to ture. 65 cubic feet in 1904. During the same period of time Fourth, when the forest countries are compared it trebled the proportion of saw timber got from the as to wood imports and exports, and when it is realized average cut, which means, in other words, that through that a number of the countries which practice forestry the practice of forestry the timberlands of Germany are even now on the wood-importing list, the need of are of three times better quality to-day than when no forestry in the export countries is doubly enforced. system was used. And infifty-four year s it increased Russia, Sweden, Austria-Hung-ary, and Canada, the money returns from an average acre of forest for instance, are making good the wood deficit of a sevenfold. large part of the world. Sweden cuts much more In France forestry has decreased the danger from wood (106,000,000 cubic feet) than she produces; Rus floods, which threaten to destroy vast areas of fertile sia, in spite of her enormous forest resources, has prob farms, and in .doing so has added many millions of ably entered the same road; and England, the leading dollars to the National wealth in new forests. It has importer of wood, must count more and more on Can removed the danger from sand dunes and in their ada. But the United States consumes every year from place has created a property worth many millions of three to four times the wood which its forests produce, dollars. Applied to the State forests, which are small and in due time will doubtless take all the wood that in comparison with the National Forests of this coun Canada can spare. In other words, unless the coun try, it causes them to yield each year a net revenue of tries of the western hemisphere apply forestry promptly more than $4,700,000, though the sum spent on each and throughly, they will one day assuredly be held re acre for management is over 100 times greater than sponsible for a world-wide timber famine. that spent on the forests of the United States. Fifth, in comparison with freign countries the France and Germany together have a population prospects for forestry in the United States are particu of 100,000,000, in round numbers, against our probable larly bright, for the following reasons: 85,000,000 and State forests of 14,500,000 acres against (1) We start with the assurance that success can our 160,000,000 acres of National Forests; but France certainly be attained : and Germany spend on their frests $11,000,000 a year (2) We have few of the handicaps which have and get from them in net returns $30,000,000 a year, trammeled other countries. We have no ancient forest while the United States spent on the National Forests rights and usages with which to contend, or trouble last year $1,400,000 and secured a net return of less some property questions to settle. than $130,000. (3) The results which other lands have achieved In Switzerland, where every foot of agricultural by long struggle, often with bitter costs, are free to land is of the greatest value, forestry has made it us to use as we wish. We have, it is true, our purely possible for the people to farm all landfit fo r crops, and National and local forest questions, but the key to so has assisted the country to support a larger popu many of them is somewhere in the keeping- of the coun lation, and one that is more prosperous, than would be tries which have achieved forestry. the case if the valleys were subjected to destructive (4) In variety combined with value our forests floods. In a country as small as Switzerland, and one are without a parallel in the world. They produce tim which contains so many high and rugged mountains, ber adapted to the greatest variety of uses, so that, this is a service the benefits of which can not be meas except to meet shortage, importations of wood are un ured in dollars.' It is in Switzerland also, in the Sihl- necessary. Furthermore, transportation facilities en wald, that forestry demonstrates beyond contradiction able us to make every forest region available. Thus, how great a yield in wood and money it may bring by specializing our forest management, each kind of about if applied consistently for a number of years. forest may be made to yield the kind of material for The chief lessons which may be learned from the whioh it is best adapted and the wastes due to com foreign countries' experiments in forestry are sum pulsory use of local supplies may be practically elim marized as follows: inated. What forestry has done in other countries shows, first of all, that forestry pays, and that it pays best THE PASSING OF OLD VENICE where the most money is expended in applying it. The United States is enormously behindhand in its ex Many long years will pass before the histrical bells penditure for the management of the National Forests, that sang the glories and mourned the sorrows of the but nevertheless returns have already increased with Republic of Venice will be heard again echoing over increased expenditure for management. the lagoons ablaze with the red glow of the setting A second lesson, clearly brought home by foreign sun. The fallen Campanile of St. Mark will take at forestry, is the need of timely action, since forest waste least a quarter of a century to rebuild. can be repaired only at great cost. Meanwhile the great piaza the heart of Venice, Third, private initiative does not suffice by itself remains desolate without the tower that constituted its' to prevent wasteful forest use. England, it is true, characteristic feature. Not that the Campanile's ab- has so far consistently followed a let-alone policy. Contlnned on Page 36. A HOME IN LOS ANGELES, CAL. A HOME AND GATE LODGE AT ENGLEWOOD, N. J. DUNHAM WHEELER. Architect. New York. DO • a FLOOR PLANS OF HOME AT ENGLEWOOD, N. J. DUNHAM WHEELER. Arehitect. New York. A HOME AT CANTON, MASS. MAGINNIS, WALSH AND SULLIVAN, Architects, Boston. A HOME AT BRIARCLIFF MANOR, N. Y ROBERT W. GARDNER. Architect. New York. SECOND-FL002-PLAN- FIRST FLOOR PLAN FLOOR PLANS OF HOME AT CANTON, MASS. MAGINNIS. WALSH AND SULLIVAN. Architects, Boston. CHAMBE•ctR\ •• lO'x 13-3" CEM EAIT RO OF CHAMBER II ^ 13 3" ' FLOOR PLANS OF HOME AT BRIARCLIFF MANOR, N. Y. ROBERT W. GARDNER, Architect, New York. THE HOME OF HARRY PAYNE WHITNEY, NEW YORK CITY. McKIM, MEAD & WHITE, Architects. THE TITLE GUARANTEE & TRUST CO'S. BLDG., NEW YORK CITY. HOWELLS & STOKES, Architects. SPRING FEVER By Ralph H. Worsley. Say ! Spring's here, and all the birds Are liv'nin' up once more. The bees are gettin' busier than They ever was before. The medder grass, and trees, and flowers, Is hankerin' to grow. But I'm kinder all unsettled like. Because I'm fev'rin' so. Maybe you never felt it, but Regular every year When things begin a sproutin' I get to feelin' queer. And everything that's green and grows, Seems whisperin' to me low And offerin' me their sympathy When I'm a fev'rin' so. "The boy is jest a Nature child," Is what Aunt Mandy said, And that I ought to use my vim To help to earn my bread. But what's the good of earnin' bread Is what I want to know, For nothin' don't taste good to me When I'm a fev'rin' so. Bill's told me that the mushrooms was A gettin' awful thick, And that the trout was raisin' fine On little Wilier Crick. But Saturday we're goin' to plow And up and down the row I'll have to drive the old grey mare When I'm a fev'rin' so. "A man's best friend is in his book," Most every youngster's told. And that you ought to find it out Before you get too old. I looked all through the spellin' book And kinder doubt it, though, For all outdoors is my best friend When I'm a fev'rin' so. 36 THE BUILDER Continued from Page 18. - wooden houses of the twelfth century. Still another hotel, large and several stories high, as the "industna sence is felt by the new crowds of sightseers who visit del forastiero," or foreigners' trade, is highly remun Venice to-day, judging by the photographs specially taken to meet the demand of the hurried tourists and erative in Venice, is to be built instead of the beautiful cloister of San Gregorio, which evidently is doomed to from which every trace of the tower as well as the few stones left standing at its base has been carefully ob disappear. All these new buildings and hotels are built very literated. quietly, almost on the sly. One stone is placed on the "But this is not the Square of St. Mark as I have always seen it," some lover and old visitor of Venice other until a wall is raised; then the ancient or histori cal house behind it is removed; the wall rises higher may object. and higher until some day the new takes the place of "No, it is not, sir," answers the photographer. "It the old. A protest in one of the newspapers, a letter to represents the square as it is. We sell no others." the Fine Arts Department, perhaps a few words of The intending purchaser turns around, and look regret by a member of Parliament, and there the matter ing at he square, sees the site where the old Campanile ends. once stood and where the new one is to rise. The spot The cloister, or the low wooden house of 1172 is is surrounded by high scaffolding, and he may even not rebuilt, as they say the Campanile will be, because hear the sound of the builders at work. Besides, his the old does not take the place of the new. Italy is guide will hasten to assure him that the government progressive and duly improving, and the disappearance is determined to rebuild,the tower, and so the tourist, of an old stone makes her look still more modern. ignoring or forgetting how things are done in Italy Besides, it is a well-known fact that "Le antichita and how many towers, churches and historical build son per i forastieri" antiquities are for the foreigners, ings destroyed byfire, floods, earthquakes or the hand and there are so many of them, especially in Venice, of man are waiting to be rebuilt, puts off buying the that, the removal of a few will not be missed, the photograph until his next visit to the queen of the more so as the new buildings that supplant the old are Adriatic, when, he is convinced, the Square of St. purposely dark in color and modern architects strive Mark will again have its tower. to reproduce ancient architecture and to imitate marble The loss of the Campanile is not irreparable; time by means of stucco, thus giving the buildings a decep demolished it, but man will rebuild it. Italians say tive appearance of age. with conviction, and there is nothing to do but to wait But the genuine specimens of the ancient Byzan and hope that they are right. But the very men who tine architecture, known as "Liago," which formerly appear determined to repair the injuries of time are, were to be seen in many side streets, and which illus unconsciously perhaps, causing a great deal of damage trated the earlest style of Venetian building, have al to Venice, as they are bent on improving by means of most all disappeared, and their doors, windows, iron new buildings a city that is regarded throughout the work, painted beams and pavements have enriched entire world as unique and perfect. dealers of antiques. There is a project about a bridge that is to join Another type of houses, those with jutting- roofs the lagoons with the mainland so as to enable carriages supported on barbicans, having only one story and a to drive to Venice, and there are plans for new tene shop on the groundfloor, house s similar to the one that ment houses and hotels. A brand-new pescheria, or Shylock is supposed to have inhabited, is also becom fish market, has been built close to the Ponte di Ri- ing very rare. There are still a few left, at Santa Gi- alto and a huge palace—it is called a palace because ustina, St. Stae and San Filippo e Giacomo, but hidden all the houses on the Grand canal are palaces, but this by new constructions and oft-repeated repairs and al latest addition resembles more a barrack than a pala terations, and scarcely to be recognized. tial residence—now rises close to the Church della A short distance from Venice is the island of Tor- Salute and hides its view from several points on the cello, one of the sights tourists are expected to see. canal. Once it was aflourishing cit y rich in villas and church On Easter Day, 1172, the Doge Vitale Michiel II es; to-day it is only a ruin. There is still the Public was murdered, and" the assassins, after committing the Palace, the Church of Santa Maria, built in 1008, and crime, found refuge in the houses and narrow alleys on the temple of Santa Fosca, dating back to the ninth the Riva degli Schiavoni, close to the prisons. Some century, but all are in ruins, their walls cracked, their time passeefbefore they could be found and arrested, arches broken and their frescoes covered under white and the government of the republic, suspecting that wash. When the tide is high the whole island is under the houses that harbored them belonged to accom water. Nothing has been clone to avert the entire plices, ordered their demolition and decreed that in fu collapse and disappearance of these monuments. ture only wooden houses could be built on the spot Funds are lacking, and as Torcella is under the and that the new buildings should not exceed a cer jurisdiction of the municipality of Burano, the proceeds tain height. The crime is now frgotten, but the houses of the entrance fees charged to visit the Palace of the built in the place of those demolished in 1172 are still Doges, the only money that is ever applied toward the mostly of wood and so low and modest that the great restoration and reparation of national monuments, can mass of the ducal palace and prison towers monument not be employed to save the island from ruin. Some ally above them unmarred by comparisons and unof- day in the near future a wall will slowly rise around fended by nearby contrasts. the island until every vestige of church and palace is But a project, has been presented and favorably hidden ; then when the wall is roofed over a sign will received by the municipality to build a hotel larger be put up "Hotel Torcello" written in large letters; than the neighboring Danieli, and reproducing the windows, balconies and doors will be opened and grad architecture of the ducal palace in place of the old ually the island will become a hotel. THE BUILDER 37 The tower of St. Mark is to be rebuilt, we are told, preparation be made to take the place of the high- and perhaps it will be, but the old churches, palaces, grade longleaf pine for many purposes. Black and cloisters and houses that have made place for new tupelo gums and other little-used woods have a new buildings are lost forever, and in the near future one and increasing importance because of the possibility of will have to be satisfied to see Venice in the paintings preserving them from decay at small cost. In the of Bellini and Carpaccio, that is, unless, these, too, are Northeastern and Lake States are tamarack, hemlock, doomed to disappear. beech, birch, and maple, and the red and black oaks, all of which by proper treatment may help to replace the fast-diminishing white oak and cedar. In the States DECAY IN WOOD PREVENTED of the Mississippi Valley the pressing fence-post prob It is estimated that a fence post, which under or lem may be greatly relieved by treating such species as dinary circumstances will last for perhaps two years, cottonwood, willow, and hackberry. will, if given preservative treatment costing about TO cents, last eighteen years. The service of other tim THE ORIGIN OF THE GARGOYLE bers, such as railroad ties, telephone poles, and mine props, can be doubled and often trebled by inexpensive One of the earliest of the more elaborate attemps preservative treatment. To-day, when the cost of to transform roof spouts seems to have been at the Ca wood is a big- item to every farmer, every stockman, thedral of Rouen, wdiere thefigure o f a great dragon every railroad manager—to everyone, in fact, who was adopted for one of them, though whether it was must use timber where it is likely to decay—this is a intended as an object of terror to the hobgoblin frater fact which should be carefully considered. nity of the seventh century or a symbol of the Church's It is easy to see that if the length of time timbers triumph over a public foe can only be conjectured. can be used is doubled, only half as much money will This fearsome wild fowl terrorized both banks of need to be spent in the purchase of timber. Moreover, the Seine and terribly ravaged the city of Rouen until many woods which were for a long time considered al he was gallantly slain by St. Rominus, Bishop of the most worthless can be treated and made to last as long Cathedral there. Probably in sheer jubilation of as the scarcer and more expensive kinds. spirits and in compliment to the valorous Bishop the Of the actual saving in dollars and cents through carcass of the mischievous beast was embodied in preservative treatment, a fence post such as was men stone and set up aloft as a warning to all depredators tioned at the beginning might serve as one example. and any evil spirits by which they might be actuated, The post is of loblolly pine, and costs, untreated, about says the "London Globe." The name given to this un 8 cents, or, including the cost of setting, 14 cents. It lucky animal is said to have been gargouille, and hence lasts about two years. Compounding interest at 5 per the name given to his effigy, according- to some author cent, the annual charge of such a post is 7.53 cents; ities. that is, it costs 7.53 cents a year to keep the post in ser Others, however, derived the appellation from gar- vice. Preservative treatment costing 10 cents will in goille the weazand of the throat, or from gargale a dis crease its length of life to about eighteen years. In ease to which swine are liable, and which causes a this case the total cost of the post, set, is 24 cents, gurgling sound in the throat, like that which water which compouned at 5 per cent, gives an annual charge makes in passing through a pipe. We are at liberty to of 2.04 cents. Thus the saving due to treatment is 5.49 choose a derivation, since nobody can speak with au cents a year. Assuming that there are 200 posts per thority. mile, there is a saving each year for every mile of fence If gargouille really was the name given to some of a sum equivalent to the interest on $219.60. more or less fabulous beast whose carcass was imi In the same way preservative treatment will in tated by some fanciful sculptor in the making of an or crease the length of life of a loblolly pine railroad tie namental spout, then the probability is that Ave have from five years to twelve years and will reduce the an here the origin not only of "gargoyle" but of the nual charge from 11.52 cents to 9.48 cents, which French word for the weazand, as well as of the English amounts to a saving of $58.75 per mile. words "guggle" and "gargle." It is estimated that 150,000 acres are required each One ugly creature having been adopted for a stone year to grow timber for the anthracite coal mines effigy on so famous a church as that at Rouen in the alone. The average life of an untreated mine prop is seventh century, may easily be conceived to have set not more than three years. By proper preservative the fashion for other churches, and the superfluous treatment it can be prolonged by many times this fig hideousness of so many of these objects certainly sup ure. Telephone and telegraph poles, which in ten or ports the notion that in part their sculptors were actu twelve years, or even less, decay so badly at the ground ated by the idea of frightening the uncanny folk from line that they have to be removed, can, by a simple the sacred edifices and the worshippers. treatment of' their butts, be made to last twenty or Thus on many of thefinest churche s in Christen twenty-five years. Sap shingles, which are almost dom we find not only almost every kind of bird and valueless in their natural state, can easily be treated beast real and legendary, but everything uncanny and and made to outlast even painted shingles of the most diabolical, in human form. It must be allowed that decay-resistant woods. Thousands of dollars are lost it showed an exceptional originality and an uncommon every year by the so-called "bluing" of freshly sawed power of good nature in the nineteenth cetury sculptor sapwood lumber. This can be prevented by proper who, in the course of the restoration of Chester Cathe treatment, and at a cost so small as to put it within dral about the time of the disestablishment of the the reach of the smallest operator. Irish Church, capped this long series of ecclesiastical In the South the cheap and abundant loblolly pine, embellishment with a caricature headpiece of Mr. Glad one of the easiest of all woods to treat, can by proper stone. 38 THEBUILDER OUR ILLUSTRATIONS beingfinished with a coat of cement. The floors are of hollow tile with re-inforced concrete beams, or The home of Mr. Harry Payne Whitney in New joists, alternating with the courses of tile. The roof York was designed by the well known architectural r is of ordinary wood joist construction, shingled, and is firm of McKim, Mead and White of New Y ork City the only part of the building which is of combustible and is built entirely of Hardwick White Granite, from construction. the Woodbury Granite Cmpany's quarries at Bethel, The house stands in the midst of large grounds, Vt. The architecture of this house is most attractive surrounded by an artistic wall of hollow tile, covered and the execution of the work was of such a character with cement. 'At the main entrance to the grounds that it is considered one of thefinest home s in New is the gate lodge, which is similar in construction to York. the house itself. The Title Guarantee and Trust Company's build The house at Canton, Mass., was designed by Ma- ing in New Yrork is one of the most expensive build ginnis, Walsh and Sullivan, Architects of Boston and ings ever built in that city in proportion to the small is of particularly attractive appearance. It contains frontage that it occupies. The architects of this build eight rooms and an enclosed porch over which is a very ing were Howells and Stokes, prominent architects of pretty balcony opening from the nursery on the second the metropolis. This building is also done in the floor. Woodbury Granite Company's Hardwick White Gran The walls of the house are of terra cotta hollow ite and is one of the best examples of the use of carved tile and thefloors and roof are of wood. Cement was granite in the country. The granite in this building is used as an exterior finish. The owner states that the 8-cut and is ver} elaborately carved cost of this house with the tile and concrete walls was about the same as though wood had been used and The new Mahoning County Court House at painted. Youngstown, Ohio was designed by Messrs. Owsley, Boucherle and Company of Y^oungstown. The build The house at Briarcliff Manor, N. Y. is an excep ing is to be built of Woodbury Gray Granite in a tionally good type of the thoroughlyfireproof house of classic type of architecture, the prevailing feature be moderate size and cost. This house contains n ing the large Ionic columns over the main entrance. rooms, 2 of which are in the attic. The building is When completed this court house will be the equal 25 feet wide by 36 feet long. of any in the country, the granite alone costing $250,- The walls are of terra cotta hollow tile and the 000.00. roof and floors are of re-inforced hollow tile construc Special credit for the fine quality of the materials tion and similar to the other hollow tile houses shown used in this building should be accorded to Commis in this issue. Architect Robt. W. Gardner of New sioner James A. Cooper of Youngstown, who has de York was the designer of this house. voted a large amount of time to traveling and personal ly investigating in order to determine what was the best of the various materials of which the Court House HE MADE THE "MOON SHINE" is being constructed. A moonshiner was caught red-handed by the rev enue officers in Kentucky and thrown into jail. He The home in Los Angeles was designed by a local decided that he needed a lawyer, and immediately sent architect for his own use and is of a particularly dur for one. able construction. The walls are of hollow tile set in The lawyer listened to the facts, and then said: double thickness. The floors and roof are of re-in- "You don't need a lawyer. It will simply be a waste forced concrete girders supported on the exterior walls and the partitions. The partitions were made of of money to pay an attorney, as they have got the 4-inch terra cotta hollow tile. The spans of the floors goods on you, and the best thing you can do is to plead and roof from girder to girder ranged from 16 to 20 guilty and throw yourself on the mercy of the court. feet. When court convened, the moonshiner was ready The lintels in this building are of re-inforced con for trial. crete and the roof is flat and finished with eaves of "Joshua Henderson!" called the bailiff. mission tiles. These eaves are carried on a wooden Henderson stepped to the bar. The Judge leaned frame supported by and tied to the cornice brackets. from the bench, and said : "So you're Joshua, are you. No steel was used in the construction of this build "Yes, sir." ing except as a re-inforcing tension material. The ex "Are you the man that made the sun stand still?" terior walls are coated with cement andfine grave l and "Oh, no, sir. I'm the man that made the moon treated with acid, which removes part of the cement shine."—The Caterer. and leaves the gravel visible, making- a very attractive finish. This house contains 16 rooms. _ 'Modern society and civilization are morally su perior to the opposite conditions only in proportion t The home and lodge at Englewood, N. J. were the happiness they create. both designed by Architect Dunham Wheeler of New York city. The house contains 10 rooms besides baths The law of love is the only everlasting force in the and laundry and its dimensions at the maximum points field of labor. of width and length are 60 and 115 feet. The walls are of terra cotta hollow tile with win When a man makes a fool of himself, his fellows dow and door lintels of re-inforced concrete, the walls have a legal right to enjoy a laugh at his expense. THE BUILDER 39 BOOK REVIEW divided into four parts, of which three go to the THE HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH, By Sarah echinus and one to thefillet; the third and last part is divided into two parts, one of which is the breadth PL Killikelly. This book is as its name implies a com of the astragal under it, which consists of a semi-circle plete history of the city from the time that the French and afillet under it. The astragal again is divided into and English struggled for the supremacy of power at three parts, of which two are given to the semi-circle this stragetic point—the headwaters of the Ohio— and one to thefillet. The projective of the capital to through its many stirring periods up to the year 1900. be one-eighth part of the diameter "of the body of the Miss Killikelly has spared neither pains nor ex column below. The astragal projected from a square. pense in collecting trustworthy data in her endeavor to According to Scammozzi,' the height of the capital make an accurate and trustworthy history. Her from the astragal at the bottom must also be one-half equipment for such an undertaking is unquestionable. the diameter of the column below. And this height Throughout a period of tvyelve years she wrote histor being divided into sixty parts, twenty of them are to go ical lectures on foreign countries for ladies' classes to the abacus or plinth, as he calls it,fifteen t o the in Pitsburgh and vicinity. Her lectures on the Victor echinus, which Vitruvius calls the boulter,five t o the ian Era, written during the Golden Jubilee of Queen roundel or bead moulding, which is a semi-circle, three Yrictoria were read before the London "Society of Sci to the listella, which Vitruvius names afillet, an d ence, Letters and Art" that year and for the merit seventeen to the neck or frieze. Again, seven'such of these papers the society awarded her the Gold parts must go to the ovolo of the astragal and three Crown prize and made her a Fellow. To The History to its listella. According to Palladio, the height of of Pittsburgh therefore she has brought years of experi the capital is half the diameter of the body of the ence and special ability of no small measure. All this column below, viz., at the astragal, which none of them is well known to her hosts of friends in Pittsburgh and call a part of the capital, though in propriety it ought Western Pennsylvania generally, and the book will be to be so designated; and this height is divided into of itself an attest to this assertion to the reading public three equal parts, the uppermost of which goes to the at large.—B. C. and Gordon Montgomery Company, abacus, which he calls the dado or dye : the next part Publishers, Pittsburgh. goes to the ovolo or echinus ; the rest is divided into seven, of which one is for the listella under the ovolo, and the other six parts go to the collarino or neck ; he CLASSIC CAPITALS also called it the hypotrachelium or frieze of the capital. Capitals to columns are of early invention, and The height of the Doric capital from the astragal are as useful as they are ornamental. They embellish at the bottom is said by Vitruvius to be equal to half the upper part of the column and prevent its angles the diameter of the body of the column below. And this from being fractured or from damaging the architrave height being divided into three parts, the first and says a contemporary writer on this subject. In the lowermost goes to the neck, the next part goes to the earliest times columns were used without capitals, and echinus, by which term he here comprehends several a short time afterwards with only an abacus, as in members. He describes this part in two forms, one some Egyptian specimens, particularly in the ruins- of which is an echinus and threefillets unde r it; the of Thebes. This afterwards was improved to a sort other an ovolo and an astragal under it, and this por of bell-formed capital, at first plain and afterwards tion was divided into three parts, two of which go to sculptured with hieroglyphic figures, foliage, and so the echinus, and the other to the three forth. The fruit or flowers of the lotus probably gave fillets or to the astragal, and thefillets ar e all of an rise to the bell-formed capital, which was afterwards equal size. In the astragal thefillet is one-third of formed with palm leaves, as in some examples found the whole ; the third and uppermost part of the capital at Esne. In some temples at Amara and in the island is again divided into three, the two lowermost of of Philae the capitals are formed of the head of Isis. which go to the square and the other to the cimatium, The capitals used in Persian architecture are of which is an ogee with the hollow downwards and a three kinds, one of which is nearly half the height of fillet over it. An ogee or cima recta is a moulding the shaft of the column and resembles a plume of somewhat resembling an S, which Vitruvius makes of feathers which falls down all round, in the middle of two quarter circles joined together, and this cimatium which rises another plume, and from thence an un being also divided into three parts, two of them go known ornament. The others are composed of the to the ogee and one to thefillet; th e astragal under anterior moieties of the fabulous unicorn, in the man the capital is equal to half the neck. ner of the heads of Janus of the Romans. Capitals of _ Scammozzi makes the capital of the same height, this kind are found in the royal tombs of Persepolis, near which he divides into sixty parts, of which three go the palace. The capitals of the temple or pagoda in to thefillet o f the cimatium,five t o the ogee of the cim the island of Elephanta are like broad and flat cush atium, twelve to the square, fourteen to the boulter, ions, somewhat compressed, consisting of a double five to the rondel, two to thefillet o f the astragal under echinus, one turned to the other and separated by a the boulter and nineteen to the neck. The astragal fillet. contains ten such parts, of which six and a half go&to In the architecture of the Greeks and Romans, the the rondel and three and a half to the fillet. usual divisions of the capitals are as follows : Accord Palladio also makes the capital of the same height ing to Vitruvius, the height of the Tuscan capital with Vitruvius, which he divides into three parts, the from the astragal at the bottom must be half the diam uppermost of which he subdivides into five parts, two eter of the body of the column below. And the height of which go to the cimatium. and is again subdivided being divided into three parts, the first and upper into three parts, one of which goes to the listella or most part goes to the abacus, the second- part goes annulet and the other two to the cima recta. The to the echinus andfillet under it, and this part is sub other three of the first subdivisions of this part go THE BUILDER 4o to the abacus ; the second of the three granALDENd division AND HARLOWs TAKE NEW of the capital is subdivided into three parts, two of PARTNERS which go to the ovolo or echinus and the other to the annulets under it, which are three and are equal; the Messrs. Alden and Harlow, the well known local third principal part goes to the hypotrachehurn or architects, Farmers Bank Building, announce that frieze. The astragal under the neck is as high as Messrs. Richard Hooker and Howard K. Jones became all the annulets. members of thefirm datin g from March 31 1908. The In every Grecian Doric order the abacus of the members of thefirm ar e now Messrs. Frank E. Alden, capital is always plain, being a solid parallelopipedon, Alfred B. Harlow, Richard Hooker and Howard K. of which its two horizontal sides are equal squares Jones. The firm name will not be changed. and its vertical or perpendicular sides are equal rec- Both of the new members of the firm have been tano-les • the inward recesses of the annulets in the with Messrs. Alden and Harlow for a number of years, capital 'are in the same curve line as the ovolo above and possess ample ability for the new duties that they them (the Doric portico at Athens excepted), and then- are about to take up. outward extremities are equal to their inward recesses. The Ionic capital is formed thus by the Vitruvian rule- Divide the semi-diameter of the body of the AT A NEW LOCATION column below into eighteen parts ; take nineteen parts, Architect Jacob Schwartz who has for some time of which three must go for the cimatium, one to the been located in the Heeren Building, has moved to fillet and two to the cima or ogee under it. 1 hen take new quarters in the Fitzsimmons Building on 4th four parts for the trochilus of the volute or scroll (the Avenue. trochilus is that member from whence the scroll he lms then take four parts for the boulter, which is Where is the line drawn between what some men one-fourth of a circle, and is to be carved with eggs call a good fellow and all men know to be a weak and anchors. Then take two parts for the astragal tinder the boulter. The astragal is carved with beads, fool ? and has afillet on each side of it, each IN EACH TOWN one-fourth of the whole. The six re and district to WANTED-A.___. RIDE. R AGENT_ _ !rid e and exhibit a maining parts must go to the half of sample Latest Model "Ranger" bicycle furnished by us. Our agents everywhere are making money fast. Write for fztllParticulars andspecial offer at once. the volute below; then take eight more NO MONEY REQUIRED until you receive and approve of your bicycle. We ship such parts, which must go to make the to anyone, anywhere in the U. S. -without a cent deposit in advance, prepay freight, and allow TEN DAYS' FREE TRIAL during which time you may ride the bicycle and remainder of the frieze or neck of the put it to any test you wish. If you are then not perfectly satisfied or do not wish to keep the bicycle ship it back to us at our expense and yon. -will not be out one cent. capital, and three more such parts tor FAfTADV PDIPP^ ^e ^urnisn the highest grade bicycles it is possible to make rHwlUltl rlllvL.0 at one small profit above actual factory cost. You save $10 the astragal, under the neck on which to $2$ middlemen's profits by buying direct cf us and have the manufacturer's guar one part goes to the fillet. _ antee behtpd your bicycle. DO NOT BUY a bicycle or a pair of tires from anyone at any price until you receive our catalogues and learn our unheard of factory According to Vitruvius, the height prices and re7narkable special offers to rider agents. VAH Ulll I DC ACTAfllOUCn when you receive our beautiful catalogue and of the Corinthian capital from the as- TUU WILL DL HOllillOntU study our superb models at the -wonderfully trao-al at the bottom is equal to the low Prices we can make you this year. We sell the highest grade bicycles for less money , than any other factory. We are satisfied with $1.00 profit above lactory cost. diameter of the body of the column be BICYCLE DEALERS, you can sell our bicycles under your own name plate at our prices. Orders filled the day received, low, one-seventh part of which goes to SECOND HAND BICYCLES., We do not regularly handle second hand bicycles, but the abacus, which consists of an ovolo, ftfkAOTCDusuall DDAIffy havQe asingl numbee rwheels on hand, takeimporten in tradd erolle by ourr chainChicagso retaiand l stores. These we clear out vvAd ILpromptl If'DltltltCOy at pricef equipments ranging ofrof alml 3Bkind3 tso aS>t half8 or theSBIO usual. Descriptiv retail prices.e bargai n lists mailed free. afillet an d a cavetto. The abacus be % single wheels, imported roller chains and pedals,, parts, repairs and ing subdivided into three parts, one o LS HEDGETHORN PUNCTURE-PROOF * them goes to the ovolo, and a third part of the next goes to thefillet an d SAMPLE PA,R TheSELF-HEALIN regular retail Price of theseG tiresTIRES is " the rest to the cavetto. The height of $8.50 Per pair, but to introduce we will the astragal below the capital is one- sellyouasamplepairfor$4.80Kcashwithorder$4.5S).8 twelfth part of the diameter of the NO MORE TROUBLE FROM PUNCTURES body of the column below, and is di NAILS, Tacks or Glass will not let the air out. Sixty thousand pairs sold last year. vided into three parts, whereof the fil Over two hundred thousand pairs now in use. let contains one part and the boulter DESCRIPTION: Made in all sizes. It is lively two. Scammozzi makes this capital and easy riding, very durable and lined inside with a special quality of rubber, which never becomes j Notice the thick rubber tread one'diameter and one-sixth of the col porous and which closes up small punctures without allow V' and puncture strips '-it** umn high, which divided into seventy- ing the air to escape. We have hundreds of letters from satis- and "D," also rim strip " U" five parts, four of them to go to the fiedcustomers stating that their tires haveonly been pumped ' to prevent rim cutting. This up once or twice in a whole season. They weigh no more than tire will outlast any other boulter, one to thefillet, nin e to the an ordinary tire, the puncture resisting qualities being given . make—SOFT, ELASTIC and plinth and the rest to the neck. Pal by several layers of thin, specially prepared fabric on the EASY RIDING. ladio also makes the height of the cap tread. The regular price of these tires is$8.50 per pair,but for advertising purposes we are making a special factory price to ital equal to the whole diameter of the the rider of only $4.80 per pair. All orders shipped same day letter is received. We ship C. O. D. on body of the column below and one- approval. You do not pay a cent until you have examined and found them strictly as represented. We will allow a cash discount of 5 per cent (thereby making the price 884.55 per pair) if you sixth part more, which is allowed for send FULL CASH WITH ORDER and enclose this advertisement. We will also send one the abacus, by which probably he nickel plated brass hand pump. Tires to be returned at OUR expense if for auy reason they are meant all the mouldings above the not satisfactory on examination. We are perfectly reliable and money sent to us is as safe as in a bank. If you order a pair of these tires, you will find that they will ride easier, run faster, acanthus leaves. wear better, last longer and look finer than any tire you have ever used or seen at any price. We Vitruvius divides the Roman or know that you will be so well pleased that when you want a bicycle you will give us your order. Composite capital like the Corinthian, We want you to send us a trial order at once, hence this remarkable tire offer. mp ViTlff JUfFfl TiDrC don't buy any kind at any price until you send for a pair of and so does Scammozzi and Palladio, Mr ¥ C/lr flC£l# m l/lCO Hedgethorn Puncture-Proof tires on approval and trial at only the carving of it is somewhat dif the special introductory price quoted above; or write for our big Tire and Sundry Catalogue which describes and quotes all makes and kinds of tires at about half the usual prices. ferent. nn Jlf/ftT WAIT but write us a postal today DO NOT THINK OF BUYING a bicycle V%M fVCr # wr/lf f or a pair of tires from anyone until you know the new and wonderful offers we are making. It only costs a postal -to learn everything. Write it NOW. J. L. MEAD CYCLE COMPANY, CHICAGO, ILL. THE BUILDER 4i SPRINGER & PATTERSON ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS EUROPEAN PLAN All Kinds of Electrical Construction. 218 FERGUSON BUILDING Tels. f C. D. & P. 2136 Court I P. & A. 1281 Main PITTSBURGH, PA. Bell 1774 Grant, P. & A. 1774 Main. The Carter Electric Co. ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS GOLF^'a GARAGE Electrical Construction Work of all Descriptions ON THE: BOARD WALK LEWIS BUILDING PITTSBURGH, PA. 75 TI P TO NEW YORK CITY TRAVELERS JTbe IHertrritage Why pay $2.00 for a stuffy A Club Hotel for Men room in a second-class hotel, or $i Ihe name tells the story for a cheerless apartment in a first- class hotel Seventh Avenue and Forty-second Street. INCH ICAGO Junction of Broadway when you can secure comfort Restaurant on the street able lodging, supplemented by a Turkish Bath, a scientific rub, a floor ,—a restaurant where shower and a plunge in the ladies are welcome. finest swimming pool in America Every other part of the for house exclusively for men. ONE DOLLAR Telephones in every room. Moral: When in Chicago stop at Respectful, quiet, obedient 5l?e \ie\u florthern Baths and J-tot^l and alert Japanese servants. Bedroom and bath $2.00 a |, Sylvester J. Simon, Fres. day upward. 14 QUINCY ST., NEAR STATE Send for Booklet. In the Very Heart of the City. T. F. PADDELL, Proprietor 42 THE BUILDER "Nothing' Finer tbe World Over." HOTEL PONCHARTRAIN Are You Going to St. Louis? Cadillac Sq., Cor. 'Woodward Ave. DETROIT, MICH. The ABSOLUTELY FIREPROOF Combines more up-to-date features than any other hotel in the country. Appeals particularly to tourists and travelers. WINDERMERE HOTEL Is a delightful place in BEST RESIDENT SECTION and away from the noise and smoke, yet within easy access. Transient Rate, $1.00 to $3.00 Per Day. Special Rates by the Week. Write for Booklet. Conducted on European Plan. Unsurpassed Cuisine—Excellent Service. Address Rates: $2.00 Per Day and Upwards. PONTCHARTRAIN HOTEL CO., Props. W. F. WILLIAMSON, Mgr. Geo. H. Woolley, W. J. Chittenden, Jr., Managers. WHEN IN WHEN IN DETROIT BALTIMORE STOP AT STOP AT THE HOTEL TULLER New and Absolutely Fireproof 130 Rooms CORNER ADAMS AVE. and PARK ST. Elegantly In the Center of the Furnished Theatre, Shopping HOTEL and Business Dis trict. Unexcelled A la Carte Cafe JOYCE Cuisine Newest and Finest EUROPEAN Grill Room in Rooms With Bath rt '•'& "la the City. V and en Suite Club Breakfast 40c * at*. Hi" ••i$* sit sfHf up. Centrally Located |il rm i ft Luncheon 50c. Opposite Camden Station ip» j Table de Hote Din- Main Depot B. & O. R. R. f ners 75c. Music from 6 P. M. Rates $1.00 Per Day and Upwards to 12 P. M. Send for Booklet Every Room Has Private Bath EUROPEAN PLAN HOTEL JOYCE, Rates: $J.50 per Day and Up BALTIMORE, MD. L. W. TULLER, Prop. M. A. SHAW, Mgr. THE BUILDER In the construction of a building, the relation of rhe architect and engineer to the building, are very similar to the relation of the physician to his patient. The designing and construction of the fireproofing is only one of the elements of the building which the general practi tioner must treat. It is so important an element, however, and so vitally con cerns the welfare of. the building that it might be worth while to call in a specialist- "We are specialists in fireproof con struction, and this is the largest organ ization in the world devoted exclusively to this work. The services of our engineering and designing departments, our long and constantly broadening experience, and all our vast fund of data, are at the service of the profession for the dis cussion of specific cases. Ask us to discuss with YOU the fireproofing of YOUR prospective build ing and "put it up to us" to prove our claim that we can give you the best construction at a reasonable and acceptable cost. Let us help you while you are planning. Don't wait until after your work is done. Write us or call at any of our offices. National Fire Proofing Company MANUFACTURERS OF TERRA COTTA HOLLOW TILE CONTRACTORS FOR FIRE PROOF CONSTRUCTION CHICAGO PITTSBURG NEW YORK Hartford Building Fulton Building Flatiron Building PHILADELPHIA BOSTON MINNEAPOLIS Land Title Building Old South Building Lumber Exchange Building ST. LOUIS WASHINGTON LOS ANGELES Victoria Building Colorado Building Union Trust Building CINCINNATI, Union Trust Building LONDON, ENG., 17 Chancery Lane 44 THE BUILDER 1 $200 F>RI^B | *] For the Best Reason "Why Real Estate jj| | IS A GOOD INVESTMENT. | £2 In order to advertise Absecon, Atlantic City's nearest suburb, The Sea- yf 2j shore Land & Improvement Co., of Atlantic City, are offering to our readers tjf Jj prizes amounting to $1,750 for the best reason why the real estate they offer |£f 4rt for sale should prove to be a good investment. IX M Within ten years land in the heart of Atlantic City has risen 800 per (jf M cent.; and Atlantic City is yet in its infancy. Unlike some shore resorts, as t£ jfj Newport which was made by millionaires, Atlantic City has made comfort- IX M able fortunes for almost everybody who has invested in her real estate. The IX Xj next ten years in the judgment of those who know best is bound to see as great \X Jf) a rise in the city's suburban property. gf Jfl Situated 75 feet above the ocean, the Atlantic City Heights tract, in the flj Jti prosperous and beautiful city of Absecon, with its macadamized streets, electric \X Vi lights, good sewerage and pure water, churches and schools, affords the only t* X] natural outlet for the growth of Atlantic City, and promises an opportunity W X\ to investors not unlike that which made the wealth of the early owners of t* *5 property on the island. J3 *$ The Seashore Land & Improvement Co. who are selling this property, are W offering lots 30x90 feet to investors and home builders at prices that will seem J* insignificant three years hence. Since this is all the unoccupied land there g» is within miles, such an opportunity to secure a home site suburban to the g» world's greatest ocean sanitarium will not occur again. i^m It should be remembered that this is within easy reach of the Board- gj walk, eight minutes' ride by rail and frequent trolley car service and in sight j* of Atlantic City which is only 3^-4 miles distant. j£ The Seashore Land & Improvement Co. have determined that an open iy competition be declared in which the public is invited to compete. A $200 7y lot will be given to the man or woman over 21 years of age, who will suggest up the best reason why these lots should prove to be a good, safe investment. jy For the next best 20 reasons each of the 20 people will each receive a $75 lot. fy The only conditions are: Not over one reason should be sent in by those UJ competing. Write on one side of the paper. Each person competing is re- U)Q quested to try and secure an agent for the sale of the company's property and [jg on receipt of 10 cents postage to partially cover expense of literature, Agents' \X Instruction Book will be sent together with handsomely illustrated book in fjjg four colors, showing photographic views of the property and map of the city X of Absecon. Each person competing will please send a self addressed stamped X i envelope. ap The contest will remain open for one month. The prizes will be awarded \X. in about 30 days, and the names of the winners will be sent to all those who IX have sent an addressed stamped envelope. Address all communications to # * Seashore Land ®. Improvement Co., 1Jfj 915 BOARDWALK, ATLANTIC CITY, N. J. X THE BUILDER 45 ESTABLISHED 1876 INCORPORATED 1696 P. RIESECii, Star Encaustic Tile Company MANUFACTURERS OF Structural Iron Work, UCLAZED ENCAUSTIC FLOORING- TILE FIRE ESCAPES, Joint Hangers, Pavement Lights, Fire Proof Shutters, FOR DURABLE, SANITARY AND Iron Stairways, Wall Ties. ARTISTIC TILE WORK MEDALS GRANTED AT WORLDS COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION, CHICAGO. ALLEGHENY AVE. and REBECCA ST., ILL . 1693, AND AT ST. LOUIS, FAIR, 1604, ALLEGHENY, PA. OFFICE AND FACTORY. DITTCDIIDPU DA BLUFF STREET. NEAR GIST. ~\ I I O D U It U II, TM. Phones : Bell 657 Cedar. P. & A. 657 North. ROBERT W. ARDARY JOHN G. BURNS HENRY SHENK Ardary-Burns Co. CONTRACTORS FOR COMPANY HEAVY and GENERAL HAULING Contractors and Builders TEAMS FOR HIRE LIBERTY AVE. and 31st ST. PITTSBURGH, PA. Telephones : P. & A. 103 Lawrence—Bell 103 Pisk. LEWIS BUILDING, PITTSBURGH W. N. Kratzer & Co. If Pittsburgh Iron and Wire Works Manufacturers ESTABLISHED 1847 STRUCTURAL STEEL TAYLOR <& DEAN and STEEL CONSTRUCTION. MANUFACTURERS OF Ornamental Iron and Wire Work, Iron Fencing Buildings, Roof Trusses, Girders, Columns, Sr-c. Elevator Enclosures—Jfrtistic Grill Work. StructuralShapes in stock FIRE ESCAPES OF ALE KINDS for hurry orders GEMERJIL OFFICE: M AHK^T STREET. Factories: 201 to 206 Market St. 32/2=50 Smailman St. PITTSBURGH, PJt. 23l8<2420 Penn Jive. H. L. KREUSLER SANKEY BROTHERS MANUFACTURERS OP Building .... ALL GRADES OF RED BRICK Construction OFFICE : 2112 CARSON STREET, SOUTH SIDE, PITTSBURGH 3301-3309 Penn Ave. PITTSBURGH, PA. BOTH PHONES 46 THEBUILDER OPPOSITE THE FALLS TOWER HOTEL. HOTEL THE HOME OF THE BRIDES NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y. ! RICHMOND 17th and H Streets, Washington, D. C. 100 Rooms, 50 Private Baths, American Plan. $3.00 Per Day, Upwards; With Bath, SI Additional. European Plan, $1.50 Per Day, Upwards; With Bath, $1 Additional. European Plan, $1.00 up. American Plan, $2.50 up A high-class Hotel, conducted for your comfort. Remodeled, re furnished throughout. Directly on car line. Union Station. 20 minutes. Capitol, 20 minutes. Shops and Theatres, 10 minutes. Two blocks to One Minute's walk from the Falls, directly opposite N. Y. State Park. "White House and Executive Buildings. Opposite Metropolitan Special Rates to Large Parties. Club. Free. Enclose 5 cents in stamps to cover costs and I send you one of Summer Season July to October* the finest colored double postal cards ever gotten up of Niagara Falls, and Wayside Inn and Cottages. Lake Luzerne, N. Y. in the Adirondacks. its a Beauty, Switzerland of America. 45 minutes from Saratoga, Send for Booklet. M. J. HOENIG, Prop. CLIFFORD M. LEWIS, Proprietor. House and Decorative Painting. Office, Sign and Store Painting The Graff Company V. I MORGAN HARDWOOD FINISHING, ENAMELING MANTELS and TILING AND GRAINING, GILDING, TINTING, ETC. 955 Liberty Street, 1 1 1 Oakland Ave., PITTSBURGH. Bell Telephone 445 ScKenley. PITTSBURGH,PA W. W. MILLER BELL CEDAR 929 R E. T. GRAHAM General Contractor PAINTER OF HOUSES 540 WINEBIDDLE AVENUE, E. E. 22 Park Way PITTSBURGH ALLEGHENY, PA. THE BUILDER 47 The Carter Electric Co. 402 Court TELEPHONE 267 Main ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS E. R. CLULEY Electrical Construction Work of all Descriptions Painting, Decorating, ARROTT POWER BUILDING Hardwood Fin ish ing Lewis Building PITTSBURGH, PA. w Telephones: Bell 1774 Grant, P. & A. 1774 Main. 543 Fourth Avenue, PITTSBURGH •»•••»••# #••••»• • ••»•••••••# Kit tanning Brick & Fire Clay Compahy j W.J.STEVENSON & CO. = AND = Marble, Tile and Slate Work Martin Brick Company SOLE AGENTS FOR MANUFACTURERS OF HIGH GRADE GRAY, BUFF, MOTTLED AND The Olmsted Blackboard RED BRICK. 312 Park Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. Itnpire Building PITTSBURGH, PA PHONES :—P. & A. 2971 Main ; Bell 754-3 Grant #-• »•••••••«»»• >•••••••»» *-% <•»••••! • •••••••• 9 •••• • • E. J. Detrick Co. R. H. ELLIOTT £. KENNEWEG MARBLE AND MOSAIC WORK FINE MANTEL AND FIREPLACE WORK TILES FOR FLOORS, WALLS, BATH ROOMS, ETC. Twin City Art Glass Works We solicit opportunity from Archi tects and Builders to estimate Corner SANDUSKY and ROBINSON Streets FIFTH FLOOR, HEEREN BUILDING P. S A. PHONE 515 NORTH ALLEGHENY, PA. Penn Ave. and Eighth St., Pittsburgh, Pa. BELL PHONE 334 R CEDAR >»»»•»•••-»••* >•••»••• • * •"•-•• • •••••••««»> '•>>•••••»>»••••< DAVID DUNLOP P. & A. TELEPHONE 757 ROOFING ROOF PAINTING Designing Sketching W. H. KNODELL Engraving —— ON — TINNER Wood, Copper and Zinc 510 East Diamond Street ALLEGHENY, PA. Pittsburgh, Pa. CONDUCTORS REPAIRING GUTTERS " P. & A. TEL. 2313 >•*•••»••«•« « »•#»•••••••»«! 48 THE BUILDER Bell Phone Brady 355. P. & A. Phone Chester 68. BRUCKMAN LUMBER GO. McClure Timber Co. DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF PITTSBURGH, PA. Building and Hardwood Lumber, Mill Work Yards ; West Market Street and Preble Avenue FIR OAK Office : Preble Avenue near Island Avenue ALL SIZES LARGEST STOCK ALLEGHENY, PA. YELLOW PINE HEMLOCK P. LEGOULLON TELEPHONES : Bell Court 1048. P. & A. Main 3493, SUCCESSOR TO Pittsburg Ladder & Scaffolding Co. W. B. LUPTON & CO. (FRANK BROWN, Manager.) ACTINOLITE, ASPHALT, SLATE, 506 Fourth Ave. TILE AND GRAVEL SECTIONAL ROOFERS EXT E N S i O N DEALER IN AND STEP ROOFING SLATE AND ROOFING MATERIALS Adjustable Scaffold Jacksr: 55wing Stages ROOMS 614 BESSEMER BUILDING Scaffolding for Hire TELEPHONE 539 PITTSBURGH, PA. T. W. JONES PATTERSON & SHAW STAIR BUILDER BUILDERS and CONTRACTORS 2603 PENN AVENUE No. 30 East Robinson Street, North, PITTSBURGH, PA. PITTSBURGH. AMERIGAN LUMBER & MFG. GO. TELEPHONES : Bell, 1353 Court-P. & A. 2292 Main EVERYTHING IN RODGERS SAND COMPANY Lumber and Mill Work DEALERS AND SHIPPERS OF ALL KINDS OF SAND AND GRAVEL PUBLICATION BUILDING BY BOAT, RAIL OR WAGON PITTSBURGH, PA. 123 Water Street PITTSBURGH, PA. THE BUILDER 49 HIGH GRADE Patterson Coal & Supply Co. GAS 7CN.TTT7T4 RANGES, FURNACES ANTHRACITE AND BITUMINOUS Z-.E.1N1 1 O AND LAUNDRY STOVES COAL Phoenix Portland Cement, Washington Building Lime, Stephenson Manufacturing Co. Ideal Wall Plaster, Lime, Cement, Sand, Sewer JOHN C. BASH, Manager. Pipe, Fire Brick, Fire Clay, Grate Tile, Etc. Bell L. D. Telephone 860 Cedar 207 - 209 Sandusky St. 1222 Grant Ave., ALLEGHENY, PA. P. & A. Telephone 696 Norlh ALLEGHENY, PENN'A. Phones : Bell, 213 Cedar ; P. & A., 213 North. Wallace Optical Co. RUDY BROS. CO DESIGNERS AND • Suite 503-505 Diamond Bank Bldg. WORKERS IN GLASS— PITTSBURGH, PA. STAINED, MOSAIC AND LEADED. :: :: :: EYES TESTED HIGHLAND AND CENTER AVENUES, PRESCRIPTIONS PROMPTLY FILLED E. E. PITTSBURGH, PA. ALL WORK GUARANTEED Georg-e A. Cochrane, Jr. Rob't K. Cochrane. Goehring & Bartley 1 George A, Cochrane Co, EVERY KIND OF General Building Contractors Builders' Hardware and Structural Iron WHOLESALE AND RETAIL Hardware, Painters' Supplies, Brushes, Window 1210-1216 WASHINGTON AVENUE, and Plate Glass. ALLEGHENY, PA, 6203 PENN AVENUE, EAST END, Both Phones : Bell 341 Highland Telephones: P. & A., Chester 127 ; Bell, Brady 127. PITTSBURGHP. & A. 341 East -,•* — —. - I Enterprise Contracting C°* Altetay Goralce til SMlM Co. ALBERT KLIOKER, Manager. Sheet Metal Window Frames and Sash. Pile Driving, Trestle and Dock Building, All Architectural Sheet Metal Work. Excavating, Dredging, Seep Wells Slate, Tin, Gravel and Slag Roofing. and Concrete Work. Metallic Skylights, Galvanized Iron and Copper Cornices. «-"«» GRANT AVE. and BOQUET ST. | Fulton Building, PITTSBURGH, PA. Phones: Bell. 1957 R Cedar. r. & A., 1161 North. BELL 2694 GRANT. ALLEGHENY, PA. 5° THE BUILDER Hardwick White Granite such as we are now furnishing for the Wisconsin State Capitol, comes from our quarry at Bethel, Vt., one corner of which is shown above. This stone is the whitest granite known and is by far the choicest building stone produced' in America. We are now equipping this quarry throughout with electric drills, hoists, air compressors and motors, and during 1908 we shall be in better position than ever before to furnish this stone. At Woodbury, Vt. we quarry the famous WOODBURY GRAY GRANITE, which lias been used in three state capitols. In this granite we can guarantee deliveries at the rate of 1000 cu. ft. of finished work per day. WOODBURY GRANITE COMPANY HARDWICK, Vermont MR. GEORGE H. BICKFORD, GENERAL MANAGER PITTSBURG:—2419 FARMERS' BANK BLDG., CHICAGO:—832 MONADNOCK BLOCK, NEW YORK:—NO. 1 MADISON AVE Railroad and Industrial. . . Shares during' last year have declined from 20 to 50 &T«. Buy for a Home ... For Security, for Future En hancement. The SCHENLEY FARMS Have increased in value and will continue to increase. Examine the Improvements. Offices of ttye ^ompapy, - Jfo. 1411 farmers Bar>l( Buildir;^. SOUTHERN ESTATES AND PLANTATIONS IN VIRGINIA. City and Country Homes. Cheap and Productive Farms and Timber Lands in the Most Healthful Section of the South, Plantations of all sizes. For full particulars address B. J. PATTERSON, HEEREN BUILDING, PITTSBURGH, PENNA. Pope Cement & Brick Co. i-i THE NORTHWESTERN I 421 WOOD ST., PITTSBURGH, PA. TERRA-COTTA CO. * I NORTHAMPTON PORTLAND 1 MANUFACTURERS OF THE HIGHEST GRADES OF » | OEM ENT I £ ARCHITECTURAL !. —•••••• i <_• >•' - • ' -I...1—.1.1 ••' Tiffany Enameled Brick Sayre and Fisher Gray Brick TERRA COTTA 1 Ornamental Terra Cotta * I Falston Front Brick CHICAGO t * i ILLINOIS *2 LIGONIER PAVING BLOCK AND CRUSHED LIGONIER SCOTT A. WHITE, Pittsburgh Representative, BLUESTONE. " 11 »4 Lewis Building. THE $ £ I * £Frederic k ThubronCo. Akron Roofing Tile $ £ i ! Company. it i Building t AKRON, OHIO \ i Maker, of Roofing Tiles and $ t Contractors i A if" Trimmings also 4 if i 4 If 4 Floor Quarries PHONES. i The above made in natural clay colors fl Bell 304 Cedar P. & A. 304 North Residence 1016 L Cedar. $ and in BRIGHT and MATT GLAZES in all colors. Represented in P ittsburgh and Western I Pennsylvania by SCOTT A. WHITB, 7 West Montgomery Ave., J J?it:tst>ia.:rg:lx, F*a, IfALLEGHENY, PA,J i# ^-W.J*,J*^.^.^.-^.^>.-;3.-:».J».-:».J».J».J».-:a^.^.^.-3.;».-'».J'».-^J»».J».J* ^^^Ml^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Ja^.J^^J^jftj^j^j^T