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Folk Song in Cumbria: a Distinctive Regional
FOLK SONG IN CUMBRIA: A DISTINCTIVE REGIONAL REPERTOIRE? A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Susan Margaret Allan, MA (Lancaster), BEd (London) University of Lancaster, November 2016 ABSTRACT One of the lacunae of traditional music scholarship in England has been the lack of systematic study of folk song and its performance in discrete geographical areas. This thesis endeavours to address this gap in knowledge for one region through a study of Cumbrian folk song and its performance over the past two hundred years. Although primarily a social history of popular culture, with some elements of ethnography and a little musicology, it is also a participant-observer study from the personal perspective of one who has performed and collected Cumbrian folk songs for some forty years. The principal task has been to research and present the folk songs known to have been published or performed in Cumbria since circa 1900, designated as the Cumbrian Folk Song Corpus: a body of 515 songs from 1010 different sources, including manuscripts, print, recordings and broadcasts. The thesis begins with the history of the best-known Cumbrian folk song, ‘D’Ye Ken John Peel’ from its date of composition around 1830 through to the late twentieth century. From this narrative the main themes of the thesis are drawn out: the problem of defining ‘folk song’, given its eclectic nature; the role of the various collectors, mediators and performers of folk songs over the years, including myself; the range of different contexts in which the songs have been performed, and by whom; the vexed questions of ‘authenticity’ and ‘invented tradition’, and the extent to which this repertoire is a distinctive regional one. -
The Lakes Tour 2015
A survey of the status of the lakes of the English Lake District: The Lakes Tour 2015 S.C. Maberly, M.M. De Ville, S.J. Thackeray, D. Ciar, M. Clarke, J.M. Fletcher, J.B. James, P. Keenan, E.B. Mackay, M. Patel, B. Tanna, I.J. Winfield Lake Ecosystems Group and Analytical Chemistry Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster UK & K. Bell, R. Clark, A. Jackson, J. Muir, P. Ramsden, J. Thompson, H. Titterington, P. Webb Environment Agency North-West Region, North Area History & geography of the Lakes Tour °Started by FBA in an ad hoc way: some data from 1950s, 1960s & 1970s °FBA 1984 ‘Tour’ first nearly- standardised tour (but no data on Chl a & patchy Secchi depth) °Subsequent standardised Tours by IFE/CEH/EA in 1991, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and most recently 2015 Seven lakes in the fortnightly CEH long-term monitoring programme The additional thirteen lakes in the Lakes Tour What the tour involves… ° 20 lake basins ° Four visits per year (Jan, Apr, Jul and Oct) ° Standardised measurements: - Profiles of temperature and oxygen - Secchi depth - pH, alkalinity and major anions and cations - Plant nutrients (TP, SRP, nitrate, ammonium, silicate) - Phytoplankton chlorophyll a, abundance & species composition - Zooplankton abundance and species composition ° Since 2010 - heavy metals - micro-organics (pesticides & herbicides) - review of fish populations Wastwater Ennerdale Water Buttermere Brothers Water Thirlmere Haweswater Crummock Water Coniston Water North Basin of Ullswater Derwent Water Windermere Rydal Water South Basin of Windermere Bassenthwaite Lake Grasmere Loweswater Loughrigg Tarn Esthwaite Water Elterwater Blelham Tarn Variable geology- variable lakes Variable lake morphometry & chemistry Lake volume (Mm 3) Max or mean depth (m) Mean retention time (day) Alkalinity (mequiv m3) Exploiting the spatial patterns across lakes for science Photo I.J. -
New Additions to CASCAT from Carlisle Archives
Cumbria Archive Service CATALOGUE: new additions August 2021 Carlisle Archive Centre The list below comprises additions to CASCAT from Carlisle Archives from 1 January - 31 July 2021. Ref_No Title Description Date BRA British Records Association Nicholas Whitfield of Alston Moor, yeoman to Ranald Whitfield the son and heir of John Conveyance of messuage and Whitfield of Standerholm, Alston BRA/1/2/1 tenement at Clargill, Alston 7 Feb 1579 Moor, gent. Consideration £21 for Moor a messuage and tenement at Clargill currently in the holding of Thomas Archer Thomas Archer of Alston Moor, yeoman to Nicholas Whitfield of Clargill, Alston Moor, consideration £36 13s 4d for a 20 June BRA/1/2/2 Conveyance of a lease messuage and tenement at 1580 Clargill, rent 10s, which Thomas Archer lately had of the grant of Cuthbert Baynbrigg by a deed dated 22 May 1556 Ranold Whitfield son and heir of John Whitfield of Ranaldholme, Cumberland to William Moore of Heshewell, Northumberland, yeoman. Recites obligation Conveyance of messuage and between John Whitfield and one 16 June BRA/1/2/3 tenement at Clargill, customary William Whitfield of the City of 1587 rent 10s Durham, draper unto the said William Moore dated 13 Feb 1579 for his messuage and tenement, yearly rent 10s at Clargill late in the occupation of Nicholas Whitfield Thomas Moore of Clargill, Alston Moor, yeoman to Thomas Stevenson and John Stevenson of Corby Gates, yeoman. Recites Feb 1578 Nicholas Whitfield of Alston Conveyance of messuage and BRA/1/2/4 Moor, yeoman bargained and sold 1 Jun 1616 tenement at Clargill to Raynold Whitfield son of John Whitfield of Randelholme, gent. -
Archaeological Investigation of a Sow Kiln at Pendragon Castle, Mallerstang, Cumbria
Archaeological Investigation of a Sow Kiln at Pendragon Castle, Mallerstang, Cumbria David S Johnson 2020 1 Archaeological Investigation of a Sow Kiln at Pendragon Castle, Mallerstang, Cumbria Project Code PC19 Report no. 4/2020 Version: Final Date: October 2020 Author: Dr David S Johnson with contributions by Barbara Blenkinship, Jeremy Bradley, Jan Hicks, Dr Douglas Mitcham and Thomas Worthington For the Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority Yoredale Bainbridge Leyburn DL8 3EL Westmorland Dales Landscape Partnership Unit 1b, The Sidings Tebay Penrith CA10 3XR 2 Contents Page Summary and Acknowledgements 5 1. Introduction 6 2. The earthwork feature 7 3. Local archaeological context 8 4. Potential archaeological significance and justification: summary 10 5. Pendragon Castle: historical overview 11 6. Research aims and objectives 19 7. Methodology 20 8. Excavation results 21 9. Finds reports 26 10. Dating 32 11. Analysis and interpretation 36 12. References 40 Appendix 1: Resistivity Survey 44 Appendix 2: Gradiometer Survey 48 3 Figures Page Cover The sow kiln site in relation to the castle 1 Site location 6 2 Aerial photograph showing the putative sow kil 7 3 The earthwork prior to excavation 8 4 HER plot, MYD 62634 9 5 Topographical survey 10 6 Thomas Pennant’s depiction of Pendragon, 1773 15 7 Engraving of Pendragon Castle by Samuel and Nathaniel Buck, 1732 16 8 A length of wall with straight sides 17 9 The straight joint in the dividing wall 18 10 The trackway looking towards the earthwork 18 11 A piece of lime mortar from within -
A Survey of the Lakes of the English Lake District: the Lakes Tour 2010
Report Maberly, S.C.; De Ville, M.M.; Thackeray, S.J.; Feuchtmayr, H.; Fletcher, J.M.; James, J.B.; Kelly, J.L.; Vincent, C.D.; Winfield, I.J.; Newton, A.; Atkinson, D.; Croft, A.; Drew, H.; Saag, M.; Taylor, S.; Titterington, H.. 2011 A survey of the lakes of the English Lake District: The Lakes Tour 2010. NERC/Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, 137pp. (CEH Project Number: C04357) (Unpublished) Copyright © 2011, NERC/Centre for Ecology & Hydrology This version available at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/14563 NERC has developed NORA to enable users to access research outputs wholly or partially funded by NERC. Copyright and other rights for material on this site are retained by the authors and/or other rights owners. Users should read the terms and conditions of use of this material at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/policies.html#access This report is an official document prepared under contract between the customer and the Natural Environment Research Council. It should not be quoted without the permission of both the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology and the customer. Contact CEH NORA team at [email protected] The NERC and CEH trade marks and logos (‘the Trademarks’) are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. A survey of the lakes of the English Lake District: The Lakes Tour 2010 S.C. Maberly, M.M. De Ville, S.J. Thackeray, H. Feuchtmayr, J.M. Fletcher, J.B. James, J.L. Kelly, C.D. -
Use Style: Paper Title
2016 3rd International Conference on Social Science (ICSS 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-410-3 Reading Lakescapes in Literature and Painting: From Keswick to Buttermere and Cummock Water * Jing-Dong ZHONG College of English, Zhejiang Yuexiu University of Foreign Languages, Shaoxing, China [email protected] *Corresponding author Keywords: Buttermere, Crummock Water, Stillness, Literature and Painting. Abstract. This paper attempts to discuss the ways of “digging down through layers of memories and representations” to strengthen the “self-knowledge” of formulating harmonious human relations to nature as well as enjoying the natural sceneries, with the case studies of reading lakescapes in literature and painting, in which Buttermere and Crummock Water are the focus. The study examines some relative verbal and visual representations by some writers and artists and finds that although sharing in some similarities with Derwent Water in landscape features, Buttermere and Crummock Water are more prominent in a setting of stillness, and it is the very contemplation evoked by this feature that adds to their value as landscapes. Introduction Nigel Hammett(2012) once mentioned his tour along the road to Crummock Water and eventually to Buttermere. For him the latter is “the most beautiful of all lakes” and he will “never tire of” it. [1] As for the first view of the former, it struck him with the precious stillness of “an early spring day with few people and even fewer cars on the road,” when “it is possible to hear bird song and the bleat of sheep” and -
Charr (Sal Velinus Alpinus L.) from Three Cumbrian Lakes
Heredity (1984), 53 (2), 249—257 1984. The Genetical Society of Great Britain BIOCHEMICALPOLYMORPHISM IN CHARR (SAL VELINUS ALPINUS L.) FROM THREE CUMBRIAN LAKES A. R. CHILD Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Directorate of Fisheries Research, Fisheries Laboratory, Pake field Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 OHT, U.K. Received25.i.84 SUMMARY Blood sera from four populations of charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) inhabiting three lakes in Cumbria were analysed for genetic polymorphisms. Evidence was obtained at the esterase locus supporting the genetic isolation of two temporally distinct spawning populations of charr in Windermere. Significant differences at the transferrin and esterase loci between the Coniston population of charr and the populations found in Ennerdale Water and Windermere were thought to be due to genetic drift following severe reduction in the effective population size in Coniston water. 1. INTRODUCTION The Arctic charr (Salvilinus alpinus L.) has a circumpolar distribution in the northern hemisphere. The populations in the British Isles are confined to isolated lakes in Wales, Cumbria, Ireland and Scotland. Charr north of latitude 65°N are anadromous but this behaviour has been lost in southerly populations. This paper describes an investigation of biochemical polymorphism of the isozyme products of two loci, serum transferrin and serum esterase, in charr populations from three Cumbrian lakes—Windermere, Ennerdale Water and Coniston Water (fig. 1). Electrophoretic methods applied to tissue extracts have been employed by several workers in an attempt to clarify the "species complex" in Sal- velinus alpinus and to investigate interrelationships between charr popula- tions (Nyman, 1972; Henricson and Nyman, 1976; Child, 1977; Klemetsen and Grotnes, 1980). -
1 MPCP(20)28 Church Commissioners Mission, Pastoral
MPCP(20)28 Church Commissioners Mission, Pastoral and Church Property Committee Closed Church of Croglin St John (Diocese of Carlisle) Representations Concerning a draft Pastoral (Church Buildings Disposal) Scheme Note by Harvey Howlett Summary (i) The Committee is invited to consider one representation against and one letter of comment concerning a draft Pastoral (Church Buildings Disposal) Scheme providing for the sale of the closed church building of Croglin St John and part of the annexed land for residential use. (ii) The representors against strongly objects to the conversion of the church building because of the impact on the surrounding open churchyard. He argues that the church’s desire for capital is being put in front of the wishes of the dead and that there is a distinct lack of respect being shown to those buried who are under the protection of the church. (iii) The letter of comment from the Parish Council notes that whilst the Council would have preferred to see the building remain in community use there has not been sufficient interest from within the local community to take on a project of this kind. (iv) The Diocese has confirmed that they wish the draft Scheme to proceed notwithstanding the representation. The Dioceses recognise that they have a responsibility of care and respect to those buried in the churchyard, and to their families, but that there is similarly a statutory responsibility laid on them to secure a suitable and sustainable future for the church building itself. They argue that the proposed scheme successfully resolves the tension in handling these competing responsibilities, through keeping to an absolute minimum the area of land sold with the church and ensuring that there is appropriate access into the retained churchyard for visitors and on the occasion of new burials. -
Landscape Conservation Action Plan Part 1
Fellfoot Forward Landscape Conservation Action Plan Part 1 Fellfoot Forward Landscape Partnership Scheme Landscape Conservation Action Plan 1 Fellfoot Forward is led by the North Pennines AONB Partnership and supported by the National Lottery Heritage Fund. Our Fellfoot Forward Landscape Partnership includes these partners Contents Landscape Conservation Action Plan Part 1 1. Acknowledgements 3 8 Fellfoot Forward LPS: making it happen 88 2. Foreword 4 8.1 Fellfoot Forward: the first steps 89 3. Executive Summary: A Manifesto for Our Landscape 5 8.2 Community consultation 90 4 Using the LCAP 6 8.3 Fellfoot Forward LPS Advisory Board 93 5 Understanding the Fellfoot Forward Landscape 7 8.4 Fellfoot Forward: 2020 – 2024 94 5.1 Location 8 8.5 Key milestones and events 94 5.2 What do we mean by landscape? 9 8.6 Delivery partners 96 5.3 Statement of Significance: 8.7 Staff team 96 what makes our Fellfoot landscape special? 10 8.8 Fellfoot Forward LPS: Risk register 98 5.4 Landscape Character Assessment 12 8.9 Financial arrangements 105 5.5 Beneath it all: Geology 32 8.10 Scheme office 106 5.6 Our past: pre-history to present day 38 8.11 Future Fair 106 5.7 Communities 41 8.12 Communications framework 107 5.8 The visitor experience 45 8.13 Evaluation and monitoring 113 5.9 Wildlife and habitats of the Fellfoot landscape 50 8.14 Changes to Scheme programme and budget since first stage submission 114 5.10 Moorlands 51 9 Key strategy documents 118 5.11 Grassland 52 5.12 Rivers and Streams 53 APPENDICES 5.13 Trees, woodlands and hedgerows 54 1 Glossary -
NEWSLETTER No. 26 – WINTER 2019
NEWSLETTER No. 26 – WINTER 2019 1. From the Chairman Seasons Greetings to all our members. We have a new programme for a new year. I hope that everyone will find something of interest in it. CVBG has been in existence since 2013. Many members joined in that year and have been regular attenders at events. New members are joining all the time. Over the six or seven years, we have acquired much experience of a wide variety of building types and materials. Many of our newer members come with a great deal of knowledge of vernacular buildings and/or live in a traditional house and want to know more about it. With this in mind, the events at the start of the year are based indoors. We have learned from experience that the winter months are not the best time to work outdoors. Along the Lines, in January and February,all members will have the chance to contribute to a publication or display, by using a photograph, drawing or description of a building in their part of Cumbria. The end result will be a booklet or an illustrated map. Please make every effort to join in this project. We have by now, had sufficient experience of Cumbria's vernacular architecture to be able to publish material, either for general readers, or as contributions to other societies' journals. One of the stated aims of CVBG is to “increase enjoyment and understanding of the county's traditional buildings”. We can share our discoveries with a wider public. To help in this regard, we are investing in ISBN numbers so that our publications will be recognised. -
Kirkby Stephen Heritage Trail
Kirkby Stephen Heritage Trail This route is taken from the Kirkby Stephen Heritage Trail leaflet which we produced in partnership and with funding from Historic England. All the places mentioned here are open to the public, and most are easy to access by car, public transport or on foot. Some sites are free to visit; whilst others have an admission fee. The map indicates the locations of all the key sites. The wording next to each entry indicates the facilities available. If an asterisk* is shown after a symbol it means that the facilities could have restrictions, eg limited wheelchair accessibility, parking nearby or dogs only allowed in certain areas. There is no suggested start point or trail to follow; rather the aim is for you to explore Eden’s historic attractions at your leisure. Explore Kirkby Stephen’s Heritage An air of historical intrigue pervades the landscapes around Kirkby Stephen, criss-crossed by age-old packhorse trails and the curving tracks of dismantled (and current) railways. Numerous castles and fortifications suggest this was an area that needed to defend itself. The castles were power bases for the Clifford, de Harcla, Wharton and Musgrave families who all played their part in the Anglo- Scottish Wars; sometimes to their detriment. Kirkby Stephen’s Conservation Area contains many 17th to 19th century buildings clustered around The Cloisters and old market place. The Kirkby Stephen Town Trail provides more detailed exploration of the town centre. Kirkby Stephen is a market town and its charter was granted in 1353. A market is still held today and the ancient Cowper Day and Luke’s Fair are still celebrated. -
Buttermere Cumbria
BUTTERMERE CUMBRIA Historic Landscape Survey Report Volume 2: Site Gazetteer and Location Maps Oxford Archaeology North February 2009 Issue No: 2008-9/888 OAN Job No: L9907 NGR: NY 170 170 (centred) Document Title: BUTTERMERE , C UMBRIA Document Type: Historic Landscape Survey Report - Volume 2 Client Name: Issue Number: 2008-9/888 OA Job Number: L9907 National Grid Reference: NY 170 170 (centred) Prepared by: Alastair Vannan Peter Schofield Position: Project Supervisor Project Officer Date: February 2009 February 2009 Checked by: Jamie Quartermaine Signed……………………. Position: Senior Project Manager Date: February 2009 Approved by: Alan Lupton Signed……………………. Position: Operations Manager Date: February 2009 Oxford Archaeology North © Oxford Archaeological Unit Ltd (2009) Storey Institute Janus House Meeting House Lane Osney Mead Lancaster Oxford LA1 1TF OX2 0EA t: (0044) 01524 848666 t: (0044) 01865 263800 f: (0044) 01524 848606 f: (0044) 01865 793496 w: www.oxfordarch.co.uk e: [email protected] Oxford Archaeological Unit Limited is a Registered Charity No: 285627 Disclaimer: This document has been prepared for the titled project or named part thereof and should not be relied upon or used for any other project without an independent check being carried out as to its suitability and prior written authority of Oxford Archaeology being obtained. Oxford Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability for the consequences of this document being used for a purpose other than the purposes for which it was commissioned. Any person/party using or relying on the document for such other purposes agrees, and will by such use or reliance be taken to confirm their agreement to indemnify Oxford Archaeology for all loss or damage resulting therefrom.