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International Journal of Current Trends in Pharmaceutical Research Karunakaran Madhumitha et al, IJCTPR, 2019, 7(4): 116-120 CODEN (USA): IJCTGM | ISSN: 2321-3760 International Journal of Current Trends in Pharmaceutical Research Journal Home Page: www.pharmaresearchlibrary.com/ijctpr R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E Review on Solanum trilobatum Linn Karunakaran Madhumitha*1, Jeyaraman Amutha Iswarya Devi2, N. Venkateshan3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil- 626126, Srivilliputtur (via) TamilNadu, India A B S T R A C T Solanum trilobatum Linn. Is one of the important medicinal plant belongs to the Family: Solanaceae, order: Solanales and Genus: Solanum native to India and is found everywhere in Tamil Nadu. It is widely used as an Indian alternative system of medicines like Siddha, Ayurveda herbal medicines and natural home remedy for various conditions like asthma, respiratory problems, cough and cold. It is commonly called as purple fruited pea, eggplant or Thai nightshade and in Tamil as ‘Thudhuvalai’. This herb is a thorny creeper that grows in bushes. The entire stem and leaves contain thorns all over the plant. The flowers are purple in colour. S. trilobatum is reported to cure numerous diseases viz., Antimicrobial, Anti-diabetic, Hepatoprotective activity, Tuberculosis, Anti-inflammatory, Bronchial Asthma, Antitussive, Cold relief, Antioxidant, Anti- dandruff, Immunomodulatory activity, Anticancer, Phlegmatic Rheumatism, Cytotoxic, Ovicidal activity and Mosquitocidal activity. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrates, sobatum, solasodine, tomatidine, disogenin, solainand tannins in leaf, whereas, stem possess carbohydrates, saponins, phytosterols, tannins, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides as major phytochemical groups. Keywords: Climbing Brinjal, Pharmacological studies, Phytochemical studies, Solanum trilobatum, Thudhuvalai. A R T I C L E I N F O Corresponding Author Karunakaran Madhumitha Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Krishnankoil-626126, TamilNadu, India MS-ID: IJCTPR3945 PAPER QR-CODE Article History: Received 21 May 2019, Accepted 27 June 2019, Available Online15 July 2019 Copyright© 2019Karunakaran Madhumitha, et al. Production and hosting by Pharma Research Library. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Llicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Citation: Karunakaran Madhumitha, et al. Review on Solanum trilobatum Linn. Int. J. Curnt. Tren. Pharm, Res., Res., 2019, 7(4): 116-120. C O N T E N T S 1. Introduction . 117 2. Plant Description. .. .117 3. Pharmacological Studies. .. .118 4. Results and Discussion . .119 5. Conclusion. .. .. .119 6. References .. .120 International Journal of Current Trends in Pharmaceutical Research 116 Karunakaran Madhumitha et al, IJCTPR, 2019, 7(4): 116-120 CODEN (USA): IJCTGM | ISSN: 2321-3760 1. Introduction Medicinal plants can serve as a source of novel therapeutic other gastric problems. The leaves are used to treat dullness agent due to the presence of diverse bio active compounds in hearing by making ear drops (Akilan et. al., 2014). The like alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, leaf extract is used for treatment of cough and cold. The glycosides etc., in plants. They are widely used in the major alkaloids identified in the alcoholic extract from humantherapy, veterinary, agriculture, scientific research, leaves and stem part of S. trilobatum has been shown to etc., Plants are playing an important role in the health of possess antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. millions of people’s life in India. The World Health Botanical Description & Synonyms: Organization estimates, without reliable data, that some 80 Botanical name : Solanum trilobatum Linn. percent of the world's population depends mainly on Family : Solanaceae traditional medicine perhaps some two billion people are Order : Solanales largely reliant on medicinal plants. Plants synthesize Genus : Solanum hundreds of chemical compounds for functions including Class : Magnoliopsida defence against insects, fungi, diseases, and herbivorous mammals. Numerous phytochemicals with potential or established biological activity have been identified. However, since a single plant contains widely diverse phytochemicals, the effects of using a whole plant as medicine are uncertain. Further, the phytochemical content and pharmacological actions, if any, of many plants having medicinal potential remain unassessed by rigorous scientific research to define efficacy and safety. 2. Plant Description Solanum trilobatum Linn (Solanaceae), the nightshade, with Fig 1: Solanum trilobatum Linn Family: Solanaceae, order: Solanales and Genus: Solanum with 102 genera and nearly 2,500 species. It is a prickly Cinkarantakam, Ilaimulaimatu, Kanakattukkatipati, Naripputtu, Nittidam, diffuse, bright green perennial herb, woody at the base, 2–3 Tamil m height, found native to India and is found everywhere in Thoodhuvalai, Valanatikkoti, Tamil Nadu. Abraham Muthukumar (1992) has reported Sandunayattan, Surai. Ambu sonde balli, Habbu sunde gida, that this plant grows and produces flowers between Kannada December and March. The plant having much branched Mullu kaaka munchi Putharichunda, Putricunta, Puttacunta, spiny scandent shrubs. Gamble(1921)in his flora has Malayalam reported this plant to be a climbing under shrub with Tudavalam, Tutavalam numerous short, strong and recurved prickles. Leaves are Sanskrit Alarka, vallikantakaarika, kantakaari-lata. deltoid or triangular, irregularly lobed. Flowers are purplish- Alarkapatramu, Kondavuchinta, blue and white in cymes. Gamble (1921) and Shanmugam Telugu Mullamusthe, Oochintakura, Thigemulla (1989) alone have reported this plant to be producing musta, Utchinta. flowers with white colour. But in wild natural habitats Marathi Mothiringnee, Thoodalam. white-flower producing plants are uncommon. White Oriya Bryhoti flowering plants are superior in their therapeutic properties English Climbing Brinjal than the violet flowering plants. Berry are globose, red or Hindi: Kantakaari-Latta. scarlet. Traditional Uses: Distribution: Various pharmacologically active compounds which are Southern India, Ceylon Deccan, S.M. (San Marino)Country derived from different parts of plants directly or indirectly in Europe, Western Indian Peninsula, Malay Peninsula can act as lifesaving drugs Solanum trilobatum Linn India, China,and Andaman Islands. (Family: Solanaceae) is one of the important wild medicinal Siddha Properties: plant. It has variety of therapeutic properties such as From ancient period this herb is used by roasting in oil or antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, pure ghee and making a powder on it. Thuthuvalai Hepatoprotective, Respiratory problems, Bronchial Asthma kashayam or legiyam reduces the congestion of nose and etc. The steroid solasoline is present in the leaves, fruits, chest. Consuming the juice of the plant with honey is used seeds and stem which are widely used for steroid drug for respiratory problems like carcinoma, dyspnoea and production (ANM Mamun et. al., 2014). The fruit from anorexia. Most common recipes in siddha are Thuthuvalai solanum trilobactum having nutritional and mineral candy, legiyam, rasam and chooranam. composition (Suganthi et al., 2017).They have been shown Preliminary Phytochemical Screening: to possess immune stimulating activity acting at different Phytochemical screening of various extracts such as levels of the immune system (Dhasarathan et al., 2008). The chloroform, ethanol and water of S. trilobatum revealedthe flower is used to treat with rheumatism, constipation and presence of secondary metabolites like Steroids, tri International Journal of Current Trends in Pharmaceutical Research 115 Karunakaran Madhumitha et al, IJCTPR, 2019, 7(4): 116-120 CODEN (USA): IJCTGM | ISSN: 2321-3760 terpenoids, sugars, Reducing sugars, phenolic compounds, Anti-Inflammatory Properties: tannins, anthroquinone, amino acids and Saponins. Methanolic extract of S. trilobatum Leaf were investigated Phytochemical analysis of dried powder of S. for anti-inflammatory activity with acute and chronic Trilobatumleaves showed the presence of carbohydrates, models. In the doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg exhibited saponins, phytosterols and tannins, whereas the stem portion significant (P < 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity in all the possess carbohydrates, saponins, phytosterols, tannins, models tested. The methanolic extract of S. trilobatum Linn. flavonoids and cardiac glycosides. Alkaloides such as at 300 mg/kg showed maximum inhibition of 54.44% in soladunalinidine and tomatidine were isolated from the leaf carrageenan-induced rat pawoedema while the standard and stem of Solanum species. S. trilobatum contains drug indomethacin was57.08% after 3 hrs of carrageenan chemical compounds like Sobatum, β-solamarine, injection. On the other hand at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg solasodine, solaine, glycoalkaloid and diosogenin. inhibited with dextran, histamine and serotonin-induced rat pawoedema significantly and dose dependently compared 3. Pharmacological Studies with control group. In the chronic inflammatory model, at a Antimicrobial Properties: dose of 200 and 300 mg/kg inhibited the granuloma weight Aqueous methanol and n-butanol extract of aerial parts of by 22.65%, whereas the indomethacin inhibited28.37% s.trilobactum
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