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Smes and GREEN ECONOMY” FINAL WORKSHOP REPORT on “SMEs AND GREEN ECONOMY” organized by ORGANIZATION OF THE BLACK SEA ECONOMIC COOPERATION (BSEC) and KONRAD-ADENAUER-STIFTUNG (KAS) 13-16 April 2016 Kyiv, Ukraine SMEs AND GREEN ECONOMY Edited by Dr. Antal Szabó Dr. Colin Dürkop 13-16 April 2016 Kyiv, Ukraine Published by Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the permission of Konrad – Adenauer – Stiftung Ahmet Rasim Sokak No: 27 06550 Çankaya-Ankara/TÜRKİYE Telephone : +90 312 440 40 80 Faks : +90 312 440 32 48 E-mail : [email protected] www.kas.de/tuerkei ISBN : 978-605-4679-17-1 Designed & Printed by : OFSET FOTOMAT +90 312 395 37 38 Ankara, 2016 7 | ABBREVIATIONS 11 | PREFACE by Ambassador Michael B. Christides 15 | INTRODUCTION by Dr. Colin Dürkop 19 | 1. HARMONIZATION OF EU, UN, OECD AND UKRAINIAN GREEN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS by Prof. Vyacheslav Potapenko 27 | 2. ECO-INNOVATION AND GREEN ACTION PLAN FOR SMEs IN THE EUROPEAN UNION by Dr. Antal Szabó 41 | 3. NATIONAL COUNTRY STUDIES IN THE BSEC REGION 41 | 3.1 SMEs AND GREEN ECONOMY IN ALBANIA by Arbër Demeti, PhD, Erjona Rebi (Suljoti), PhD, Arlinda Demeti, MSc 64 | 3.2 PROMOTING GREEN PERFORMANCE OF SMEs IN ARMENIA by Lilit Apujanyan 79 | 3.3 SMEs AND GREEN ECONOMY IN AZERBAIJAN by Farid Amirov 86 | 3.4 SMEs AND GREEN ECONOMY IN BULGARIA– ENERGY FOR SMEs IN THE THIRD MILLENNIUM by Georgi Stoev, PhD 101 | 3.5 GREEN ECONOMY IN GEORGIA by Eteri Mamukelashvili 139 | 3.6 GO GREEN IN GREECE by Irini Voudouris, PhD 160 | 3.7 GREEN ECONOMY AND SMEs IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA by Prof. hab. Alexandru Stratan, PhD, Dr. Alexandra Novac, PhD, Diana Russu 175 | 3.8 GREEN ECONOMY AND ECO-INNOVATION OF ROMANIAN SMEs by Zsuzsanna Katalin Szabó, PhD 204 | 3.9 ECOLOGICAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION by Olga Generalova-Kutuzova 225 | 3.10 SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTREPRISES AND GREEN ECONOMY IN SERBIA by Olja Munitlak-Ivanović, PhD, Mirjana Radović-Marković, PhD 247 | 3.11 SMEs AND GREEN ECONOMY IN TURKEY by Murat Alper Öztürk 255 | 3.12 STRATEGY OF DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN UKRAINE FOR THE PERIOD UNTIL 2020 by Volodymyr Semenichin 268 | 4. BEST PRACTICE STUDIES IN UKRAINE 268 | 4.1 PRODUCTION OF PAINTS AND ECOLOGICAL SAFETY – IS THE COMPROMISE POSSIBLE? by Inessa Oleynykova 276 | 4.2 SMEs’ ACHIEVEMENT OF EXCELLENT QUALITY – BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR GREEN ECONOMY by Petro Kalyta 284 | 5. FINAL CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE BSEC WORKSHOP 284 | 5.1 CONCLUSIONS 286 | 5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS 288 | INDEX OF AUTHORS ABBREVIATIONS AIDA Albanian Investment Development Agency AUP Ukrainian Paint and Coatings Association BGN Bulgarian lev bn billion BRDO Better Regulation Delivery Office in Ukraine BRICS grouping acronym for the association of the five major emerging national econo- mies of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa BSC Regional Business Support Centre in Ukraine BSEC Black Sea Economic Cooperation / Organi- zation of the Black Sea Economic Coopera- tion BSEC PERMIS Permanent International Secretariat of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation CEE Central and Eastern European Countries CIP Competitiveness and Innovation Frame- work Programme CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CNIPMMR National Council of Small and Medium- sized Private Enterprises in Romania 8 COP21 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference COSME EU programme for the Competitiveness of Enterprises and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises CPI consumer price index CSR corporate social responsibility DCFTA Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement EaP Eastern Partnership, a joint initiative comprising the EU, its Member States and its 6 eastern European partners of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EC European Commission ECAT Environmental Centre for Administration and Technology in Tirana, Albania EEA European Economic Area e-government the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to improve the activities of public sector organiza- tions EIO Eco-Innovation Observatory, financed by the EC Direc- torate-General EFQM European Foundation for Quality Management EMAS Eco-Management and Audit Scheme EMS environmental management system ENP European Neighbourhood Policy ERENET Entrepreneurship Research and Education Network of Central and Eastern European Universities EU European Union EUR, € euro, official currency of the eurozone EU SURE EU Support to Ukraine to Re-launch the Economy FDI foreign direct investment GAP Green Action Plan, adopted by the EC GCCI Georgian Chamber of Commerce and Industry GCI Global Competitiveness Index GDP gross domestic product GEF Global Environment Facility GEL Georgian lari GEN Global Ecolabelling Network GITA Georgia’s Innovation and Technology Agency GIZ German International Cooperation (Deutsche Gesell- schaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit), previous- 9 ly known as German Technical Cooperation (GTZ, or Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH in German) GoG Government of Georgia ha hectare Horizon 2020 the biggest EU Research and Innovation programme ever with nearly €80 billion of funding available over 7 years (2014 to 2020) HACCP hazard analysis and critical control point ICAP The ICAP Group is one of the most successful regional Business Services Groups in South Eastern Europe. ICAP stands for Intercapital, the previous name of the busi- ness service group. ICT information and communication technology IEEP Institute for European Environmental Policy IIED International Institute for Environment and Develop- ment ILO International Labour Organization IPARD Rural Development component of the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance IUS Innovation Union Scoreboard INSTAT Institute of Statistics in Albania ISO International Organization for Standardization JEREMIE Joint European Resources for Micro to Medium Enter- prises KAS Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung KOSGEB Republic of Turkey Small and Medium Enterprises Devel- opment Organization LLC Limited Liability Company Ltd Limited company m million MDL Moldavian leu MECMA Romanian Ministry of Economy, Commerce and Business Environment MNP Armenian Ministry of Nature Protection MoESD Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development of Georgia MoREEFF Moldovan Residential Energy Efficiency Financing Facility MoSEFF Moldovan Sustainable Energy Financing Facility MSIF Moldovan Social Investment Fund MSME micro, small and medium-sized enterprise 10 na not available NACE Nomenclature statistique des activités économiques dans la Communauté européenne, translated into Eng- lish by the EU as Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community NLC Albanian National Licensing Centre OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develop- ment OHSAS Operational Health and Safety Management System RA Republic of Armenia RECP Resource Efficient and Cleaner Production RES renewable energy source RON Romanian leu RSD Serbian dinar RUB Russian rouble/ruble SBA Small Business Act for Europe SEE Southeast Europe SME small and medium-sized enterprise SME DNC Small and Medium Entrepreneurship Development Na- tional Center in Armenia TPES total primary energy supply TRY/TL Turkish lira UAH Ukrainian hryvnia UAQ Ukrainian Association for Quality UN United Nations UNCSD United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, also known as Rio 2012, Earth Summit 2012 or Rio+20 UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization UN SDG United Nations Sustainable Development Goal US United States USAID United States Agency for International Development USD United States dollar VET vocational education and training WHO World Health Organization WTO World Trade Organization WWF World Wildlife Fund OPENING STATEMENT ON THE OCCASION OF THE BSEC-KAS JOINT WORKSHOP ON “SMEs AND GREEN ECONOMY” PREFACE OPENING STATEMENT ON THE OCCASION OF THE BSEC-KAS JOINT WORKSHOP ON “SMEs AND GREEN ECONOMY” Ambassador Michael Christides Secretary General, Permanent International Secretariat of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC PERMIS) On behalf of BSEC PERMIS, I wish to welcome you all to this important workshop organized jointly by BSEC and KAS. Allow me to begin my brief salute with my sincere thanks to KAS and the Head of its office in Turkey, Dr. Dürkop, for their longstanding and fruitful cooperation with BSEC. I also wish to publicly thank Dr. Szabó from ERENET, for his faithful, long years of support as well as his eagerness in sharing his outstanding experience and knowledge. The theme of this present workshop is “SMEs and Green Economy”. Although “Green Economy” was a fashionable cli- ché used by specialists or fanatical environmentalists a few 12 years ago, it has become a very relevant issue today due to the serious problems we face in our small global village. Not only do we have to ensure harmony among the three main compo- nents of Green Economy – social, environmental and economic; we also have to resolve the problems wrought by the acute degradation of our environment worldwide. The Green Economy is especially important today because these global environmental issues will be aggravated further if the appropriate remedies are not implemented. Thus, from this point of view, the theme of our workshop
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