the eden catchment: network, status and pressures

This map of the River Eden catchment provides an Area covered at-a-glance overview of the ecological status of the river, by map The Eden is its tributaries and water bodies. The map sits alongside 80 miles long the plan to save the River Eden and the actions and objectives needed to achieve this. Tarn Beck (River Irthing) and covers 850 There is a lot of information held on this map. The overall square miles. ecological status of the catchment is clearly shown along River Irthing (u/s Butter Burn) with the condition of the River Eden Special Area of Conservation. Hazel Gill (River Irthing) The other key feature of the map is that of the pressures

that the catchment is subjected to. From river engineering, Butter Burn siltation and water abstraction to septic tanks and dairy farming, these all have a considerable impact on the catchment and influence the work that needs to be done River Irthing (u/s Crammel Linn Waterfall) to save the River Eden.

King Water Kirkcambeck These pressures reflect our current understanding saving eden: and may change as the evidence develops. Cam Beck catchment map

Gilsland OVERALL Key ECOLOGICAL STATUS Walton overall ecological status

Lanercost Scaleby Low Row 0% high Laversdale Newtown River Irthing Brampton (d/s Crammel Linn Waterfall) Rockcliffe 41% Solway Estuary Rockcliffe Beck Brunstock Beck Good Eden (River Eden) Harker (Cumb.Lower) Milton 46% Moderate Crosby-on-Eden Brunstock Hallbankgate Beaumont Cargo Quarry Beck Houghton 12% pOOR Longburgh Monkhill Linstock Newby East Farlam Kirkandrews- on-Eden Eden Grinsdale 1% River Eden Hayton bAd (Cumb.Lower) Talkin (Lower)(lower) Moorhouse Aglionby Thurstonfield Kirkbampton Warwick-on-Eden Powburgh Fenton Trout Beck Pressures Beck (Cairn Beck) Castle Carrock Little Orton Scotby Faugh Old Water Heads Nook Arable farming Great Orton Great CasCastletle Carrock Corby Reservoir dAIRy/Beef farming Cummersdale Carleton Cumwhinton River Caldew Blackwell Sheep farming (dd/s/s CaldbeckCaldbeck) Cumwhitton Brisco Cairn Beck New Water Road run-off Durdar

Dalston Cotehill RIVER engineering Hornsby Pow Maughan Beck Pow Beck Sewage discharge Wreay Newbiggin Unthank Croglin Water (Upper)(upper) Unsewered waste River Petteril River Eden (d/s Blackrack Beck) Croglin (Lower)(lower) Industrial discharge Gaitsgill

Low Hesket Armathwaite Contaminated land Roe Beck (Lower) Stockdalewath condition of the Low flows High Hesket Briggle Beck (Croglin) Welton special area of Croglin Water Raven Beck conservation wATER abstraction (Lower) Renwick Ivegill Blackrack Beck Staffield Forestry

Sebergham In vasive species

Kirkoswald Glassonby Beck Siltation Unthank Calthwaite Caldbeck RECOVERIng from historical pollution River Ive

Whelpo Glassonby (Cald) Beck River Petteril (d/s M6) pOOR river corridor habitat River Caldew Melmerby (Hesket Newmarket) hISTORIC mining activity Fell Side Roe Beck (Upper) Plumpton Great Salkeld bARRIERS to fish passage Robberby Water Lamonby Gillcambon Beck Ellonby Skelton S uspect classification data incorrect Winskill Ousby  Lack of knowledge (uncertain)

Langwathby

Catterlen River Caldew Johnby Briggle Beck development pressure Little Skirwith (Upper) Blencow Laithes Crowdundle Beck Mosedale River Petteril (u/s M6) CLImate sensitive Bowscale Newton Reigny Blencarn

Mungrisdale Greystoke Skitwath Penrith stillwaters

Beck Milburn Beck Newbiggin Milburn StillWaters in Good Status (Lower) River Eden Newbiggin S tillWaters in Moderate Status Stainton Brougham Motherby Yanwath Penruddock Crowdundle Beck Dacre Beck (Lower) Special Area of Conservation Condition Assessment Temple Sowerby Hutton Clifton Dacre Tirril Knock Swindale Beck near Dufton Favourable Kirkby Thore Trout Beck Melkinthorpe River Lyvennet (Lower) Unf avourable recovering

Cliburn Trout Beck Dufton Unfavourable no change Dacre Beck Long Marton (u/s Skitwath Beck) River Eamont (Upper) general features Askham Matterdale Brampton End Hackthorpe Trout Beck R iver (thickness of line relates to river size) Great Strickland (Kirkby Thore) Trout Beck (Murton) Morland Crakenthorpe hEAVILy Modified or Artificial River Helton River Leith Murton mAjor Roads Dockray (Lower) Newby Appleby King's Meaburn Aira Beck Hilton Beck Rail Hilton Morland Beck Colby Ullswater Aa Towns and cities Howtown Butterwick Little Strickland Sandwick Sleagill Aa villages Coupland Aa waterbody names (u/s = upstream, d/s = downstream) Hoff Beck Burrells Swindale Beck (Brough) (Lower) River Eden Bampton River Lowther Glenridding Beck Goldrill Beck (below GrisedGrisedaleale Beck) Reagill ( (Swindale BecBeckk to HawesHaweswaterwater Beck) Hoff Great Ormside to Eamont) Glenridding Rosgill Low Gill (Crooks Beck) Little Maulds Meaburn Ormside Howe Grain Burnbanks Sandford Augill Beck

River Lyvennet Warcop North Shap Stainmore Red Tarn Crosby Ravensworth Drybeck Grisedale Beck Brough Haweswater Reservoir Scale Beck Keld Swindale Beck Great Musgrave(Great Musgrave) Great Asby

Hartsop South Stainmore Argill Beck Brothers Water River Lowther Helm Beck Goldrill Beck Grisedale Tarn Swindale Beck Hoff Beck (Upper) (Lowther) Kaber Blea Water Blind Beck River Belah (Lower) Soulby Winton

River Belah (Upper) Little Asby Crosby Garrett Kirkby Stephen Hartley

Nateby

River Eden Scandal Beck Ravenstonedale (Top)

Outhgill

case studies: what is already being done

Shap Wastewater Thacka Beck Environmental River Eden Cliburn First Evidence and Measures – Catchment River Restoration Renwick fell Treatment Works Flood Alleviation Stewardship Scheme, Demonstration Time Rural River Petteril project Sensitive Farming Demonstration Project plantation (WwTW) phosphorous Scheme Farm Test Catchments Sewerage Scheme reduction project

Reducing discharges from Shap WwTW Construction of a large flood storage Incentivising land management changes Cost effectively reducing the impact of Removal of private septic tank discharges Improving the chemical and ecological Catchment Sensitive Farming (CSF) Capital Delivering morphology targets for the River Establishment of native broadleaf woodland Developed by Eden Rivers Trust final effluent and stormwater to address reservoir and the restoration, replacement to deliver ecosystem benefits. agricultural diffuse pollution on ecological to address long-standing water quality status of the four waterbodies that form the Grants have helped farmers address clean Eden Special Area of Conservation. on two ghyll systems near Hartside, to [email protected] long-standing water quality issues along and cleaning of the stone arched culvert function, while maintaining food security. issues along the River Leith. River Petteril catchment. and dirty water separation, manure and address water quality issues and improve www.edenriverstrust.org.uk Modifications to rivers are made for the River Leith. under Penrith town centre. The eastern tributaries of the River field management. black grouse populations. Eden rise along the spine of the North The overarching objective of the River Cliburn First Time Rural Sewerage The Evidence and Measures project was a variety of reasons including, flood Shap WwTW was originally constructed Thacka Beck flows through the town Pennine Moors – a Special Protection Eden Demonstration Test Catchment project was driven by the need to remove undertaken to identify the problems Two grants from CSF, together with defence, past industrial use, land This exciting project has come about in the 1960s and has been regularly of Penrith, a town that has suffered Area and Special Area of Conservation (DTC) is to provide evidence to test pollution caused by private septic tank that have led to the poor status of the investments from landlords and tenants drainage and water supply. The impact with close co-operation between the upgraded over the years. The ‘Habitats three separate flood events in the last under EU Directives, and a WFD Natura the hypothesis that it is possible discharges to a local ditch. The ditch catchment, and then identify what and a Higher Level Stewardship scheme, of modifications mean that the River land owner, Natural (NE) and Directive Review’ raised concerns about 12 years, and each event has caused Protected Area. Geltsdale Farm is part to cost effectively reduce the discharged to the River Leith, which in could be done to improve and resolve have helped to make significant changes Eden Special Area of Conservation does the Forestry Commission (FC). The long-standing water quality issues along considerable damage to residential of the RSPB reserve within the North impact of agricultural diffuse water turn is part of the network of streams those problems. Pollution was identified to an intensive dairy farm close to the not meet its conservation requirements ghyll systems will be fenced off from the River Leith – part of the network of and commercial properties. The Flood Pennine Moors. Key habitats and pollution on ecological function while and rivers that feed into the River as one of the major causes, arising River Leith to deal with diffuse pollution under the EU ‘Habitats Directive’ or livestock and planted under the Forestry streams and rivers that feed into the Alleviation Scheme has delivered several species include blanket bog, wet heath, maintaining food security through Eden Special Area of Conservation. from various sources such as farms, issues. With the modern buildings cut the WFD requirements for the Natura Commission’s England Woodland Grant River Eden Special Area of Conservation environmental achievements including golden plover, merlin and hen harrier. the implementation of multi on-farm The ‘Habitats Directive Review’ raised roads, inadequate sewage systems and into a slope, field surface water was Protected Area. The River Restoration Scheme (EWGS) using species that – and failures against the River Quality improved flood protection; contribution In addition, two headwater tributaries measures. This will be achieved by concerns about the long-standing water domestic septic tanks – this has caused running off across dirty yards, putting Strategy is undertaking demonstration would naturally occur on the site, such Objective. Final effluent and stormwater to the Agency’s ‘Creating a Better Place’, of the River Eden SAC and Natura detecting shifts in baseline trends of quality issues along the River Leith problems for the flora and fauna and pressure on the slurry store and giving projects to show how river sections as birch, rowan, willow, and alder. A discharges from the WwTW were ‘Million Ponds’ and Biodiversity Action Protected Area flow through the reserve. the most ecological significant pollutants and failures against the River Quality water quality of the river. The River nutrients a pathway to the river. In can be re-naturalised, including re- good amount of hawthorn is included identified as the main contributors to Plan targets; reconstruction of listed On Geltsdale Farm the HLS scheme is resulting from targeted on-farm Objective. In total 68 properties were Petteril project aims to address these addition, farmyard manure was tipped meandering straightened sections, also to provide cover and food for local these failures. To meet the Habitats walls and gateways; restoration of 450m delivering conservation requirements and mitigation measures at field to farm added to the public sewerage network to make sure that future generations are beside a hard track, which was also the increasing in-channel habitat and black grouse populations. Fencing the Directive requirements a major of river channel; planting of native ecosystem benefits including restoration scales and assessing their effects on thus removing the septic tank discharge able to utilise and appreciate this natural main access route for cattle. This meant flow diversity and allowing natural area off from livestock also gives native investment programme was needed to woodland trees and shrubs; and the of blanket bog for biodiversity; carbon ecosystem function and food security. and the associated pollution issue. resource. The project has concentrated that, with heavy rain, liquid manure sedimentary processes to occur. The vegetation the chance to re-establish meet stringent final effluent limits for installation of bat roosts and bird boxes. sequestration; water quality and water The project is providing research to The flows from the septic tank have on working with farmers to address key flowed back down the track and through demonstration projects are working itself. In June 2012 the neighbouring Biological Oxygen Demand, Ammonia, A range of wetland habitats have also storage improvements; a shift to help Defra develop policies on water been transferred to Penrith wastewater pollution concerns, such as improving the yard. By installing drains, fencing with land managers to look at how to land suffered some huge peat landslips. and Phosphorous. United Utilities been created, including five permanently extensive cattle grazing to allow natural quality in relation to agriculture. treatment works (WwTW) for treatment, drainage and guttering around farmyards and improvements to the yard, manure deliver this type of work on private Planting the ghyll sides will help bind also reduced storm flows entering wet ponds, four seasonally wet scrapes, regeneration of scrub for black grouse EdenDTC will provide information on which meets stringent numeric consent and buildings and putting roofs is contained and cattle make proper use farmland – the environmental effects the soil with tree root systems and the watercourse via a combination three small reedbeds and wet grassland. habitat, to shade headwater tributaries, measures to improve the effectiveness limits. Through the transfer of sewerage over manure stores. Thousands of trees of the track. Below the farm buildings, will be monitored and the projects will prevent further soil erosion from future of increasing flow to the WwTW, and The creation of this mosaic of habitats and to reduce poaching, bank erosion of Environmental Stewardship for from a private septic tank to Penrith have also been planted along the river to steep fields down to the River Leith show to other land managers how river storm events, erosion that could have a providing further storm storage capacity. has improved the area for many species and sediment from steep valley sides, resource protection; improve the delivery WwTW, the receiving watercourses of stabilise banks and allow more wildlife to have been planted with trees as part of re-naturalisation can work within a farm hugely negative impact on the ecology of The new, state-of-the-art Shap Beck including lapwing, which are included on as well as improving heathland habitats. of resources through schemes like the River Leith will meet water quality flourish, together with several kilometres an HLS scheme and a field has been business. Hopefully, the project will the land and water systems downstream. WwTW was built at the headwaters of the red list due to a decline in breeding Grip blocking of the blanket bog is Catchment Sensitive Farming; and help targets and become a better habitat for of river bank that have also been fenced earmarked for river restoration within an increase understanding among river the River Leith and is set to meet water over the last 25 years. carried out by a partnership led by the understand how to optimise them to local wildlife. to prevent livestock access to the river. area of highly straightened channel. managers and users and lead to more quality targets and help create a better North AONB. reduce diffuse pollution. sustainable river management in habitat for local wildlife. the future.

Lead United Utilities Lead Environment Agency Lead Natural England Lead Lancaster University Lead United Utilities Partners Environment Agency, Leads Natural England, Partners Environment Agency, Lead Forestry Commission Data Sources Eden Rivers Trust Environment Agency Natural England, Eden Rivers Trust © Environment Agency copyright Partners Environment Agency, Partners Wildlife Partners RSPB, North Pennines Area Partners Eden Rivers Trust, Partners Environment Agency, Partner Natural England and database rights 2012. All KMI (construction partners) Trust, Eden Rivers Trust, of outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) Newcastle University, Durham Balfour Beatty (construction Investment  £720,000 Partner Defra’s Higher Investment £1.4 million proposed rights reserved. © Natural England Investment £126,853 copyright 2012. Contains Ordnance Investment £13.5 million Council Partnership, Weir Family Trust University, Newton Rigg College partners) Level Stewardship Askham Bryan, University of Survey data. © Crown copyright and Investment £5.7 million Investment £134k annually Higher Investment Total project cost £5.1m Investment  £18,000+ database right 2012. Reproduced by Level Stewardship (HLS) agreement Cumbria, Centre for Ecology and permission of Ordnance Survey on Hydrology, Aberystwyth University, behalf on HMSO © Crown copyright British Geological Survey, Defra, and database right 2012. All rights Environment Agency, Natural England reserved. Ordnance Survey licence number 100031001. Investment £1,999,931