DOCSLIB.ORG

Epidemiology and Public Health Aspects of Animal Biting in Shush County, Khuzestan Province, Iran

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Epidemiology and Public Health Aspects of Animal Biting in Shush County, Khuzestan Province, Iran Arch Clin Infect Dis. 2014 October; 9(4): e18773. DOI: 10.5812/archcid.18773 Research Article Published online 2014 September 25. Epidemiology and Public Health Aspects of Animal Biting in Shush County, Khuzestan Province, Iran 1 2,* 2 2 Mohammad Hossein Feizhaddad ; Hamid Kassiri ; Masoud Lotfi ; Seyedeh Sahar Hoseini 1Department of Medical Parasitology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran 2Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran *Corresponding author : Hamid Kassiri, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran. Tel: +98-6113738269, Fax: +98-6113738282, E-mail: [email protected] Received: ; Revised: ; Accepted: March 5, 2014 September 20, 2014 September 23, 2014 Background: Animal bites, especially dog bites, are common health problems which are rarely addressed. It is estimated that 15 million people are bitten by animals worldwide annually. Diseases caused by animal bites are problematic matters in the world as well as in Iran. The main disease caused by animal bites is rabies. Rabies is a fatal acute viral disease causing inclusive symptoms in the central nervous system in domestic and wild carnivores. Humans and other warm-blooded mammals are often randomly involved with an infected animal bite. Objectives: Due to the increasing number of cases of animal bites in the County of Shush (southwestern Iran) because of its geographical status as a farming-animal husbandry region as well as the residents that are more exposed to animal bites, this study was designed to investigate the epidemiology and prevalence rate of animal bites in this county during 2000-2004. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional research, a particular questionnaire was filled out for all the cases. The questionnaire included questions about demographic and epidemiologic characters such as, occupation, sex, age, biting animal type, treatment type, bite site, etc. Data analysis through SPSS and Excel software was performed and the percentages and mean of statistical figures were determined. Finally, descriptive statistics was used in the forms of tables and graphs to summarize the data. Results: Findings of this study indicated that the average prevalence of animal bites during the above five years was 1.3 per 1000 population and there was an increased trend in the prevalence rate of animal bite in this county. During these five years, a total number of 1300 cases of animal bites were recorded: males 971 (74.7%) and females 329 (25.3%). The numbers of animal bites in rural and urban areas were 1061 (81.6%) and 239 (18.4%), respectively. Therefore, a 4.4-time rate of animal bites was recorded for rural areas. Moreover, the majority of animal bites (31.9%) were determined in the age group of 10-20. In terms of employment, students with 390 cases (30%) comprised the highest work-related group. From the viewpoint of bite site, the most prevalent biting site was feet with 907 cases (69.7%), followed by hands with 236 (18.2%) cases, while only one bite was recorded on the neck area. Totally, 95.8% of bites were confirmed to be applied by dogs; however, cats were responsible for only 3.3% of bites. During the five years of the study, 155 stray dogs in rural areas and 84 in urban areas were hunted. Conclusions: Due to the demographic status of Shush County, its high rural population engaged in agriculture and livestock farming, keeping dogs at home for job demands and a great percentage of animal bites among students, educational programs for students in schools and for farmers should be prioritized regarding first aid for prevention of animal biting. Keywords: Epidemiology; Animals; Bites; Prevalence; Rabies; Iran 1. Background Animal bites are a significant threat to human health In terms of epidemiology, rabies is found in domestic because of the fatality of subsequent infections such as and sylvatic forms. The disease is common in most ar- rabies. Although animal bites are preventable, they are eas of Asia, Africa and small parts of North America and still a health problem in many countries, especially in South America. Rabies is common in both domestic and Asia and Africa. Every year, more than 15000000 people sylvatic forms in most provinces and counties of Iran (3). receive post-exposure prophylaxis, mostly in China and Rabies is endemic in Iran and occurs frequently in do- India. More than 55000 people die of rabies every year, mestic animals (4-6). The annual Increase of animal bites mostly in Asia and Africa. About 40% of people who are can enhance the costs due to importing anti-rabies vac- bitten by suspect rabid animals are children under 15 cines and serums. Furthermore, rabies has a high fatality years old (1, 2). rate; thus, after the appearance of clinical symptoms in Copyright © 2014, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center; Published by Kowsar. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits copy and redistribute the material just in noncommercial usages, provided the original work is properly cited. Feizhaddad MH et al. humans or in animals it is not curable and death is al- demiologic features such as, occupation, sex, age, biting most inevitable (7, 8). animal, treatment regimen, bite site, etc. Data analysis The main infection reservoirs in different geographical through SPSS and Excel software was performed and areas vary in wildlife, which are important reservoirs for percentages and mean of statistical figures were deter- rabies transmission. In the United States, Skunk (in the mined. Finally, descriptive statistics was used in the form west), fox (in the east) and raccoon (in Florida) are the of tables and graphs to summarize the data. The ethical main reservoirs for rabies (9). Dogs have the most impor- principles of this research were investigated and dis- tant role in transmission of rabies to humans (2). Dog cussed in the Research Committee of Medical Entomol- bite, in addition to bacterial infections, can transfer ra- ogy Department and required modifications were made, bies, tetanus and tularemia and cat bite may cause trans- faced to be approved. mission of rabies and tetanus. Being bitten and scratched Bartonella henselae by cat can also transfer (causing cat 4. Results Francisella tularensis scratch disease) and (causing tulare- The results showed that 1300 cases with animal bites mia) (10). in rabies vaccination centers had been recorded during In the northern region of Iran, dogs and foxes and in 2000-2004. The average prevalence rate of animal bit- west and north-west of the country wolves are the most ing in Shush County during the above five years was ap- important disease vectors and reservoirs. Previous stud- proximately 1.3 per 1000 population. There was almost an ies showed that the cause of rabies has not been isolated increased prevalence rate for animal biting over the five from bats in Iran (11, 12). In many studies, animal bites years with 1.22, 1.17, 1.11, 1.53 and 1.47 per 1000 population, have been reported for different age groups. According to for each year, respectively. Figure 1 shows the trend of ani- the World Health Organization reports, most cases of hu- mal bite cases during the study period. Depending on the man rabies have been occurred in boys under 15 years old age group, the results showed that the frequency of cases as well as in 40% of patients aged 5-14 (13). With an excep- with animal bites in the 10-20-year age group (31.9%) was tional in Pandey's study on foreign residents and tourists more than other age groups and the lowest rate was ob- in Nepal which indicated that more females than males served in children under four years old (3.6%) (Figure 2). were bitten by a rabid animal, in other studies the animal Regarding the time of bites, December (10%) was re- bite cases have been higher for males (14). corded for most of the cases; however, the lowest rates In general, many factors must be considered for rabies were traced in January (4.8%) (Table 1). Seasonally, cases control campaign plans and the first act is surveillance with animal bites were documented in autumn (26.8%), and epidemiologic data gathering. One of the main con- winter (25.2%), summer (24.1%) and spring (23.9%), respec- cerns in relation to prevention and control of this disease tively (Table 1). The findings from this study indicated is the lack of consistent care and regular reporting by that cases with animal bites during 2000-2004 and for all health centers. In this context, this shortcoming has led the months were higher in males than in females. Dur- to unavailability of accurate, adequate and timely infor- ing these five years, a total of 1300 animal bites in both mation for the abovementioned issues. Therefore, com- genders were recorded with 971 (74.7%) in males and 329 munity participation and cooperation should be granted (25.3%) in females. According to the results extracted from for successfulness of the above responsibilities. Table 1, the animal bite rate in males was approximately 2.9 times more than females. 2. Objectives Throughout 2000-2004, around 81.6% of animal bites Given the high rate of rural population in the County occurred in rural areas in Shush County, which were of Shush, keeping dogs in homes and the increased inci- 4.4 times more than urban areas (18.4%). From the bite dence rate of animal bites in recent years, it persuaded site point of view (on the body), 907 cases (69.7%) were the authors to perform an epidemiological study on ani- documented for feet and the subsequent bite sites were: mal bites in this region.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Animal Bite Incidence in the County of Shush, Iran Hamid Kassiri1*, Ali Kassiri2, Masoud Lotfi1, Babak Shahkarami3, Seyed-Sahar Hosseini1
    Journal of Acute Disease (2014)26-30 26 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Acute Disease journal homepage: www.jadweb.org Document heading doi: 10.1016/S2221-6189(14)60006-8 Animal bite incidence in the County of Shush, Iran Hamid Kassiri1*, Ali Kassiri2, Masoud Lotfi1, Babak Shahkarami3, Seyed-Sahar Hosseini1 1School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 3Shush Health Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Shush, Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Objective: To determine the epidemiology of animal bites during a five-year period (2004- Received 16 September 2013 Methods: 2008) in Shush County, Khuzestan province, southwestern Iran. In a descriptive cross Received in revised form 15 October 2013 S C Accepted 11 November 2013 sectional study, all cases of animal bites referred to the health centers in hush ounty were 2004 2008 T Available online 20 March 2014 investigated during - . he necessary data were recorded on the special questionnaire that contains questResults:ions abo ut bite animal, age, sex, occupation, treatment, the bite site on the Keywords: body and so forth. Out of a total of 2 283 cases that underwent the animal bites during Animal bite the mentioned five years, 1 771 people (77.6%) were male and 511 (22.4%) were female .Most Incidence rate cases were related to age groups 10-20 (33.4%) and 20-30 (22%) years. The average incidence rate Rabies of animal bite during these years was determined as 2.82 cases per 1 000 people.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Document (In English)
    Iran Human Rights Documentation Center The Iran Human Rights Documentation Center (IHRDC) believes that the development of an accountability movement and a culture of human rights in Iran are crucial to the long-term peace and security of the country and the Middle East region. As numerous examples have illustrated, the removal of an authoritarian regime does not necessarily lead to an improved human rights situation if institutions and civil society are weak, or if a culture of human rights and democratic governance has not been cultivated. By providing Iranians with comprehensive human rights reports, data about past and present human rights violations, and information about international human rights standards, particularly the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the IHRDC programs will strengthen Iranians’ ability to demand accountability, reform public institutions, and promote transparency and respect for human rights. Encouraging a culture of human rights within Iranian society as a whole will allow political and legal reforms to have real and lasting weight. The IHRDC seeks to: Establish a comprehensive and objective historical record of the human rights situation in Iran, and on the basis of this record, establish responsibility for patterns of human rights abuses; Make the record available in an archive that is accessible to the public for research and educational purposes; Promote accountability, respect for human rights and the rule of law in Iran; and Encourage an informed dialogue on the human rights situation in Iran among scholars and the general public in Iran and abroad. Iran Human Rights Documentation Center 129 Church Street New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA Tel: +1-(203)-772-2218 Fax: +1-(203)-772-1782 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.iranhrdc.org Front cover: Ahwazi Arabs marching in Kuye Alavi neighborhood in Ahvaz during the April 2005 protests.
    [Show full text]
  • Contributionstoa292fiel.Pdf
    Field Museum OF > Natural History o. rvrr^ CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF IRAN BY HENRY FIELD CURATOR OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY ANTHROPOLOGICAL SERIES FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME 29, NUMBER 2 DECEMBER 15, 1939 PUBLICATION 459 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES 1. Basic Mediterranean types. 2. Atlanto- Mediterranean types. 3. 4. Convex-nosed dolichocephals. 5. Brachycephals. 6. Mixed-eyed Mediterranean types. 7. Mixed-eyed types. 8. Alpinoid types. 9. Hamitic and Armenoid types. 10. North European and Jewish types. 11. Mongoloid types. 12. Negroid types. 13. Polo field, Maidan, Isfahan. 14. Isfahan. Fig. 1. Alliance Israelite. Fig. 2. Mirza Muhammad Ali Khan. 15-39. Jews of Isfahan. 40. Isfahan to Shiraz. Fig. 1. Main road to Shiraz. Fig. 2. Shiljaston. 41. Isfahan to Shiraz. Fig. 1. Building decorated with ibex horns at Mahyar. Fig. 2. Mosque at Shahreza. 42. Yezd-i-Khast village. Fig. 1. Old town with modern caravanserai. Fig. 2. Northern battlements. 43. Yezd-i-Khast village. Fig. 1. Eastern end forming a "prow." Fig. 2. Modern village from southern escarpment. 44. Imamzadeh of Sayyid Ali, Yezd-i-Khast. 45. Yezd-i-Khast. Fig. 1. Entrance to Imamzadeh of Sayyid Ali. Fig. 2. Main gate and drawbridge of old town. 46. Safavid caravanserai at Yezd-i-Khast. Fig. 1. Inscription on left wall. Fig. 2. Inscription on right wall. 47. Inscribed portal of Safavid caravanserai, Yezd-i-Khast. 48. Safavid caravanserai, Yezd-i-Khast. Fig. 1. General view. Fig. 2. South- west corner of interior. 49-65. Yezd-i-Khast villagers. 66. Kinareh village near Persepolis. 67. Kinareh village.
    [Show full text]
  • Animal Bite Incidence in the County of Shush, Iran Hamid Kassiri1*, Ali Kassiri2, Masoud Lotfi1, Babak Shahkarami3, Seyed-Sahar Hosseini1
    Journal of Acute Disease (2014)26-30 26 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Acute Disease journal homepage: www.jadweb.org Document heading doi: 10.1016/S2221-6189(14)60006-8 Animal bite incidence in the County of Shush, Iran Hamid Kassiri1*, Ali Kassiri2, Masoud Lotfi1, Babak Shahkarami3, Seyed-Sahar Hosseini1 1School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 3Shush Health Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Shush, Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Objective: To determine the epidemiology of animal bites during a five-year period (2004- Received 16 September 2013 Methods: 2008) in Shush County, Khuzestan province, southwestern Iran. In a descriptive cross Received in revised form 15 October 2013 S C Accepted 11 November 2013 sectional study, all cases of animal bites referred to the health centers in hush ounty were 2004 2008 T Available online 20 March 2014 investigated during - . he necessary data were recorded on the special questionnaire that contains questionsResults: about bite animal, age, sex, occupation, treatment, the bite site on the Keywords: body and so forth. Out of a total of 2 283 cases that underwent the animal bites during Animal bite the mentioned five years, 1 771 people (77.6%) were male and 511 (22.4%) were female .Most Incidence rate cases were related to age groups 10-20 (33.4%) and 20-30 (22%) years. The average incidence rate Rabies of animal bite during these years was determined as 2.82 cases per 1 000 people.
    [Show full text]
  • Original Article Prone Regions of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Southwest of Iran: Combination of Hierarchical Decision Model (AHP) and GIS
    J Arthropod-Borne Dis, September 2019, 13(3): 310–323 E Jahanifard et al.: Prone Regions of … Original Article Prone Regions of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Southwest of Iran: Combination of Hierarchical Decision Model (AHP) and GIS Elham Jahanifard1,2; Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd1; Hossein Nasiri3; Hamid Reza Matinfar4; Zabihollah Charrahy5; Mohammad Reza Abai1; *Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi1; *Amir Ahmad Akhavan1 1Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 3Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 4Department of Soil Science, Collage of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran 5Open Training Center, School of Geography, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran (Received 3 Mar 2018; accepted 10 Apr 2019) Abstract Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major is an important public health problem in the world. Khuzestan Province is one of the main foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in the southwest of Iran. We aimed to predict the spatial distribution of the vector and reservoir(s) of ZCL using decision-making tool and to pre- pare risk map of the disease using integrative GIS, RS and AHP methods in endemic foci in Shush (plain area) and Khorramshahr (coastal area) counties of Khuzestan Province, southern Iran from Mar 2012 to Jan 2013. Methods: Thirteen criteria including temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, soil texture, soil organic matter, soil pH, soil moisture, altitude, land cover, land use, underground water depth, distance from river, slope and distance from human dwelling with the highest chance of the presence of the main vector and reservoir of the disease were chosen for this study.
    [Show full text]
  • 13853 Wednesday JANUARY 6, 2021 Dey 17, 1399 Jumada Al Awwal 22, 1442 Iran Can Enrich Karimi Considered As Iran Inks Deal To
    WWW.TEHRANTIMES.COM I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y 8 Pages Price 50,000 Rials 1.00 EURO 4.00 AED 42nd year No.13853 Wednesday JANUARY 6, 2021 Dey 17, 1399 Jumada Al Awwal 22, 1442 Iran can enrich Karimi considered as Iran inks deal to uranium beyond 20% “glimmer of light” by export rail tracks General Soleimani if necessaryPage 2 Iranian football figures Page 3 to Afghanistan Page 4 INTERNATIONAL HERO 176 idle mines revived in 9 months TEHRAN- Through implementing a nine-month period. program for reviving idle small-scale According to the available statistics, the Iran nuclear move aims mines across the country, Iran has re- number of active mines in the country is more vived 176 mines during the first nine than 5,600 mines, from which an average of months of the current Iranian calendar 400 million tons of various minerals are ex- year (March 20-December 20, 2020). tracted annually, and the share of construction See page 3 As announced by the Iranian Mines materials is estimated at 60 to 65 percent. and Mining Industries Development and Currently, 257 mines are being to restore balance Renovation Organization (IMIDRO), 12 equipped as part of a comprehensive mineral processing plants were also set up program for reviving idle small-scale in the country through cooperation with mines across the country. the private sector during the mentioned Continued on page 4 Iran ranks 14th for top universities worldwide TEHRAN – Iran ranked 14th among 102 evaluate and publish scientific productions countries for the highest number of top in Islamic countries.
    [Show full text]
  • The Animal Bites Cases in Meybod and Ardakan Cities of Iran
    The Journal of Medical Research 2021; 7(4):109-111 Research Article The animal bites cases in Meybod and Ardakan cities of Iran JMR 2021; 7(4):109-111 1 1 2 1 July- August Jamshid Ayatollahi , Fatemeh Behnaz , Nasim Dehghani Firuzabadi , Mahdie Hamidfar , Seyed Hossein ISSN:2395-7565 Shahcheraghi1 © 2021, All rights reserved 1 Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, www.medicinearticle.com Yazd, Iran Received:13-06-2021 2 Medical Student, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Accepted:23-07-2021 Abstract Rabies is one of the most common diseases between humans and animals and is an important public health priority. This study was performed to investigate the epidemiological features of animal bites referred to rabies prevention centers in Meybod and Ardakan towns (Iran) in 2018 and 2019. The present research was a cross-sectional descriptive study. All cases of animal bites registered in the rabies prevention center of Meybod and Ardakan cities during 2018 and 2019 were investigated. The data was analyzed for demographic and epidemiological information using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Finally, was analyzed by SPSS version 20. The results of the study showed that 848 cases of animal bites have occurred in two cities, which is more common in adolescents and males. The most common animals causing bite were cats and dogs in these areas. Because of the large number of animal bites in the mentioned cities, the need for planning for educational and care activities to reduce the cases of bites is recommended. Keywords: Epidemiology, Animal bites, Meybod and Ardakan.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Document
    The Massacre of Political Prisoners in Iran, 1988: An Addendum Witness Testimonies and Official Statements Published by the Abdorrahman Boroumand Foundation For the Promotion of Human Rights and Democracy in Iran www.iranrights.org The Massacre of Political Prisoners in Iran, 1988: An Addendum Witness Testimonies and Official Statements The Massacre of Political Prisoners in Iran, 1988: An Addendum. Witness Testimonies and Official Statements Drawing by Sudabeh Ardavan, a prisoner in Evin Prison, a composite of various sections of the prison, including the interrogation corridors, the Amuzeshgah, and wards 216 and 325, from her book Memories from Prison. The Massacre of Political Prisoners in Iran, 1988: An Addendum. Witness Testimonies and Official Statements The Massacre of Political Prisoners in Iran, 1988: An Addendum Witness Testimonies and Official Statements Abdorrahman Boroumand Foundation The Massacre of Political Prisoners in Iran, 1988: An Addendum. Witness Testimonies and Official Statements About the Abdorrahman Boroumand Foundation The Abdorrahman Boroumand Foundation (ABF) is a non-governmental, non-profit organization dedicated to the promotion of human rights and democracy in Iran. ABF is an independent organization with no political affiliation. It is named in memory of Dr. Abdorrahman Boroumand, an Iranian lawyer and pro-democracy activist who was assassinated in Paris on 18 April 1981, allegedly by agents of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ABF believes that promoting human rights awareness through education and the dis semination of information is a necessary prerequisite for the establishment of a stable democracy in Iran. ABF was founded in 2001 by Ladan and Roya Boroumand, the daughters of Dr. Boroumand.
    [Show full text]
  • In Khuzestan Province, Southwestern Iran
    ArchiveArch Clin Infectof SID Dis. 2019 August; 14(4):e84452. doi: 10.5812/archcid.84452. Published online 2019 August 19. Research Article Comparison of Various Methods of Collecting Scorpions (Arachnida, Scorpiones) in Khuzestan Province, Southwestern Iran Rouhullah Dehghani 1, Hamid Kassiri 2, * and Narges Mohammadzadeh 3, 4 1Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center and Environment Health Department, College of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran 2Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 3Health Center, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran 4Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran *Corresponding author: Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Email: [email protected] Received 2018 September 21; Revised 2019 June 21; Accepted 2019 June 30. Abstract Background: Scorpions have evermore received considerable attention in Iran due to their medical importance, richness, and frequency. In order to the study scorpions’ behavior and bio-ecology,it is important to use the proper method for scorpion catching. The collection and maintenance of the specimens are among the most important parts of every study. Objectives: This article investigated different techniques suitable for capturing scorpions in residential and non-residential areas of Khuzestan province, Southwestern Iran. Methods: Various scorpion species were captured from rural and urban areas of six counties of this province during 26 sampling sessions, using five methods, namely the black light, rock-rolling, scorpion nest digging, old mud walls destruction, and demoli- tion dry mud wall on the edge of channels.
    [Show full text]
  • Geotechnical & Geology
    History Alvan Naghsh Sazeh (ANS) was founded in 2007 in I.R.IRAN and has provided civil engineering services at different stages such as, preliminary investigations, supervision and quality control during the construction of projects in order to make qualitative and quantitative progress of civil projects in Iran and neighboring countries. For this purpose, ANS utilizes well-experienced and trained experts and attended in dozens of public and private projects, including towers, heavy oil and water tanks, power plants, industrial and petrochemical complexes, irrigation and drainage projects, oil fields, tourist resorts, residential townships, bridges, pipelines and power transmission lines. ANS has strongly believed in sustainable development with lower cost. we tend to save while keeping our design safe. Our advanced peculiar testing services as well as the ANS expert team support our beliefs. It should be noted that Alvan Nagsh Sazeh Consulting Engineers also has opened its northern branch of Khouzestan at Andimeshk city to provide geotechnical studies, material strength (Soil, Concrete Asphalt, Welding Controls) and quality control of Projects. Also, this company in order to export technical and engineering services has set up and equipped a geotechnical laboratory and a consulting and contracting office in Iraq (Basrah city) since 2013 to participate in civil projects and provide technical services. ANS Services •Road Construction Projects in E.P.C •Special Soil tests & Strength of materials form •Geotechnical and Structural design
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Sand Flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in Southwest Iran with Emphasis on Synanthropy of Phlebotomus Papatasi and P
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/265093296 Diversity of sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in southwest Iran with emphasis on synanthropy of Phlebotomus papatasi and P. alexandri ARTICLE in ACTA TROPICA · AUGUST 2014 Impact Factor: 2.27 · DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.08.017 · Source: PubMed CITATIONS READS 3 132 9 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Elham Jahanifard Yavar Rassi Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences 9 PUBLICATIONS 17 CITATIONS 90 PUBLICATIONS 912 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat mohammad reza Shirzadi Tehran University of Medical Sciences Ministry of Health, Iran 178 PUBLICATIONS 428 CITATIONS 56 PUBLICATIONS 362 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Available from: Yavar Rassi Retrieved on: 18 October 2015 G Model ACTROP 3445 1–8 ARTICLE IN PRESS Acta Tropica xxx (2014) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Acta Tropica jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/actatropica 1 Diversity of sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in southwest Iran with 2 emphasis on synanthropy of Phlebotomus papatasi and Phlebotomus 3 alexandri ∗ ∗ 4 Q2Q1 Elham Jahanifard, Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi , Amir Ahmad Akhavan , 5 Kamran Akbarzadeh, Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd, Yavar Rassi, Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat, 1 6 Mohammad Reza Shirzadi , Ameneh Karimi 7 Department of Medical Entomology &Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enghlab Ave. Poorsina St. Tehran, PO 8 Box 6446, Tehran, Iran 9 2510 a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t 11 12 Article history: Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ZCL) is still a serious health problem in Iran.
    [Show full text]