ATHENS WEEK IN PARIS 22 November 2012
MANAGEMENT EXPERIENCE OF AGBAR WATER.
Pere Verger Cortés 1. INTRODUCTION TO WATER SUPPLY IN BARCELONA
2. NEW TREATMENTS IN WTP
3. NEW SOURCES FOR SUPPLYING
4. ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE IN THE BARCELONA AREA
5. RECHARGE BASINS
6. WATER REUSE OUR HISTORY
Compagnie des Eaux de Barcelone is founded in Liège 1867
Compagnie des Eaux de Barcelone is purchased by French capital and 1881 Société Générale des Eaux de Barcelone is set up
Catalan investors purchase the French company, which becomes 1919 Sociedad General de Aguas de Barcelona
Corporación Agbar is created, which comprises different economic 1983 sectors, such as drinking water supply, wastewater or construction, the beginning of the Agbar Group
Aguas de Barcelona constitutes the Holding Aplicaciones del Agua S.A. 1985
The international expansion begins 1987
Agbar absorbs Corporación Agbar and Aplicaciones del Agua 1992 and extends its services to new activities
Suez absorbs Agbar 2010 WATER CYCLE MANAGEMENT
SUPPLYING Reservoir management Restitution to the environment
Catchments Reutilization
Potabilisation
Treatment
Desalination
Sewerage Transport and Stock
SANITATION Distribution and Consumption AGBAR DRINKING WATER BUSINESS IN THE WORLD
SPAIN 12,718.000 hab.
U.K. Bristol 1,092.000 hab.
CHINA MEXICO CUBA Saltillo La Havana/Varadero 711.000hab. 1.272.000 hab. ALGERIA Oran 1.630.000 hab.
COLOMBIA Cartagena 944.000 hab.
CHILE Santiago 5.941.000 hab. AGBAR DRINKING WATER BUSINESS IN SPAIN
Cantabria Galicia País Vasco Navarra
Catalunya Castilla y León Aragón 50 % IN CATALUNYA
Madrid
Comunidad Extremadura Castilla - Baleares La Mancha Valenciana
Murcia Andalucía
25 % IN SPAIN
Canarias
25 % IN SPAIN HYDROGRAPHIC SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT IN CATALONIA
TerTer - - Llobregat Llobregat SystemSystem TER-LLOBREGAT SYSTEM
The Ter - Llobregat System supplies drinking water to more than 100 municipalities of Barcelona and Girona provinces.
The Ter - Llobregat System has a complex set of facilities of catchment, WTP, tanks, pumping stations and distribution network that allow the water coming from Ter and Llobregat rivers reaches all municipalities with optimum quality for human consumption.
> 5,5 million inhabitants served
Source: web ATLL TER-LLOBREGAT SYSTEM
Water reservoirs capacity
Llobregat 214 hm 3 Ter 398 hm 3 LA BAELLS Ter - Llobregat 612 hm 3 109 hm 3 SAU LA LLOSA 165 hm 3 DEL C. 80 hm 3
SUSQUEDA Yearly demand (hm 3) 233 hm 3 SANT PONÇ 24 hm 3
Water demand: 370 WTP WTP CARDED ABRERA Irrigation: 170 EU WTP ST. BESÒS Environmental flow: 100 J. DESPÍ AQUIFER
3 LLOBREGAT Total demand 640 hm AQUIFER Des. Plant Barcelona
an Nº of supplied inhabitants 2.815.000 ne rra ite a ed e Nº of supplied municipalities 23 M S Distribution network length 4.521 km Daily average consumption 575.000 hm 3 SUPPLY NETWORK
WTPWTP ABRERAABRERA
FONTSANTAFONTSANTA WTPWTP 5454 m m CARDEDEUCARDEDEU (116.000(116.000 m m 33))
TRINITATTRINITAT IIII 100100 m m (35.700(35.700 m m 33))
WTPWTP ST.ST. JOANJOAN DESPÍDESPÍ
WELLSWELLS AQUIFERAQUIFER BESÒSBESÒS
WELLSWELLS AQUIFERAQUIFER LLOBREGATLLOBREGAT
DESALINATIONDESALINATION PLANTPLANT 6060 hmhm 33/any/any BARCELONA CONTEXT: GENERAL INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
EMA: Environment Entity of Barcelona Metropolitan Area
The EMA is local entity created by the Catalan Parliament for Barcelona Metropolitan Area (3,2 million inhabitants served and 33 municipalities).
Responsibility: ÙWater supply ÙWastewater treatment ÙUrban waste treatment
The EMA manages the water supply in the Barcelona metropolitan area, and therefore regulates the quality of the service , the price and the investments of suppliers.
Source: Aigües de Barcelona 2009 EVOLUTION OF THE DAMMED RESERVATIONS 1982-2009
EVOLUCIÓ DE LES RESERVES EMBASSADES 1982-2009
hm3 400
380
360
340
320
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40 ALERT ALERT ALERT 20 ALERT ALERT ALERT 0 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Sant Ponç - La Baells - La Llosa del Cavall (213 hm 3) Sau-Susqueda (398 hm 3) DROUGHT IN CATALONIA 2007/08
Sau reservoir on the Ter river DROUGHT (June 1999) DROUGHT... (June 1999) ... AND FLOODINGS (June 2000) BARCELONA SUPPLY DEFICIENCIES
LACKLACK OFOF AVAILABLEAVAILABLE FLOWSFLOWS TOTO GUARANTEEGUARANTEE THETHE DEMANDDEMAND PERMANENTLYPERMANENTLY 66 drought drought episodes episodes in in 25 25 years years (the (the last last 4 4 in in only only 10 10 years) years)
PROBLEMSPROBLEMS RELATEDRELATED WITHWITH WATERWATER QUALITYQUALITY ININ THETHE ORIGINORIGIN
INCREASEINCREASE OFOF DEMANDDEMAND PREDICTEDPREDICTED ININ THETHE FUTUREFUTURE
VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY OFOF THETHE SYSTEMSYSTEM RISKSRISKS ININ THETHE SUPPLYSUPPLY
SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS APPLICATIONS OF ADVANCED TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
° Treatment of sea water by reverse osmosis. Desalination Plant of the metropolitan area of Barcelona (60 hm 3/year).
° Partial treatment of surface waters of the Llobregat river in Sant Joan Despí WTP by means of reverse osmosis (75 hm 3/year) to improve water quality.
° Recovery of underground waters from the aquifer of the Besòs delta by means of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis (12 hm 3/year).
° Recovery of other underground sources by reverse osmosis and/or stripping (10 hm 3/year).
° ... 1. INTRODUCTION TO WATER SUPPLY IN BARCELONA
2. NEW TREATMENTS IN WTP
3. NEW SOURCES FOR SUPPLYING
4. ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE IN THE BARCELONA AREA
5. RECHARGE BASINS
6. WATER REUSE DESALINATION IN BARCELONA
Des. Barcelona Plant an ne rra ite a ed e M S DESALINATION PLANT CHARACTERISTICS
Production
Annualproduction 60 hm 3 Dailynominal production 180.000 m 3 Dailytop production 200.000 m 3
Technology Reverse Osmosis Work pressure 70 bar Conversion 45% Elimination of salts effiency 99,7%
Electrical installed power 40.000 kW
Specific consumption
ReverseOsmosis 2,7 kWh/m 3 Total 4 kWh/m 3 Location : Left margin of the Delta of the Llobregat river, near to the waste water treatment plant of Prat. Inauguration : 20th July 2009
Suministro: situación actual WATER SEA CATCHMENT PROCESS AND TREATMENT
remineralization 2 racks OI 2nd. step
10 racks OI 1st. step
20 pressure filters 18 cardtrige filters
Sluge treatment
6 water sea pumps 20 open filters 10 floating tanks
Submarine pipeline 2 x ø1.800 mm FACILITIES DISTRIBUTION PUMPING WATER SEA PIPE SUBMARINE PIPELINE MAIN ROOM: REVERSE OSMOSIS HIGH PRESSURE PUMPS ENERGY RECOVERY TREATMENT IMPROVEMENT IN SANT JOAN DESPÍ WTP DETAILS SJD DWTP
° 120,000,000 m 3 of water treated yearly
° Concession of 5.3 m 3/s
° Resources: Surface river water / Ground water
° 50% of the water consumed is from the Llobregat
Characteristics of the surface water
Minimum Average value Maximum
Ammonium mg NH 3/l 0.03 1.63 15.05 TOC mg C/l 3.30 6.60 32.00 Conductivity mS/cm 450 1651 4021 pH pH units 7.10 7.98 8.77
Hardness mg CaCO 3/l 150 410 573 WATER QUALITY PROBLEMS
° Despite the modifications introduced into the treatment in recent years, there was no guaranteed fulfilment of the parametric value of THM’s fixed by the legislation starting from 2009. (Directive 98/93)
° At that time, the treatment was not sufficient to achieve an organoleptic improvement to the water treated allowing the clients’ demands to be met. WATER QUALITY PROBLEMS
EVOLUTION OF THE CONCENTRATION OF TRIHALOMETHANES OF THE WATER TREATED IN THE SANT JOAN DESPÍ DWTP µg/ l 150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0 ene-05 abr-05 jul-05 oct-05 ene-06 abr-06 jul-06 oct-06 ene-07 abr-07 jul-07 oct-07 ene-08 abr-08 jul-08 oct-08 PROJECT OBJECTIVES
° Compliance with Directive 98/93.
° THM’s < 100 µg/l at points of consumption.
° Elimination of salts and dissolved organic compounds.
° Obtain organoleptic qualities of water from the Llobregat River similar to those from the Ter River.
° Have a treatment with future prospects.
° Continuity of operation of the existing DWTP.
° Maximize use of the existing resources. SOLUTION ADOPTED
° Conventional pre-treatment with static decanting and sand filtration for 100% of the volume.
° Variable distribution of volumes in the post-treatment between the conventional line and a new membrane treatment line.
° The conventional post-treatment line is formed by an ozonization stage and a second carbon filtration stage (max. cap. of 5.3 m 3/s). The new membrane treatment line is composed of an ultrafiltration pre-treatment and a second reverse osmosis stage (max. cap. of 2.4 m 3/s). DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW PLANT
ULTRAFILTRATION STAGE
° 9 trains of 8 cassettes per train and 57 modules per cassette. Model ZW 1000 by Zenon
° Total membrane surface area: 228,757 m 2
° Net design flow: 41.7 l/m 2/h DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW PLANT
CARTRIDGE FILTERS
° 5 RO protection filters equipped with wound UV DISINFECTION cartridges with selectivity of 5 µm
° 5 Lines of 530 l/s with high intensity and low pressure lamps, with units before and after the cartridge filters
° Dose of 380 J/m 2 radiation of 254 nm DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW PLANT
REVERSE OSMOSIS FRAMES
° Treatment volume: 2.65 m 3/s; volume produced: 2.39 m 3/s
° Number of frames: 10
° Conversion: 90%
° Configuration of frames: 1 step, 3 stages
° Pressure tubes per frame:
90 tubes of 7 membranes in 1st stage 40 tubes of 7 membranes in 2nd stage 28 tubes of 7 membranes in 3rd stage
1106 membranes per frame, brackish water type, size 8”x40”, spiral winding, type Filmtec LE 440-I
° Supply pressure: between 8 and 16 kg/cm 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW PLANT
REVERSE OSMOSIS FRAMES DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW PLANT
DOSAGE OF REAGENTS
Reagent Mission Sulphuric acid Adjustment of pH to avoid the precipitation of the calcium carbonate on membranes and control of the Aluminium.
Control level of CO 2 in permeate of R.O. Dispersant Avoid the precipitation of not very soluble salts on the membranes. Sodium Neutralize free oxidant to protect the bisulphite membranes. DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW PLANT
REAGENTS STORAGE DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW PLANT
POST-TREATMENT
° Dosage of CO 2. Storage tank 50 m 3.
° Calcite beds: Downflow 24 filters of 6x4 m 2 Height of calcite between 2.5 and 3 m Speed of the water: 14.91 m/h Contact time 11.4 min With aeration system to clean the calcite filter.
° Blend with ozonized water and filtered by granular activated carbon
° Disinfection with chlorine gas DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW PLANT
POST-TREATMENT WORKS BUDGET
° 948,275.86 euros to draft the project and prior work.
° 44,758,564.84 euros to execute the works.
° 365,568.10 euros for operating tests.
° 3,162,731.14 euros for the electric connection.
° TOTAL: 49,235,140.28 euros (plus VAT) OPERATING COST
For 17ºC, TDS of 1,150 mg/l and operation of 60% of the nominal capacity of the DWTP: 23%
45% 3 C ° Fixed costs: €0.0533/m 10% ° Variable costs: €0.1502/m 3 of which: 22% Energía eléctrica Reactivos químicos - Ultrafiltration: €0.0213/m 3 Reposición mebranas Mantenimiento - Reverse osmosis: €0.1206/m 3 -Post-treatment: €0.0083/m 3
° Total cost: €0.2035/m 3
° The specific electric power consumption is 0.73 kWh/m 3 IMPROVEMENTS TO THE TREATED WATER
CONDUCTIVITY (YEARS 2009/2012)
2.500
Entry average conductivity Output average conductivity 2.000
1.500 µS/cm 1.000
500
0 ene- mar- may- jul- sep- nov- ene- mar- may- jul- sep- nov- ene- mar- may- jul- sep- nov- ene- mar- may- jul- sep- 09 09 09 09 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 IMPROVEMENTS TO THE TREATED WATER
EVOLUTION THM’S OUTPUT ETAP SJD (YEARS 2009/2012)
140,0 Average THM's Maximum THM's 120,0
100,0
80,0 µg/L 60,0
40,0
20,0
0,0 ene- mar- may- jul- sep- nov- ene- mar- may- jul- sep- nov- ene- mar- may- jul- sep- nov- ene- mar- may- jul- 09 09 09 09 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 CONCLUSIONS
In waters such as those from the Llobregat River , with a high content of organic precursors and bromides , it is very difficult with conventional treatments to achieve a concentration of THM’s below that fixed by the Legislation starting from 2009.
The salinity of the water from the Llobregat River is one of the main reasons why the organoleptic quality of the water was not satisfactory.
According to the results of the pilot tests carried out, for the quality of the water to be treated in the Sant Joan Despí DWTP, the most appropriate membrane technology is reverse osmosis . The objectives to reduce THM’s and improve the organoleptic quality of the water are obtained on blending, at 50%, water treated by reverse osmosis with water ozonized and filtered by granular activated carbon. CONCLUSIONS
With these types of waters, the pre-treatment of the water to be osmotized is crucial. In this case, and also in accordance with the results of the pilot tests carried out, ultrafiltration was chosen.
For an average quality of the water and an operation of 60% of the nominal capacity of the Plant, the forecast operating costs are €0.2035/m 3, of which 0.0533 are fixed costs and 0.1502 are variable costs. Under these conditions the specific electric power consumption is 0.73 kWh/m 3.
Finally, with the first data from the commissioning of the Plant, an improvement in the quality of the water is observed, both on an organoleptic level, and as regards the reduction in conductivity and the level of THM’s.