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Questions & Answers About Aeronautics and Space

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Questions & Answers About Aeronautics and Space DOCUMENT RESUME ED 260 909 SE 045 944 TITLE Questions & Answers about Aeronautics and Space. INSTITUTION National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington. D.C. PUB DATE 84 NOTE 6p. PUB TYPE Guides General (050) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Aerospace Education; Earth Science; *Elementary School Science; Elementary Secondary Education; *Resource Materials; Science Education; *Secondary School Science; *Space Exploration; *Space Sciences IDENTIFIERS *National. Aeronautics and Space Administration ABSTRACT Answers to 27 questions about aeronautics, space, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)are provided in this pamphlet. Among the topics dealt with in these questionsare: costs of the space program; NASA's role in aeronautics; benefits received from the space program; why the United States hasn't developed means of rescuing individuals who are in troubleon space missions; how to write to an astronaut or receivean astronaut's autograph; courses that should be taken in school in orderto beccme a NASA astronaut or scientist; how to obtain NASA educational materials; and NASA activities with elementary and secondary schools. Current addresses for obtaining materials and/or additional information are included when applicable. (JN) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best thatcan be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** nology, national pride, and improved inter- tached inside the orbiter's cargo bay. spacecraft examined Jupiter and five of Its previous programs, an entirely new space suit national relations. The Canadian government funded and moons in 1979 and Saturn and eight of its was worn on each flight, custom-tailored to Some tangible and direct benefits now built a remote manipulator arm. :nstalled in moons in November 1980 and August 1981. fit each astronaut. But Shuttle suits come taken for granted are a global weather satellite side the orbiter's cargo bay, the robot arm The second one is heading for an encounter in standard pieces which can combine to fit system, making possible more accurate weath- plucks out payloads and places them into in- with Uranus in 1986 and possibly Neptune in either male or female crewmembers of differ- er forecasts to help save lives and crops, and a alt11 dependent orbit. The arm alsoretrieves 1989. ent sizes. Because these pieces may be re- worldwide satellite communications system. payloads from space, and can aid in space paired and reused for six years or more, it We also have airplane communications and NASA has very long-range plans for return- Why explore space? construction projects. now costs much less to outfit our astronauts. ocean navigation satellites that provide in- Over the years, the U.S. has engaged in ing to the Moon, but not for many years. The The exploration of space is producing prac- Space Shuttle does not provide the ability How can I write to an astronaut or receive an creased safety in the air and on the sea, as cooperative space ventures, in one form or tical benefits in the form of: well as additional economic benefits. to carry humans out of Earth orbit, and other astronaut's autograph? Knowledge Exploration advances sci- another, with over 40 nations around the Practical everyday benefits include:fire- world. vehicles must be developed before this will Address your letter or request to:Astro- entific and technical knowledge and contrib- resistant fabrics and paint, smaller and longer again become possible. naut Office, Code CB, Johnson Space Center, Why hasn'ttheUnitedStates developed utes to improving life on Earth. lastingradios and TVs,tougherplastics, When will NASA have a permanent space Houston, TX 77058. But please remember Applications means of rescuing men who are in trouble on Spacecraft are already in stronger adhesives, equipment that makes it station in orbit? that astronauts are very busy and cannot constant service for communications, televi- space missions? possible for more hospital patients to receive President Reagan inearly 1984 directed always answer as many letters as they might sion transmissions, navigation, weather obser- better care with fewer nurses, a heart monitor The United States had no space rescue NASA to build and man a permanent orbiting like to. vations, and Earth environmental surveys. inserted through a hypodermic needle rather capability for many years, but minimized risk Technology Progress stimulated by by using only astronauts who were highly space station "within a decade." Studies are How can I become an astronaut? than by surgery, improved computer techno- now being done on the best configuration, the space program is con,ribuling to advances skilled engineers and test pilots, trained to Any qualified adult man or woman may logy, and a host of others. and construction of the hardware will start in medicine, transportation, eiectronics, man- meet every conceivable space contingency. become an astronaut. The astronaut of today What is NASA's role in aeronautics? within two or three years. Most of the ten- ufacturing infact, nearly every form of Today's astronauts are just as skilled, but usually has college education beyond a bache- year period will be required to plan and build human activity. Basicallyitisto assure that the nation their talents cover a wider range of scientific lor's degree often a doctorate in medicine, the station on the ground. Carrying the corn Economics The space program helps maintains its lead in the development of mili and engineering disciplines. Several of the new engineering, or a science and is in excellent ponent parts into orbit and assembling them expand our technologicalbase, stimulating tary and commercial aircraft technology. For astronauts selected for the Space Shuttle pro- physical condition. Astronaut recruiting oc- there would probably take a year or less the development of improved products and this reason NASA does advanced research in gram are medical doctors, and have been de- curs periodically. Write the Astronaut Office, processes tha: increase our ability to compete subsonic, transonic, supersonic, and hyper veloping techniques for dealing with medical How much does a spacecraft weigh in space? as above, for information. in world markets. In this way, the program sonic aircraft. However, new concepts and emergencies in a zero gravity environment. A spacecraft in orbit around Earth is said What courses should Itake in school in order designs are studied for all manner of aircraft, makes a signif,cant contribution to the ex- Also, the United States will eventually have to be in a state of weightlessness, also called to become a NASA astronaut, scientist or port, or plus, side of our balance of trade. including those used in general aviation. Other a small fleet of Shuttle orbiters, each of which zero-gravity,orzero-g. Weightlessness does engineer? What college should I attend? focal points of NASA's aeronautical research could be used by a crew of astronauts to aid What does the space program cost me as an not mean that the gravity of Earth has disap- Career and educational guidance may be include improving aircraft fuel economy and or rescue the crew of a disabled ship. peared. Rather,it means that the forward individual? air safety, and reducing bothersome aircraft very important to your future and should be Are there plans for a manned mission to velocity imparted by the spacecraft's launch given on an individual basis. We suggest that Less than one cent of each federal tax dol- noise. vehicle balances the downward pull of gravity. lar goes to the NASA space program. To di- Mars? What about the other planets? Are we you talk with your school guidance counselor, How does the United States ccoperate with making plans to explore them? Put another way, gravity and motion interact vert funds from the space program would not and with college representatives visiting your other countries in space projects? to hold the spacecraft in orbit, where it is add significantly to the budget for other gov- NASA has no present plans for a manned school. But please remember that astronaut weightless. The spacecraft's movement may jobs in particular are very scarce. ernment programs, but it would be a severe The United States has made considerable missionto Mars, or to any other planet. be described as falling toward the Earth, but blow to the advances intechnology, the efforts to develop international cost sharing Knowledge about planets other than Earth is with the curved surface below moving further Can I be a passenger on the Space Shuttle? growth of knowledge, the economic advan- in space research and applications. beingacquiredby unmannedspacecraft. away at a rate equal to the amount of fall. tages, and the practical benefits produced by The first international manned rendezvous Unmanned Pioneers have returned close up Everything in the spacecraft is also weightless, NASA w'll start taking passengers up on and docking in space took place in July 1975, observationsof the spate program. And itis important to Jupiterand Saturn, and a::is anything which separates from it. The Space Shuttle missions in late 1985 or 1986, recognize that technological progress plays a during the historic joint U S./Soviet mission, Mariners of Mars, Venus, and Mercu y. weightless condition also applies to spacecraft probably about two per year. No waiting lists vital role in the solution of social problems, as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project. In 1976, two Viking spacecraft soft landed on long journeys between planets, because will be kept or applications acJepted prior well as in developing an extended tax base to World wideinterest inSpace Shuttle on Mars and conducted an intensive search for they are effectively countering the gravita- to the opening of a particular slot, which will increase support of social programs. capabilitiesanda planned Space Station life.None was found, buta tremendous tional pull of the Sun by forward motion. be announced to the media. The terms and has sparked increased sharing of space costs.
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