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Rektaszensions-Beobachtungen Des Mondes

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Rektaszensions-Beobachtungen Des Mondes ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN. Band 195. Nr. 4658. 2. Rektaszensions - Beobachtungen des Mondes ausgefuhrt am Reichenbachschen Meridiankreise in Gottingen. Von FY. Pingsdorf. Die vorliegende Beobachtungsreihe ist zunachst auf Newcomb reduziert. Alle Durchgange wurden ini allgemeinen Wunsch von Herrn Dr. Meyemann unternommen worden, an denselben 11 Faden genonimen und auf einem alten um ihm Gelegenheit zu geben, durch Parallelbeobachtungen Ausfeldschen Chronographen registriert. Als Reduktions- die Langendifferenz seines Beobachtungsortes Tsingtau gegen methode wurde die Besselsche gewahlt. Die scheinbaren Uhr- Gottingen zu bestimmen. Aufler dem Monde und den Mond- korrektionen und ihre eventuellen Gange wurden natiirlich sternen des Nautical Almanac soilten ferner noch eine Reihe nur aus den Fundamentalsternen bestimmt; die im Nautical hellerer Fundamentalsterne (System Newcomb) beobachtet Almanac angegebenen scheinbaren Orter der Mondsterne werden, die einerseits als Erganzung zu den Mondsternen wurden nicht benutzt. dienen sollten und deshalb auch Herrn Meyemann mitgeteilt In Tabelle I sind die Beobachtungen in moglichst wurden, andererseits es ermoglichen sollten, aus den Beob- kurzer Form zusammengestellt. Die erste Kolumne enthalt achtungen Rektaszensionen des Mondes abzuleiten. Es war den Namen des Sterns nach der Bezeichnungsweise des beabsichtigt, die vorliegende Reihe auch uber das Jahr I 9 I 3 Nautical Almanac bezw. Red. Jahrbuch, die zweite die be- zu erstrecken, urn den vom Reichskolonialamt nach Neu- obachtete Rektaszension, die dritte endlich fur die Funda- kamerun entsandten Expeditionen, denen ein entsprechendes mentalsterne die Differenz Beobachtung - Ephemeride. In Progranim mitgegeben worden war, Gelegenheit zu korre- der am Schlusse stehenden Ubersicht uber die Luftzustande spondierenden Beobachtungen zu geben. Da ich selbst wegen bedeutet I den besten, 4 den schlechtesten Zustand. meiner Berufung an die Sternwarte in Santiago (Chile) den Die Differenzen B - R kann ich zur Bestimmung einer zweiten Teil des Programms nicht mehr erledigen kann, ver- unteren Grenze der Beobachtungsgenauigkeit benutzen, wenn offentliche ich nunmehr die Beobachtungen des Jahres 1912. ich sie lediglich als Fehler der Beobachtung ansehe und auch Als Beobachtungsinstrument diente der 4-zoll. Meridian- die kleinen Gange, die an einzelnen Abenden noch angedeutet kreis von Reichenbach, an dem schon seit Jahren keine sind, unberucksichtigt lasse. Dann ergibt sich aus dem ganzen exakten Ortsbestimmungen mehr ausgefuhrt worden waren. Material als wahrscheinlicher Fehler einer Beobachtung eines Es sollten bei dieser Gelegenheit zugleich Erfahrungen dar- Sterns: f0’048. Schliefle ich von den’ unter sehr un- iiber gesammelt werden, ob sich das Instrument mit nicht giinstigen Umstanden beobachteten Sternen vier rnit groflerer allzu hohen Kosten wieder soweit herrichten liefie, dafl die Abweichung aus, so ergibt sich der Fehler zu foSo44. an ihm erreichbare Genauigkeit auch modernen Anforderungen Beriicksichtigt man, dafl die Mehrzahl der Beobachtungen einigermaflen genugte. Das Resultat der Beobachtungen in unter ungunstigen aufleren Umstanden und in ziemlich groflen dieser Hinsicht ist, dafl die von dem alten Fraunhoferschen Zenitdistanzen (bis zu 83’) angestellt werden muflte, so kann Objektiv gelieferten Bilder sehr gut sind und die Konstanz man die erreichte Genauigkeit als durchaus befriedigend an- der Aufstellung durchaus befriedigt. Zur Bestimmung des sehen. Azimutes wurden in regelmafligen Zeitintervallen Polsterne In Tabelle I1 sind die aus den Rander- und Krater- beobachtet ; der Kollimationsfehler niuflte durch Niveau und beobachtungen mit Hilfe der betreffenden Epherneriden des Nadir bestimnit werden, da ein Umlegen ohne Erschutterung Berliner Jahrbuchs berechneten Rektaszensionen des Mond- des Instrumentes im jetzigen Zustande nicht nioglich ist. mittelpunktes zusammengestellt. Ebenso stehen dort die aus Ebenso ist eine Bestimmung von Deklinationen vorliiufig nicht der stundlichen Mondephemeride des Nautical Almanac unter moglich, da der Mikroskoptrager auf der Achse sitzt und strenger Berucksichtigung der zweiten Differenzen inter- stark schlottert. polierten Mondorter und die aus meinen Beobachtungen Die Beobachtungen selbst haben arg unter der Un- folgenden Korrektionen. Die funfte Spalte gibt an, ob erster gunst der Witterung zu leiden gehabt, die in der Zeit von oder zweiter Mondrand oder Mosting beobachtet war. Ein einem Jahre nur 26 Mondkulminationen zu beobachten er- Blick auf die Zahlen zeigt, dafl Mosting A gegenuber beiden laubte und auch diese noch durch unruhige Luft, Dunst und Randern um einen erheblichen Betrag zu spat beobachtet Wolken beeintrachtigte. Beim Monde wurden, entsprechend wurde. Bilde ich die Differenzen Rand - Krater, so ergeben dem Hauptzwecke der Arbeit, in erster Linie die Rander beobachtet; an 10 Abenden gelang auch die Beobachtung des Kraters Mosting A. An jedem Abend wurden durch- Marz 27 -0’36 April 27 -0Fg1 Juli 24 -0’67 schnittlich 6 Fundamentalsterne mitgenommen, deren schein- 28 -0.11 Sept. 20 --0.41 bare Orter dem Nautical Almanac entnommen wurden, also 29 -0.33 April Juni 27 -0.20 auf dem Newcombschen System beruhen. Einige wenige Sterne 26 -0.33 wurden dem Berliner Jahrbuche entnommen und rnit den von y. Peters (Veroff. R. I. 33 S. I orff.) ermittelten Werten auf -00116. 2 '9 4658 20 Mittelt man diese Werte, ohne Riicksicht auf den be- Die Durchgangsbeobachtung der Mondrander ist na- obachteten Rand, so erhllt man als systematische Reduktion tiirlich mit einer grol3eren Unsicherheit behaftet, als die eines der Krater- auf die Randbeobachtungen den Wert -0!34. I Stems. Ich schatze den wahrscheinlichen Fehler einer Be- Mai 30 war der seltene Fall eingetreten, dafi beide Rander obachtung auf etwa fo?~,jedoch bietet mir das vorliegende voll beleuchtet waren und beobachtet werden konnten, da die Material nicht die Moglichkeit, einen genaueren Wert hier- Tabelle I. Beobachtungen. Stern 1 a beob. I B-R Stern ! u beob. I B--R -~ __.-- ___- 1912 Januar 27. osor K Geminor. o Piscium Ih40m44?23 , - 3 y Geniinor. 48 7.80 a Arietis 2 2 12.11 + I x Geminor. 58 8.06 19 Arietis 8 14.92 1 Mond I I3 13.29 -- 4 9 Arietis hlosting A 9 '5.94 23 + 6 t2Ceti 28.57 32 Cancri Mond I 31 1.26 c Cancri 41 23.89 I 0 40 10.92 p Ceti + 5 a Cancri 53 41.16 10 41 Arietis 44 47.74 - 1 + 2 3'2 048 9 2 24.19 I 47 Arietis 53 2.14 I 29. 54 Arietis 3 3 21.76 I Marz Januar 30. 83 Cancri 9 I4 5.72 j + 2 o Leonis i 36 28.66 I - 2 April 30. z Tauri I 4 36 58.26 + 2 m Leonis 55 35.29 ; + 5 9 Virginis 13 5 '25.18 - 4 L Aurigae \ 51 16.28 i - 2 3443 10 o 56.11 h Virginis . 21.49 ! 59 8.46 B.4C 28 +21°723 I 2 q Leonis 33.76 i + 8 5 Virginis I 30 14.29 I + 3 BAC 1648 15 28.51 5 8 50.82 Mond I ~ ,6 lauri I BAC 4591 ! 42 35.88 I 20 44.46 - 5 Mosting A I l'auri 10 9.96 I z Virginis 1 57 I 1.87 0 5 32 23.99 j + 4 Leonis hlond I I i 44 39.48 I -10 Mond I I 14 -5 5742 6 Leonis 130 Tauri I II 9 21.63 - 3 Mai I. x Aurigae April 25. x Virginis +8 +29O1190 o I Leonis , 9 36 28.37 j + I L Virginis XI 25.56 -. 14 E Geminor. i 38 32.27 I - 5 E 1 ~ - I Leonis 40 52,77 y Virginis 23 41.95 +6 Januar 3 I. Mond I I 50 5.59 I BAC 4814 29 55.19 rt Leonis - I x Aurigae I 6 9 47.34 55 34.95 i p Virginis 38 27.07 -- 7 37 Leonis 10 11 58.73 +29°~~90I '5 35.98 i (I Librae 46 2.35 Leonis iI +5 i 31.47 I p Geminor. I I1 39.33 + 2 I 27 Mosting A 59 0.13 E Geminor. I 38 32.34 +2 April 26. Mond I1 59 58.68 Mond I 28.65 c Librae 75 7 14.00 +I I 41 x Leonis i 9 55 35.13 +I8 I d Geminor. 7 I4 53.39 ' BAC 5023 I1 -5 7 Leonis I0 2 33.58 - 20 1 18.10 59 Geminor. ' I9 6.31 y Librae \ 37 Leonis I I 58.84 30 38.03 +5 e Geminor. i 23 28.71 +5 - ~~"3996 34 12.51 i Leonis I 27 31.48 x Scorpii 53 33.44 -4 hfarz 26. hlond I 44 43.76 - 5 Geminor. I 6 58 54.05 I Mosting A ! 46 1.46 Mai 4. Mond I 1 2 12.98 11 9 29.05 BAC 3837 7 Ophiuchi 17 5 21.76 / +16 d Geminor. 14 52.88 0 I Leonis 19 21.86 +8 I A Ophiuchi 9 58.08 I Geminor. 20 16.67 +6 ,3 Leonis I 44 35.98 .- 5 9 Ophiuchi 16 38.10 - I 4 Geminor. ' 23 28.20 + I0 April 21. d Ophiuchi +I w Geminor. 21 45-90 I Leonis ! 10 44 39.26 26 18.33 x Geminor. - -9 BAC 5909 BAC 38.37 11 9 29.01 Serpentis 32 34.60 +6 g~ Geminor. 48 7.77 F I (r Leonis ! 16 37.44 0 Mosting A 45 22.91 x Geminor. I 58 7.95 -13 c Leonis j I9 21.88 +I0 Mond I1 46 24.41 27. Marz Mond I ~ 36 21.82 y Sagittarii 18 0 10.99 - I1 d Geminor. 7 I4 52,81 0 Mosting A 31 37.94 BAC 6160 6 24.47 e Geminor. 23 28.12 +3 B Virginis 1 46 8.26 +3 d Sagittarii '5 23.30 - 14 w Geminor. 30 31,03 BAC 6270 23 30.08 21 4658 22 ~~ ~ - Stern a beob. B-R Stem a beob. B-R Stern 1 a beob. B-R I ~ ~ OF0 I Mai 30. 050 I Juli 27. 050 I 27 Arietis 2h26m 4?95 3 H.
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