Schools and Kindergartens -A Design Manual for Ben (St
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Schools and Kindergartens -A Design Manual For Ben (St. Marylebone School, London), Matthew (Christ's Hospital, Sussex) and Amy (preschool playgroup, Nottinghill, London) Layout and cover design: Oliver Kleinschmidt, Berlin Editor: Ria Stein, Berlin Translation from German (texts by Hofmann, Baumann and Niederstatter, Huppertz): Margot Stringer, Nieuil Cover: ZOrich International School, Galli & Rudolf Photographer: Hannes Henz, ZOrich lithography: Licht & Tiefe, Berlin Printing: Medialis, Berlin This book is also available in German: ISBN-13978-3-7643-7052-7 ISBN-10 3-7643-7052-1 Bibliographic information published by The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de. A ClP catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress, Washington D.C., USA This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights oftranslation, reprinting, re-use of illustrati ons, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. For any kind of use, permission of the copyright owner must be obtained. © 2007 Birkhauser Verlag AG Basel- Boston -Berlin P.O.Box 133, CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland Part of Springer Science+Business Media Printed on acid-free paper produced from chlorine-free pulp. TCF 00 Printed in Germany ISBN-13978-3-7643-7053-4 ISBN-10 3-7643-7053-X www.birkhauser.ch 987654321 A DESIGN MANUAL Schools and Kindergartens Mark Dudek CONTRIBUTIONS BY Dorothea Baumann Mohamed Boubekri Susan Herrington Susanne Hofmann Norbert Huppertz Pamela Loeffelman Heather Marsden Christina NiedersUitter Birkhauser Basel • Boston • Berlin Principles of Schools and Kindergartens 9 Preface Building for Education 10 Historical Paradigms 16 Educational Systems 18 Schools in the Community 19 School Typologies Requirements of School Design 22 Spatial Configurations Pamela Loeffelman 28 Acoustic Design Dorothea Baumann and Christina Niederstatter 34 Lighting Design Mohamed Boubekri 40 Sustainability Heather Marsden 42 Outdoor Spaces Susan Herrington 46 An Educationalist's Perspective on Nursery Design Norbert Huppertz 50 Schools and Kindergartens under Reconstruction Susanne Hofmann 5 Selection of Projects NURSERIES AND KINDERGARTENS (0-6 years) PRIMARY SCHOOLS (4-12 years) 56 74 112 140 Briar Hill Nursery Xiayu Kindergarten Kingston International School Taxham School Extension Briar Hill, Northampton, United Kingdom Qingpu District, Shanghai, China Hong Kong, China Taxham, Salzburg, Austria Peter Haddon Architects Atelier DeShaus Kwong & Associates Maria Flackner and Hermann Schnall 58 76 114 142 Kindergarten at Satit Bilingual School National Day Nurseries Association Montessori Primary School Kingsmead Primary School Patumthani, Thailand Grantham, United Kingdom De Eilanden, Amsterdam, Northwich, Cheshire, United Kingdom Aviruth Charoensup Mark Dudek with The Netherlands White Design Associates Michael Stiff and Andy Trevillion Herman Hertzberger 62 144 Fawood Children's Centre 78 116 Primary School Rolle Harlsden, London, United Kingdom Kindergarten Jerusalemer StraBe Druk White Lotus School Rolle, Switzerland Alsop Architects Berlin, Germany Ladakh, India Devanthery & Lamuniere Staab Architekten Arup Associates 64 148 San Felice Nursery and Preschool 80 120 Thorncliffe Park Public School San Felice, Reggio Emilia, Italy Sheerness Children's and Little Village Academy Thorncliffe Park, Toronto, Canada ZPZ Partners Family Centre Chicago, Illinois, USA Teeple Architects Isle of Sheppey, Kent, United Kingdom Ross Barney Architects 68 Architype 150 Lavender Children's Centre 122 Jubilee School Mitcham, Surrey, United Kingdom 82 Ranelagh Brixton, London, United Kingdom John McAslan + Partners Ecole Maternelle ZAC Moskowa Multi-denominational School Allford Hall Monaghan Morris Paris, France Dublin, Ireland 70 Frederic Borel Architectes O'Donnell + Tuomey Architects 154 Sondika Kindergarten Jockey Club Primary School Sondika, Bilbao, Spain 84 124 Hong Kong, China Eduardo Arroyo, No.mad arquitectos Shenyang Xiaohajin Mary Poppins Primary School Aedas + Design Consultants International Kindergarten Berlin, Germany 72 Shenyang, China Carola Schafers Architekten 156 Hoyle Early Years Centre Shenyang Huaxin Designers Zurich International School Bury, Northwest England, 126 Wadenswil, Switzerland United Kingdom 86 North Kildare Galli & Rudolf DSDHA Bubbletecture Maihara Kindergarten Educate Together School Maihara, Japan Celbridge, County Kildare, Ireland 158 Shuhei Endo Architect Institute Grafton Architects South Bronx Charter School for The Arts 128 Hunts Point, New York, USA Burr Elementary School Weisz + Yoes Studio Fairfield, Connecticut, USA SOM 'Education Lab' 160 SPECIAL SCHOOLS (6-18 years) Helen S. Faison Academy 130 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Hachoresh School Perkins Eastman Zichron Yaacov, Israel Shimon and Gideon Powsner 90 100 BSBO De Bloesem School Karviaistie Special School 132 St. Truiden, Belgium Helsinki, Finland Westcliff Primary School VBM Architecten Kirsti Siven & Asko Takala and After School Club Westcliff on Sea, United Kingdom 92 102 Cottrell and Vermeulen Stephen Hawkins School Osborne School Tower Hamlets, London, Winchester, United Kingdom 134 United Kingdom Hampshire County Council Architects Joint Denominational School Haverstock Associates Sheffield, United Kingdom 104 DSDHA 94 Feather River Academy Pistorius School Yuba City, California, USA 136 for Disabled Children Architecture for Education - A4E Heinz Galinski School Herbrechtingen, Germany Berlin, Germany Behnisch, Behnisch & Partner 108 Zvi Hecker Special Pedagogic Centre 98 Eichstatt, Germany 138 Special School Sursee Diezinger & Kramer Architekten Mossbrook Primary School Sursee, Switzerland Norton, Sheffield, United Kingdom Scheitlin-Syfrig+Partner Sarah Wigglesworth Architects 6 SECO N DARY SCH 00 LS (10-18 years) ACADEMIES AND VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS (6-18 years) 164 196 228 240 College Nicolas Robert Albert Einstein Oberschule Flims Comprehensive School Marie Curie Gymnasium Vernouillet, Eure-et-Loir, France Berlin, Germany Flims, Switzerland Dallgow-Doberitz, Berlin, Germany Berthelier Fichet Tribouillet Stefan Scholz Architekten Werknetz Architektur Gruntuch Ernst Architekten 168 198 230 242 Ale Upper Secondary School Sankt Benno Gymnasium Gymnase et Ecole Professionelle Diamond Ranch High School Nodinge, Sweden Dresden, Germany Marcelin sur Morges, Switzerland Pomona, California, USA Wingardh Arkitektkontor Behnisch, Behnisch & Partner Geninasca Delefortrie Morphosis, Thomas Blurock 170 200 234 244 Lycee Camille Corot Lachenzelg School Extension Bexley Business Academy Ivanhoe Grammar School Morestel, France Zurich, Switzerland Bexley, London, United Kingdom Mernda, Victoria, Australia Herault Arnod Architectes ADP, Beat Jordi, Caspar Angst Foster and Partners Bates Smart 172 202 236 246 Gunma Kokusai Academy Perspectives Charter School Montessori College Oost Secondary Intermediate Ohta City, Gunma, Japan Chicago, Illinois, USA Amsterdam, The Netherlands Vocational School Kojima, Uno, Akamatsu Perkins+Will Herman Hertzberger Hoorn, The Netherlands Herman Hertzberger 174 204 238 Montessori School Bishops Park College Aurinkolahti Comprehensive School 248 Ingolstadt, Germany Clacton, Essex, United Kingdom Vuosaari, Helsinki, Finland Packer Collegiate Institute Behnisch & Partner Architects Co-Partnership (ACP) Jeskanen-Repo-Teranne Brooklyn, New York, USA and Leena Yli-Lonttinen H3 Hardy Collaboration Architecture 176 206 Kuoppanummi School Centre Gymnasium Markt Indersdorf Nummela, Finland Markt Indersdorf, Germany Perko Architects Allmann Sattler Wappner Architekten Meskanen & Pursiainen 208 APPENDIX 178 Instituto Villanueva del Rio y Minas Instituto Rafael Arozarena Sevilla, Spain La Orotava, Tenerife, Spain J. Terrados Cepeda + AMP arquitectos F. Suarez Corchete 252 182 210 Authors Kvernhuset Junior High School College des Tuillieres Fredrikstad, Norway Gland, Switzerland 253 PIR II Arkitektkontor, Duncan Lewis Graeme Mann & Patricia Capua Mann Selected Bibliography 184 214 254 Public School Jardim Ataliba Leonel Colegio Secundaria Industrial Index of Places Sao Paolo, Brazil Santiago de Cali, Colombia Luis Fernando Zuniga Gaez Angelo Bucci, Alvaro Puntoni 255 Index of Names 186 216 Exemplar School Oskar Maria Graf Gymnasium 255 Lambeth, London, United Kingdom Neufahrn, Germany Illustration Credits Alsop Architects Hein Goldstein Architekten 188 218 Lycee Fran~ois Magendie Instituto La Serra Bordeaux, France Mollerusa, L1eida, Spain Brojet Lajus Pueyo Carme Pinos Desplat 190 220 Greenwich Academy Protestant Comprehensive School Greenwich, Connecticut, USA Gelsenkirchen, Germany SOM 'Education Lab' Plus+ Bauplanung 192 224 St. Andrew's College Jo Richardson Community School Aurora, Ontario, Canada Dagenham, London, United Kingdom Kuwabara Payne McKenna Blumberg Architecture PLB 194 Ncerum Amtsgymnasium Nrerum, Copenhagen, Denmark Arkitekter Dall & Lindhardtsen 7 8 Preface What is the relationship between pedagogical visions and space for children? I ask this question because it is in my view a key to understanding good school or pre-school architecture, and is a primary idea which lies at the heart of this publication. Whilst we want and need buildings which respond to the immediate requirements of contemporary society, the schools we build now are also for a future which