Dictionary of Medicinal Plants - Scientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names
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Dictionary of Medicinal Plants - Scientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names Dictionary of Medicinal Plants - Scientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names India . United Kingdom Author(s) Sri Ranjani Sivapalan1 and Vinotha Sanmugarajah1* 1University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]; FIRST EDITION 2019 ISBN 978-93-89246-90-2 (Print) ISBN 978-93-89246-91-9 (eBook) DOI: 10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-89246-90-2 _________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright 2019 The Author(s), Licensee Book Publisher International, This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Contents Dedication i Preface ii INTRODUCTION 1 Botanical Names Ab – Az 2-13 Ba – Bu 13-16 Ca – Cy 16-34 Da – Du 34-37 Ec – Ex 37-41 Fa – Fr 41-43 Ga – Gy 43-45 Ha – Hy 45-49 Ic – Ix 49-52 Ja – Ju 52-53 Ka – Ky 53 La – Ly 53-56 Ma – My 56-61 Ne – Ny 61-62 Oc – Os 62-63 Pa – Pu 63-67 Ra – Ru 67-68 Sa – Sy 68-73 Ta – Tr 73-74 Ur – Ut 75 Va – Vi 75-76 Wa – Wr 76-77 Xa – Xy 77-78 Za – Zo 78 REFERENCES 79-82 DEDICATION This book is dedicated to our beloved Bhagawan Sri Sathiya Sai Baba's divine lotus feet. i ii Preface Any plants which provide health promoting characteristics, temporary relief or curative properties are known as Medicinal plants. The history of medicinal plant use for treating diseases is probably dates back to the beginning of human civilization. Medicinal plants are used by different nations to increase the immune system, relief pain and cure or provide relief from ailments. They serve as important therapeutic agent and valuable raw material for manufacturing numerous traditional and modern medicine. In many developing countries, traditional medicine is still the backbone of health-care. Even in developed countries, the raw materials for manufacturing essential drugs are extracted from medicinal plants, using its natural properties of healing. Increasingly, more people are turning to herbal remedies, especially for treating minor ailments. This book presents the Scientific name, Family name, English name, Sinhala name, Sanskrit name, & Tamil name of total 906 medicinal plants. Many of the medicinal plants are found in Sri Lanka, some of the plants are patented from other part of the world. There is no minimal knowledge required to read this book. Anyhow it is useful for academics, scientists, professionals, clinicians, pharmacist, and researchers. It serves as a quick reference to the names of difference languages of medicinal plants. Further to that, this is beneficial to the students, who study Traditional medicine, Ethno-Pharmacological, Ethno-Botanical, Ethno-Medical, Ethno- Veterinary and Taxonomical education. Authors sincerely hope that this book will be valuable to the people interested in medicinal plants, especially in developing world. ii iii Print ISBN: 978-93-89246-90-2, eBook ISBN: 978-93-89246-91-9 Dictionary of Medicinal Plants - Scientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names Sri Ranjani Sivapalan 1 and Vinotha Sanmugarajah 1* DOI:10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-89246-90-2 INTRODUCTION Medicinal plants have been known for centuries and are highly valued all over the world as a rich source of therapeutic agents of medicinal plants for public health care in developing nations [65]. Even today, the WHO estimates that up to 80 percent of the world population still relies mainly on traditional remedies such as herbs for their primary health care [13]. Ahmed et al. mentioned that according to a survey conducted by W.H.O., traditional healers treat 65% patients in Sri Lanka and 80% in India [3]. According to the WHO, around 21,000 plant species have the potential for being used as medicinal plants. Different ethnic and different language speaking peoples are living in Asian countries. Plants are commonly known by their local names in every part of the world. These local names play a very important role in ethno-botanical study of a specific tribe or region. Local names given to plants by indigenous people in their local dialects often reflect a broad spectrum of information on their understanding of plants. Most often, the local names are given based on some salient features, e.g. appearance, shape, size, habit, habitat, smell, taste, colour, utility, and other peculiar character, etc. of the plants [15]. These practical, meaningful, easily understandable and rememberable local names are disappearing rapidly along with the culture and tradition of the tribal group of Asian countries. As a preliminary step for documentation purpose, Authors were planned to publish this Dictionary of Medicinal Plants with 906 Medicinal plants, its Scientific names, family and common vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names. _________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright 2019 The Author(s), Licensee Book Publisher International, This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]; Print ISBN: 978-93-89246-90-2, eBook ISBN: 978-93-89246-91-9 Dictionary of Medicinal Plants- Scientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names Sri Ranjani Sivapalan 1 and Vinotha Sanmugarajah 1* DOI:10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-89246-90-2 No Scientific Name/s Family Name/s English Name/s Sinhala Name/s Sanskrit Name/s Tamil Name/s 1. Abelmoschus Malvaceae Ladie’s Finger, Bandakka Pitali Vendai, Vendaikkay, Vendi esculentus , B.N Edible Hibiscus, Okra, Ockro 2. Abelmoschus Malvaceae Musk-mallo Kapukinissa Latakasturika, Varttilai kasturi, Kattuk-kasturi; moschatus , Gandapura, Kasturivendaik-kay-virai Moench. Zataksturika Hibiscus abelmoschus L. 3. Abies webbina Lindl Coniferae Himalayan silver Talishapatra Talishapatra, Talisapatri fir talispatra, talis, patradhya 4. Abroma augusta , Sterculiaceæ Devil's cotton Ulatkambal Pishaacha Sivapputtutti Linn Kaarpaasa, Pivari 5. Abrus Leguminosae Licorice-root Ela olinda - - melanosperma , Papilionoideae Hassk. 6. Abrus precatorius , Fabaceae Wild liquorice, Olinda Raktika kakachinchi, Kunri, Linn Jequirity, Crab’s Gunja Adisamiyai, Gundumani, eyes, Jamaica Kunthamani _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]; Dictionary of Medicinal Plants- Scientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names No Scientific Name/s Family Name/s English Name/s Sinhala Name/s Sanskrit Name/s Tamil Name/s 7. Abutilon indicum , Malvaceae/ Chinese Beheth Anoda, Wal Athibala, Kankatika, Thuththi, Tutti, Peruntutti, Nallatutti G.Don Fabaceae bellflower, Indian Anoda, Anona, Balika mallow, country Anodagaha mallow 8. Acacia senegal (L.) Mimosaceae/ Three thorn Sneta khadira Śvetakhadira, Sneta - Willd. Fabaceae acacia, khadira, Gum-arabic, Gum- Shvetakhadira arabic-tree 9. Acacia arabica , Mimosaceae/ Babul tree, Indian Baabulu Babbula, Vabbula, Karuval, Karuvelum Willd. Fabaceae gum-arabic tree Vabboola, Barbara 10. Acacia caesia (L) Mimosaceae/ Black catechu, Hingurupatta vel, Nikunjika Indu, Vellintu, Inkakkai, Intu, Willd. Fabaceae Wallflower, Hingurupaththa vael Twisted Acacia 11. Acacia catechu , Mimosaceae/ Cutch tree, Rat kihiriya, Khadira Karunkali, Voadalam, Karan-galli Willd. Fabaceae Catechu, Black Ratkihiri catechu 12. Acacia concinna , Mimosaceae/ Sappan, Soap pod Chikakai, Saptala, Phenila Sheeyakay, Seekai DC. Fabaceae Bahuphenarasa, Charmakasa 13. Acacia farnesiana , Mimosaceae/ Cassia flower, Seenidda Arimaedah Pikkaruvil, Kasthurivel, Pavalam Willd. Fabaceae Fragrant acacia, Ironwood 14. Acacia ferruginea , Mimosaceae/ Safed Khair Ela Kihiriya Brahmashalya, Velvelam DC Fabaceae Shvetasara, Somavrikasha 15. Acacia intsia , Willd Mimosaceae/ Black catechu Hinguru wel Atavimadhuka, Iluppai, Kattiluppai, Untupatakkoti, Fabaceae Nikunjika Ampavakkoti Atavimadhukavriksh, Madhudrumah, Atavimadhukavrikshah, 16. Acacia Mimosaceae/ Brigalow - Madhuka-vrikshaha, Illupai, Iluppai, Iruppai, Seyilam, jacquemontii , Benth Fabaceae Madooka Kulisam, Kuligam, Madugam, Maduragam, Mavagam, Nattiluppai, Nattu iluppai, Tittinam 3 Dictionary of Medicinal Plants- Scientific Names, Family and Selected Vernacular (English, Sinhala, Sanskrit and Tamil) Names No Scientific Name/s Family Name/s English Name/s Sinhala Name/s Sanskrit Name/s Tamil Name/s 17. Acacia leucophloea, Mimosaceae/ White barked Katu keena, Katu Arimedah, Shwet Velvelam, Sarai Willd. Fabaceae acacia kihiri barhura, Shveta- barbura 18. Acacia modesta , Mimosaceae/ Amritsar-Gum, - Paloz, Pulahi - Wall Leguminoseae/ Black sally, Fabaceae Blackwood, Phulai 19. Acacia nilotica , Mimosaceae/ Indian gum Arabic Katu kihiri Babbula,Varvrurha Tiritapicam , Karuvelam, Kathira- Willd.