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Herbert H. Jasper Fonds McGill University Archives McGill University, Montreal Canada MG4253 Herbert H. Jasper Fonds This is a guide to one of the collections held by the McGill University Archives, McGill University. Visit the McGill University Archives homepage (http://www.mcgill.ca/archives) for more information McGill University Archives Finding Aid Herbert H. Jasper fonds MG 4253 Accession 2006-0021 Accession 2006-0069 Accession 2006-0136 Accession 2007-0119 1927-1999. - 3.5 m of textual records and other materials, including 218 photographs 527 scientific illustrations (printed on photo paper) 76 - 35mm slides 37 glass lantern slides 8 film reels 2 audio reels 22 artifacts 32 medals 52 certificates Biographical Sketch Herbert Henri Jasper was born on July 27, 1906 in La Grande, Oregon, U.S.A. He began his university education studying philosophy and psychology, receiving his B.A. at Reed College in Portland, Oregon in 1927, and his M.A. at the University of Oregon in Eugene in 1929. With a burgeoning interest in the human brain in relation to the mind and behaviour, Jasper completed his Ph.D. in psychology at the University of Iowa in 1931. At this time he married Constance Cleaver, with whom he had a daughter, Marilyn. His thesis work from Iowa was recognized by an appointment as National Research Council Foreign Fellow, leading to two years of study at the Sorbonne in Paris, from 1931-32, with Alexandre and Andrée Monnier and Louis Lapicque. In 1932, a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation allowed him to establish an EEG laboratory at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, where he carried out pioneering EEG work and published the first paper in the United States on the human EEG in Science in 1935. During this time he was also a professor in the psychology department. He received his D. és. Sci. from the University of Paris in 1935. An important development in Jasper’s career occurred in 1937, when he met Dr. Wilder Penfield, who had recently established the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI). The two carried out collaborative work, with Jasper at first commuting from Rhode Island with a portable EEG unit, and moving to Montreal in 1938 upon Penfield’s invitation to join the MNI. There, Jasper established a special clinical EEG unit to study epilepsy and mental illness and led the MNI’s neurophysiology and EEG labs from 1939 to 1961; he was also a professor of experimental neurology at McGill University. He enjoyed the lifestyle at the MNI, which in addition to long hours in the lab, included skiing and sailing with Penfield and the other MNI fellows on the weekends. In 1940, he married his second wife Margaret Aileen Goldie, a nurse at the laboratory; they had two children, Stephen and Joan. In order to improve his medical skills with the patients in the EEG Department, Jasper studied medicine at McGill, while concurrently carrying out his research work at the MNI; he received his MDCM from McGill in 1943. He became a Canadian citizen and joined the R.C.A.M.C. in 1943, carrying out wartime research on head injuries and the physiology of air pilot blackouts. One of Jasper’s great achievements at the MNI was the monograph written with Wilder Penfield in 1954, Epilepsy and the Functional Anatomy of the Human Brain, which became the most popular in the field. In addition to his pioneering work with the EEG, he used microelectrodes to record from single brain cells and synapses, and endeavored to understand the fluctuations in autonomous brain rhythms due to different stages of consciousness and responses to reverberations in the brainstem and thalamic reticular formations. In 1964, he relocated from the MNI to the Université de Montréal to work with Jean- Pierre Cordeau at the Centre de Recherches en Sciences Neurologiques, funded by the Canadian Medical Research Council. Jasper’s research focus here was on experimental neurophysiology by combined neurochemical and microelectrode techniques, and he did key work in the field of neurotransmitters and cortical function. He also taught in the neurophysiology department. Although he retired in 1976, he maintained an active role in the laboratories at both the Université de Montreal and the MNI as an honorary consultant in neuroscience. Following his wife Margaret’s death in 1983, he married Mary Lou McDougall. Over the course of his influential seventy year career in brain research, Jasper was honoured with numerous awards, distinctions, and honorary degrees. These include the Albert Einstein World Science Award from the World Cultural Council, the William G. Lennox Award of the American Epilepsy Society, the Ralph Gerard Prize from the Society for Neuroscience, the McLaughlin Medal from the Royal Society of Canada, the Carl Spencer Lashley Award from the American Philosophical Society, and the FNG Starr Award from the Canadian Medical Association. He was also made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1972, a Grand Officer of the Ordre National du Québec, and was inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame in 1995. He received numerous honorary degrees from universities in Canada and overseas, including McGill, Queen’s, and the Université de Bordeaux. Dr. Jasper was an active member of many national and international medical and research organizations, and was one of the founding members of IBRO (the International Brain Research Organization); in 1960 he moved to Paris for one year to become the organization’s first Executive Secretary. He was the first president of the American EEG Society, as well as the International Federation of Societies for EEG and Clinical Neurophysiology. He also engaged in extensive publishing and editorial 2 activities as the founder and editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology. He chaired many committees and traveled worldwide to participate in symposia and conferences. A prolific writer, Jasper published well over 300 works. Herbert Jasper continued to attend conferences and give lectures until his death on March 11, 1999 from sudden cardiac attack at the age of 92. He is widely recognized as one of the most influential neurophysiologists of the twentieth century. Scope and Content Note The fonds documents Herbert H. Jasper’s research activities at the Montreal Neurological Institute and the Centre de Recherches en Sciences Neurologiques at the Université de Montréal, his active travel and participation in international symposia and research organizations, his correspondence with an international network of researchers and colleagues, as well as his publishing and editorial work. A small amount of the materials also relate to his teaching activities at the Université de Montréal, as well as his personal life. Records include correspondence, conference and symposia materials, publications, research notes, photographs, and awards, including medals, plaques, and certificates. The majority of the materials are from the 1960s to the 1980s. Arrangement of the fonds varies by series, and includes subject, chronological, and alphabetical arrangement. The series consist of 1) Research; 2) Teaching; 3) Personal; 4) Photographs Custodial History The fonds was acquired in four accessions, three directly from Herbert Jasper’s wife Mary Lou Jasper (2006-0021, 2006-0036, 2007-0119), and one from Mary Lou Jasper via the Université de Montréal (2006-0069). Accession 2006-0021 was received December 12, 2005, Accession 2006-0069 was received May 15, 2006, and Accession 2007-0119 was received June 28, 2007. All accessions have been merged into 2007- 0119. Languages: Mainly English, some French, a very small amount of German, Japanese, and Russian. Title: Based on the contents of the fonds. Access Points: Herbert H. Jasper fonds. Finding Aid: Box list available. Access: Open. 3 1. Research activities – 1927-1999. – 3.1 m of textual records, 527 scientific illustrations, 1 negative, 75 35mm slides, 37 glass lantern slides, 14 artifacts (research instruments), 8 film reels, 2 audio reels. This series documents Jasper’s research activities, primarily from his years at the Centre de Recherches en Sciences Neurologiques at the Université de Montréal, although some material from his years at the Montreal Neurological Institute is included as well. Files relating to conferences and symposia provide insight into Jasper’s research interests over his career, some of the major contributions he made to the field, as well as his extensive involvement in organizing and chairing events. Record types include correspondence, conference proceedings, drafts of papers submitted, and lecture notes. These materials are arranged chronologically by date of conference, 1949-1999 (Container 1, Files 1-79; Container 2, Files 80-129; Container 15, Files 403, 406, 407). The conference and symposia materials also reflect Jasper’s international influence in the research community, as well as his wide network of contacts. For example, the file relating to the 1970 International Symposium in Neuroscience in honour of H. H. Jasper contains many letters from internationally-renowned neurophysiologists and researchers (Container 1, File 48); a related item is the signature book from the same event, 1970 (Container 8, File 356). Professional correspondence files are arranged alphabetically and chronologically within the files, 1938-1999 (Container 3, Files 130-146, 148-170; Container 4, Files 171- 180, 182-199). Again, these reflect Jasper’s extensive network in the international research community, his research activities, as well as his editorial work. Most of the correspondence is from Jasper’s time with the Université de Montréal and his subsequent retirement, however there is some earlier material relating to the Montreal Neurological Institute, specifically correspondence with Wilder Penfield, 1948-1983 (Container 4, Files 179-180), and Ted Rasmussen, 1949-1970 (Container 4, File 186). Jasper also carried out a long correspondence with friends and fellow researchers Ali and Andreé Monnier, 1938-1993 (Container 3, Files 168-170). Subject files, which are arranged alphabetically, provide information about the many societies and organizations of which Jasper was a member and active participant.
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