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Symmetry As an Aesthetic Factor
Comp. & Maths. with Appls, Vol. 12B, Nos. I/2, pp. 77-82. 1986 0886-9561/86 $3,1)0+ .00 Printed in Great Britain. © 1986 Pergamon Press Ltd. SYMMETRY AS AN AESTHETIC FACTOR HAROLD OSBORNEt Kreutzstrasse 12, 8640 Rappersvill SG, Switzerland Abstract--In classical antiquity symmetry meant commensurability and was believed to constitute a canon of beauty in nature as in art. This intellectualist conception of beauty persisted through the Middle Ages with the addition doctrine that the phenomenal world manifests an imperfect replica of the ideal symmetry of divine Creation. The concept of the Golden Section came to the fore at the Renaissance and has continued as a minority interest both for organic nature and for fine art. The modern idea of symmetry is based more loosely upon the balance of shapes or magnitudes and corresponds to a change from an intellectual to a perceptual attitude towards aesthetic experience. None of these theories of symmetry has turned out to be a principle by following which aesthetically satisfying works of art can be mechanically constructed. In contemporary theory the vaguer notion of organic unity has usurped the prominence formerly enjoyed by that of balanced symmetry. From classical antiquity the idea of symmetry in close conjunction with that of proportion dominated the studio practice of artists and the thinking of theorists. Symmetry was asserted to be the key to perfection in nature as in art. But the traditional concept was radically different from what we understand by symmetry today--so different that "symmetry" can no longer be regarded as a correct translation of the Greek word symmetria from which it derives--and some acquaintance with the historical background of these ideas is essential in order to escape from the imbroglio of confusion which has resulted from the widespread conflation of the two. -
Catalogo Leonardo
LEONARDO DA VINCI OIL PAINTING REPRODUCTION ARTI FIORENTINE FIRENZE ITALY There is no artist more legendary than Leonardo. In the whole History of Art, no other name has created more discussions, debates and studies than the genius born in Vinci in 1452. Self-Portrait, 1515 Red Chalk on paper 33.3 x 21.6 cm. Biblioteca Reale Torino As far as we know, this extraordinary dra- wing is the only surviving self-portrait by the master. The Annunciation, 1474 tempera on panel 98 X 217 cm. Galleria degli Uffizi THE BATTLE OF ANGHIARI The Battle of Anghiari is a lost painting by Leonardo da Vinci. This is the finest known copy of Leonardo’s lost Battle of Anghiari fresco. It was made in the mid-16th century and then extended at the edges in the early 17th century by Rubens. The Benois Madonna, 1478 Oil on canvas 49.5x33 cm Hermitage Museum Originally painted on wood, It was transferred to canvas when It entered the Hermitage, during which time it was severely demaged GOLD LEAF FRAME DETAIL Woman Head, 1470-76 La Scapigliata, 1508 Paper 28 x 20 cm Oil on canvas 24.7 x 21 cm Galleria degli Uffizi Firenze Parma Galleria Nazionale Lady with an ermine, 1489-90 Oil on wood panel 54 x 39 cm Czartoryski Museum The subject of the portrait is identified as Cecilia Gallerani and was probably painted at a time when she was the mi- stress of Lodovico Sforza, Duke of Milan, and Leonardo was in the service of the Duke. Carved gold frame Ritratto di una sforza, 1495 Uomo vitruviano, 1490 Gesso e inchistro su pergamena Matita e inchiostro su carta 34x24 cm. -
3 LEONARDO Di Strinati Tancredi ING.Key
THE WORKS OF ART IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL REPRODUCTION THE THEORETICAL BACKGROUND The Impossible Exhibitions project derives from an instance of cultural democracy that has its precursors in Paul Valéry, Walter Benjamin and André Malraux. The project is also born of the awareness that in the age of the digital reproducibility of the work of art, the concepts of safeguarding and (cultural and economic) evaluation of the artistic patrimony inevitably enter not only the work as itself, but also its reproduction: “For a hundred years here, as soon as the history of art has escaped specialists, it has been the history of what can be photographed” (André Malraux). When one artist's work is spread over various museums, churches and private collections in different continents, it becomes almost impossible to mount monograph exhibitions that give a significant overall vision of the great past artist's work. It is even harder to create great exhibitions due to the museum directors’ growing – and understandable – unwillingness to loan the works, as well as the exorbitant costs of insurance and special security measures, which are inevitable for works of incalculable value. Impossible Exhibitions start from these premises. Chicago, Loyola University Museum of Art, 2005 Naples, San Domenico Maggiore, 2013/2014 THE WORKS OF ART IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL REPRODUCTION THE PROJECT In a single exhibition space, Impossible Exhibitions present a painter's entire oeuvre in the form of very high definition reproductions, making use of digital technology permitting reproductions that fully correspond to the original works. Utmost detail resolution, the rigorously 1:1 format (Leonardo's Last Supper reproduction occupies around 45 square meters!), the correct print tone – certified by a renowned art scholar – make these reproductions extraordinarily close to the originals. -
Motorway A14, Exit Pesaro-Urbino • Porto Di Ancona: Croatia, Greece, Turkey, Israel, Ciprus • Railway Line: Milan, Bologna, Ancona, Lecce, Rome, Falconara M
CAMPIONATO D’EUROPA FITASC – FINALE COPPA EUROPA EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIP San Martino/ Rio Salso di Tavullia – Pesaro/Italia, 17/06/2013 – 24/06/2013 • Motorway A14, exit Pesaro-Urbino • Porto di Ancona: Croatia, Greece, Turkey, Israel, Ciprus • Railway Line: Milan, Bologna, Ancona, Lecce, Rome, Falconara M. • AIRPORT: connection with Milan, Rom, Pescara and the main European capitals: Falconara Ancona “Raffaello Sanzio” 80 KM da Pesaro Forlì L. Ridolfi 80 KM da Pesaro Rimini “Federico Fellini” 30 KM da Pesaro Bologna “Marconi” 156 KM da Pesaro CAMPIONATO D’EUROPA FITASC – FINALE COPPA EUROPA EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIP San Martino/ Rio Salso di Tavullia – Pesaro/Italia, 17/06/2013 – 24/06/2013 Rossini tour: Pesaro Pesaro was the birth place of the famous musician called “Il Cigno di Pesaro” A walk through the characteristic streets of the historic centre lead us to Via Rossini where the Rossini House Museum is situated. It is possible to visit his house, the Theatre and the Conservatory that conserve Rossini’s operas and memorabilia. Prices: Half Day tour: € 5.00 per person URBINO URBINO is the Renaissance of the new millennium. Its Ducal Palce built for the grand duke Federico da Montefeltro, with its stately rooms, towers and magnificent courtyard forms a perfect example of the architecture of the time. Today , the building still houses the Galleria Nazionale delle Marche with precious paintings by Piero della Francesca, Tiziano, Paolo Uccello and Raphael, whose house has been transformed into a museum. Not to be missed, are the fifteenth century frescoes of the oratory of San Giovanni and the “Presepio” or Nativity scene of the Oratory of San Giuseppe (entry of Ducal Palace, Oratories) Prices: Half Day tour: € 25.00 per person included: bus - guide – Palazzo Ducale ticket – Raffaello Sanzio’s birthplace ticket CAMPIONATO D’EUROPA FITASC – FINALE COPPA EUROPA EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIP San Martino/ Rio Salso di Tavullia – Pesaro/Italia, 17/06/2013 – 24/06/2013 REPUBLIC OF SAN MARINO This is one of the smallest and most interesting Republics in the world. -
Rome: a Pilgrim’S Guide to the Eternal City James L
Rome: A Pilgrim’s Guide to the Eternal City James L. Papandrea, Ph.D. Checklist of Things to See at the Sites Capitoline Museums Building 1 Pieces of the Colossal Statue of Constantine Statue of Mars Bronze She-wolf with Twins Romulus and Remus Bernini’s Head of Medusa Statue of the Emperor Commodus dressed as Hercules Marcus Aurelius Equestrian Statue Statue of Hercules Foundation of the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus In the Tunnel Grave Markers, Some with Christian Symbols Tabularium Balconies with View of the Forum Building 2 Hall of the Philosophers Hall of the Emperors National Museum @ Baths of Diocletian (Therme) Early Roman Empire Wall Paintings Roman Mosaic Floors Statue of Augustus as Pontifex Maximus (main floor atrium) Ancient Coins and Jewelry (in the basement) Vatican Museums Christian Sarcophagi (Early Christian Room) Painting of the Battle at the Milvian Bridge (Constantine Room) Painting of Pope Leo meeting Attila the Hun (Raphael Rooms) Raphael’s School of Athens (Raphael Rooms) The painting Fire in the Borgo, showing old St. Peter’s (Fire Room) Sistine Chapel San Clemente In the Current Church Seams in the schola cantorum Where it was Cut to Fit the Smaller Basilica The Bishop’s Chair is Made from the Tomb Marker of a Martyr Apse Mosaic with “Tree of Life” Cross In the Scavi Fourth Century Basilica with Ninth/Tenth Century Frescos Mithraeum Alleyway between Warehouse and Public Building/Roman House Santa Croce in Gerusalemme Find the Original Fourth Century Columns (look for the seams in the bases) Altar Tomb: St. Caesarius of Arles, Presider at the Council of Orange, 529 Titulus Crucis Brick, Found in 1492 In the St. -
California State University, Northridge
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE The Palazzo del Te: Art, Power, and Giulio Romano’s Gigantic, yet Subtle, Game in the Age of Charles V and Federico Gonzaga A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies with emphases in Art History and Political Science By Diana L. Michiulis December 2016 The thesis of Diana L. Michiulis is approved: ___________________________________ _____________________ Dr. Jean-Luc Bordeaux Date ___________________________________ _____________________ Dr. David Leitch Date ___________________________________ _____________________ Dr. Margaret Shiffrar, Chair Date California State University, Northridge ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to convey my deepest, sincere gratitude to my Thesis Committee Chair, Dr. Margaret Shiffrar, for all of her guidance, insights, patience, and encourage- ments. A massive "merci beaucoup" to Dr. Jean-Luc Bordeaux, without whom completion of my Master’s degree thesis would never have been fulfilled. It was through Dr. Bordeaux’s leadership, patience, as well as his tremendous knowledge of Renaissance art, Mannerist art, and museum art collections that I was able to achieve this ultimate goal in spite of numerous obstacles. My most heart-felt, gigantic appreciation to Dr. David Leitch, for his leadership, patience, innovative ideas, vast knowledge of political-theory, as well as political science at the intersection of aesthetic theory. Thank you also to Dr. Owen Doonan, for his amazing assistance with aesthetic theory and classical mythology. I am very grateful as well to Dr. Mario Ontiveros, for his advice, passion, and incredible knowledge of political art and art theory. And many thanks to Dr. Peri Klemm, for her counsel and spectacular help with the role of "spectacle" in art history. -
Leonardo and Sfumato Author(S): Alexander Nagel Source: RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics, No
The President and Fellows of Harvard College Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology Leonardo and sfumato Author(s): Alexander Nagel Source: RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics, No. 24 (Autumn, 1993), pp. 7-20 Published by: The President and Fellows of Harvard College acting through the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20166875 . Accessed: 06/12/2014 22:26 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The President and Fellows of Harvard College, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, J. Paul Getty Trust are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 128.95.104.66 on Sat, 6 Dec 2014 22:26:32 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Leonardo and sfumato ALEXANDERNAGEL Le cas particulier de L?onard de Vinci nous propose une de used, it almost always appears as an adjectival past ces co?ncidences remarquables qui exigent de nous un participle of the verb. Thus, Vasari describes the softer retour sur nos habitudes et comme un r?veil de d'esprit style made possible by oil painting as a "sfumata notre attention au milieu des id?es nous furent qui maniera," the humanist Daniele Barbaro speaks of transmises. -
The Holy Family with Saint Elizabeth
The Holy Family with Saint Elizabeth, the Child Saint John the Baptist and Two Angels, a copy of Raphael Technical report, restoration and new light on its history and attribution José de la Fuente Martínez José Luis Merino Gorospe Rocío Salas Almela Ana Sánchez-Lassa de los Santos This text is published under an international Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs Creative Commons licence (BY-NC-ND), version 4.0. It may therefore be circulated, copied and reproduced (with no alteration to the contents), but for educational and research purposes only and always citing its author and provenance. It may not be used commercially. View the terms and conditions of this licence at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncnd/4.0/legalcode Using and copying images are prohibited unless expressly authorised by the owners of the photographs and/or copyright of the works. © of the texts: Bilboko Arte Ederren Museoa Fundazioa-Fundación Museo de Bellas Artes de Bilbao Photography credits © Bilboko Arte Ederren Museoa Fundazioa-Fundación Museo de Bellas Artes de Bilbao: figs. 1, 2 and 5-19 © Groeningemuseum, Brugge: fig. 21 © Institut Royal du Patrimoine Artistique, Bruxelles: fig. 20 © Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid: fig. 55 © RMN / Gérard Blot-Jean Schormans: fig. 3 © RMN / René-Gabriel Ojéda: fig. 4 Text published in: B’06 : Buletina = Boletín = Bulletin. Bilbao : Bilboko Arte Eder Museoa = Museo de Bellas Artes de Bilbao = Bilbao Fine Arts Museum, no. 2, 2007, pp. 17-64. Sponsored by: 2 fter undergoing a painstaking restoration process, which included the production of a detailed tech- nical report, the Holy Family with Saint Elizabeth, the Child Saint John the Baptist and Two Angels1 A[fig. -
Mona Lisa's Smiles in Leonardo's Drawings
Mona Lisa's smiles in Leonardo's drawings SORANZO, Alessandro <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4445-1968>, DANYEKO, Olga and ZAVAGNO, Daniele Available from Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/17314/ This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version SORANZO, Alessandro, DANYEKO, Olga and ZAVAGNO, Daniele (2017). Mona Lisa's smiles in Leonardo's drawings. Art and Perception, 5 (5), p. 410. Copyright and re-use policy See http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive http://shura.shu.ac.uk Mona Lisa's smiles in Leonardo's drawings Soranzo, A., Danyeko O. and Zavago D.– – [email protected] INTRODUCTION EXPERIMENT RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 7 Emotions play a fundamental role in everyday life; every thought, attitude or action has an emotional The perceptual change of expression in both Mona Lisa and Bella Principessa might arise from a counterpart. This project investigates the emotions expressed in Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)'s work. masterly use of the sfumato technique. Sfumato can be described in terms of smoothly graded The adherence to visual realism expressed by Renaissance and post-Renaissance artists is an asset to passages from one colour to another, from one tonality to another, from one brightness to another, or 6 the study of emotional expression. Visual arts, in general, are an ideal archive where every aspect of even the combination of the aforementioned cases. Leonardo himself defined sfumato as “without the visual world has been represented. -
Events, Places and Experiences for Your Holiday 2019 2021 REGIONAL PARK
Events, places and experiences for your holiday 2019 2021 REGIONAL PARK INTER-REGIONAL NATURAL PARK NATIONAL NATURAL RESERVE ARCHAEOLOGY PARK places, experiences, events for your holiday in Marche Legend Adventure and Archaeology park Blue Flag entertainment park The most beautiful Spa Skiing facilities villages in Italy with wellness centres Orange Flag Spa Unesco World Heritage Sites Authentic Italian villages Wine cellars Tourist information centres Parks and Protected areas Bike Park Tourist information points Marina Aqua park MARCHE 2019 2021 Events, places and experiences for your holiday 3 Capital of the Italian Renaissance and birthplace of Raffaello Sanzio years 2019 2021 MARCHE AN OPEN-AIR STAGE Come to Marche! Between 2018 and 2021 the region becomes an open-air stage hosting exhibitions, events, and shows which celebrate its most famous sons: Rossini, Leopardi, and Raffaello. But the events and celebrations will be the driving force in promoting the excellence of the region, offering an extraordinary cultural heritage showcased in the names of Lorenzo Lotto, Frederick II Hohenstaufen, Leonardo, and Dante Alighieri. 48 year 2019 THE OPERA TRADITION OF Marche MARCHE 2019 2021 Events, places and experiences for your holiday 5 Theatre “dell'Aquila” Fermo In 2019 will continue the festivities commemorating 150 years since the death of Gioachino Rossini, the famous composer born in Pesaro in 1792, and deceased in Passy, Paris in 1868. For Pesaro, a UNESCO City of Music, 2018 has already marked the beginning of a rich program of celebrations honouring Rossini that complemented the ROF (Rossini Opera Festival), the annual theatre festival dedicated to the works of the artist from Pesaro. -
FACTS Standards
FACTS Standards INTERNATIONAL STANDARD GUIDE FRM-400 Addopted-1997 Using The Goldenmean For Proportional Divisions In Decorative Standards-1998 Matting Revised-1999 Revised-2000 FACTS publishes this document as a public service. Its use is voluntary, and all results obtained by its use must be entirely the responsibility of the user. This document is subject to revision, change and/or withdrawal at any time. © FACTS 2000 1.00 Design (defined) To plan out in systematic, usually graphic form: To create or contrive for a particular purpose or effect: To create or execute in an artistic or highly skilled manner. 1.01 Everything can be called a design, but to achieve good design the particular purpose must be clear. 1.02 When designing for the framing of artwork art the purpose is " create a surrounding to complement with out distraction". 1.03 When designing for wall decor the latitude is greater, the purpose may be to create a greater interest, make a color or size statement, brighten a drab corner or create something everyone will ask about. 1.04 The Golden Mean provides a formula for the pleasing division of space. 2.00 The Golden Mean (divine proportion) 2.01 In about 300 BC a mathematician by the name of Euclid established a formula that also occurs in nature, when applied to an area that area can be divided into visually balanced unequal proportions that were visually pleasing to the eye. 2.02 In the 1st century BC Vitruvius, a Roman architect of c.90-c.20 BC, wrote De Architectura or the "Ten Books" documenting Roman and Greek architectural history and building practices. -
The Renaissance- Common Part B and C Questions- Sometimes Worth 5/10/15 Marks
Caroline Mc Corriston The Renaissance- Common Part b and c questions- sometimes worth 5/10/15 marks 1. Discuss the High Renaissance period – *see first notes received on renaissance* 2. How did the work of Leonardo/ Michelangelo/ Raphael contribute to the High Renaissance? One of the greatest of Old Masters in the history of art, Leonardo da Vinci excelled as a painter, sculptor, engineer, architect and scientist. Along with Michelangelo (1475-1564) and Raphael (Raffaello Santi) (1483-1520), he is considered to be one of the three great creators of High Renaissance art in Italy (1490-1530). Renowned as a master of oil painting, including the painterly techniques of chiaroscuro (use of shadow to create a 3-D effect) and sfumato both techniques are visible in his masterpiece, Mona Lisa. Unfortunately, Leonardo's creative gifts were so diverse that he completed only a handful of artistic projects. Even so, he was responsible for several masterpieces of Renaissance art, including the Mona Lisa (1503-6, oil on panel, Louvre), one of the greatest portrait paintings; Vitruvian Man (1492), arguably the world's best known drawing; and The Last Supper (1495-8, oil and tempera fresco, Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan), one of the best known Biblical paintings of all time. Sadly only a fraction of his art survives (about 15 pictures in all), not least because of his thirst for (often disastrous) experimentation with new paint techniques. Even so, these few paintings, together with a number of sketchbooks crammed with examples of figure drawing (including some of the best drawings of the Renaissance), plus anatomical studies, scientific diagrams, and his views on the techniques and aesthetics of painting, comprise a legacy rivalled only by Michelangelo.